Merge pull request #14986 from peppy/fix-wind-mods

Fix rate mods not working if pp counter is displayed

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/01-bug-issues.md

@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
----
-name: Bug Report
-about: Report a bug or crash to desktop
----
-
-<!--
-IMPORTANT: Your issue may already be reported.
-
-Please check:
-- Pinned issues, at the top of https://github.com/ppy/osu/issues
-- Current priority 0 issues at https://github.com/ppy/osu/issues?q=is%3Aissue+is%3Aopen+sort%3Aupdated-desc+label%3Apriority%3A0
-- Search for your issue. If you find that it already exists, please respond with a reaction or add any further information that may be helpful.
--->
-
-
-**Describe the bug:** 
-
-**Screenshots or videos showing encountered issue:** 
-
-**osu!lazer version:** 
-
-**Logs:**
-
-<!--
-*please attach logs here, which are located at:*
-- `%AppData%/osu/logs` *(on Windows),*
-- `~/.local/share/osu/logs` *(on Linux & macOS).*
-- `Android/data/sh.ppy.osulazer/files/logs` *(on Android)*,
-- on iOS they can be obtained by connecting your device to your desktop and copying the `logs` directory from the app's own document storage using iTunes. (https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201301#copy-to-computer)
--->

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/config.yml

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 blank_issues_enabled: false
 contact_links:
-    - name: Suggestions or feature request
-      url: https://github.com/ppy/osu/discussions/categories/ideas
-      about: Got something you think should change or be added? Search for or start a new discussion!
     - name: Help
       url: https://github.com/ppy/osu/discussions/categories/q-a
       about: osu! not working as you'd expect? Not sure it's a bug? Check the Q&A section!
+    - name: Suggestions or feature request
+      url: https://github.com/ppy/osu/discussions/categories/ideas
+      about: Got something you think should change or be added? Search for or start a new discussion!
     - name: osu!stable issues
       url: https://github.com/ppy/osu-stable-issues
-      about: For osu!stable bugs (not osu!lazer), check out the dedicated repository. Note that we only accept serious bug reports.
+      about: For osu!(stable) - ie. the current "live" game version, check out the dedicated repository. Note that this is for serious bug reports only, not tech support.
 

.github/workflows/diffcalc.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+# Listens for new PR comments containing !pp check [id], and runs a diffcalc comparison against master.
+# Usage:
+#   !pp check 0        | Runs only the osu! ruleset.
+#   !pp check 0 2      | Runs only the osu! and catch rulesets.
+#
+
+name: Difficulty Calculation
+on:
+  issue_comment:
+    types: [ created ]
+
+env:
+  CONCURRENCY: 4
+  ALLOW_DOWNLOAD: 1
+  SAVE_DOWNLOADED: 1
+  SKIP_INSERT_ATTRIBUTES: 1
+
+jobs:
+  metadata:
+    name: Check for requests
+    runs-on: self-hosted
+    if: github.event.issue.pull_request && contains(github.event.comment.body, '!pp check') && (github.event.comment.author_association == 'MEMBER' || github.event.comment.author_association == 'OWNER')
+    outputs:
+      matrix: ${{ steps.generate-matrix.outputs.matrix }}
+      continue: ${{ steps.generate-matrix.outputs.continue }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Construct build matrix
+        id: generate-matrix
+        run: |
+          if [[ "${{ github.event.comment.body }}" =~ "osu" ]] ; then
+            MATRIX_PROJECTS_JSON+='{ "name": "osu", "id": 0 },'
+          fi
+          if [[ "${{ github.event.comment.body }}" =~ "taiko" ]] ; then
+            MATRIX_PROJECTS_JSON+='{ "name": "taiko", "id": 1 },'
+          fi
+          if [[ "${{ github.event.comment.body }}" =~ "catch" ]] ; then
+            MATRIX_PROJECTS_JSON+='{ "name": "catch", "id": 2 },'
+          fi
+          if [[ "${{ github.event.comment.body }}" =~ "mania" ]] ; then
+            MATRIX_PROJECTS_JSON+='{ "name": "mania", "id": 3 },'
+          fi
+
+          if [[ "${MATRIX_PROJECTS_JSON}" != "" ]]; then
+            MATRIX_JSON="{ \"ruleset\": [ ${MATRIX_PROJECTS_JSON} ] }"
+            echo "${MATRIX_JSON}"
+            CONTINUE="yes"
+          else
+            CONTINUE="no"
+          fi
+
+          echo "::set-output name=continue::${CONTINUE}"
+          echo "::set-output name=matrix::${MATRIX_JSON}"
+  diffcalc:
+    name: Run
+    runs-on: self-hosted
+    timeout-minutes: 1440
+    if: needs.metadata.outputs.continue == 'yes'
+    needs: metadata
+    strategy:
+      matrix: ${{ fromJson(needs.metadata.outputs.matrix) }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Verify MySQL connection from host
+        run: |
+          mysql -e "SHOW DATABASES"
+
+      - name: Drop previous databases
+        run: |
+          for db in osu_master osu_pr
+          do
+            mysql -e "DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS $db"
+          done
+
+      - name: Create directory structure
+        run: |
+          mkdir -p $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/master/
+          mkdir -p $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/pr/
+
+      - name: Get upstream branch # https://akaimo.hatenablog.jp/entry/2020/05/16/101251
+        id: upstreambranch
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+        run: |
+          echo "::set-output name=branchname::$(curl -H "Authorization: token ${GITHUB_TOKEN}" ${{ github.event.issue.pull_request.url }} | jq '.head.ref' | sed 's/\"//g')"
+          echo "::set-output name=repo::$(curl -H "Authorization: token ${GITHUB_TOKEN}" ${{ github.event.issue.pull_request.url }} | jq '.head.repo.full_name' | sed 's/\"//g')"
+
+      # Checkout osu
+      - name: Checkout osu (master)
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          path: 'master/osu'
+      - name: Checkout osu (pr)
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          path: 'pr/osu'
+          repository: ${{ steps.upstreambranch.outputs.repo }}
+          ref: ${{ steps.upstreambranch.outputs.branchname }}
+
+      - name: Checkout osu-difficulty-calculator (master)
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          repository: ppy/osu-difficulty-calculator
+          path: 'master/osu-difficulty-calculator'
+      - name: Checkout osu-difficulty-calculator (pr)
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          repository: ppy/osu-difficulty-calculator
+          path: 'pr/osu-difficulty-calculator'
+
+      - name: Install .NET 5.0.x
+        uses: actions/setup-dotnet@v1
+        with:
+          dotnet-version: "5.0.x"
+
+      # Sanity checks to make sure diffcalc is not run when incompatible.
+      - name: Build diffcalc (master)
+        run: |
+          cd $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/master/osu-difficulty-calculator
+          ./UseLocalOsu.sh
+          dotnet build
+      - name: Build diffcalc (pr)
+        run: |
+          cd $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/pr/osu-difficulty-calculator
+          ./UseLocalOsu.sh
+          dotnet build
+
+      - name: Download + import data
+        run: |
+          PERFORMANCE_DATA_NAME=$(curl https://data.ppy.sh/ | grep performance_${{ matrix.ruleset.name }}_top_1000 | tail -1 | awk -F "\"" '{print $2}' | sed 's/\.tar\.bz2//g')
+          BEATMAPS_DATA_NAME=$(curl https://data.ppy.sh/ | grep osu_files | tail -1 | awk -F "\"" '{print $2}' | sed 's/\.tar\.bz2//g')
+
+          # Set env variable for further steps.
+          echo "BEATMAPS_PATH=$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/$BEATMAPS_DATA_NAME" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+          cd $GITHUB_WORKSPACE
+
+          echo "Downloading database dump $PERFORMANCE_DATA_NAME.."
+          wget -q -nc https://data.ppy.sh/$PERFORMANCE_DATA_NAME.tar.bz2
+          echo "Extracting.."
+          tar -xf $PERFORMANCE_DATA_NAME.tar.bz2
+
+          echo "Downloading beatmap dump $BEATMAPS_DATA_NAME.."
+          wget -q -nc https://data.ppy.sh/$BEATMAPS_DATA_NAME.tar.bz2
+          echo "Extracting.."
+          tar -xf $BEATMAPS_DATA_NAME.tar.bz2
+
+          cd $PERFORMANCE_DATA_NAME
+
+          for db in osu_master osu_pr
+          do
+            echo "Setting up database $db.."
+
+            mysql -e "CREATE DATABASE $db"
+
+            echo "Importing beatmaps.."
+            cat osu_beatmaps.sql | mysql $db
+            echo "Importing beatmapsets.."
+            cat osu_beatmapsets.sql | mysql $db
+
+            echo "Creating table structure.."
+            mysql $db -e 'CREATE TABLE `osu_beatmap_difficulty` (
+                `beatmap_id` int unsigned NOT NULL,
+                `mode` tinyint NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+                `mods` int unsigned NOT NULL,
+                `diff_unified` float NOT NULL,
+                `last_update` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+                PRIMARY KEY (`beatmap_id`,`mode`,`mods`),
+                KEY `diff_sort` (`mode`,`mods`,`diff_unified`)
+              ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_general_ci;'
+          done
+
+      - name: Run diffcalc (master)
+        env:
+          DB_NAME: osu_master
+        run: |
+          cd $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/master/osu-difficulty-calculator/osu.Server.DifficultyCalculator
+          dotnet run -c:Release -- all -m ${{ matrix.ruleset.id }} -ac -c ${{ env.CONCURRENCY }}
+      - name: Run diffcalc (pr)
+        env:
+          DB_NAME: osu_pr
+        run: |
+          cd $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/pr/osu-difficulty-calculator/osu.Server.DifficultyCalculator
+          dotnet run -c:Release -- all -m ${{ matrix.ruleset.id }} -ac -c ${{ env.CONCURRENCY }}
+
+      - name: Print diffs
+        run: |
+          mysql -e "
+            SELECT
+              m.beatmap_id,
+              m.mods,
+              b.filename,
+              m.diff_unified as 'sr_master',
+              p.diff_unified as 'sr_pr',
+              (p.diff_unified - m.diff_unified) as 'diff'
+            FROM osu_master.osu_beatmap_difficulty m
+            JOIN osu_pr.osu_beatmap_difficulty p
+              ON m.beatmap_id = p.beatmap_id
+              AND m.mode = p.mode
+              AND m.mods = p.mods
+            JOIN osu_pr.osu_beatmaps b
+              ON b.beatmap_id = p.beatmap_id
+            WHERE abs(m.diff_unified - p.diff_unified) > 0.1
+            ORDER BY abs(m.diff_unified - p.diff_unified)
+              DESC
+            LIMIT 10000;"
+
+      # Todo: Run ppcalc

.github/workflows/test-diffcalc.yml

@@ -1,163 +0,0 @@
-# Listens for new PR comments containing !pp check [id], and runs a diffcalc comparison against master.
-# Usage:
-#   !pp check 0        | Runs only the osu! ruleset.
-#   !pp check 0 2      | Runs only the osu! and catch rulesets.
-#
-
-name: Diffcalc Consistency Checks
-on:
-  issue_comment:
-    types: [ created ]
-
-env:
-  DB_USER: root
-  DB_HOST: 127.0.0.1
-  CONCURRENCY: 4
-  ALLOW_DOWNLOAD: 1
-  SAVE_DOWNLOADED: 1
-
-jobs:
-  diffcalc:
-    name: Diffcalc
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    continue-on-error: true
-
-    if: |
-      github.event.issue.pull_request &&
-      contains(github.event.comment.body, '!pp check') &&
-      (github.event.comment.author_association == 'MEMBER' || github.event.comment.author_association == 'OWNER')
-
-    strategy:
-      fail-fast: false
-      matrix:
-        ruleset:
-          - { name: osu, id: 0 }
-          - { name: taiko, id: 1 }
-          - { name: catch, id: 2 }
-          - { name: mania, id: 3 }
-
-    services:
-      mysql:
-        image: mysql:8.0
-        env:
-          MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD: yes
-        ports:
-          - 3306:3306
-        options: --health-cmd="mysqladmin ping" --health-interval=10s --health-timeout=5s --health-retries=3
-
-    steps:
-      - name: Verify ruleset
-        if: contains(github.event.comment.body, matrix.ruleset.id) == false
-        run: |
-          echo "${{ github.event.comment.body }} doesn't contain ${{ matrix.ruleset.id }}"
-          exit 1
-
-      - name: Verify MySQL connection from host
-        run: |
-          sudo apt-get install -y mysql-client
-          mysql --host ${{ env.DB_HOST }} -u${{ env.DB_USER }} -e "SHOW DATABASES"
-
-      - name: Create directory structure
-        run: |
-          mkdir -p $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/master/
-          mkdir -p $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/pr/
-
-      # Checkout osu
-      - name: Checkout osu (master)
-        uses: actions/checkout@v2
-        with:
-          repository: ppy/osu
-          path: 'master/osu'
-      - name: Checkout osu (pr)
-        uses: actions/checkout@v2
-        with:
-          path: 'pr/osu'
-
-      # Checkout osu-difficulty-calculator
-      - name: Checkout osu-difficulty-calculator (master)
-        uses: actions/checkout@v2
-        with:
-          repository: ppy/osu-difficulty-calculator
-          path: 'master/osu-difficulty-calculator'
-      - name: Checkout osu-difficulty-calculator (pr)
-        uses: actions/checkout@v2
-        with:
-          repository: ppy/osu-difficulty-calculator
-          path: 'pr/osu-difficulty-calculator'
-
-      - name: Install .NET 5.0.x
-        uses: actions/setup-dotnet@v1
-        with:
-          dotnet-version: "5.0.x"
-
-      # Sanity checks to make sure diffcalc is not run when incompatible.
-      - name: Build diffcalc (master)
-        run: |
-          cd $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/master/osu-difficulty-calculator
-          ./UseLocalOsu.sh
-          dotnet build
-      - name: Build diffcalc (pr)
-        run: |
-          cd $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/pr/osu-difficulty-calculator
-          ./UseLocalOsu.sh
-          dotnet build
-
-      # Initial data imports
-      - name: Download + import data
-        run: |
-          PERFORMANCE_DATA_NAME=$(curl https://data.ppy.sh/ | grep performance_${{ matrix.ruleset.name }}_top | tail -1 | awk -F "\"" '{print $2}' | sed 's/\.tar\.bz2//g')
-          BEATMAPS_DATA_NAME=$(curl https://data.ppy.sh/ | grep osu_files | tail -1 | awk -F "\"" '{print $2}' | sed 's/\.tar\.bz2//g')
-
-          # Set env variable for further steps.
-          echo "BEATMAPS_PATH=$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/$BEATMAPS_DATA_NAME" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-
-          cd $GITHUB_WORKSPACE
-
-          wget https://data.ppy.sh/$PERFORMANCE_DATA_NAME.tar.bz2
-          wget https://data.ppy.sh/$BEATMAPS_DATA_NAME.tar.bz2
-          tar -xf $PERFORMANCE_DATA_NAME.tar.bz2
-          tar -xf $BEATMAPS_DATA_NAME.tar.bz2
-
-          cd $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/$PERFORMANCE_DATA_NAME
-
-          mysql --host ${{ env.DB_HOST }} -u${{ env.DB_USER }} -e "CREATE DATABASE osu_master"
-          mysql --host ${{ env.DB_HOST }} -u${{ env.DB_USER }} -e "CREATE DATABASE osu_pr"
-
-          cat *.sql | mysql --host ${{ env.DB_HOST }} -u${{ env.DB_USER }} --database=osu_master
-          cat *.sql | mysql --host ${{ env.DB_HOST }} -u${{ env.DB_USER }} --database=osu_pr
-
-      # Run diffcalc
-      - name: Run diffcalc (master)
-        env:
-          DB_NAME: osu_master
-        run: |
-          cd $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/master/osu-difficulty-calculator/osu.Server.DifficultyCalculator
-          dotnet run -c:Release -- all -m ${{ matrix.ruleset.id }} -ac -c ${{ env.CONCURRENCY }}
-      - name: Run diffcalc (pr)
-        env:
-          DB_NAME: osu_pr
-        run: |
-          cd $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/pr/osu-difficulty-calculator/osu.Server.DifficultyCalculator
-          dotnet run -c:Release -- all -m ${{ matrix.ruleset.id }} -ac -c ${{ env.CONCURRENCY }}
-
-      # Print diffs
-      - name: Print diffs
-        run: |
-          mysql --host ${{ env.DB_HOST }} -u${{ env.DB_USER }} -e "
-            SELECT
-              m.beatmap_id,
-              m.mods,
-              m.diff_unified as 'sr_master',
-              p.diff_unified as 'sr_pr',
-              (p.diff_unified - m.diff_unified) as 'diff'
-            FROM osu_master.osu_beatmap_difficulty m
-            JOIN osu_pr.osu_beatmap_difficulty p
-              ON m.beatmap_id = p.beatmap_id
-              AND m.mode = p.mode
-              AND m.mods = p.mods
-            WHERE abs(m.diff_unified - p.diff_unified) > 0.1
-            ORDER BY abs(m.diff_unified - p.diff_unified)
-              DESC
-            LIMIT 10000;"
-
-      # Todo: Run ppcalc

