Merge pull request #15894 from peppy/combine-similarly-named-tests

Combine similarly named `StatefulMultiplayerClient` tests
Combine similarly named StatefulMultiplayerClient tests
2026-05-20 09:20:15 +08:00 · 2021-12-02 15:30:39 +09:00 · 2021-12-02 14:53:07 +09:00 · 2021-12-01 22:51:24 +09:00 · 2021-12-01 21:05:41 +09:00 · 2021-12-01 20:17:38 +09:00
503 changed files with 9800 additions and 4462 deletions
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ updates:
  schedule:
    interval: monthly
    time: "17:00"
-  open-pull-requests-limit: 99
+  open-pull-requests-limit: 0 # disabled until https://github.com/dependabot/dependabot-core/issues/369 is resolved.
  ignore:
  - dependency-name: Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Design
    versions:
@@ -52,28 +52,31 @@ jobs:

  build-only-android:
    name: Build only (Android)
-    runs-on: windows-latest
+    runs-on: macos-latest
    timeout-minutes: 60
    steps:
      - name: Checkout
        uses: actions/checkout@v2

+      # Pin Xamarin.Android version to 11.2 for now to avoid build failures caused by a Xamarin-side regression.
+      # See: https://github.com/xamarin/xamarin-android/issues/6284
+      # This can be removed/reverted when the fix makes it to upstream and is deployed on github runners.
+      - name: Set default Xamarin SDK version
+        run: |
+            $VM_ASSETS/select-xamarin-sdk-v2.sh --mono=6.12 --android=11.2
+
      - name: Install .NET 5.0.x
        uses: actions/setup-dotnet@v1
        with:
          dotnet-version: "5.0.x"

-      - name: Setup MSBuild
-        uses: microsoft/setup-msbuild@v1
-
+      # Contrary to seemingly any other msbuild, msbuild running on macOS/Mono
+      # cannot accept .sln(f) files as arguments.
+      # Build just the main game for now.
      - name: Build
-        run: msbuild osu.Android.slnf /restore /p:Configuration=Debug
+        run: msbuild osu.Android/osu.Android.csproj /restore /p:Configuration=Debug

  build-only-ios:
-    # While this workflow technically *can* run, it fails as iOS builds are blocked by multiple issues.
-    # See https://github.com/ppy/osu-framework/issues/4677 for the details.
-    # The job can be unblocked once those issues are resolved and game deployments can happen again.
-    if: false
    name: Build only (iOS)
    runs-on: macos-latest
    timeout-minutes: 60
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+osu.iOS
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project version="4">
+  <component name="UserContentModel">
+    <attachedFolders />
+    <explicitIncludes />
+    <explicitExcludes />
+  </component>
+</project>
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project version="4">
+  <component name="com.jetbrains.rider.android.RiderAndroidMiscFileCreationComponent">
+    <option name="ENSURE_MISC_FILE_EXISTS" value="true" />
+  </component>
+</project>
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project version="4">
+  <component name="RiderProjectSettingsUpdater">
+    <option name="vcsConfiguration" value="2" />
+  </component>
+</project>
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project version="4">
+  <component name="VcsDirectoryMappings">
+    <mapping directory="$PROJECT_DIR$" vcs="Git" />
+  </component>
+</project>
@@ -8,4 +8,8 @@ M:osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites.SpriteText.#ctor;Use OsuSpriteText.
 M:osu.Framework.Bindables.IBindableList`1.GetBoundCopy();Fails on iOS. Use manual ctor + BindTo instead. (see https://github.com/mono/mono/issues/19900)
 T:Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Internal.EnumerableExtensions;Don't use internal extension methods.
 T:Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Internal.TypeExtensions;Don't use internal extension methods.
-M:System.Enum.HasFlag(System.Enum);Use osu.Framework.Extensions.EnumExtensions.HasFlagFast<T>() instead.
+T:NuGet.Packaging.CollectionExtensions;Don't use internal extension methods.
+M:System.Enum.HasFlag(System.Enum);Use osu.Framework.Extensions.EnumExtensions.HasFlagFast<T>() instead.
+M:Realms.IRealmCollection`1.SubscribeForNotifications`1(Realms.NotificationCallbackDelegate{``0});Use osu.Game.Database.RealmObjectExtensions.QueryAsyncWithNotifications(IRealmCollection<T>,NotificationCallbackDelegate<T>) instead.
+M:Realms.CollectionExtensions.SubscribeForNotifications`1(System.Linq.IQueryable{``0},Realms.NotificationCallbackDelegate{``0});Use osu.Game.Database.RealmObjectExtensions.QueryAsyncWithNotifications(IQueryable<T>,NotificationCallbackDelegate<T>) instead.
+M:Realms.CollectionExtensions.SubscribeForNotifications`1(System.Collections.Generic.IList{``0},Realms.NotificationCallbackDelegate{``0});Use osu.Game.Database.RealmObjectExtensions.QueryAsyncWithNotifications(IList<T>,NotificationCallbackDelegate<T>) instead.
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
    <PackageReference Include="Appveyor.TestLogger" Version="2.0.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk" Version="17.0.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="NUnit" Version="3.13.2" />
-    <PackageReference Include="NUnit3TestAdapter" Version="4.0.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="NUnit3TestAdapter" Version="4.1.0" />
    <PackageReference Update="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Sqlite" Version="2.1.4" />
  </ItemGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
@@ -13,14 +13,14 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.EmptyFreeform
 {
    public class EmptyFreeformDifficultyCalculator : DifficultyCalculator
    {
-        public EmptyFreeformDifficultyCalculator(Ruleset ruleset, WorkingBeatmap beatmap)
+        public EmptyFreeformDifficultyCalculator(IRulesetInfo ruleset, IWorkingBeatmap beatmap)
            : base(ruleset, beatmap)
        {
        }