.idea/.idea.osu.Desktop/.idea/runConfigurations/Benchmarks.xml

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 <component name="ProjectRunConfigurationManager">
   <configuration default="false" name="Benchmarks" type="DotNetProject" factoryName=".NET Project">
-    <option name="EXE_PATH" value="$PROJECT_DIR$/osu.Game.Benchmarks/bin/Release/net5.0/osu.Game.Benchmarks.dll" />
-    <option name="PROGRAM_PARAMETERS" value="--filter *" />
-    <option name="WORKING_DIRECTORY" value="$PROJECT_DIR$/osu.Game.Benchmarks/bin/Release/net5.0" />
+    <option name="EXE_PATH" value="$PROJECT_DIR$/osu.Game.Benchmarks/bin/Debug/net5.0/osu.Game.Benchmarks.dll" />
+    <option name="PROGRAM_PARAMETERS" value="" />
+    <option name="WORKING_DIRECTORY" value="$PROJECT_DIR$/osu.Game.Benchmarks/bin/Debug/net5.0" />
     <option name="PASS_PARENT_ENVS" value="1" />
     <option name="USE_EXTERNAL_CONSOLE" value="0" />
     <option name="USE_MONO" value="0" />
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
     <option name="PROJECT_KIND" value="DotNetCore" />
     <option name="PROJECT_TFM" value="net5.0" />
     <method v="2">
-      <option name="Build" enabled="true" />
+      <option name="Build" />
     </method>
   </configuration>
 </component>

.idea/.idea.osu/.idea/indexLayout.xml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <project version="4">
-  <component name="ContentModelUserStore">
+  <component name="UserContentModel">
     <attachedFolders />
     <explicitIncludes />
     <explicitExcludes />

README.md

@@ -31,12 +31,11 @@ If you are looking to install or test osu! without setting up a development envi
 
 **Latest build:**
 
-| [Windows (x64)](https://github.com/ppy/osu/releases/latest/download/install.exe)  | [macOS 10.12+](https://github.com/ppy/osu/releases/latest/download/osu.app.zip) | [Linux (x64)](https://github.com/ppy/osu/releases/latest/download/osu.AppImage) | [iOS(iOS 10+)](https://osu.ppy.sh/home/testflight) | [Android (5+)](https://github.com/ppy/osu/releases/latest/download/sh.ppy.osulazer.apk)
+| [Windows 8.1+ (x64)](https://github.com/ppy/osu/releases/latest/download/install.exe) | [macOS 10.12+](https://github.com/ppy/osu/releases/latest/download/osu.app.zip) | [Linux (x64)](https://github.com/ppy/osu/releases/latest/download/osu.AppImage) | [iOS 10+](https://osu.ppy.sh/home/testflight) | [Android 5+](https://github.com/ppy/osu/releases/latest/download/sh.ppy.osulazer.apk)
 | ------------- | ------------- | ------------- | ------------- | ------------- |
 
 - The iOS testflight link may fill up (Apple has a hard limit of 10,000 users). We reset it occasionally when this happens. Please do not ask about this. Check back regularly for link resets or follow [peppy](https://twitter.com/ppy) on twitter for announcements of link resets.
 
-- When running on Windows 7 or 8.1, *[additional prerequisites](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/core/install/windows?tabs=net50&pivots=os-windows#dependencies)** may be required to correctly run .NET 5 applications if your operating system is not up-to-date with the latest service packs.
 If your platform is not listed above, there is still a chance you can manually build it by following the instructions below.
 
 ## Developing a custom ruleset

Templates/Rulesets/ruleset-empty/osu.Game.Rulesets.EmptyFreeform.Tests/TestSceneOsuGame.cs

@@ -15,9 +15,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.EmptyFreeform.Tests
         [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
         private void load(GameHost host, OsuGameBase gameBase)
         {
-            OsuGame game = new OsuGame();
-            game.SetHost(host);
-
             Children = new Drawable[]
             {
                 new Box
@@ -25,8 +22,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.EmptyFreeform.Tests
                     RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
                     Colour = Color4.Black,
                 },
-                game
             };
+
+            AddGame(new OsuGame());
         }
     }
 }

Templates/Rulesets/ruleset-example/osu.Game.Rulesets.Pippidon.Tests/TestSceneOsuGame.cs

@@ -15,9 +15,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Pippidon.Tests
         [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
         private void load(GameHost host, OsuGameBase gameBase)
         {
-            OsuGame game = new OsuGame();
-            game.SetHost(host);
-
             Children = new Drawable[]
             {
                 new Box
@@ -25,8 +22,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Pippidon.Tests
                     RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
                     Colour = Color4.Black,
                 },
-                game
             };
+
+            AddGame(new OsuGame());
         }
     }
 }

Templates/Rulesets/ruleset-scrolling-empty/osu.Game.Rulesets.EmptyScrolling.Tests/TestSceneOsuGame.cs

@@ -15,9 +15,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.EmptyScrolling.Tests
         [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
         private void load(GameHost host, OsuGameBase gameBase)
         {
-            OsuGame game = new OsuGame();
-            game.SetHost(host);
-
             Children = new Drawable[]
             {
                 new Box
@@ -25,8 +22,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.EmptyScrolling.Tests
                     RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
                     Colour = Color4.Black,
                 },
-                game
             };
+
+            AddGame(new OsuGame());
         }
     }
 }

Templates/Rulesets/ruleset-scrolling-example/osu.Game.Rulesets.Pippidon.Tests/TestSceneOsuGame.cs

@@ -15,9 +15,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Pippidon.Tests
         [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
         private void load(GameHost host, OsuGameBase gameBase)
         {
-            OsuGame game = new OsuGame();
-            game.SetHost(host);
-
             Children = new Drawable[]
             {
                 new Box
@@ -25,8 +22,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Pippidon.Tests
                     RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
                     Colour = Color4.Black,
                 },
-                game
             };
+
+            AddGame(new OsuGame());
         }
     }
 }

Templates/Rulesets/ruleset-scrolling-example/osu.Game.Rulesets.Pippidon/UI/PippidonCharacter.cs

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Textures;
 using osu.Framework.Input.Bindings;
+using osu.Framework.Input.Events;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps.ControlPoints;
 using osu.Game.Graphics.Containers;
 using osuTK;
@@ -61,9 +62,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Pippidon.UI
             }
         }
 
-        public bool OnPressed(PippidonAction action)
+        public bool OnPressed(KeyBindingPressEvent<PippidonAction> e)
         {
-            switch (action)
+            switch (e.Action)
             {
                 case PippidonAction.MoveUp:
                     changeLane(-1);
@@ -78,7 +79,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Pippidon.UI
             }
         }
 
-        public void OnReleased(PippidonAction action)
+        public void OnReleased(KeyBindingReleaseEvent<PippidonAction> e)
         {
         }
 

osu.Android.props

@@ -51,11 +51,11 @@
     <Reference Include="Java.Interop" />
   </ItemGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
-    <PackageReference Include="ppy.osu.Game.Resources" Version="2021.907.0" />
-    <PackageReference Include="ppy.osu.Framework.Android" Version="2021.907.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="ppy.osu.Game.Resources" Version="2021.1004.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="ppy.osu.Framework.Android" Version="2021.1004.0" />
   </ItemGroup>
   <ItemGroup Label="Transitive Dependencies">
     <!-- Realm needs to be directly referenced in all Xamarin projects, as it will not pull in its transitive dependencies otherwise. -->
-    <PackageReference Include="Realm" Version="10.3.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="Realm" Version="10.6.0" />
   </ItemGroup>
 </Project>

osu.Desktop/DiscordRichPresence.cs

@@ -140,10 +140,10 @@ namespace osu.Desktop
             switch (activity)
             {
                 case UserActivity.InGame game:
-                    return game.Beatmap.ToString();
+                    return game.BeatmapInfo.ToString();
 
                 case UserActivity.Editing edit:
-                    return edit.Beatmap.ToString();
+                    return edit.BeatmapInfo.ToString();
 
                 case UserActivity.InLobby lobby:
                     return privacyMode.Value == DiscordRichPresenceMode.Limited ? string.Empty : lobby.Room.Name.Value;

osu.Desktop/Program.cs

@@ -74,7 +74,10 @@ namespace osu.Desktop
 
                     // we want to allow multiple instances to be started when in debug.
                     if (!DebugUtils.IsDebugBuild)
+                    {
+                        Logger.Log(@"osu! does not support multiple running instances.", LoggingTarget.Runtime, LogLevel.Error);
                         return 0;
+                    }
                 }
 
                 if (tournamentClient)

osu.Game.Benchmarks/BenchmarkMod.cs

@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Benchmarks
         [Params(1, 10, 100)]
         public int Times { get; set; }
 
-        [GlobalSetup]
-        public void GlobalSetup()
+        public override void SetUp()
         {
+            base.SetUp();
             mod = new OsuModDoubleTime();
         }
 

osu.Game.Benchmarks/BenchmarkRuleset.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using BenchmarkDotNet.Attributes;
+using BenchmarkDotNet.Engines;
+using osu.Game.Online.API;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Benchmarks
+{
+    public class BenchmarkRuleset : BenchmarkTest
+    {
+        private OsuRuleset ruleset;
+        private APIMod apiModDoubleTime;
+        private APIMod apiModDifficultyAdjust;
+
+        public override void SetUp()
+        {
+            base.SetUp();
+            ruleset = new OsuRuleset();
+            apiModDoubleTime = new APIMod { Acronym = "DT" };
+            apiModDifficultyAdjust = new APIMod { Acronym = "DA" };
+        }
+
+        [Benchmark]
+        public void BenchmarkToModDoubleTime()
+        {
+            apiModDoubleTime.ToMod(ruleset);
+        }
+
+        [Benchmark]
+        public void BenchmarkToModDifficultyAdjust()
+        {
+            apiModDifficultyAdjust.ToMod(ruleset);
+        }
+
+        [Benchmark]
+        public void BenchmarkGetAllMods()
+        {
+            ruleset.CreateAllMods().Consume(new Consumer());
+        }
+
+        [Benchmark]
+        public void BenchmarkGetAllModsForReference()
+        {
+            ruleset.AllMods.Consume(new Consumer());
+        }
+
+        [Benchmark]
+        public void BenchmarkGetForAcronym()
+        {
+            ruleset.CreateModFromAcronym("DT");
+        }
+
+        [Benchmark]
+        public void BenchmarkGetForType()
+        {
+            ruleset.CreateMod<ModDoubleTime>();
+        }
+    }
+}

osu.Game.Benchmarks/Program.cs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
+using BenchmarkDotNet.Configs;
 using BenchmarkDotNet.Running;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Benchmarks
@@ -11,7 +12,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Benchmarks
         {
             BenchmarkSwitcher
                 .FromAssembly(typeof(Program).Assembly)
-                .Run(args);
+                .Run(args, DefaultConfig.Instance.WithOption(ConfigOptions.DisableOptimizationsValidator, true));
         }
     }
 }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Tests/TestSceneCatcher.cs

@@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Tests
         {
             public IEnumerable<CaughtObject> CaughtObjects => this.ChildrenOfType<CaughtObject>();
 
-            public TestCatcher(DroppedObjectContainer droppedObjectTarget, BeatmapDifficulty difficulty)
+            public TestCatcher(DroppedObjectContainer droppedObjectTarget, IBeatmapDifficultyInfo difficulty)
                 : base(droppedObjectTarget, difficulty)
             {
             }
@@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Tests
 
         public class TestKiaiFruit : Fruit
         {
-            protected override void ApplyDefaultsToSelf(ControlPointInfo controlPointInfo, BeatmapDifficulty difficulty)
+            protected override void ApplyDefaultsToSelf(ControlPointInfo controlPointInfo, IBeatmapDifficultyInfo difficulty)
             {
                 controlPointInfo.Add(0, new EffectControlPoint { KiaiMode = true });
                 base.ApplyDefaultsToSelf(controlPointInfo, difficulty);

osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Tests/TestSceneCatcherArea.cs

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Tests
 
         private ScheduledDelegate addManyFruit;
 
-        private BeatmapDifficulty beatmapDifficulty;
+        private IBeatmapDifficultyInfo beatmapDifficulty;
 
         public TestSceneCatcherArea()
         {
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Tests
 
         private class TestCatcherArea : CatcherArea
         {
-            public TestCatcherArea(BeatmapDifficulty beatmapDifficulty)
+            public TestCatcherArea(IBeatmapDifficultyInfo beatmapDifficulty)
             {
                 var droppedObjectContainer = new DroppedObjectContainer();
                 Add(droppedObjectContainer);

osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch/Difficulty/CatchDifficultyCalculator.cs

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Difficulty
                 return new CatchDifficultyAttributes { Mods = mods, Skills = skills };
 
             // this is the same as osu!, so there's potential to share the implementation... maybe
-            double preempt = BeatmapDifficulty.DifficultyRange(beatmap.BeatmapInfo.BaseDifficulty.ApproachRate, 1800, 1200, 450) / clockRate;
+            double preempt = IBeatmapDifficultyInfo.DifficultyRange(beatmap.BeatmapInfo.BaseDifficulty.ApproachRate, 1800, 1200, 450) / clockRate;
 
             return new CatchDifficultyAttributes
             {
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Difficulty
 
             // In 2B beatmaps, it is possible that a normal Fruit is placed in the middle of a JuiceStream.
             foreach (var hitObject in beatmap.HitObjects
-                                             .SelectMany(obj => obj is JuiceStream stream ? stream.NestedHitObjects : new[] { obj })
+                                             .SelectMany(obj => obj is JuiceStream stream ? stream.NestedHitObjects.AsEnumerable() : new[] { obj })
                                              .Cast<CatchHitObject>()
                                              .OrderBy(x => x.StartTime))
             {

osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch/Edit/CatchEditorPlayfield.cs

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Edit
     public class CatchEditorPlayfield : CatchPlayfield
     {
         // TODO fixme: the size of the catcher is not changed when circle size is changed in setup screen.
-        public CatchEditorPlayfield(BeatmapDifficulty difficulty)
+        public CatchEditorPlayfield(IBeatmapDifficultyInfo difficulty)
             : base(difficulty)
         {
         }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch/Mods/CatchModRelax.cs

@@ -44,9 +44,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Mods
             }
 
             // disable keyboard controls
-            public bool OnPressed(CatchAction action) => true;
+            public bool OnPressed(KeyBindingPressEvent<CatchAction> e) => true;
 
-            public void OnReleased(CatchAction action)
+            public void OnReleased(KeyBindingReleaseEvent<CatchAction> e)
             {
             }
 

osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch/Objects/CatchHitObject.cs

@@ -128,11 +128,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Objects
         /// </summary>
         public int RandomSeed => (int)StartTime;
 
-        protected override void ApplyDefaultsToSelf(ControlPointInfo controlPointInfo, BeatmapDifficulty difficulty)
+        protected override void ApplyDefaultsToSelf(ControlPointInfo controlPointInfo, IBeatmapDifficultyInfo difficulty)
         {
             base.ApplyDefaultsToSelf(controlPointInfo, difficulty);
 
-            TimePreempt = (float)BeatmapDifficulty.DifficultyRange(difficulty.ApproachRate, 1800, 1200, 450);
+            TimePreempt = (float)IBeatmapDifficultyInfo.DifficultyRange(difficulty.ApproachRate, 1800, 1200, 450);
 
             Scale = (1.0f - 0.7f * (difficulty.CircleSize - 5) / 5) / 2;
         }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch/Objects/JuiceStream.cs

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Objects
         /// </summary>
         public double SpanDuration => Duration / this.SpanCount();
 
-        protected override void ApplyDefaultsToSelf(ControlPointInfo controlPointInfo, BeatmapDifficulty difficulty)
+        protected override void ApplyDefaultsToSelf(ControlPointInfo controlPointInfo, IBeatmapDifficultyInfo difficulty)
         {
             base.ApplyDefaultsToSelf(controlPointInfo, difficulty);
 

osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch/UI/CatchPlayfield.cs

@@ -34,9 +34,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.UI
 
         internal CatcherArea CatcherArea { get; private set; }
 
-        private readonly BeatmapDifficulty difficulty;
+        private readonly IBeatmapDifficultyInfo difficulty;
 
-        public CatchPlayfield(BeatmapDifficulty difficulty)
+        public CatchPlayfield(IBeatmapDifficultyInfo difficulty)
         {
             this.difficulty = difficulty;
         }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch/UI/Catcher.cs

@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.UI
         private readonly DrawablePool<CaughtBanana> caughtBananaPool;
         private readonly DrawablePool<CaughtDroplet> caughtDropletPool;
 
-        public Catcher([NotNull] DroppedObjectContainer droppedObjectTarget, BeatmapDifficulty difficulty = null)
+        public Catcher([NotNull] DroppedObjectContainer droppedObjectTarget, IBeatmapDifficultyInfo difficulty = null)
         {
             this.droppedObjectTarget = droppedObjectTarget;
 
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.UI
         /// <summary>
         /// Calculates the scale of the catcher based off the provided beatmap difficulty.
         /// </summary>
-        private static Vector2 calculateScale(BeatmapDifficulty difficulty) => new Vector2(1.0f - 0.7f * (difficulty.CircleSize - 5) / 5);
+        private static Vector2 calculateScale(IBeatmapDifficultyInfo difficulty) => new Vector2(1.0f - 0.7f * (difficulty.CircleSize - 5) / 5);
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Calculates the width of the area used for attempting catches in gameplay.
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.UI
         /// Calculates the width of the area used for attempting catches in gameplay.
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="difficulty">The beatmap difficulty.</param>
-        public static float CalculateCatchWidth(BeatmapDifficulty difficulty) => CalculateCatchWidth(calculateScale(difficulty));
+        public static float CalculateCatchWidth(IBeatmapDifficultyInfo difficulty) => CalculateCatchWidth(calculateScale(difficulty));
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Determine if this catcher can catch a <see cref="CatchHitObject"/> in the current position.

osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch/UI/CatcherArea.cs

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ using System;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
 using osu.Framework.Input.Bindings;
+using osu.Framework.Input.Events;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Judgements;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Objects.Drawables;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Replays;
@@ -144,9 +145,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.UI
                 Catcher.VisualDirection = Direction.Left;
         }
 
-        public bool OnPressed(CatchAction action)
+        public bool OnPressed(KeyBindingPressEvent<CatchAction> e)
         {
-            switch (action)
+            switch (e.Action)
             {
                 case CatchAction.MoveLeft:
                     currentDirection--;
@@ -164,9 +165,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.UI
             return false;
         }
 
-        public void OnReleased(CatchAction action)
+        public void OnReleased(KeyBindingReleaseEvent<CatchAction> e)
         {
-            switch (action)
+            switch (e.Action)
             {
                 case CatchAction.MoveLeft:
                     currentDirection++;

osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch/UI/DrawableCatchRuleset.cs

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.UI
             : base(ruleset, beatmap, mods)
         {
             Direction.Value = ScrollingDirection.Down;
-            TimeRange.Value = BeatmapDifficulty.DifficultyRange(beatmap.BeatmapInfo.BaseDifficulty.ApproachRate, 1800, 1200, 450);
+            TimeRange.Value = IBeatmapDifficultyInfo.DifficultyRange(beatmap.BeatmapInfo.BaseDifficulty.ApproachRate, 1800, 1200, 450);
         }
 
         protected override ReplayInputHandler CreateReplayInputHandler(Replay replay) => new CatchFramedReplayInputHandler(replay);

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests/Skinning/ManiaHitObjectTestScene.cs

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests.Skinning
                         {
                             c.Add(CreateHitObject().With(h =>
                             {
-                                h.HitObject.StartTime = START_TIME;
+                                h.HitObject.StartTime = Time.Current + 5000;
                                 h.AccentColour.Value = Color4.Orange;
                             }));
                         })
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests.Skinning
                         {
                             c.Add(CreateHitObject().With(h =>
                             {
-                                h.HitObject.StartTime = START_TIME;
+                                h.HitObject.StartTime = Time.Current + 5000;
                                 h.AccentColour.Value = Color4.Orange;
                             }));
                         })

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests/Skinning/ManiaSkinnableTestScene.cs

@@ -19,8 +19,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests.Skinning
     /// </summary>
     public abstract class ManiaSkinnableTestScene : SkinnableTestScene
     {
-        protected const double START_TIME = 1000000000;
-
         [Cached(Type = typeof(IScrollingInfo))]
         private readonly TestScrollingInfo scrollingInfo = new TestScrollingInfo();
 
@@ -55,27 +53,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests.Skinning
             public readonly Bindable<ScrollingDirection> Direction = new Bindable<ScrollingDirection>();
 
             IBindable<ScrollingDirection> IScrollingInfo.Direction => Direction;
-            IBindable<double> IScrollingInfo.TimeRange { get; } = new Bindable<double>(1000);
-            IScrollAlgorithm IScrollingInfo.Algorithm { get; } = new ZeroScrollAlgorithm();
-        }
-
-        private class ZeroScrollAlgorithm : IScrollAlgorithm
-        {
-            public double GetDisplayStartTime(double originTime, float offset, double timeRange, float scrollLength)
-                => double.MinValue;
-
-            public float GetLength(double startTime, double endTime, double timeRange, float scrollLength)
-                => scrollLength;
-
-            public float PositionAt(double time, double currentTime, double timeRange, float scrollLength)
-                => (float)((time - START_TIME) / timeRange) * scrollLength;
-
-            public double TimeAt(float position, double currentTime, double timeRange, float scrollLength)
-                => 0;
-
-            public void Reset()
-            {
-            }
+            IBindable<double> IScrollingInfo.TimeRange { get; } = new Bindable<double>(5000);
+            IScrollAlgorithm IScrollingInfo.Algorithm { get; } = new ConstantScrollAlgorithm();
         }
     }
 }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests/TestSceneDrawableManiaHitObject.cs

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 
 using NUnit.Framework;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
+using osu.Framework.Input.Events;
 using osu.Framework.Timing;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps.ControlPoints;
@@ -58,7 +59,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests
             AddStep("Hold key", () =>
             {
                 clock.CurrentTime = 0;
-                note.OnPressed(ManiaAction.Key1);
+                note.OnPressed(new KeyBindingPressEvent<ManiaAction>(GetContainingInputManager().CurrentState, ManiaAction.Key1));
             });
             AddStep("progress time", () => clock.CurrentTime = 500);
             AddAssert("head is visible", () => note.Head.Alpha == 1);

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests/TestSceneTimingBasedNoteColouring.cs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
+using System.Linq;
 using NUnit.Framework;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Allocation;
@@ -13,6 +14,10 @@ using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Objects;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Beatmaps;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Configuration;
 using osu.Framework.Bindables;
+using osu.Framework.Testing;
+using osu.Framework.Utils;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Objects.Drawables;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.UI;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests
 {
@@ -22,14 +27,65 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests
         [Resolved]
         private RulesetConfigCache configCache { get; set; }
 
-        private readonly Bindable<bool> configTimingBasedNoteColouring = new Bindable<bool>();
+        private Bindable<bool> configTimingBasedNoteColouring;
 
-        protected override void LoadComplete()
+        private ManualClock clock;
+        private DrawableManiaRuleset drawableRuleset;
+
+        [SetUpSteps]
+        public void SetUpSteps()
+        {
+            AddStep("setup hierarchy", () => Child = new Container
+            {
+                Clock = new FramedClock(clock = new ManualClock()),
+                RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                Children = new[]
+                {
+                    drawableRuleset = (DrawableManiaRuleset)Ruleset.Value.CreateInstance().CreateDrawableRulesetWith(createTestBeatmap())
+                }
+            });
+            AddStep("retrieve config bindable", () =>
+            {
+                var config = (ManiaRulesetConfigManager)configCache.GetConfigFor(Ruleset.Value.CreateInstance());
+                configTimingBasedNoteColouring = config.GetBindable<bool>(ManiaRulesetSetting.TimingBasedNoteColouring);
+            });
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestSimple()
+        {
+            AddStep("enable", () => configTimingBasedNoteColouring.Value = true);
+            AddStep("disable", () => configTimingBasedNoteColouring.Value = false);
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestToggleOffScreen()
+        {
+            AddStep("enable", () => configTimingBasedNoteColouring.Value = true);
+
+            seekTo(10000);
+            AddStep("disable", () => configTimingBasedNoteColouring.Value = false);
+            seekTo(0);
+            AddAssert("all notes not coloured", () => this.ChildrenOfType<DrawableNote>().All(note => note.Colour == Colour4.White));
+
+            seekTo(10000);
+            AddStep("enable again", () => configTimingBasedNoteColouring.Value = true);
+            seekTo(0);
+            AddAssert("some notes coloured", () => this.ChildrenOfType<DrawableNote>().Any(note => note.Colour != Colour4.White));
+        }
+
+        private void seekTo(double time)
+        {
+            AddStep($"seek to {time}", () => clock.CurrentTime = time);
+            AddUntilStep("wait for seek", () => Precision.AlmostEquals(drawableRuleset.FrameStableClock.CurrentTime, time, 1));
+        }
+
+        private ManiaBeatmap createTestBeatmap()
         {
             const double beat_length = 500;
 
-            var ruleset = new ManiaRuleset();
-
             var beatmap = new ManiaBeatmap(new StageDefinition { Columns = 1 })
             {
                 HitObjects =
@@ -45,7 +101,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests
                     new Note { StartTime = beat_length }
                 },
                 ControlPointInfo = new ControlPointInfo(),
-                BeatmapInfo = { Ruleset = ruleset.RulesetInfo },
+                BeatmapInfo = { Ruleset = Ruleset.Value },
             };
 
             foreach (var note in beatmap.HitObjects)
@@ -57,24 +113,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests
             {
                 BeatLength = beat_length
             });
-
-            Child = new Container
-            {
-                Clock = new FramedClock(new ManualClock()),
-                RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
-                Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
-                Origin = Anchor.Centre,
-                Children = new[]
-                {
-                    ruleset.CreateDrawableRulesetWith(beatmap)
-                }
-            };
-
-            var config = (ManiaRulesetConfigManager)configCache.GetConfigFor(Ruleset.Value.CreateInstance());
-            config.BindWith(ManiaRulesetSetting.TimingBasedNoteColouring, configTimingBasedNoteColouring);
-
-            AddStep("Enable", () => configTimingBasedNoteColouring.Value = true);
-            AddStep("Disable", () => configTimingBasedNoteColouring.Value = false);
+            return beatmap;
         }
     }
 }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Beatmaps/ManiaBeatmapConverter.cs

@@ -71,9 +71,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Beatmaps
             originalTargetColumns = TargetColumns;
         }
 
-        public static int GetColumnCountForNonConvert(BeatmapInfo beatmap)
+        public static int GetColumnCountForNonConvert(BeatmapInfo beatmapInfo)
         {
-            var roundedCircleSize = Math.Round(beatmap.BaseDifficulty.CircleSize);
+            var roundedCircleSize = Math.Round(beatmapInfo.BaseDifficulty.CircleSize);
             return (int)Math.Max(1, roundedCircleSize);
         }
 
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Beatmaps
 
         protected override Beatmap<ManiaHitObject> ConvertBeatmap(IBeatmap original, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
         {
-            BeatmapDifficulty difficulty = original.BeatmapInfo.BaseDifficulty;
+            IBeatmapDifficultyInfo difficulty = original.BeatmapInfo.BaseDifficulty;
 
             int seed = (int)MathF.Round(difficulty.DrainRate + difficulty.CircleSize) * 20 + (int)(difficulty.OverallDifficulty * 41.2) + (int)MathF.Round(difficulty.ApproachRate);
             Random = new FastRandom(seed);

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Beatmaps/Patterns/Legacy/PatternGenerator.cs

@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Beatmaps.Patterns.Legacy
                 if (drainTime == 0)
                     drainTime = 10000;
 
-                BeatmapDifficulty difficulty = OriginalBeatmap.BeatmapInfo.BaseDifficulty;
+                IBeatmapDifficultyInfo difficulty = OriginalBeatmap.BeatmapInfo.BaseDifficulty;
                 conversionDifficulty = ((difficulty.DrainRate + Math.Clamp(difficulty.ApproachRate, 4, 7)) / 1.5 + (double)OriginalBeatmap.HitObjects.Count / drainTime * 9f) / 38f * 5f / 1.15;
                 conversionDifficulty = Math.Min(conversionDifficulty.Value, 12);
 
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Beatmaps.Patterns.Legacy
         {
             lowerBound ??= RandomStart;
             upperBound ??= TotalColumns;
-            nextColumn ??= (_ => GetRandomColumn(lowerBound, upperBound));
+            nextColumn ??= _ => GetRandomColumn(lowerBound, upperBound);
 
             // Check for the initial column
             if (isValid(initialColumn))
@@ -176,7 +176,19 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Beatmaps.Patterns.Legacy
 
             return initialColumn;
 
-            bool isValid(int column) => validation?.Invoke(column) != false && !patterns.Any(p => p.ColumnHasObject(column));
+            bool isValid(int column)
+            {
+                if (validation?.Invoke(column) == false)
+                    return false;
+
+                foreach (var p in patterns)
+                {
+                    if (p.ColumnHasObject(column))
+                        return false;
+                }
+
+                return true;
+            }
         }
 
         /// <summary>

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Beatmaps/Patterns/Pattern.cs

@@ -12,46 +12,68 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Beatmaps.Patterns
     /// </summary>
     internal class Pattern
     {
-        private readonly List<ManiaHitObject> hitObjects = new List<ManiaHitObject>();
+        private List<ManiaHitObject> hitObjects;
+        private HashSet<int> containedColumns;
 
         /// <summary>
         /// All the hit objects contained in this pattern.
         /// </summary>
-        public IEnumerable<ManiaHitObject> HitObjects => hitObjects;
+        public IEnumerable<ManiaHitObject> HitObjects => hitObjects ?? Enumerable.Empty<ManiaHitObject>();
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Check whether a column of this patterns contains a hit object.
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="column">The column index.</param>
         /// <returns>Whether the column with index <paramref name="column"/> contains a hit object.</returns>
-        public bool ColumnHasObject(int column) => hitObjects.Exists(h => h.Column == column);
+        public bool ColumnHasObject(int column) => containedColumns?.Contains(column) == true;
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Amount of columns taken up by hit objects in this pattern.
         /// </summary>
-        public int ColumnWithObjects => HitObjects.GroupBy(h => h.Column).Count();
+        public int ColumnWithObjects => containedColumns?.Count ?? 0;
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Adds a hit object to this pattern.
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="hitObject">The hit object to add.</param>
-        public void Add(ManiaHitObject hitObject) => hitObjects.Add(hitObject);
+        public void Add(ManiaHitObject hitObject)
+        {
+            prepareStorage();
+
+            hitObjects.Add(hitObject);
+            containedColumns.Add(hitObject.Column);
+        }
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Copies hit object from another pattern to this one.
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="other">The other pattern.</param>
-        public void Add(Pattern other) => hitObjects.AddRange(other.HitObjects);
+        public void Add(Pattern other)
+        {
+            prepareStorage();
+
+            if (other.hitObjects != null)
+            {
+                hitObjects.AddRange(other.hitObjects);
+
+                foreach (var h in other.hitObjects)
+                    containedColumns.Add(h.Column);
+            }
+        }
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Clears this pattern, removing all hit objects.
         /// </summary>
-        public void Clear() => hitObjects.Clear();
+        public void Clear()
+        {
+            hitObjects?.Clear();
+            containedColumns?.Clear();
+        }
 
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Removes a hit object from this pattern.
-        /// </summary>
-        /// <param name="hitObject">The hit object to remove.</param>
-        public bool Remove(ManiaHitObject hitObject) => hitObjects.Remove(hitObject);
+        private void prepareStorage()
+        {
+            hitObjects ??= new List<ManiaHitObject>();
+            containedColumns ??= new HashSet<int>();
+        }
     }
 }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Difficulty/ManiaDifficultyCalculator.cs

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Difficulty
                 Mods = mods,
                 // Todo: This int cast is temporary to achieve 1:1 results with osu!stable, and should be removed in the future
                 GreatHitWindow = (int)Math.Ceiling(getHitWindow300(mods) / clockRate),
-                ScoreMultiplier = getScoreMultiplier(beatmap, mods),
+                ScoreMultiplier = getScoreMultiplier(mods),
                 MaxCombo = beatmap.HitObjects.Sum(h => h is HoldNote ? 2 : 1),
                 Skills = skills
             };
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Difficulty
 
         protected override Skill[] CreateSkills(IBeatmap beatmap, Mod[] mods, double clockRate) => new Skill[]
         {
-            new Strain(mods, ((ManiaBeatmap)beatmap).TotalColumns)
+            new Strain(mods, ((ManiaBeatmap)Beatmap).TotalColumns)
         };
 
         protected override Mod[] DifficultyAdjustmentMods
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Difficulty
             }
         }
 
-        private double getScoreMultiplier(IBeatmap beatmap, Mod[] mods)
+        private double getScoreMultiplier(Mod[] mods)
         {
             double scoreMultiplier = 1;
 
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Difficulty
                 }
             }
 
-            var maniaBeatmap = (ManiaBeatmap)beatmap;
+            var maniaBeatmap = (ManiaBeatmap)Beatmap;
             int diff = maniaBeatmap.TotalColumns - maniaBeatmap.OriginalTotalColumns;
 
             if (diff > 0)

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/ManiaFilterCriteria.cs

@@ -13,9 +13,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania
     {
         private FilterCriteria.OptionalRange<float> keys;
 
-        public bool Matches(BeatmapInfo beatmap)
+        public bool Matches(BeatmapInfo beatmapInfo)
         {
-            return !keys.HasFilter || (beatmap.RulesetID == new ManiaRuleset().LegacyID && keys.IsInRange(ManiaBeatmapConverter.GetColumnCountForNonConvert(beatmap)));
+            return !keys.HasFilter || (beatmapInfo.RulesetID == new ManiaRuleset().LegacyID && keys.IsInRange(ManiaBeatmapConverter.GetColumnCountForNonConvert(beatmapInfo)));
         }
 
         public bool TryParseCustomKeywordCriteria(string key, Operator op, string value)

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Objects/Drawables/DrawableHoldNote.cs

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ using osu.Framework.Bindables;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
 using osu.Framework.Input.Bindings;
+using osu.Framework.Input.Events;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Skinning.Default;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects.Drawables;
@@ -253,12 +254,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Objects.Drawables
                 HoldBrokenTime = Time.Current;
         }
 
-        public bool OnPressed(ManiaAction action)
+        public bool OnPressed(KeyBindingPressEvent<ManiaAction> e)
         {
             if (AllJudged)
                 return false;
 
-            if (action != Action.Value)
+            if (e.Action != Action.Value)
                 return false;
 
             // do not run any of this logic when rewinding, as it inverts order of presses/releases.
@@ -288,12 +289,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Objects.Drawables
             isHitting.Value = true;
         }
 
-        public void OnReleased(ManiaAction action)
+        public void OnReleased(KeyBindingReleaseEvent<ManiaAction> e)
         {
             if (AllJudged)
                 return;
 
-            if (action != Action.Value)
+            if (e.Action != Action.Value)
                 return;
 
             // do not run any of this logic when rewinding, as it inverts order of presses/releases.