        protected override DifficultyAttributes CreateDifficultyAttributes(IBeatmap beatmap, Mod[] mods, Skill[] skills, double clockRate)
        {
-            return new DifficultyAttributes(mods, skills, 0);
+            return new DifficultyAttributes(mods, 0);
        }

        protected override IEnumerable<DifficultyHitObject> CreateDifficultyHitObjects(IBeatmap beatmap, double clockRate) => Enumerable.Empty<DifficultyHitObject>();
@@ -30,8 +30,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.EmptyFreeform
        public override IBeatmapConverter CreateBeatmapConverter(IBeatmap beatmap) =>
            new EmptyFreeformBeatmapConverter(beatmap, this);

-        public override DifficultyCalculator CreateDifficultyCalculator(WorkingBeatmap beatmap) =>
-            new EmptyFreeformDifficultyCalculator(this, beatmap);
+        public override DifficultyCalculator CreateDifficultyCalculator(IWorkingBeatmap beatmap) =>
+            new EmptyFreeformDifficultyCalculator(RulesetInfo, beatmap);

        public override IEnumerable<Mod> GetModsFor(ModType type)
        {
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
    <PackageReference Include="Appveyor.TestLogger" Version="2.0.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk" Version="17.0.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="NUnit" Version="3.13.2" />
-    <PackageReference Include="NUnit3TestAdapter" Version="4.0.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="NUnit3TestAdapter" Version="4.1.0" />
    <PackageReference Update="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Sqlite" Version="2.1.4" />
  </ItemGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
@@ -13,14 +13,14 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Pippidon
 {
    public class PippidonDifficultyCalculator : DifficultyCalculator
    {
-        public PippidonDifficultyCalculator(Ruleset ruleset, WorkingBeatmap beatmap)
+        public PippidonDifficultyCalculator(IRulesetInfo ruleset, IWorkingBeatmap beatmap)
            : base(ruleset, beatmap)
        {
        }

        protected override DifficultyAttributes CreateDifficultyAttributes(IBeatmap beatmap, Mod[] mods, Skill[] skills, double clockRate)
        {
-            return new DifficultyAttributes(mods, skills, 0);
+            return new DifficultyAttributes(mods, 0);
        }

        protected override IEnumerable<DifficultyHitObject> CreateDifficultyHitObjects(IBeatmap beatmap, double clockRate) => Enumerable.Empty<DifficultyHitObject>();
@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Pippidon
        public override IBeatmapConverter CreateBeatmapConverter(IBeatmap beatmap) =>
            new PippidonBeatmapConverter(beatmap, this);

-        public override DifficultyCalculator CreateDifficultyCalculator(WorkingBeatmap beatmap) =>
-            new PippidonDifficultyCalculator(this, beatmap);
+        public override DifficultyCalculator CreateDifficultyCalculator(IWorkingBeatmap beatmap) =>
+            new PippidonDifficultyCalculator(RulesetInfo, beatmap);

        public override IEnumerable<Mod> GetModsFor(ModType type)
        {
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
    <PackageReference Include="Appveyor.TestLogger" Version="2.0.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk" Version="17.0.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="NUnit" Version="3.13.2" />
-    <PackageReference Include="NUnit3TestAdapter" Version="4.0.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="NUnit3TestAdapter" Version="4.1.0" />
    <PackageReference Update="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Sqlite" Version="2.1.4" />
  </ItemGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
@@ -13,14 +13,14 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.EmptyScrolling
 {
    public class EmptyScrollingDifficultyCalculator : DifficultyCalculator
    {
-        public EmptyScrollingDifficultyCalculator(Ruleset ruleset, WorkingBeatmap beatmap)
+        public EmptyScrollingDifficultyCalculator(IRulesetInfo ruleset, IWorkingBeatmap beatmap)
            : base(ruleset, beatmap)
        {
        }

        protected override DifficultyAttributes CreateDifficultyAttributes(IBeatmap beatmap, Mod[] mods, Skill[] skills, double clockRate)
        {
-            return new DifficultyAttributes(mods, skills, 0);
+            return new DifficultyAttributes(mods, 0);
        }

        protected override IEnumerable<DifficultyHitObject> CreateDifficultyHitObjects(IBeatmap beatmap, double clockRate) => Enumerable.Empty<DifficultyHitObject>();
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.EmptyScrolling

        public override IBeatmapConverter CreateBeatmapConverter(IBeatmap beatmap) => new EmptyScrollingBeatmapConverter(beatmap, this);

-        public override DifficultyCalculator CreateDifficultyCalculator(WorkingBeatmap beatmap) => new EmptyScrollingDifficultyCalculator(this, beatmap);
+        public override DifficultyCalculator CreateDifficultyCalculator(IWorkingBeatmap beatmap) => new EmptyScrollingDifficultyCalculator(RulesetInfo, beatmap);

        public override IEnumerable<Mod> GetModsFor(ModType type)
        {
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
    <PackageReference Include="Appveyor.TestLogger" Version="2.0.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk" Version="17.0.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="NUnit" Version="3.13.2" />
-    <PackageReference Include="NUnit3TestAdapter" Version="4.0.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="NUnit3TestAdapter" Version="4.1.0" />
    <PackageReference Update="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Sqlite" Version="2.1.4" />
  </ItemGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
@@ -13,14 +13,14 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Pippidon
 {
    public class PippidonDifficultyCalculator : DifficultyCalculator
    {
-        public PippidonDifficultyCalculator(Ruleset ruleset, WorkingBeatmap beatmap)
+        public PippidonDifficultyCalculator(IRulesetInfo ruleset, IWorkingBeatmap beatmap)
            : base(ruleset, beatmap)
        {
        }

        protected override DifficultyAttributes CreateDifficultyAttributes(IBeatmap beatmap, Mod[] mods, Skill[] skills, double clockRate)
        {
-            return new DifficultyAttributes(mods, skills, 0);
+            return new DifficultyAttributes(mods, 0);
        }

        protected override IEnumerable<DifficultyHitObject> CreateDifficultyHitObjects(IBeatmap beatmap, double clockRate) => Enumerable.Empty<DifficultyHitObject>();
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Pippidon

        public override IBeatmapConverter CreateBeatmapConverter(IBeatmap beatmap) => new PippidonBeatmapConverter(beatmap, this);

-        public override DifficultyCalculator CreateDifficultyCalculator(WorkingBeatmap beatmap) => new PippidonDifficultyCalculator(this, beatmap);
+        public override DifficultyCalculator CreateDifficultyCalculator(IWorkingBeatmap beatmap) => new PippidonDifficultyCalculator(RulesetInfo, beatmap);

        public override IEnumerable<Mod> GetModsFor(ModType type)
        {
@@ -51,11 +51,11 @@
    <Reference Include="Java.Interop" />
  </ItemGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
-    <PackageReference Include="ppy.osu.Game.Resources" Version="2021.1026.0" />
-    <PackageReference Include="ppy.osu.Framework.Android" Version="2021.1108.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="ppy.osu.Game.Resources" Version="2021.1112.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="ppy.osu.Framework.Android" Version="2021.1127.0" />
  </ItemGroup>
  <ItemGroup Label="Transitive Dependencies">
    <!-- Realm needs to be directly referenced in all Xamarin projects, as it will not pull in its transitive dependencies otherwise. -->
-    <PackageReference Include="Realm" Version="10.6.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="Realm" Version="10.7.1" />
  </ItemGroup>
 </Project>
@@ -108,7 +108,10 @@ namespace osu.Desktop
                presence.Assets.LargeImageText = $"{user.Value.Username}" + (user.Value.Statistics?.GlobalRank > 0 ? $" (rank #{user.Value.Statistics.GlobalRank:N0})" : string.Empty);