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Objects/Drawables/DrawableHoldNoteHead.cs

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
+using osu.Framework.Input.Events;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects.Drawables;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Objects.Drawables
@@ -43,9 +44,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Objects.Drawables
             // it will be hidden along with its parenting hold note when required.
         }
 
-        public override bool OnPressed(ManiaAction action) => false; // Handled by the hold note
+        public override bool OnPressed(KeyBindingPressEvent<ManiaAction> e) => false; // Handled by the hold note
 
-        public override void OnReleased(ManiaAction action)
+        public override void OnReleased(KeyBindingReleaseEvent<ManiaAction> e)
         {
         }
     }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Objects/Drawables/DrawableHoldNoteTail.cs

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 
 using System.Diagnostics;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
+using osu.Framework.Input.Events;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Objects.Drawables
@@ -68,9 +69,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Objects.Drawables
             });
         }
 
-        public override bool OnPressed(ManiaAction action) => false; // Handled by the hold note
+        public override bool OnPressed(KeyBindingPressEvent<ManiaAction> e) => false; // Handled by the hold note
 
-        public override void OnReleased(ManiaAction action)
+        public override void OnReleased(KeyBindingReleaseEvent<ManiaAction> e)
         {
         }
     }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Objects/Drawables/DrawableNote.cs

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ using osu.Framework.Allocation;
 using osu.Framework.Bindables;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Input.Bindings;
+using osu.Framework.Input.Events;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
 using osu.Game.Graphics;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Configuration;
@@ -66,6 +67,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Objects.Drawables
             StartTimeBindable.BindValueChanged(_ => updateSnapColour(), true);
         }
 
+        protected override void OnApply()
+        {
+            base.OnApply();
+            updateSnapColour();
+        }
+
         protected override void OnDirectionChanged(ValueChangedEvent<ScrollingDirection> e)
         {
             base.OnDirectionChanged(e);
@@ -91,9 +98,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Objects.Drawables
             ApplyResult(r => r.Type = result);
         }
 
-        public virtual bool OnPressed(ManiaAction action)
+        public virtual bool OnPressed(KeyBindingPressEvent<ManiaAction> e)
         {
-            if (action != Action.Value)
+            if (e.Action != Action.Value)
                 return false;
 
             if (CheckHittable?.Invoke(this, Time.Current) == false)
@@ -102,7 +109,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Objects.Drawables
             return UpdateResult(true);
         }
 
-        public virtual void OnReleased(ManiaAction action)
+        public virtual void OnReleased(KeyBindingReleaseEvent<ManiaAction> e)
         {
         }
 

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Objects/HoldNote.cs

@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Objects
         /// </summary>
         private double tickSpacing = 50;
 
-        protected override void ApplyDefaultsToSelf(ControlPointInfo controlPointInfo, BeatmapDifficulty difficulty)
+        protected override void ApplyDefaultsToSelf(ControlPointInfo controlPointInfo, IBeatmapDifficultyInfo difficulty)
         {
             base.ApplyDefaultsToSelf(controlPointInfo, difficulty);
 

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Skinning/Legacy/LegacyColumnBackground.cs

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
 using osu.Framework.Input.Bindings;
+using osu.Framework.Input.Events;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.UI.Scrolling;
 using osu.Game.Skinning;
 using osuTK;
@@ -76,9 +77,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Skinning.Legacy
             }
         }
 
-        public bool OnPressed(ManiaAction action)
+        public bool OnPressed(KeyBindingPressEvent<ManiaAction> e)
         {
-            if (action == Column.Action.Value)
+            if (e.Action == Column.Action.Value)
             {
                 light.FadeIn();
                 light.ScaleTo(Vector2.One);
@@ -87,12 +88,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Skinning.Legacy
             return false;
         }
 
-        public void OnReleased(ManiaAction action)
+        public void OnReleased(KeyBindingReleaseEvent<ManiaAction> e)
         {
             // Todo: Should be 400 * 100 / CurrentBPM
             const double animation_length = 250;
 
-            if (action == Column.Action.Value)
+            if (e.Action == Column.Action.Value)
             {
                 light.FadeTo(0, animation_length);
                 light.ScaleTo(new Vector2(1, 0), animation_length);

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Skinning/Legacy/LegacyHoldNoteHeadPiece.cs

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
-using osu.Framework.Graphics.Textures;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Game.Skinning;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Skinning.Legacy
 {
     public class LegacyHoldNoteHeadPiece : LegacyNotePiece
     {
-        protected override Texture GetTexture(ISkinSource skin)
+        protected override Drawable GetAnimation(ISkinSource skin)
         {
             // TODO: Should fallback to the head from default legacy skin instead of note.
-            return GetTextureFromLookup(skin, LegacyManiaSkinConfigurationLookups.HoldNoteHeadImage)
-                   ?? GetTextureFromLookup(skin, LegacyManiaSkinConfigurationLookups.NoteImage);
+            return GetAnimationFromLookup(skin, LegacyManiaSkinConfigurationLookups.HoldNoteHeadImage)
+                   ?? GetAnimationFromLookup(skin, LegacyManiaSkinConfigurationLookups.NoteImage);
         }
     }
 }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Skinning/Legacy/LegacyHoldNoteTailPiece.cs

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
 using osu.Framework.Bindables;
-using osu.Framework.Graphics.Textures;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.UI.Scrolling;
 using osu.Game.Skinning;
 
@@ -18,12 +18,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Skinning.Legacy
                 : new ValueChangedEvent<ScrollingDirection>(ScrollingDirection.Up, ScrollingDirection.Up));
         }
 
-        protected override Texture GetTexture(ISkinSource skin)
+        protected override Drawable GetAnimation(ISkinSource skin)
         {
             // TODO: Should fallback to the head from default legacy skin instead of note.
-            return GetTextureFromLookup(skin, LegacyManiaSkinConfigurationLookups.HoldNoteTailImage)
-                   ?? GetTextureFromLookup(skin, LegacyManiaSkinConfigurationLookups.HoldNoteHeadImage)
-                   ?? GetTextureFromLookup(skin, LegacyManiaSkinConfigurationLookups.NoteImage);
+            return GetAnimationFromLookup(skin, LegacyManiaSkinConfigurationLookups.HoldNoteTailImage)
+                   ?? GetAnimationFromLookup(skin, LegacyManiaSkinConfigurationLookups.HoldNoteHeadImage)
+                   ?? GetAnimationFromLookup(skin, LegacyManiaSkinConfigurationLookups.NoteImage);
         }
     }
 }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Skinning/Legacy/LegacyKeyArea.cs

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
 using osu.Framework.Input.Bindings;
+using osu.Framework.Input.Events;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.UI;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.UI.Scrolling;
 using osu.Game.Skinning;
@@ -86,9 +87,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Skinning.Legacy
             }
         }
 
-        public bool OnPressed(ManiaAction action)
+        public bool OnPressed(KeyBindingPressEvent<ManiaAction> e)
         {
-            if (action == column.Action.Value)
+            if (e.Action == column.Action.Value)
             {
                 upSprite.FadeTo(0);
                 downSprite.FadeTo(1);
@@ -97,9 +98,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Skinning.Legacy
             return false;
         }
 
-        public void OnReleased(ManiaAction action)
+        public void OnReleased(KeyBindingReleaseEvent<ManiaAction> e)
         {
-            if (action == column.Action.Value)
+            if (e.Action == column.Action.Value)
             {
                 upSprite.Delay(LegacyHitExplosion.FADE_IN_DURATION).FadeTo(1);
                 downSprite.Delay(LegacyHitExplosion.FADE_IN_DURATION).FadeTo(0);

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Skinning/Legacy/LegacyNotePiece.cs

@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
+using JetBrains.Annotations;
 using osu.Framework.Allocation;
 using osu.Framework.Bindables;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Animations;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.OpenGL.Textures;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
@@ -19,7 +21,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Skinning.Legacy
         private readonly IBindable<ScrollingDirection> direction = new Bindable<ScrollingDirection>();
 
         private Container directionContainer;
-        private Sprite noteSprite;
+
+        [CanBeNull]
+        private Drawable noteAnimation;
 
         private float? minimumColumnWidth;
 
@@ -39,7 +43,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Skinning.Legacy
                 Origin = Anchor.BottomCentre,
                 RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.X,
                 AutoSizeAxes = Axes.Y,
-                Child = noteSprite = new Sprite { Texture = GetTexture(skin) }
+                Child = noteAnimation = GetAnimation(skin) ?? Empty()
             };
 
             direction.BindTo(scrollingInfo.Direction);
@@ -50,12 +54,18 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Skinning.Legacy
         {
             base.Update();
 
-            if (noteSprite.Texture != null)
+            Texture texture = null;
+
+            if (noteAnimation is Sprite sprite)
+                texture = sprite.Texture;
+            else if (noteAnimation is TextureAnimation textureAnimation && textureAnimation.FrameCount > 0)
+                texture = textureAnimation.CurrentFrame;
+
+            if (texture != null)
             {
                 // The height is scaled to the minimum column width, if provided.
                 float minimumWidth = minimumColumnWidth ?? DrawWidth;
-
-                noteSprite.Scale = Vector2.Divide(new Vector2(DrawWidth, minimumWidth), noteSprite.Texture.DisplayWidth);
+                noteAnimation.Scale = Vector2.Divide(new Vector2(DrawWidth, minimumWidth), texture.DisplayWidth);
             }
         }
 
@@ -73,9 +83,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Skinning.Legacy
             }
         }
 
-        protected virtual Texture GetTexture(ISkinSource skin) => GetTextureFromLookup(skin, LegacyManiaSkinConfigurationLookups.NoteImage);
+        [CanBeNull]
+        protected virtual Drawable GetAnimation(ISkinSource skin) => GetAnimationFromLookup(skin, LegacyManiaSkinConfigurationLookups.NoteImage);
 
-        protected Texture GetTextureFromLookup(ISkin skin, LegacyManiaSkinConfigurationLookups lookup)
+        [CanBeNull]
+        protected Drawable GetAnimationFromLookup(ISkin skin, LegacyManiaSkinConfigurationLookups lookup)
         {
             string suffix = string.Empty;
 
@@ -93,7 +105,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Skinning.Legacy
             string noteImage = GetColumnSkinConfig<string>(skin, lookup)?.Value
                                ?? $"mania-note{FallbackColumnIndex}{suffix}";
 
-            return skin.GetTexture(noteImage, WrapMode.ClampToEdge, WrapMode.ClampToEdge);
+            return skin.GetAnimation(noteImage, WrapMode.ClampToEdge, WrapMode.ClampToEdge, true, true);
         }
     }
 }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/UI/Column.cs

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ using osu.Framework.Allocation;
 using osu.Framework.Bindables;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Pooling;
 using osu.Framework.Input.Bindings;
+using osu.Framework.Input.Events;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Judgements;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.UI.Components;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.UI.Scrolling;
@@ -122,16 +123,16 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.UI
             HitObjectArea.Explosions.Add(hitExplosionPool.Get(e => e.Apply(result)));
         }
 
-        public bool OnPressed(ManiaAction action)
+        public bool OnPressed(KeyBindingPressEvent<ManiaAction> e)
         {
-            if (action != Action.Value)
+            if (e.Action != Action.Value)
                 return false;
 
             sampleTriggerSource.Play();
             return true;
         }
 
-        public void OnReleased(ManiaAction action)
+        public void OnReleased(KeyBindingReleaseEvent<ManiaAction> e)
         {
         }
 

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/UI/Components/ColumnBackground.cs

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ using osu.Framework.Graphics.Colour;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Shapes;
 using osu.Framework.Input.Bindings;
+using osu.Framework.Input.Events;
 using osu.Game.Graphics;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.UI.Scrolling;
 using osuTK.Graphics;
@@ -91,16 +92,16 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.UI.Components
                 direction.Value == ScrollingDirection.Up ? dimPoint : brightPoint);
         }
 
-        public bool OnPressed(ManiaAction action)
+        public bool OnPressed(KeyBindingPressEvent<ManiaAction> e)
         {
-            if (action == this.action.Value)
+            if (e.Action == action.Value)
                 backgroundOverlay.FadeTo(1, 50, Easing.OutQuint).Then().FadeTo(0.5f, 250, Easing.OutQuint);
             return false;
         }
 
-        public void OnReleased(ManiaAction action)
+        public void OnReleased(KeyBindingReleaseEvent<ManiaAction> e)
         {
-            if (action == this.action.Value)
+            if (e.Action == action.Value)
                 backgroundOverlay.FadeTo(0, 250, Easing.OutQuint);
         }
     }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/UI/Components/DefaultColumnBackground.cs

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ using osu.Framework.Graphics.Colour;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Shapes;
 using osu.Framework.Input.Bindings;
+using osu.Framework.Input.Events;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.UI.Scrolling;
 using osuTK.Graphics;
 
@@ -74,16 +75,16 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.UI.Components
             }
         }
 
-        public bool OnPressed(ManiaAction action)
+        public bool OnPressed(KeyBindingPressEvent<ManiaAction> e)
         {
-            if (action == column.Action.Value)
+            if (e.Action == column.Action.Value)
                 backgroundOverlay.FadeTo(1, 50, Easing.OutQuint).Then().FadeTo(0.5f, 250, Easing.OutQuint);
             return false;
         }
 
-        public void OnReleased(ManiaAction action)
+        public void OnReleased(KeyBindingReleaseEvent<ManiaAction> e)
         {
-            if (action == column.Action.Value)
+            if (e.Action == column.Action.Value)
                 backgroundOverlay.FadeTo(0, 250, Easing.OutQuint);
         }
     }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/UI/Components/DefaultKeyArea.cs

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Effects;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Shapes;
 using osu.Framework.Input.Bindings;
+using osu.Framework.Input.Events;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.UI.Scrolling;
 using osuTK;
 using osuTK.Graphics;
@@ -101,16 +102,16 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.UI.Components
             }
         }
 
-        public bool OnPressed(ManiaAction action)
+        public bool OnPressed(KeyBindingPressEvent<ManiaAction> e)
         {
-            if (action == column.Action.Value)
+            if (e.Action == column.Action.Value)
                 keyIcon.ScaleTo(1.4f, 50, Easing.OutQuint).Then().ScaleTo(1.3f, 250, Easing.OutQuint);
             return false;
         }
 
-        public void OnReleased(ManiaAction action)
+        public void OnReleased(KeyBindingReleaseEvent<ManiaAction> e)
         {
-            if (action == column.Action.Value)
+            if (e.Action == column.Action.Value)
                 keyIcon.ScaleTo(1f, 125, Easing.OutQuint);
         }
     }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests/Editor/Checks/CheckTooShortSpinnersTest.cs

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests.Editor.Checks
     public class CheckTooShortSpinnersTest
     {
         private CheckTooShortSpinners check;
-        private BeatmapDifficulty difficulty;
+        private IBeatmapDifficultyInfo difficulty;
 
         [SetUp]
         public void Setup()
@@ -81,12 +81,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests.Editor.Checks
             assertTooShort(new List<HitObject> { spinnerHighOd }, difficultyHighOd);
         }
 
-        private void assertOk(List<HitObject> hitObjects, BeatmapDifficulty beatmapDifficulty)
+        private void assertOk(List<HitObject> hitObjects, IBeatmapDifficultyInfo beatmapDifficulty)
         {
             Assert.That(check.Run(getContext(hitObjects, beatmapDifficulty)), Is.Empty);
         }
 
-        private void assertVeryShort(List<HitObject> hitObjects, BeatmapDifficulty beatmapDifficulty)
+        private void assertVeryShort(List<HitObject> hitObjects, IBeatmapDifficultyInfo beatmapDifficulty)
         {
             var issues = check.Run(getContext(hitObjects, beatmapDifficulty)).ToList();
 
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests.Editor.Checks
             Assert.That(issues.First().Template is CheckTooShortSpinners.IssueTemplateVeryShort);
         }
 
-        private void assertTooShort(List<HitObject> hitObjects, BeatmapDifficulty beatmapDifficulty)
+        private void assertTooShort(List<HitObject> hitObjects, IBeatmapDifficultyInfo beatmapDifficulty)
         {
             var issues = check.Run(getContext(hitObjects, beatmapDifficulty)).ToList();
 
@@ -102,12 +102,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests.Editor.Checks
             Assert.That(issues.First().Template is CheckTooShortSpinners.IssueTemplateTooShort);
         }
 
-        private BeatmapVerifierContext getContext(List<HitObject> hitObjects, BeatmapDifficulty beatmapDifficulty)
+        private BeatmapVerifierContext getContext(List<HitObject> hitObjects, IBeatmapDifficultyInfo beatmapDifficulty)
         {
             var beatmap = new Beatmap<HitObject>
             {
                 HitObjects = hitObjects,
-                BeatmapInfo = new BeatmapInfo { BaseDifficulty = beatmapDifficulty }
+                BeatmapInfo = new BeatmapInfo { BaseDifficulty = new BeatmapDifficulty(beatmapDifficulty) }
             };
 
             return new BeatmapVerifierContext(beatmap, new TestWorkingBeatmap(beatmap));