            // update ruleset
-            presence.Assets.SmallImageKey = ruleset.Value.ID <= 3 ? $"mode_{ruleset.Value.ID}" : "mode_custom";
+            int onlineID = ruleset.Value.OnlineID;
+            bool isLegacyRuleset = onlineID >= 0 && onlineID <= ILegacyRuleset.MAX_LEGACY_RULESET_ID;
+
+            presence.Assets.SmallImageKey = isLegacyRuleset ? $"mode_{onlineID}" : "mode_custom";
            presence.Assets.SmallImageText = ruleset.Value.Name;

            client.SetPresence(presence);
@@ -93,6 +93,11 @@ namespace osu.Desktop

        protected override UpdateManager CreateUpdateManager()
        {
+            string packageManaged = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("OSU_EXTERNAL_UPDATE_PROVIDER");
+
+            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(packageManaged))
+                return new NoActionUpdateManager();
+
            switch (RuntimeInfo.OS)
            {
                case RuntimeInfo.Platform.Windows:
@@ -103,7 +103,10 @@ namespace osu.Desktop.Updater
                    }
                    else
                    {
+                        // In the case of an error, a separate notification will be displayed.
                        notification.State = ProgressNotificationState.Cancelled;
+                        notification.Close();
+
                        Logger.Error(e, @"update failed!");
                    }
                }
@@ -183,6 +186,19 @@ namespace osu.Desktop.Updater
                    }
                });
            }
+
+            public override void Close()
+            {
+                // cancelling updates is not currently supported by the underlying updater.
+                // only allow dismissing for now.
+
+                switch (State)
+                {
+                    case ProgressNotificationState.Cancelled:
+                        base.Close();
+                        break;
+                }
+            }
        }

        private class SquirrelLogger : Splat.ILogger, IDisposable
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
  <ItemGroup>
    <PackageReference Include="BenchmarkDotNet" Version="0.13.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="nunit" Version="3.13.2" />
-    <PackageReference Include="NUnit3TestAdapter" Version="4.0.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="NUnit3TestAdapter" Version="4.1.0" />
  </ItemGroup>

  <ItemGroup>
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.

+using osu.Framework.iOS;
 using UIKit;

 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Tests.iOS
@@ -9,7 +10,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Tests.iOS
    {
        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
-            UIApplication.Main(args, "GameUIApplication", "AppDelegate");
+            UIApplication.Main(args, typeof(GameUIApplication), typeof(AppDelegate));
        }
    }
 }
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Tests
        public void TestClockRateAdjusted(double expected, string name)
            => Test(expected, name, new CatchModDoubleTime());

-        protected override DifficultyCalculator CreateDifficultyCalculator(WorkingBeatmap beatmap) => new CatchDifficultyCalculator(new CatchRuleset(), beatmap);
+        protected override DifficultyCalculator CreateDifficultyCalculator(IWorkingBeatmap beatmap) => new CatchDifficultyCalculator(new CatchRuleset().RulesetInfo, beatmap);