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests/Editor/TestSceneOsuEditorGrids.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using System.Linq;
+using NUnit.Framework;
+using osu.Framework.Testing;
+using osu.Framework.Utils;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Edit;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Edit.Blueprints.HitCircles;
+using osu.Game.Tests.Visual;
+using osuTK;
+using osuTK.Input;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests.Editor
+{
+    public class TestSceneOsuEditorGrids : EditorTestScene
+    {
+        protected override Ruleset CreateEditorRuleset() => new OsuRuleset();
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestGridExclusivity()
+        {
+            AddStep("enable distance snap grid", () => InputManager.Key(Key.T));
+            AddStep("select second object", () => EditorBeatmap.SelectedHitObjects.Add(EditorBeatmap.HitObjects.ElementAt(1)));
+            AddUntilStep("distance snap grid visible", () => this.ChildrenOfType<OsuDistanceSnapGrid>().Any());
+            rectangularGridActive(false);
+
+            AddStep("enable rectangular grid", () => InputManager.Key(Key.Y));
+            AddUntilStep("distance snap grid hidden", () => !this.ChildrenOfType<OsuDistanceSnapGrid>().Any());
+            rectangularGridActive(true);
+
+            AddStep("enable distance snap grid", () => InputManager.Key(Key.T));
+            AddStep("select second object", () => EditorBeatmap.SelectedHitObjects.Add(EditorBeatmap.HitObjects.ElementAt(1)));
+            AddUntilStep("distance snap grid visible", () => this.ChildrenOfType<OsuDistanceSnapGrid>().Any());
+            rectangularGridActive(false);
+        }
+
+        private void rectangularGridActive(bool active)
+        {
+            AddStep("choose placement tool", () => InputManager.Key(Key.Number2));
+            AddStep("move cursor to (1, 1)", () =>
+            {
+                var composer = Editor.ChildrenOfType<OsuRectangularPositionSnapGrid>().Single();
+                InputManager.MoveMouseTo(composer.ToScreenSpace(new Vector2(1, 1)));
+            });
+
+            if (active)
+                AddAssert("placement blueprint at (0, 0)", () => Precision.AlmostEquals(Editor.ChildrenOfType<HitCirclePlacementBlueprint>().Single().HitObject.Position, new Vector2(0, 0)));
+            else
+                AddAssert("placement blueprint at (1, 1)", () => Precision.AlmostEquals(Editor.ChildrenOfType<HitCirclePlacementBlueprint>().Single().HitObject.Position, new Vector2(1, 1)));
+
+            AddStep("choose selection tool", () => InputManager.Key(Key.Number1));
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestGridSizeToggling()
+        {
+            AddStep("enable rectangular grid", () => InputManager.Key(Key.Y));
+            AddUntilStep("rectangular grid visible", () => this.ChildrenOfType<OsuRectangularPositionSnapGrid>().Any());
+            gridSizeIs(4);
+
+            nextGridSizeIs(8);
+            nextGridSizeIs(16);
+            nextGridSizeIs(32);
+            nextGridSizeIs(4);
+        }
+
+        private void nextGridSizeIs(int size)
+        {
+            AddStep("toggle to next grid size", () => InputManager.Key(Key.G));
+            gridSizeIs(size);
+        }
+
+        private void gridSizeIs(int size)
+            => AddAssert($"grid size is {size}", () => this.ChildrenOfType<OsuRectangularPositionSnapGrid>().Single().Spacing == new Vector2(size)
+                                                       && EditorBeatmap.BeatmapInfo.GridSize == size);
+    }
+}

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests/Mods/TestSceneOsuModHidden.cs

@@ -4,13 +4,11 @@
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
 using NUnit.Framework;
-using osu.Framework.Testing;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects.Types;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Mods;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects;
-using osu.Game.Screens.Play;
 using osuTK;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests.Mods
@@ -122,7 +120,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests.Mods
         private bool checkSomeHit() => Player.ScoreProcessor.JudgedHits >= 4;
 
         private bool objectWithIncreasedVisibilityHasIndex(int index)
-            => Player.Mods.Value.OfType<TestOsuModHidden>().Single().FirstObject == Player.ChildrenOfType<GameplayBeatmap>().Single().HitObjects[index];
+            => Player.Mods.Value.OfType<TestOsuModHidden>().Single().FirstObject == Player.GameplayState.Beatmap.HitObjects[index];
 
         private class TestOsuModHidden : OsuModHidden
         {

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests/OsuDifficultyCalculatorTest.cs

@@ -15,13 +15,13 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests
     {
         protected override string ResourceAssembly => "osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu";
 
-        [TestCase(6.7568168283591499d, "diffcalc-test")]
-        [TestCase(1.0348244046058293d, "zero-length-sliders")]
+        [TestCase(6.6634445062299665d, "diffcalc-test")]
+        [TestCase(1.0414203870195022d, "zero-length-sliders")]
         public void Test(double expected, string name)
             => base.Test(expected, name);
 
-        [TestCase(8.4783236764532557d, "diffcalc-test")]
-        [TestCase(1.2708532136987165d, "zero-length-sliders")]
+        [TestCase(8.3858089051603368d, "diffcalc-test")]
+        [TestCase(1.2723279173428435d, "zero-length-sliders")]
         public void TestClockRateAdjusted(double expected, string name)
             => Test(expected, name, new OsuModDoubleTime());
 

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests/Resources/special-skin/skin.ini

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[General]
+Version: latest
+HitCircleOverlayAboveNumber: 0

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests/TestSceneAccuracyHeatmap.cs

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests
                 {
                     Position = new Vector2(100, 300),
                 },
-                accuracyHeatmap = new TestAccuracyHeatmap(new ScoreInfo { Beatmap = new TestBeatmap(new OsuRuleset().RulesetInfo).BeatmapInfo })
+                accuracyHeatmap = new TestAccuracyHeatmap(new ScoreInfo { BeatmapInfo = new TestBeatmap(new OsuRuleset().RulesetInfo).BeatmapInfo })
                 {
                     Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
                     Origin = Anchor.Centre,

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests/TestSceneCursorParticles.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using System;
+using System.Linq;
+using NUnit.Framework;
+using osu.Framework.Allocation;
+using osu.Framework.Testing;
+using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
+using osu.Game.Beatmaps.ControlPoints;
+using osu.Game.Beatmaps.Timing;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects.Drawables;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Skinning.Legacy;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.UI;
+using osu.Game.Skinning;
+using osuTK;
+using osuTK.Input;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests
+{
+    public class TestSceneCursorParticles : TestSceneOsuPlayer
+    {
+        protected override bool Autoplay => autoplay;
+        protected override bool HasCustomSteps => true;
+
+        private bool autoplay;
+        private IBeatmap currentBeatmap;
+
+        [Resolved]
+        private SkinManager skinManager { get; set; }
+
+        protected override IBeatmap CreateBeatmap(RulesetInfo ruleset) => currentBeatmap ?? base.CreateBeatmap(ruleset);
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestLegacyBreakParticles()
+        {
+            LegacyCursorParticles cursorParticles = null;
+
+            createLegacyTest(false, () => new Beatmap
+            {
+                Breaks =
+                {
+                    new BreakPeriod(8500, 10000),
+                },
+                HitObjects =
+                {
+                    new HitCircle
+                    {
+                        StartTime = 8000,
+                        Position = OsuPlayfield.BASE_SIZE / 2,
+                    },
+                    new HitCircle
+                    {
+                        StartTime = 11000,
+                        Position = OsuPlayfield.BASE_SIZE / 2,
+                    },
+                }
+            });
+
+            AddUntilStep("fetch cursor particles", () =>
+            {
+                cursorParticles = this.ChildrenOfType<LegacyCursorParticles>().SingleOrDefault();
+                return cursorParticles != null;
+            });
+
+            AddStep("move mouse to centre", () => InputManager.MoveMouseTo(Player.ScreenSpaceDrawQuad.Centre));
+
+            AddAssert("particles are being spawned", () => cursorParticles.Active);
+
+            AddStep("press left mouse button", () => InputManager.PressButton(MouseButton.Left));
+            AddWaitStep("wait a bit", 5);
+            AddStep("press right mouse button", () => InputManager.PressButton(MouseButton.Right));
+            AddWaitStep("wait a bit", 5);
+            AddStep("release left mouse button", () => InputManager.ReleaseButton(MouseButton.Left));
+            AddWaitStep("wait a bit", 5);
+            AddStep("release right mouse button", () => InputManager.ReleaseButton(MouseButton.Right));
+
+            AddUntilStep("wait for beatmap start", () => !Player.IsBreakTime.Value);
+            AddAssert("particle spawning stopped", () => !cursorParticles.Active);
+
+            AddUntilStep("wait for break", () => Player.IsBreakTime.Value);
+            AddAssert("particles are being spawned", () => cursorParticles.Active);
+
+            AddUntilStep("wait for break end", () => !Player.IsBreakTime.Value);
+            AddAssert("particle spawning stopped", () => !cursorParticles.Active);
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestLegacyKiaiParticles()
+        {
+            LegacyCursorParticles cursorParticles = null;
+            DrawableSpinner spinner = null;
+            DrawableSlider slider = null;
+
+            createLegacyTest(true, () =>
+                {
+                    var controlPointInfo = new ControlPointInfo();
+                    controlPointInfo.Add(0, new EffectControlPoint { KiaiMode = true });
+                    controlPointInfo.Add(5000, new EffectControlPoint { KiaiMode = false });
+
+                    return new Beatmap
+                    {
+                        ControlPointInfo = controlPointInfo,
+                        HitObjects =
+                        {
+                            new Spinner
+                            {
+                                StartTime = 0,
+                                Duration = 1000,
+                                Position = OsuPlayfield.BASE_SIZE / 2,
+                            },
+                            new Slider
+                            {
+                                StartTime = 2500,
+                                RepeatCount = 0,
+                                Position = OsuPlayfield.BASE_SIZE / 2,
+                                Path = new SliderPath(new[]
+                                {
+                                    new PathControlPoint(Vector2.Zero),
+                                    new PathControlPoint(new Vector2(100, 0)),
+                                })
+                            },
+                            new HitCircle
+                            {
+                                StartTime = 4500,
+                                Position = OsuPlayfield.BASE_SIZE / 2,
+                            },
+                        },
+                    };
+                }
+            );
+
+            AddUntilStep("fetch cursor particles", () =>
+            {
+                cursorParticles = this.ChildrenOfType<LegacyCursorParticles>().SingleOrDefault();
+                return cursorParticles != null;
+            });
+
+            AddUntilStep("wait for spinner tracking", () =>
+            {
+                spinner = this.ChildrenOfType<DrawableSpinner>().SingleOrDefault();
+                return spinner?.RotationTracker.Tracking == true;
+            });
+            AddAssert("particles are being spawned", () => cursorParticles.Active);
+
+            AddUntilStep("spinner tracking stopped", () => !spinner.RotationTracker.Tracking);
+            AddAssert("particle spawning stopped", () => !cursorParticles.Active);
+
+            AddUntilStep("wait for slider tracking", () =>
+            {
+                slider = this.ChildrenOfType<DrawableSlider>().SingleOrDefault();
+                return slider?.Tracking.Value == true;
+            });
+            AddAssert("particles are being spawned", () => cursorParticles.Active);
+
+            AddUntilStep("slider tracking stopped", () => !slider.Tracking.Value);
+            AddAssert("particle spawning stopped", () => !cursorParticles.Active);
+        }
+
+        private void createLegacyTest(bool autoplay, Func<IBeatmap> beatmap) => CreateTest(() =>
+        {
+            AddStep("set beatmap", () =>
+            {
+                this.autoplay = autoplay;
+                currentBeatmap = beatmap();
+            });
+            AddStep("setup default legacy skin", () =>
+            {
+                skinManager.CurrentSkinInfo.Value = skinManager.DefaultLegacySkin.SkinInfo;
+            });
+        });
+    }
+}

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests/TestSceneGameplayCursor.cs

@@ -12,10 +12,12 @@ using osu.Framework.Graphics.OpenGL.Textures;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Shapes;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Textures;
 using osu.Framework.Input;
+using osu.Framework.Input.Events;
 using osu.Framework.Testing.Input;
 using osu.Framework.Utils;
 using osu.Game.Audio;
 using osu.Game.Configuration;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Skinning;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.UI.Cursor;
 using osu.Game.Screens.Play;
@@ -28,7 +30,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests
     public class TestSceneGameplayCursor : OsuSkinnableTestScene
     {
         [Cached]
-        private GameplayBeatmap gameplayBeatmap;
+        private GameplayState gameplayState;
 
         private OsuCursorContainer lastContainer;
 
@@ -39,7 +41,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests
 
         public TestSceneGameplayCursor()
         {
-            gameplayBeatmap = new GameplayBeatmap(CreateBeatmap(new OsuRuleset().RulesetInfo));
+            var ruleset = new OsuRuleset();
+            gameplayState = new GameplayState(CreateBeatmap(ruleset.RulesetInfo), ruleset, Array.Empty<Mod>());
 
             AddStep("change background colour", () =>
             {
@@ -56,7 +59,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests
             AddSliderStep("circle size", 0f, 10f, 0f, val =>
             {
                 config.SetValue(OsuSetting.AutoCursorSize, true);
-                gameplayBeatmap.BeatmapInfo.BaseDifficulty.CircleSize = val;
+                gameplayState.Beatmap.BeatmapInfo.BaseDifficulty.CircleSize = val;
                 Scheduler.AddOnce(() => loadContent(false));
             });
 
@@ -72,7 +75,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests
         public void TestSizing(int circleSize, float userScale)
         {
             AddStep($"set user scale to {userScale}", () => config.SetValue(OsuSetting.GameplayCursorSize, userScale));
-            AddStep($"adjust cs to {circleSize}", () => gameplayBeatmap.BeatmapInfo.BaseDifficulty.CircleSize = circleSize);
+            AddStep($"adjust cs to {circleSize}", () => gameplayState.Beatmap.BeatmapInfo.BaseDifficulty.CircleSize = circleSize);
             AddStep("turn on autosizing", () => config.SetValue(OsuSetting.AutoCursorSize, true));
 
             AddStep("load content", () => loadContent());
@@ -143,9 +146,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests
 
                     pressed = value;
                     if (value)
-                        OnPressed(OsuAction.LeftButton);
+                        OnPressed(new KeyBindingPressEvent<OsuAction>(GetContainingInputManager().CurrentState, OsuAction.LeftButton));
                     else
-                        OnReleased(OsuAction.LeftButton);
+                        OnReleased(new KeyBindingReleaseEvent<OsuAction>(GetContainingInputManager().CurrentState, OsuAction.LeftButton));
                 }
             }
 

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests/TestSceneHitCircleArea.cs

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 using System;
 using NUnit.Framework;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
+using osu.Framework.Input.Events;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps.ControlPoints;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects;
@@ -97,7 +98,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests
         private void scheduleHit() => AddStep("schedule action", () =>
         {
             var delay = hitCircle.StartTime - hitCircle.HitWindows.WindowFor(HitResult.Great) - Time.Current;
-            Scheduler.AddDelayed(() => hitAreaReceptor.OnPressed(OsuAction.LeftButton), delay);
+            Scheduler.AddDelayed(() => hitAreaReceptor.OnPressed(new KeyBindingPressEvent<OsuAction>(GetContainingInputManager().CurrentState, OsuAction.LeftButton)), delay);
         });
     }
 }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests/TestSceneObjectOrderedHitPolicy.cs

@@ -452,7 +452,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests
 
         private class TestSpinner : Spinner
         {
-            protected override void ApplyDefaultsToSelf(ControlPointInfo controlPointInfo, BeatmapDifficulty difficulty)
+            protected override void ApplyDefaultsToSelf(ControlPointInfo controlPointInfo, IBeatmapDifficultyInfo difficulty)
             {
                 base.ApplyDefaultsToSelf(controlPointInfo, difficulty);
                 SpinsRequired = 1;

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests/TestSceneSkinFallbacks.cs

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ using osu.Game.Configuration;
 using osu.Game.Graphics;
 using osu.Game.Graphics.Sprites;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects.Drawables;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Skinning.Default;
 using osu.Game.Skinning;
 using osu.Game.Storyboards;
 using osu.Game.Tests.Visual;
@@ -86,9 +87,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests
                 if (firstObject == null)
                     return false;
 
-                var skinnable = firstObject.ApproachCircle.Child as SkinnableDrawable;
+                var skinnable = firstObject.ApproachCircle;
 
-                if (skin == null && skinnable?.Drawable is Sprite)
+                if (skin == null && skinnable?.Drawable is DefaultApproachCircle)
                     // check for default skin provider
                     return true;
 

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests/TestSceneStartTimeOrderedHitPolicy.cs

@@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests
 
         private class TestSpinner : Spinner
         {
-            protected override void ApplyDefaultsToSelf(ControlPointInfo controlPointInfo, BeatmapDifficulty difficulty)
+            protected override void ApplyDefaultsToSelf(ControlPointInfo controlPointInfo, IBeatmapDifficultyInfo difficulty)
             {
                 base.ApplyDefaultsToSelf(controlPointInfo, difficulty);
                 SpinsRequired = 1;

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Difficulty/OsuDifficultyAttributes.cs

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty
     {
         public double AimStrain { get; set; }
         public double SpeedStrain { get; set; }
+        public double FlashlightRating { get; set; }
         public double ApproachRate { get; set; }
         public double OverallDifficulty { get; set; }
         public int HitCircleCount { get; set; }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Difficulty/OsuDifficultyCalculator.cs

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty
     public class OsuDifficultyCalculator : DifficultyCalculator
     {
         private const double difficulty_multiplier = 0.0675;
+        private double hitWindowGreat;
 
         public OsuDifficultyCalculator(Ruleset ruleset, WorkingBeatmap beatmap)
             : base(ruleset, beatmap)
@@ -34,14 +35,25 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty
 
             double aimRating = Math.Sqrt(skills[0].DifficultyValue()) * difficulty_multiplier;
             double speedRating = Math.Sqrt(skills[1].DifficultyValue()) * difficulty_multiplier;
-            double starRating = aimRating + speedRating + Math.Abs(aimRating - speedRating) / 2;
+            double flashlightRating = Math.Sqrt(skills[2].DifficultyValue()) * difficulty_multiplier;
 
-            HitWindows hitWindows = new OsuHitWindows();
-            hitWindows.SetDifficulty(beatmap.BeatmapInfo.BaseDifficulty.OverallDifficulty);
+            double baseAimPerformance = Math.Pow(5 * Math.Max(1, aimRating / 0.0675) - 4, 3) / 100000;
+            double baseSpeedPerformance = Math.Pow(5 * Math.Max(1, speedRating / 0.0675) - 4, 3) / 100000;
+            double baseFlashlightPerformance = 0.0;
 
-            // Todo: These int casts are temporary to achieve 1:1 results with osu!stable, and should be removed in the future
-            double hitWindowGreat = (int)(hitWindows.WindowFor(HitResult.Great)) / clockRate;
-            double preempt = (int)BeatmapDifficulty.DifficultyRange(beatmap.BeatmapInfo.BaseDifficulty.ApproachRate, 1800, 1200, 450) / clockRate;
+            if (mods.Any(h => h is OsuModFlashlight))
+                baseFlashlightPerformance = Math.Pow(flashlightRating, 2.0) * 25.0;
+
+            double basePerformance =
+                Math.Pow(
+                    Math.Pow(baseAimPerformance, 1.1) +
+                    Math.Pow(baseSpeedPerformance, 1.1) +
+                    Math.Pow(baseFlashlightPerformance, 1.1), 1.0 / 1.1
+                );
+
+            double starRating = basePerformance > 0.00001 ? Math.Cbrt(1.12) * 0.027 * (Math.Cbrt(100000 / Math.Pow(2, 1 / 1.1) * basePerformance) + 4) : 0;
+
+            double preempt = (int)IBeatmapDifficultyInfo.DifficultyRange(beatmap.BeatmapInfo.BaseDifficulty.ApproachRate, 1800, 1200, 450) / clockRate;
 
             int maxCombo = beatmap.HitObjects.Count;
             // Add the ticks + tail of the slider. 1 is subtracted because the head circle would be counted twice (once for the slider itself in the line above)
@@ -56,6 +68,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty
                 Mods = mods,
                 AimStrain = aimRating,
                 SpeedStrain = speedRating,
+                FlashlightRating = flashlightRating,
                 ApproachRate = preempt > 1200 ? (1800 - preempt) / 120 : (1200 - preempt) / 150 + 5,
                 OverallDifficulty = (80 - hitWindowGreat) / 6,
                 MaxCombo = maxCombo,
@@ -79,11 +92,21 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty
             }
         }
 
-        protected override Skill[] CreateSkills(IBeatmap beatmap, Mod[] mods, double clockRate) => new Skill[]
+        protected override Skill[] CreateSkills(IBeatmap beatmap, Mod[] mods, double clockRate)
         {
-            new Aim(mods),
-            new Speed(mods)
-        };
+            HitWindows hitWindows = new OsuHitWindows();
+            hitWindows.SetDifficulty(beatmap.BeatmapInfo.BaseDifficulty.OverallDifficulty);
+
+            // Todo: These int casts are temporary to achieve 1:1 results with osu!stable, and should be removed in the future
+            hitWindowGreat = (int)(hitWindows.WindowFor(HitResult.Great)) / clockRate;
+
+            return new Skill[]
+            {
+                new Aim(mods),
+                new Speed(mods, hitWindowGreat),
+                new Flashlight(mods)
+            };
+        }
 
         protected override Mod[] DifficultyAdjustmentMods => new Mod[]
         {
@@ -91,6 +114,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty
             new OsuModHalfTime(),
             new OsuModEasy(),
             new OsuModHardRock(),
+            new OsuModFlashlight(),
         };
     }
 }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Difficulty/OsuPerformanceCalculator.cs

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty
             countMiss = Score.Statistics.GetValueOrDefault(HitResult.Miss);
 
             // Custom multipliers for NoFail and SpunOut.
-            double multiplier = 1.12; // This is being adjusted to keep the final pp value scaled around what it used to be when changing things
+            double multiplier = 1.12; // This is being adjusted to keep the final pp value scaled around what it used to be when changing things.
 
             if (mods.Any(m => m is OsuModNoFail))
                 multiplier *= Math.Max(0.90, 1.0 - 0.02 * countMiss);
@@ -52,11 +52,13 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty
             double aimValue = computeAimValue();
             double speedValue = computeSpeedValue();
             double accuracyValue = computeAccuracyValue();
+            double flashlightValue = computeFlashlightValue();
             double totalValue =
                 Math.Pow(
                     Math.Pow(aimValue, 1.1) +
                     Math.Pow(speedValue, 1.1) +
-                    Math.Pow(accuracyValue, 1.1), 1.0 / 1.1
+                    Math.Pow(accuracyValue, 1.1) +
+                    Math.Pow(flashlightValue, 1.1), 1.0 / 1.1
                 ) * multiplier;
 
             if (categoryRatings != null)
@@ -64,6 +66,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty
                 categoryRatings.Add("Aim", aimValue);
                 categoryRatings.Add("Speed", speedValue);
                 categoryRatings.Add("Accuracy", accuracyValue);
+                categoryRatings.Add("Flashlight", flashlightValue);
                 categoryRatings.Add("OD", Attributes.OverallDifficulty);
                 categoryRatings.Add("AR", Attributes.ApproachRate);
                 categoryRatings.Add("Max Combo", Attributes.MaxCombo);
@@ -81,7 +84,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty
 
             double aimValue = Math.Pow(5.0 * Math.Max(1.0, rawAim / 0.0675) - 4.0, 3.0) / 100000.0;
 
-            // Longer maps are worth more
+            // Longer maps are worth more.
             double lengthBonus = 0.95 + 0.4 * Math.Min(1.0, totalHits / 2000.0) +
                                  (totalHits > 2000 ? Math.Log10(totalHits / 2000.0) * 0.5 : 0.0);
 
@@ -91,7 +94,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty
             if (countMiss > 0)
                 aimValue *= 0.97 * Math.Pow(1 - Math.Pow((double)countMiss / totalHits, 0.775), countMiss);
 
-            // Combo scaling
+            // Combo scaling.
             if (Attributes.MaxCombo > 0)
                 aimValue *= Math.Min(Math.Pow(scoreMaxCombo, 0.8) / Math.Pow(Attributes.MaxCombo, 0.8), 1.0);
 
@@ -109,23 +112,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty
             if (mods.Any(h => h is OsuModHidden))
                 aimValue *= 1.0 + 0.04 * (12.0 - Attributes.ApproachRate);
 
-            double flashlightBonus = 1.0;
+            aimValue *= approachRateBonus;
 
-            if (mods.Any(h => h is OsuModFlashlight))
-            {
-                // Apply object-based bonus for flashlight.
-                flashlightBonus = 1.0 + 0.35 * Math.Min(1.0, totalHits / 200.0) +
-                                  (totalHits > 200
-                                      ? 0.3 * Math.Min(1.0, (totalHits - 200) / 300.0) +
-                                        (totalHits > 500 ? (totalHits - 500) / 1200.0 : 0.0)
-                                      : 0.0);
-            }
-
-            aimValue *= Math.Max(flashlightBonus, approachRateBonus);
-
-            // Scale the aim value with accuracy _slightly_
+            // Scale the aim value with accuracy _slightly_.
             aimValue *= 0.5 + accuracy / 2.0;
-            // It is important to also consider accuracy difficulty when doing that
+            // It is important to also consider accuracy difficulty when doing that.
             aimValue *= 0.98 + Math.Pow(Attributes.OverallDifficulty, 2) / 2500;
 
             return aimValue;
@@ -135,7 +126,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty
         {
             double speedValue = Math.Pow(5.0 * Math.Max(1.0, Attributes.SpeedStrain / 0.0675) - 4.0, 3.0) / 100000.0;
 
-            // Longer maps are worth more
+            // Longer maps are worth more.
             double lengthBonus = 0.95 + 0.4 * Math.Min(1.0, totalHits / 2000.0) +
                                  (totalHits > 2000 ? Math.Log10(totalHits / 2000.0) * 0.5 : 0.0);
             speedValue *= lengthBonus;
@@ -144,7 +135,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty
             if (countMiss > 0)
                 speedValue *= 0.97 * Math.Pow(1 - Math.Pow((double)countMiss / totalHits, 0.775), Math.Pow(countMiss, .875));
 
-            // Combo scaling
+            // Combo scaling.
             if (Attributes.MaxCombo > 0)
                 speedValue *= Math.Min(Math.Pow(scoreMaxCombo, 0.8) / Math.Pow(Attributes.MaxCombo, 0.8), 1.0);
 
@@ -159,7 +150,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty
             if (mods.Any(m => m is OsuModHidden))
                 speedValue *= 1.0 + 0.04 * (12.0 - Attributes.ApproachRate);
 
-            // Scale the speed value with accuracy and OD
+            // Scale the speed value with accuracy and OD.
             speedValue *= (0.95 + Math.Pow(Attributes.OverallDifficulty, 2) / 750) * Math.Pow(accuracy, (14.5 - Math.Max(Attributes.OverallDifficulty, 8)) / 2);
             // Scale the speed value with # of 50s to punish doubletapping.
             speedValue *= Math.Pow(0.98, countMeh < totalHits / 500.0 ? 0 : countMeh - totalHits / 500.0);
@@ -169,7 +160,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty
 
         private double computeAccuracyValue()
         {
-            // This percentage only considers HitCircles of any value - in this part of the calculation we focus on hitting the timing hit window
+            // This percentage only considers HitCircles of any value - in this part of the calculation we focus on hitting the timing hit window.
             double betterAccuracyPercentage;
             int amountHitObjectsWithAccuracy = Attributes.HitCircleCount;
 
@@ -178,15 +169,15 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty
             else
                 betterAccuracyPercentage = 0;
 
-            // It is possible to reach a negative accuracy with this formula. Cap it at zero - zero points
+            // It is possible to reach a negative accuracy with this formula. Cap it at zero - zero points.
             if (betterAccuracyPercentage < 0)
                 betterAccuracyPercentage = 0;
 
             // Lots of arbitrary values from testing.
-            // Considering to use derivation from perfect accuracy in a probabilistic manner - assume normal distribution
+            // Considering to use derivation from perfect accuracy in a probabilistic manner - assume normal distribution.
             double accuracyValue = Math.Pow(1.52163, Attributes.OverallDifficulty) * Math.Pow(betterAccuracyPercentage, 24) * 2.83;
 
-            // Bonus for many hitcircles - it's harder to keep good accuracy up for longer
+            // Bonus for many hitcircles - it's harder to keep good accuracy up for longer.
             accuracyValue *= Math.Min(1.15, Math.Pow(amountHitObjectsWithAccuracy / 1000.0, 0.3));
 
             if (mods.Any(m => m is OsuModHidden))
@@ -197,6 +188,42 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty
             return accuracyValue;
         }
 
+        private double computeFlashlightValue()
+        {
+            if (!mods.Any(h => h is OsuModFlashlight))
+                return 0.0;
+
+            double rawFlashlight = Attributes.FlashlightRating;
+
+            if (mods.Any(m => m is OsuModTouchDevice))
+                rawFlashlight = Math.Pow(rawFlashlight, 0.8);
+
+            double flashlightValue = Math.Pow(rawFlashlight, 2.0) * 25.0;
+
+            // Add an additional bonus for HDFL.
+            if (mods.Any(h => h is OsuModHidden))
+                flashlightValue *= 1.3;
+
+            // Penalize misses by assessing # of misses relative to the total # of objects. Default a 3% reduction for any # of misses.
+            if (countMiss > 0)
+                flashlightValue *= 0.97 * Math.Pow(1 - Math.Pow((double)countMiss / totalHits, 0.775), Math.Pow(countMiss, .875));
+
+            // Combo scaling.
+            if (Attributes.MaxCombo > 0)
+                flashlightValue *= Math.Min(Math.Pow(scoreMaxCombo, 0.8) / Math.Pow(Attributes.MaxCombo, 0.8), 1.0);
+
+            // Account for shorter maps having a higher ratio of 0 combo/100 combo flashlight radius.
+            flashlightValue *= 0.7 + 0.1 * Math.Min(1.0, totalHits / 200.0) +
+                               (totalHits > 200 ? 0.2 * Math.Min(1.0, (totalHits - 200) / 200.0) : 0.0);
+
+            // Scale the flashlight value with accuracy _slightly_.
+            flashlightValue *= 0.5 + accuracy / 2.0;
+            // It is important to also consider accuracy difficulty when doing that.
+            flashlightValue *= 0.98 + Math.Pow(Attributes.OverallDifficulty, 2) / 2500;
+
+            return flashlightValue;
+        }
+
         private int totalHits => countGreat + countOk + countMeh + countMiss;
         private int totalSuccessfulHits => countGreat + countOk + countMeh;
     }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Difficulty/Preprocessing/OsuDifficultyHitObject.cs

@@ -16,6 +16,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty.Preprocessing
 
         protected new OsuHitObject BaseObject => (OsuHitObject)base.BaseObject;
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Milliseconds elapsed since the start time of the previous <see cref="OsuDifficultyHitObject"/>, with a minimum of 25ms to account for simultaneous <see cref="OsuDifficultyHitObject"/>s.
+        /// </summary>
+        public double StrainTime { get; private set; }
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Normalized distance from the end position of the previous <see cref="OsuDifficultyHitObject"/> to the start position of this <see cref="OsuDifficultyHitObject"/>.
         /// </summary>
@@ -32,11 +37,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty.Preprocessing
         /// </summary>
         public double? Angle { get; private set; }
 
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Milliseconds elapsed since the start time of the previous <see cref="OsuDifficultyHitObject"/>, with a minimum of 50ms.
-        /// </summary>
-        public readonly double StrainTime;
-
         private readonly OsuHitObject lastLastObject;
         private readonly OsuHitObject lastObject;
 
@@ -48,8 +48,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty.Preprocessing
 
             setDistances();
 
-            // Every strain interval is hard capped at the equivalent of 375 BPM streaming speed as a safety measure
-            StrainTime = Math.Max(50, DeltaTime);
+            // Capped to 25ms to prevent difficulty calculation breaking from simulatenous objects.
+            StrainTime = Math.Max(DeltaTime, 25);
         }
 
         private void setDistances()

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Difficulty/Skills/Flashlight.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using System;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Difficulty.Preprocessing;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty.Preprocessing;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty.Skills
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Represents the skill required to memorise and hit every object in a map with the Flashlight mod enabled.
+    /// </summary>
+    public class Flashlight : OsuStrainSkill
+    {
+        public Flashlight(Mod[] mods)
+            : base(mods)
+        {
+        }
+
+        protected override double SkillMultiplier => 0.15;
+        protected override double StrainDecayBase => 0.15;
+        protected override double DecayWeight => 1.0;
+        protected override int HistoryLength => 10; // Look back for 10 notes is added for the sake of flashlight calculations.
+
+        protected override double StrainValueOf(DifficultyHitObject current)
+        {
+            if (current.BaseObject is Spinner)
+                return 0;
+
+            var osuCurrent = (OsuDifficultyHitObject)current;
+            var osuHitObject = (OsuHitObject)(osuCurrent.BaseObject);
+
+            double scalingFactor = 52.0 / osuHitObject.Radius;
+            double smallDistNerf = 1.0;
+            double cumulativeStrainTime = 0.0;
+
+            double result = 0.0;
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < Previous.Count; i++)
+            {
+                var osuPrevious = (OsuDifficultyHitObject)Previous[i];
+                var osuPreviousHitObject = (OsuHitObject)(osuPrevious.BaseObject);
+
+                if (!(osuPrevious.BaseObject is Spinner))
+                {
+                    double jumpDistance = (osuHitObject.StackedPosition - osuPreviousHitObject.EndPosition).Length;
+
+                    cumulativeStrainTime += osuPrevious.StrainTime;
+
+                    // We want to nerf objects that can be easily seen within the Flashlight circle radius.
+                    if (i == 0)
+                        smallDistNerf = Math.Min(1.0, jumpDistance / 75.0);
+
+                    // We also want to nerf stacks so that only the first object of the stack is accounted for.
+                    double stackNerf = Math.Min(1.0, (osuPrevious.JumpDistance / scalingFactor) / 25.0);
+
+                    result += Math.Pow(0.8, i) * stackNerf * scalingFactor * jumpDistance / cumulativeStrainTime;
+                }
+            }
+
+            return Math.Pow(smallDistNerf * result, 2.0);
+        }
+    }
+}

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Difficulty/Skills/Speed.cs

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ using osu.Game.Rulesets.Difficulty.Preprocessing;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty.Preprocessing;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects;
+using osu.Framework.Utils;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty.Skills
 {
@@ -26,12 +27,14 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty.Skills
         protected override double DifficultyMultiplier => 1.04;
 
         private const double min_speed_bonus = 75; // ~200BPM
-        private const double max_speed_bonus = 45; // ~330BPM
         private const double speed_balancing_factor = 40;
 