        protected override Ruleset CreateRuleset() => new CatchRuleset();
    }
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+using NUnit.Framework;
+using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Edit.Checks;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Objects;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Edit;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects;
+using osu.Game.Tests.Beatmaps;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Tests.Editor.Checks
+{
+    [TestFixture]
+    public class TestCheckBananaShowerGap
+    {
+        private CheckBananaShowerGap check;
+
+        [SetUp]
+        public void Setup()
+        {
+            check = new CheckBananaShowerGap();
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestAllowedSpinnerGaps()
+        {
+            assertOk(mockBeatmap(250, 1000, 1250), DifficultyRating.Easy);
+            assertOk(mockBeatmap(250, 1000, 1250), DifficultyRating.Normal);
+            assertOk(mockBeatmap(125, 1000, 1250), DifficultyRating.Hard);
+            assertOk(mockBeatmap(125, 1000, 1125), DifficultyRating.Insane);
+            assertOk(mockBeatmap(62, 1000, 1125), DifficultyRating.Expert);
+            assertOk(mockBeatmap(62, 1000, 1125), DifficultyRating.ExpertPlus);
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestDisallowedSpinnerGapStart()
+        {
+            assertTooShortSpinnerStart(mockBeatmap(249, 1000, 1250), DifficultyRating.Easy);
+            assertTooShortSpinnerStart(mockBeatmap(249, 1000, 1250), DifficultyRating.Normal);
+            assertTooShortSpinnerStart(mockBeatmap(124, 1000, 1250), DifficultyRating.Hard);
+            assertTooShortSpinnerStart(mockBeatmap(124, 1000, 1250), DifficultyRating.Insane);
+            assertTooShortSpinnerStart(mockBeatmap(61, 1000, 1250), DifficultyRating.Expert);
+            assertTooShortSpinnerStart(mockBeatmap(61, 1000, 1250), DifficultyRating.ExpertPlus);
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestDisallowedSpinnerGapEnd()
+        {
+            assertTooShortSpinnerEnd(mockBeatmap(250, 1000, 1249), DifficultyRating.Easy);
+            assertTooShortSpinnerEnd(mockBeatmap(250, 1000, 1249), DifficultyRating.Normal);
+            assertTooShortSpinnerEnd(mockBeatmap(125, 1000, 1249), DifficultyRating.Hard);
+            assertTooShortSpinnerEnd(mockBeatmap(125, 1000, 1124), DifficultyRating.Insane);
+            assertTooShortSpinnerEnd(mockBeatmap(62, 1000, 1124), DifficultyRating.Expert);
+            assertTooShortSpinnerEnd(mockBeatmap(62, 1000, 1124), DifficultyRating.ExpertPlus);
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestConsecutiveSpinners()
+        {
+            var spinnerConsecutiveBeatmap = new Beatmap<HitObject>
+            {
+                HitObjects = new List<HitObject>
+                {
+                    new BananaShower { StartTime = 0, EndTime = 100, X = 0 },
+                    new BananaShower { StartTime = 101, EndTime = 200, X = 0 },
+                    new BananaShower { StartTime = 201, EndTime = 300, X = 0 }
+                }
+            };
+
+            assertOk(spinnerConsecutiveBeatmap, DifficultyRating.Easy);
+            assertOk(spinnerConsecutiveBeatmap, DifficultyRating.Normal);
+            assertOk(spinnerConsecutiveBeatmap, DifficultyRating.Hard);
+            assertOk(spinnerConsecutiveBeatmap, DifficultyRating.Insane);
+            assertOk(spinnerConsecutiveBeatmap, DifficultyRating.Expert);
+            assertOk(spinnerConsecutiveBeatmap, DifficultyRating.ExpertPlus);
+        }
+
+        private Beatmap<HitObject> mockBeatmap(double bananaShowerStart, double bananaShowerEnd, double nextFruitStart)
+        {
+            return new Beatmap<HitObject>
+            {
+                HitObjects = new List<HitObject>
+                {
+                    new Fruit { StartTime = 0, X = 0 },
+                    new BananaShower { StartTime = bananaShowerStart, EndTime = bananaShowerEnd, X = 0 },
+                    new Fruit { StartTime = nextFruitStart, X = 0 }
+                }
+            };
+        }
+
+        private void assertOk(IBeatmap beatmap, DifficultyRating difficultyRating)
+        {
+            var context = new BeatmapVerifierContext(beatmap, new TestWorkingBeatmap(beatmap), difficultyRating);
+            Assert.That(check.Run(context), Is.Empty);
+        }
+
+        private void assertTooShortSpinnerStart(IBeatmap beatmap, DifficultyRating difficultyRating)
+        {
+            var context = new BeatmapVerifierContext(beatmap, new TestWorkingBeatmap(beatmap), difficultyRating);
+            var issues = check.Run(context).ToList();
+
+            Assert.That(issues, Has.Count.EqualTo(1));