-        public Speed(Mod[] mods)
+        private readonly double greatWindow;
+
+        public Speed(Mod[] mods, double hitWindowGreat)
             : base(mods)
         {
+            greatWindow = hitWindowGreat;
         }
 
         protected override double StrainValueOf(DifficultyHitObject current)
@@ -40,13 +43,25 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty.Skills
                 return 0;
 
             var osuCurrent = (OsuDifficultyHitObject)current;
+            var osuPrevious = Previous.Count > 0 ? (OsuDifficultyHitObject)Previous[0] : null;
 
             double distance = Math.Min(single_spacing_threshold, osuCurrent.TravelDistance + osuCurrent.JumpDistance);
-            double deltaTime = Math.Max(max_speed_bonus, current.DeltaTime);
+            double strainTime = osuCurrent.StrainTime;
+
+            double greatWindowFull = greatWindow * 2;
+            double speedWindowRatio = strainTime / greatWindowFull;
+
+            // Aim to nerf cheesy rhythms (Very fast consecutive doubles with large deltatimes between)
+            if (osuPrevious != null && strainTime < greatWindowFull && osuPrevious.StrainTime > strainTime)
+                strainTime = Interpolation.Lerp(osuPrevious.StrainTime, strainTime, speedWindowRatio);
+
+            // Cap deltatime to the OD 300 hitwindow.
+            // 0.93 is derived from making sure 260bpm OD8 streams aren't nerfed harshly, whilst 0.92 limits the effect of the cap.
+            strainTime /= Math.Clamp((strainTime / greatWindowFull) / 0.93, 0.92, 1);
 
             double speedBonus = 1.0;
-            if (deltaTime < min_speed_bonus)
-                speedBonus = 1 + Math.Pow((min_speed_bonus - deltaTime) / speed_balancing_factor, 2);
+            if (strainTime < min_speed_bonus)
+                speedBonus = 1 + Math.Pow((min_speed_bonus - strainTime) / speed_balancing_factor, 2);
 
             double angleBonus = 1.0;
 
@@ -64,7 +79,10 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty.Skills
                 }
             }
 
-            return (1 + (speedBonus - 1) * 0.75) * angleBonus * (0.95 + speedBonus * Math.Pow(distance / single_spacing_threshold, 3.5)) / osuCurrent.StrainTime;
+            return (1 + (speedBonus - 1) * 0.75)
+                   * angleBonus
+                   * (0.95 + speedBonus * Math.Pow(distance / single_spacing_threshold, 3.5))
+                   / strainTime;
         }
     }
 }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Edit/Blueprints/Sliders/Components/PathControlPointVisualiser.cs

@@ -127,9 +127,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Edit.Blueprints.Sliders.Components
             return false;
         }
 
-        public bool OnPressed(PlatformAction action)
+        public bool OnPressed(KeyBindingPressEvent<PlatformAction> e)
         {
-            switch (action)
+            switch (e.Action)
             {
                 case PlatformAction.Delete:
                     return DeleteSelected();
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Edit.Blueprints.Sliders.Components
             return false;
         }
 
-        public void OnReleased(PlatformAction action)
+        public void OnReleased(KeyBindingReleaseEvent<PlatformAction> e)
         {
         }
 

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Edit/OsuHitObjectComposer.cs

@@ -42,10 +42,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Edit
         };
 
         private readonly Bindable<TernaryState> distanceSnapToggle = new Bindable<TernaryState>();
+        private readonly Bindable<TernaryState> rectangularGridSnapToggle = new Bindable<TernaryState>();
 
         protected override IEnumerable<TernaryButton> CreateTernaryButtons() => base.CreateTernaryButtons().Concat(new[]
         {
-            new TernaryButton(distanceSnapToggle, "Distance Snap", () => new SpriteIcon { Icon = FontAwesome.Solid.Ruler })
+            new TernaryButton(distanceSnapToggle, "Distance Snap", () => new SpriteIcon { Icon = FontAwesome.Solid.Ruler }),
+            new TernaryButton(rectangularGridSnapToggle, "Grid Snap", () => new SpriteIcon { Icon = FontAwesome.Solid.Th })
         });
 
         private BindableList<HitObject> selectedHitObjects;
@@ -63,6 +65,10 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Edit
                     PlayfieldBorderStyle = { Value = PlayfieldBorderStyle.Corners }
                 },
                 distanceSnapGridContainer = new Container
+                {
+                    RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both
+                },
+                rectangularPositionSnapGrid = new OsuRectangularPositionSnapGrid
                 {
                     RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both
                 }
@@ -73,7 +79,19 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Edit
 
             placementObject = EditorBeatmap.PlacementObject.GetBoundCopy();
             placementObject.ValueChanged += _ => updateDistanceSnapGrid();
-            distanceSnapToggle.ValueChanged += _ => updateDistanceSnapGrid();
+            distanceSnapToggle.ValueChanged += _ =>
+            {
+                updateDistanceSnapGrid();
+
+                if (distanceSnapToggle.Value == TernaryState.True)
+                    rectangularGridSnapToggle.Value = TernaryState.False;
+            };
+
+            rectangularGridSnapToggle.ValueChanged += _ =>
+            {
+                if (rectangularGridSnapToggle.Value == TernaryState.True)
+                    distanceSnapToggle.Value = TernaryState.False;
+            };
 
             // we may be entering the screen with a selection already active
             updateDistanceSnapGrid();
@@ -91,6 +109,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Edit
         private readonly Cached distanceSnapGridCache = new Cached();
         private double? lastDistanceSnapGridTime;
 
+        private RectangularPositionSnapGrid rectangularPositionSnapGrid;
+
         protected override void Update()
         {
             base.Update();
@@ -122,13 +142,19 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Edit
             if (positionSnap.ScreenSpacePosition != screenSpacePosition)
                 return positionSnap;
 
-            // will be null if distance snap is disabled or not feasible for the current time value.
-            if (distanceSnapGrid == null)
-                return base.SnapScreenSpacePositionToValidTime(screenSpacePosition);
+            if (distanceSnapToggle.Value == TernaryState.True && distanceSnapGrid != null)
+            {
+                (Vector2 pos, double time) = distanceSnapGrid.GetSnappedPosition(distanceSnapGrid.ToLocalSpace(screenSpacePosition));
+                return new SnapResult(distanceSnapGrid.ToScreenSpace(pos), time, PlayfieldAtScreenSpacePosition(screenSpacePosition));
+            }
 
-            (Vector2 pos, double time) = distanceSnapGrid.GetSnappedPosition(distanceSnapGrid.ToLocalSpace(screenSpacePosition));
+            if (rectangularGridSnapToggle.Value == TernaryState.True)
+            {
+                Vector2 pos = rectangularPositionSnapGrid.GetSnappedPosition(rectangularPositionSnapGrid.ToLocalSpace(screenSpacePosition));
+                return new SnapResult(rectangularPositionSnapGrid.ToScreenSpace(pos), null, PlayfieldAtScreenSpacePosition(screenSpacePosition));
+            }
 
-            return new SnapResult(distanceSnapGrid.ToScreenSpace(pos), time, PlayfieldAtScreenSpacePosition(screenSpacePosition));
+            return base.SnapScreenSpacePositionToValidTime(screenSpacePosition);
         }
 
         private bool snapToVisibleBlueprints(Vector2 screenSpacePosition, out SnapResult snapResult)

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Edit/OsuRectangularPositionSnapGrid.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using System;
+using osu.Framework.Allocation;
+using osu.Framework.Input.Bindings;
+using osu.Framework.Input.Events;
+using osu.Game.Input.Bindings;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.UI;
+using osu.Game.Screens.Edit;
+using osu.Game.Screens.Edit.Compose.Components;
+using osuTK;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Edit
+{
+    public class OsuRectangularPositionSnapGrid : RectangularPositionSnapGrid, IKeyBindingHandler<GlobalAction>
+    {
+        private static readonly int[] grid_sizes = { 4, 8, 16, 32 };
+
+        private int currentGridSizeIndex = grid_sizes.Length - 1;
+
+        [Resolved]
+        private EditorBeatmap editorBeatmap { get; set; }
+
+        public OsuRectangularPositionSnapGrid()
+            : base(OsuPlayfield.BASE_SIZE / 2)
+        {
+        }
+
+        [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
+        private void load()
+        {
+            var gridSizeIndex = Array.IndexOf(grid_sizes, editorBeatmap.BeatmapInfo.GridSize);
+            if (gridSizeIndex >= 0)
+                currentGridSizeIndex = gridSizeIndex;
+            updateSpacing();
+        }
+
+        private void nextGridSize()
+        {
+            currentGridSizeIndex = (currentGridSizeIndex + 1) % grid_sizes.Length;
+            updateSpacing();
+        }
+
+        private void updateSpacing()
+        {
+            int gridSize = grid_sizes[currentGridSizeIndex];
+
+            editorBeatmap.BeatmapInfo.GridSize = gridSize;
+            Spacing = new Vector2(gridSize);
+        }
+
+        public bool OnPressed(KeyBindingPressEvent<GlobalAction> e)
+        {
+            switch (e.Action)
+            {
+                case GlobalAction.EditorCycleGridDisplayMode:
+                    nextGridSize();
+                    return true;
+            }
+
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        public void OnReleased(KeyBindingReleaseEvent<GlobalAction> e)
+        {
+        }
+    }
+}

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Mods/OsuModTarget.cs

@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Mods
 
         #region Reduce AR (IApplicableToDifficulty)
 
-        public void ReadFromDifficulty(BeatmapDifficulty difficulty)
+        public void ReadFromDifficulty(IBeatmapDifficultyInfo difficulty)
         {
         }
 

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Objects/Drawables/DrawableHitCircle.cs

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
 using osu.Framework.Input;
 using osu.Framework.Input.Bindings;
+using osu.Framework.Input.Events;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Judgements;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects.Drawables;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Judgements;
@@ -25,7 +26,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects.Drawables
         public OsuAction? HitAction => HitArea.HitAction;
         protected virtual OsuSkinComponents CirclePieceComponent => OsuSkinComponents.HitCircle;
 
-        public ApproachCircle ApproachCircle { get; private set; }
+        public SkinnableDrawable ApproachCircle { get; private set; }
         public HitReceptor HitArea { get; private set; }
         public SkinnableDrawable CirclePiece { get; private set; }
 
@@ -74,8 +75,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects.Drawables
                             Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
                             Origin = Anchor.Centre,
                         },
-                        ApproachCircle = new ApproachCircle
+                        ApproachCircle = new ProxyableSkinnableDrawable(new OsuSkinComponent(OsuSkinComponents.ApproachCircle), _ => new DefaultApproachCircle())
                         {
+                            Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                            Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                            RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
                             Alpha = 0,
                             Scale = new Vector2(4),
                         }
@@ -88,7 +92,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects.Drawables
             PositionBindable.BindValueChanged(_ => Position = HitObject.StackedPosition);
             StackHeightBindable.BindValueChanged(_ => Position = HitObject.StackedPosition);
             ScaleBindable.BindValueChanged(scale => scaleContainer.Scale = new Vector2(scale.NewValue));
-            AccentColour.BindValueChanged(accent => ApproachCircle.Colour = accent.NewValue);
         }
 
         protected override void LoadComplete()
@@ -228,15 +231,15 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects.Drawables
                 CornerExponent = 2;
             }
 
-            public bool OnPressed(OsuAction action)
+            public bool OnPressed(KeyBindingPressEvent<OsuAction> e)
             {
-                switch (action)
+                switch (e.Action)
                 {
                     case OsuAction.LeftButton:
                     case OsuAction.RightButton:
                         if (IsHovered && (Hit?.Invoke() ?? false))
                         {
-                            HitAction = action;
+                            HitAction = e.Action;
                             return true;
                         }
 
@@ -246,7 +249,17 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects.Drawables
                 return false;
             }
 
-            public void OnReleased(OsuAction action)
+            public void OnReleased(KeyBindingReleaseEvent<OsuAction> e)
+            {
+            }
+        }
+
+        private class ProxyableSkinnableDrawable : SkinnableDrawable
+        {
+            public override bool RemoveWhenNotAlive => false;
+
+            public ProxyableSkinnableDrawable(ISkinComponent component, Func<ISkinComponent, Drawable> defaultImplementation = null, ConfineMode confineMode = ConfineMode.NoScaling)
+                : base(component, defaultImplementation, confineMode)
             {
             }
         }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Objects/Drawables/DrawableSlider.cs

@@ -32,6 +32,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects.Drawables
         public SliderBall Ball { get; private set; }
         public SkinnableDrawable Body { get; private set; }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// A target container which can be used to add top level elements to the slider's display.
+        /// Intended to be used for proxy purposes only.
+        /// </summary>
+        public Container OverlayElementContainer { get; private set; }
+
         public override bool DisplayResult => !HitObject.OnlyJudgeNestedObjects;
 
         [CanBeNull]
@@ -65,6 +71,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects.Drawables
                 tailContainer = new Container<DrawableSliderTail> { RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both },
                 tickContainer = new Container<DrawableSliderTick> { RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both },
                 repeatContainer = new Container<DrawableSliderRepeat> { RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both },
+                headContainer = new Container<DrawableSliderHead> { RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both },
+                OverlayElementContainer = new Container { RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both, },
                 Ball = new SliderBall(this)
                 {
                     GetInitialHitAction = () => HeadCircle.HitAction,
@@ -72,7 +80,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects.Drawables
                     AlwaysPresent = true,
                     Alpha = 0
                 },
-                headContainer = new Container<DrawableSliderHead> { RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both },
                 slidingSample = new PausableSkinnableSound { Looping = true }
             };
 
@@ -179,6 +186,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects.Drawables
             tailContainer.Clear(false);
             repeatContainer.Clear(false);
             tickContainer.Clear(false);
+
+            OverlayElementContainer.Clear(false);
         }
 
         protected override DrawableHitObject CreateNestedHitObject(HitObject hitObject)

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Objects/Drawables/DrawableSliderHead.cs

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects.Drawables
         [CanBeNull]
         public Slider Slider => DrawableSlider?.HitObject;
 
-        protected DrawableSlider DrawableSlider => (DrawableSlider)ParentHitObject;
+        public DrawableSlider DrawableSlider => (DrawableSlider)ParentHitObject;
 
         public override bool DisplayResult => HitObject?.JudgeAsNormalHitCircle ?? base.DisplayResult;
 

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Objects/Drawables/DrawableSliderRepeat.cs

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects.Drawables
         [CanBeNull]
         public Slider Slider => DrawableSlider?.HitObject;
 
-        protected DrawableSlider DrawableSlider => (DrawableSlider)ParentHitObject;
+        public DrawableSlider DrawableSlider => (DrawableSlider)ParentHitObject;
 
         private double animDuration;
 

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Objects/OsuHitObject.cs

@@ -122,11 +122,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects
             });
         }
 
-        protected override void ApplyDefaultsToSelf(ControlPointInfo controlPointInfo, BeatmapDifficulty difficulty)
+        protected override void ApplyDefaultsToSelf(ControlPointInfo controlPointInfo, IBeatmapDifficultyInfo difficulty)
         {
             base.ApplyDefaultsToSelf(controlPointInfo, difficulty);
 
-            TimePreempt = (float)BeatmapDifficulty.DifficultyRange(difficulty.ApproachRate, 1800, 1200, PREEMPT_MIN);
+            TimePreempt = (float)IBeatmapDifficultyInfo.DifficultyRange(difficulty.ApproachRate, 1800, 1200, PREEMPT_MIN);
 
             // Preempt time can go below 450ms. Normally, this is achieved via the DT mod which uniformly speeds up all animations game wide regardless of AR.
             // This uniform speedup is hard to match 1:1, however we can at least make AR>10 (via mods) feel good by extending the upper linear function above.

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Objects/Slider.cs

@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects
             Path.Version.ValueChanged += _ => updateNestedPositions();
         }
 
-        protected override void ApplyDefaultsToSelf(ControlPointInfo controlPointInfo, BeatmapDifficulty difficulty)
+        protected override void ApplyDefaultsToSelf(ControlPointInfo controlPointInfo, IBeatmapDifficultyInfo difficulty)
         {
             base.ApplyDefaultsToSelf(controlPointInfo, difficulty);
 

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Objects/SliderEndCircle.cs

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects
 
         public double SpanDuration => slider.SpanDuration;
 
-        protected override void ApplyDefaultsToSelf(ControlPointInfo controlPointInfo, BeatmapDifficulty difficulty)
+        protected override void ApplyDefaultsToSelf(ControlPointInfo controlPointInfo, IBeatmapDifficultyInfo difficulty)
         {
             base.ApplyDefaultsToSelf(controlPointInfo, difficulty);
 

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Objects/SliderTick.cs

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects
         public int SpanIndex { get; set; }
         public double SpanStartTime { get; set; }
 
-        protected override void ApplyDefaultsToSelf(ControlPointInfo controlPointInfo, BeatmapDifficulty difficulty)
+        protected override void ApplyDefaultsToSelf(ControlPointInfo controlPointInfo, IBeatmapDifficultyInfo difficulty)
         {
             base.ApplyDefaultsToSelf(controlPointInfo, difficulty);
 

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Objects/Spinner.cs

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects
         /// </summary>
         public int MaximumBonusSpins { get; protected set; } = 1;
 
-        protected override void ApplyDefaultsToSelf(ControlPointInfo controlPointInfo, BeatmapDifficulty difficulty)
+        protected override void ApplyDefaultsToSelf(ControlPointInfo controlPointInfo, IBeatmapDifficultyInfo difficulty)
         {
             base.ApplyDefaultsToSelf(controlPointInfo, difficulty);
 
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects
 
             double secondsDuration = Duration / 1000;
 
-            double minimumRotationsPerSecond = stable_matching_fudge * BeatmapDifficulty.DifficultyRange(difficulty.OverallDifficulty, 3, 5, 7.5);
+            double minimumRotationsPerSecond = stable_matching_fudge * IBeatmapDifficultyInfo.DifficultyRange(difficulty.OverallDifficulty, 3, 5, 7.5);
 
             SpinsRequired = (int)(secondsDuration * minimumRotationsPerSecond);
             MaximumBonusSpins = (int)((maximum_rotations_per_second - minimumRotationsPerSecond) * secondsDuration);

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/OsuSkinComponents.cs

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu
         FollowPoint,
         Cursor,
         CursorTrail,
+        CursorParticles,
         SliderScorePoint,
         ReverseArrow,
         HitCircleText,
@@ -18,5 +19,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu
         SliderBall,
         SliderBody,
         SpinnerBody,
+        ApproachCircle,
     }
 }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Skinning/Default/ApproachCircle.cs

@@ -1,50 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
-// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
-
-using osu.Framework.Allocation;
-using osu.Framework.Graphics;
-using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
-using osu.Framework.Graphics.Textures;
-using osu.Game.Skinning;
-using osuTK;
-
-namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Skinning.Default
-{
-    public class ApproachCircle : Container
-    {
-        public override bool RemoveWhenNotAlive => false;
-
-        public ApproachCircle()
-        {
-            Anchor = Anchor.Centre;
-            Origin = Anchor.Centre;
-
-            RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both;
-        }
-
-        [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
-        private void load(TextureStore textures)
-        {
-            Child = new SkinnableApproachCircle();
-        }
-
-        private class SkinnableApproachCircle : SkinnableSprite
-        {
-            public SkinnableApproachCircle()
-                : base("Gameplay/osu/approachcircle")
-            {
-            }
-
-            protected override Drawable CreateDefault(ISkinComponent component)
-            {
-                var drawable = base.CreateDefault(component);
-
-                // account for the sprite being used for the default approach circle being taken from stable,
-                // when hitcircles have 5px padding on each size. this should be removed if we update the sprite.
-                drawable.Scale = new Vector2(128 / 118f);
-
-                return drawable;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Skinning/Default/DefaultApproachCircle.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using osu.Framework.Allocation;
+using osu.Framework.Bindables;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects.Drawables;
+using osu.Game.Skinning;
+using osuTK;
+using osuTK.Graphics;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Skinning.Default
+{
+    public class DefaultApproachCircle : SkinnableSprite
+    {
+        private readonly IBindable<Color4> accentColour = new Bindable<Color4>();
+
+        [Resolved]
+        private DrawableHitObject drawableObject { get; set; }
+
+        public DefaultApproachCircle()
+            : base("Gameplay/osu/approachcircle")
+        {
+        }
+
+        [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
+        private void load()
+        {
+            accentColour.BindTo(drawableObject.AccentColour);
+        }
+
+        protected override void LoadComplete()
+        {
+            base.LoadComplete();
+            accentColour.BindValueChanged(colour => Colour = colour.NewValue, true);
+        }
+
+        protected override Drawable CreateDefault(ISkinComponent component)
+        {
+            var drawable = base.CreateDefault(component);
+
+            // Although this is a non-legacy component, osu-resources currently stores approach circle as a legacy-like texture.
+            // See LegacyApproachCircle for documentation as to why this is required.
+            drawable.Scale = new Vector2(128 / 118f);
+
+            return drawable;
+        }
+    }
+}

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Skinning/Legacy/LegacyApproachCircle.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using osu.Framework.Allocation;
+using osu.Framework.Bindables;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects.Drawables;
+using osu.Game.Skinning;
+using osuTK;
+using osuTK.Graphics;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Skinning.Legacy
+{
+    public class LegacyApproachCircle : SkinnableSprite
+    {
+        private readonly IBindable<Color4> accentColour = new Bindable<Color4>();
+
+        [Resolved]
+        private DrawableHitObject drawableObject { get; set; }
+
+        public LegacyApproachCircle()
+            : base("Gameplay/osu/approachcircle")
+        {
+        }
+
+        [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
+        private void load()
+        {
+            accentColour.BindTo(drawableObject.AccentColour);
+        }
+
+        protected override void LoadComplete()
+        {
+            base.LoadComplete();
+            accentColour.BindValueChanged(colour => Colour = LegacyColourCompatibility.DisallowZeroAlpha(colour.NewValue), true);
+        }
+
+        protected override Drawable CreateDefault(ISkinComponent component)
+        {
+            var drawable = base.CreateDefault(component);
+
+            // account for the sprite being used for the default approach circle being taken from stable,
+            // when hitcircles have 5px padding on each size. this should be removed if we update the sprite.
+            drawable.Scale = new Vector2(128 / 118f);
+
+            return drawable;
+        }
+    }
+}

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Skinning/Legacy/LegacyCursorParticles.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,253 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using System;
+using System.Linq;
+using osu.Framework.Allocation;
+using osu.Framework.Bindables;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Textures;
+using osu.Framework.Input;
+using osu.Framework.Input.Bindings;
+using osu.Framework.Input.Events;
+using osu.Framework.Utils;
+using osu.Game.Graphics;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects.Drawables;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects.Drawables;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.UI;
+using osu.Game.Screens.Play;
+using osu.Game.Skinning;
+using osuTK;
+using osuTK.Graphics;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Skinning.Legacy
+{
+    public class LegacyCursorParticles : CompositeDrawable, IKeyBindingHandler<OsuAction>
+    {
+        public bool Active => breakSpewer?.Active.Value == true || kiaiSpewer?.Active.Value == true;
+
+        private LegacyCursorParticleSpewer breakSpewer;
+        private LegacyCursorParticleSpewer kiaiSpewer;
+
+        [Resolved(canBeNull: true)]
+        private Player player { get; set; }
+
+        [Resolved(canBeNull: true)]
+        private OsuPlayfield playfield { get; set; }
+
+        [Resolved(canBeNull: true)]
+        private GameplayState gameplayState { get; set; }
+
+        [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
+        private void load(ISkinSource skin, OsuColour colours)
+        {
+            var texture = skin.GetTexture("star2");
+            var starBreakAdditive = skin.GetConfig<OsuSkinColour, Color4>(OsuSkinColour.StarBreakAdditive)?.Value ?? new Color4(255, 182, 193, 255);
+
+            if (texture != null)
+            {
+                // stable "magic ratio". see OsuPlayfieldAdjustmentContainer for full explanation.
+                texture.ScaleAdjust *= 1.6f;
+            }
+
+            InternalChildren = new[]
+            {
+                breakSpewer = new LegacyCursorParticleSpewer(texture, 20)
+                {
+                    Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                    Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                    Colour = starBreakAdditive,
+                    Direction = SpewDirection.None,
+                },
+                kiaiSpewer = new LegacyCursorParticleSpewer(texture, 60)
+                {
+                    Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                    Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                    Colour = starBreakAdditive,
+                    Direction = SpewDirection.None,
+                },
+            };
+
+            if (player != null)
+                ((IBindable<bool>)breakSpewer.Active).BindTo(player.IsBreakTime);
+        }
+
+        protected override void Update()
+        {
+            if (playfield == null || gameplayState == null) return;
+
+            DrawableHitObject kiaiHitObject = null;
+
+            // Check whether currently in a kiai section first. This is only done as an optimisation to avoid enumerating AliveObjects when not necessary.
+            if (gameplayState.Beatmap.ControlPointInfo.EffectPointAt(Time.Current).KiaiMode)
+                kiaiHitObject = playfield.HitObjectContainer.AliveObjects.FirstOrDefault(isTracking);
+
+            kiaiSpewer.Active.Value = kiaiHitObject != null;
+        }
+
+        private bool isTracking(DrawableHitObject h)
+        {
+            if (!h.HitObject.Kiai)
+                return false;
+
+            switch (h)
+            {
+                case DrawableSlider slider:
+                    return slider.Tracking.Value;
+
+                case DrawableSpinner spinner:
+                    return spinner.RotationTracker.Tracking;
+            }
+
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        public bool OnPressed(KeyBindingPressEvent<OsuAction> e)
+        {
+            handleInput(e.Action, true);
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        public void OnReleased(KeyBindingReleaseEvent<OsuAction> e)
+        {
+            handleInput(e.Action, false);
+        }
+
+        private bool leftPressed;
+        private bool rightPressed;
+
+        private void handleInput(OsuAction action, bool pressed)
+        {
+            switch (action)
+            {
+                case OsuAction.LeftButton:
+                    leftPressed = pressed;
+                    break;
+
+                case OsuAction.RightButton:
+                    rightPressed = pressed;
+                    break;
+            }
+
+            if (leftPressed && rightPressed)
+                breakSpewer.Direction = SpewDirection.Omni;
+            else if (leftPressed)
+                breakSpewer.Direction = SpewDirection.Left;
+            else if (rightPressed)
+                breakSpewer.Direction = SpewDirection.Right;
+            else
+                breakSpewer.Direction = SpewDirection.None;
+        }
+
+        private class LegacyCursorParticleSpewer : ParticleSpewer, IRequireHighFrequencyMousePosition
+        {
+            private const int particle_duration_min = 300;
+            private const int particle_duration_max = 1000;
+
+            public SpewDirection Direction { get; set; }
+
+            protected override bool CanSpawnParticles => base.CanSpawnParticles && cursorScreenPosition.HasValue;
+            protected override float ParticleGravity => 240;
+
+            public LegacyCursorParticleSpewer(Texture texture, int perSecond)
+                : base(texture, perSecond, particle_duration_max)
+            {
+                Active.BindValueChanged(_ => resetVelocityCalculation());
+            }
+
+            private Vector2? cursorScreenPosition;
+            private Vector2 cursorVelocity;
+
+            private const double max_velocity_frame_length = 15;
+            private double velocityFrameLength;
+            private Vector2 totalPosDifference;
+
+            public override bool ReceivePositionalInputAt(Vector2 screenSpacePos) => true;
+
+            protected override bool OnMouseMove(MouseMoveEvent e)
+            {
+                if (cursorScreenPosition == null)
+                {
+                    cursorScreenPosition = e.ScreenSpaceMousePosition;
+                    return base.OnMouseMove(e);
+                }
+
+                // calculate cursor velocity.
+                totalPosDifference += e.ScreenSpaceMousePosition - cursorScreenPosition.Value;
+                cursorScreenPosition = e.ScreenSpaceMousePosition;
+
+                velocityFrameLength += Math.Abs(Clock.ElapsedFrameTime);
+
+                if (velocityFrameLength > max_velocity_frame_length)
+                {
+                    cursorVelocity = totalPosDifference / (float)velocityFrameLength;
+
+                    totalPosDifference = Vector2.Zero;
+                    velocityFrameLength = 0;
+                }
+
+                return base.OnMouseMove(e);
+            }
+
+            private void resetVelocityCalculation()
+            {
+                cursorScreenPosition = null;
+                totalPosDifference = Vector2.Zero;
+                velocityFrameLength = 0;
+            }
+
+            protected override FallingParticle CreateParticle() =>
+                new FallingParticle
+                {
+                    StartPosition = ToLocalSpace(cursorScreenPosition ?? Vector2.Zero),
+                    Duration = RNG.NextSingle(particle_duration_min, particle_duration_max),
+                    StartAngle = (float)(RNG.NextDouble() * 4 - 2),
+                    EndAngle = RNG.NextSingle(-2f, 2f),
+                    EndScale = RNG.NextSingle(2f),
+                    Velocity = getVelocity(),
+                };
+
+            private Vector2 getVelocity()
+            {
+                Vector2 velocity = Vector2.Zero;
+
+                switch (Direction)
+                {
+                    case SpewDirection.Left:
+                        velocity = new Vector2(
+                            RNG.NextSingle(-460f, 0),
+                            RNG.NextSingle(-40f, 40f)
+                        );
+                        break;
+
+                    case SpewDirection.Right:
+                        velocity = new Vector2(
+                            RNG.NextSingle(0, 460f),
+                            RNG.NextSingle(-40f, 40f)
+                        );
+                        break;
+
+                    case SpewDirection.Omni:
+                        velocity = new Vector2(
+                            RNG.NextSingle(-460f, 460f),
+                            RNG.NextSingle(-160f, 160f)
+                        );
+                        break;
+                }
+
+                velocity += cursorVelocity * 40;
+
+                return velocity;
+            }
+        }
+
+        private enum SpewDirection
+        {
+            None,
+            Left,
+            Right,
+            Omni,
+        }
+    }
+}

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Skinning/Legacy/LegacyMainCirclePiece.cs

@@ -33,10 +33,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Skinning.Legacy
             Size = new Vector2(OsuHitObject.OBJECT_RADIUS * 2);
         }
 
-        private Container circleSprites;
         private Drawable hitCircleSprite;
-        private Drawable hitCircleOverlay;
 
+        protected Container OverlayLayer { get; private set; }
+
+        private Drawable hitCircleOverlay;
         private SkinnableSpriteText hitCircleText;
 
         private readonly Bindable<Color4> accentColour = new Bindable<Color4>();
@@ -70,34 +71,30 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Skinning.Legacy
             // expected behaviour in this scenario is not showing the overlay, rather than using hitcircleoverlay.png (potentially from the default/fall-through skin).
             Texture overlayTexture = getTextureWithFallback("overlay");
 
-            InternalChildren = new Drawable[]
+            InternalChildren = new[]
             {
-                circleSprites = new Container
+                hitCircleSprite = new KiaiFlashingSprite
+                {
+                    Texture = baseTexture,
+                    Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                    Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                },
+                OverlayLayer = new Container
                 {
                     Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
                     Origin = Anchor.Centre,
-                    RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
-                    Children = new[]
+                    Child = hitCircleOverlay = new KiaiFlashingSprite
                     {
-                        hitCircleSprite = new KiaiFlashingSprite
-                        {
-                            Texture = baseTexture,
-                            Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
-                            Origin = Anchor.Centre,
-                        },
-                        hitCircleOverlay = new KiaiFlashingSprite
-                        {
-                            Texture = overlayTexture,
-                            Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
-                            Origin = Anchor.Centre,
-                        }
-                    }
-                },
+                        Texture = overlayTexture,
+                        Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                        Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                    },
+                }
             };
 
             if (hasNumber)
             {
-                AddInternal(hitCircleText = new SkinnableSpriteText(new OsuSkinComponent(OsuSkinComponents.HitCircleText), _ => new OsuSpriteText
+                OverlayLayer.Add(hitCircleText = new SkinnableSpriteText(new OsuSkinComponent(OsuSkinComponents.HitCircleText), _ => new OsuSpriteText
                 {
                     Font = OsuFont.Numeric.With(size: 40),
                     UseFullGlyphHeight = false,
@@ -111,7 +108,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Skinning.Legacy
             bool overlayAboveNumber = skin.GetConfig<OsuSkinConfiguration, bool>(OsuSkinConfiguration.HitCircleOverlayAboveNumber)?.Value ?? true;
 
             if (overlayAboveNumber)
-                AddInternal(hitCircleOverlay.CreateProxy());
+                OverlayLayer.ChangeChildDepth(hitCircleOverlay, float.MinValue);
 
             accentColour.BindTo(drawableObject.AccentColour);
             indexInCurrentCombo.BindTo(drawableOsuObject.IndexInCurrentComboBindable);
@@ -153,8 +150,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Skinning.Legacy
                 switch (state)
                 {
                     case ArmedState.Hit:
-                        circleSprites.FadeOut(legacy_fade_duration, Easing.Out);
-                        circleSprites.ScaleTo(1.4f, legacy_fade_duration, Easing.Out);
+                        hitCircleSprite.FadeOut(legacy_fade_duration, Easing.Out);
+                        hitCircleSprite.ScaleTo(1.4f, legacy_fade_duration, Easing.Out);
+
+                        hitCircleOverlay.FadeOut(legacy_fade_duration, Easing.Out);
+                        hitCircleOverlay.ScaleTo(1.4f, legacy_fade_duration, Easing.Out);
 
                         if (hasNumber)
                         {

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Skinning/Legacy/LegacyReverseArrow.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using System.Diagnostics;
+using osu.Framework.Allocation;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects.Drawables;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects.Drawables;
+using osu.Game.Skinning;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Skinning.Legacy
+{
+    public class LegacyReverseArrow : CompositeDrawable
+    {
+        [Resolved(canBeNull: true)]
+        private DrawableHitObject drawableHitObject { get; set; }
+
+        private Drawable proxy;
+
+        [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
+        private void load(ISkinSource skinSource)
+        {
+            AutoSizeAxes = Axes.Both;
+
+            string lookupName = new OsuSkinComponent(OsuSkinComponents.ReverseArrow).LookupName;
+
+            var skin = skinSource.FindProvider(s => s.GetTexture(lookupName) != null);
+            InternalChild = skin?.GetAnimation(lookupName, true, true) ?? Empty();
+        }
+
+        protected override void LoadComplete()
+        {
+            base.LoadComplete();
+
+            proxy = CreateProxy();
+
+            if (drawableHitObject != null)
+            {
+                drawableHitObject.HitObjectApplied += onHitObjectApplied;
+                onHitObjectApplied(drawableHitObject);
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void onHitObjectApplied(DrawableHitObject drawableObject)
+        {
+            Debug.Assert(proxy.Parent == null);
+
+            // see logic in LegacySliderHeadHitCircle.
+            (drawableObject as DrawableSliderRepeat)?.DrawableSlider
+                                                    .OverlayElementContainer.Add(proxy);
+        }
+
+        protected override void Dispose(bool isDisposing)
+        {
+            base.Dispose(isDisposing);
+            if (drawableHitObject != null)
+                drawableHitObject.HitObjectApplied -= onHitObjectApplied;
+        }
+    }
+}