+            Assert.That(issues.All(issue => issue.Template is CheckBananaShowerGap.IssueTemplateBananaShowerStartGap));
+        }
+
+        private void assertTooShortSpinnerEnd(IBeatmap beatmap, DifficultyRating difficultyRating)
+        {
+            var context = new BeatmapVerifierContext(beatmap, new TestWorkingBeatmap(beatmap), difficultyRating);
+            var issues = check.Run(context).ToList();
+
+            Assert.That(issues, Has.Count.EqualTo(1));
+            Assert.That(issues.All(issue => issue.Template is CheckBananaShowerGap.IssueTemplateBananaShowerEndGap));
+        }
+    }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using NUnit.Framework;
+using osu.Framework.Utils;
+using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
+using osu.Game.Beatmaps.Timing;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Mods;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Objects;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.UI;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects;
+using osu.Game.Tests.Visual;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Tests.Mods
+{
+    public class TestSceneCatchModNoScope : ModTestScene
+    {
+        protected override Ruleset CreatePlayerRuleset() => new CatchRuleset();
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestVisibleDuringBreak()
+        {
+            CreateModTest(new ModTestData
+            {
+                Mod = new CatchModNoScope
+                {
+                    HiddenComboCount = { Value = 0 },
+                },
+                Autoplay = true,
+                PassCondition = () => true,
+                Beatmap = new Beatmap
+                {
+                    HitObjects = new List<HitObject>
+                    {
+                        new Fruit
+                        {
+                            X = CatchPlayfield.CENTER_X,
+                            StartTime = 1000,
+                        },
+                        new Fruit
+                        {
+                            X = CatchPlayfield.CENTER_X,
+                            StartTime = 5000,
+                        }
+                    },
+                    Breaks = new List<BreakPeriod>
+                    {
+                        new BreakPeriod(2000, 4000),
+                    }
+                }
+            });
+
+            AddUntilStep("wait for catcher to hide", () => catcherAlphaAlmostEquals(0));
+            AddUntilStep("wait for start of break", isBreak);
+            AddUntilStep("wait for catcher to show", () => catcherAlphaAlmostEquals(1));
+            AddUntilStep("wait for end of break", () => !isBreak());
+            AddUntilStep("wait for catcher to hide", () => catcherAlphaAlmostEquals(0));
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestVisibleAfterComboBreak()
+        {
+            CreateModTest(new ModTestData
+            {
+                Mod = new CatchModNoScope
+                {
+                    HiddenComboCount = { Value = 2 },
+                },
+                Autoplay = true,
+                PassCondition = () => true,
+                Beatmap = new Beatmap
+                {
+                    HitObjects = new List<HitObject>
+                    {
+                        new Fruit
+                        {
+                            X = 0,
+                            StartTime = 1000,
+                        },
+                        new Fruit
+                        {
+                            X = CatchPlayfield.CENTER_X,
+                            StartTime = 3000,
+                        },
+                        new Fruit
+                        {
+                            X = CatchPlayfield.WIDTH,
+                            StartTime = 5000,
+                        },
+                    }
+                }
+            });
+
+            AddAssert("catcher must start visible", () => catcherAlphaAlmostEquals(1));
+            AddUntilStep("wait for combo", () => Player.ScoreProcessor.Combo.Value >= 2);
+            AddAssert("catcher must dim after combo", () => !catcherAlphaAlmostEquals(1));
+            AddStep("break combo", () => Player.ScoreProcessor.Combo.Value = 0);
+            AddUntilStep("wait for catcher to show", () => catcherAlphaAlmostEquals(1));
+        }
+
+        private bool isBreak() => Player.IsBreakTime.Value;
+
+        private bool catcherAlphaAlmostEquals(float alpha)
+        {
+            var playfield = (CatchPlayfield)Player.DrawableRuleset.Playfield;
+            return Precision.AlmostEquals(playfield.CatcherArea.Alpha, alpha);
+        }
+    }
+}
@@ -168,6 +168,28 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Tests
            checkHyperDash(false);
        }

+        [Test]
+        public void TestLastBananaShouldClearPlateOnMiss()
+        {
+            AddStep("catch fruit", () => attemptCatch(new Fruit()));
+            checkPlate(1);
+            AddStep("miss banana", () => attemptCatch(new Banana { X = 100 }));
+            checkPlate(1);
+            AddStep("miss last banana", () => attemptCatch(new Banana { LastInCombo = true, X = 100 }));
+            checkPlate(0);
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestLastBananaShouldClearPlateOnCatch()
+        {
+            AddStep("catch fruit", () => attemptCatch(new Fruit()));
+            checkPlate(1);
+            AddStep("catch banana", () => attemptCatch(new Banana()));
+            checkPlate(2);
+            AddStep("catch last banana", () => attemptCatch(new Banana { LastInCombo = true }));
+            checkPlate(0);
+        }
+
        [Test]
        public void TestCatcherRandomStacking()
        {
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Tests
            var controlPointInfo = new ControlPointInfo();
            controlPointInfo.Add(0, new TimingControlPoint());

-            WorkingBeatmap beatmap = CreateWorkingBeatmap(new Beatmap
+            IWorkingBeatmap beatmap = CreateWorkingBeatmap(new Beatmap
            {
                HitObjects = new List<HitObject> { new Fruit() },
                BeatmapInfo = new BeatmapInfo
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
    <PackageReference Include="Appveyor.TestLogger" Version="2.0.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk" Version="17.0.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="NUnit" Version="3.13.2" />
-    <PackageReference Include="NUnit3TestAdapter" Version="4.0.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="NUnit3TestAdapter" Version="4.1.0" />
    <PackageReference Update="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Sqlite" Version="2.1.4" />
  </ItemGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Label="Project">
@@ -133,6 +133,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch
                        new MultiMod(new ModWindUp(), new ModWindDown()),
                        new CatchModFloatingFruits(),
                        new CatchModMuted(),
+                        new CatchModNoScope(),
                    };

                default:
@@ -177,7 +178,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch
            return base.GetDisplayNameForHitResult(result);
        }

-        public override DifficultyCalculator CreateDifficultyCalculator(WorkingBeatmap beatmap) => new CatchDifficultyCalculator(this, beatmap);
+        public override DifficultyCalculator CreateDifficultyCalculator(IWorkingBeatmap beatmap) => new CatchDifficultyCalculator(RulesetInfo, beatmap);

        public override ISkin CreateLegacySkinProvider(ISkin skin, IBeatmap beatmap) => new CatchLegacySkinTransformer(skin);

@@ -188,5 +189,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch
        public override IConvertibleReplayFrame CreateConvertibleReplayFrame() => new CatchReplayFrame();

        public override HitObjectComposer CreateHitObjectComposer() => new CatchHitObjectComposer(this);
+
+        public override IBeatmapVerifier CreateBeatmapVerifier() => new CatchBeatmapVerifier();
    }
 }
@@ -1,12 +1,35 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.

+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using Newtonsoft.Json;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Difficulty;

 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Difficulty
 {
    public class CatchDifficultyAttributes : DifficultyAttributes
    {
+        [JsonProperty("approach_rate")]
        public double ApproachRate { get; set; }
+
+        public override IEnumerable<(int attributeId, object value)> ToDatabaseAttributes()
+        {
+            foreach (var v in base.ToDatabaseAttributes())
+                yield return v;
+
+            // Todo: osu!catch should not output star rating in the 'aim' attribute.
+            yield return (ATTRIB_ID_AIM, StarRating);
+            yield return (ATTRIB_ID_APPROACH_RATE, ApproachRate);
+            yield return (ATTRIB_ID_MAX_COMBO, MaxCombo);
+        }
+
+        public override void FromDatabaseAttributes(IReadOnlyDictionary<int, double> values)
+        {
+            base.FromDatabaseAttributes(values);
+
+            StarRating = values[ATTRIB_ID_AIM];
+            ApproachRate = values[ATTRIB_ID_APPROACH_RATE];
+            MaxCombo = (int)values[ATTRIB_ID_MAX_COMBO];
+        }
    }
 }
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Difficulty

        private float halfCatcherWidth;

-        public CatchDifficultyCalculator(Ruleset ruleset, WorkingBeatmap beatmap)
+        public CatchDifficultyCalculator(IRulesetInfo ruleset, IWorkingBeatmap beatmap)
            : base(ruleset, beatmap)
        {
        }
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Difficulty
        protected override DifficultyAttributes CreateDifficultyAttributes(IBeatmap beatmap, Mod[] mods, Skill[] skills, double clockRate)
        {
            if (beatmap.HitObjects.Count == 0)
-                return new CatchDifficultyAttributes { Mods = mods, Skills = skills };
+                return new CatchDifficultyAttributes { Mods = mods };

            // this is the same as osu!, so there's potential to share the implementation... maybe
            double preempt = IBeatmapDifficultyInfo.DifficultyRange(beatmap.Difficulty.ApproachRate, 1800, 1200, 450) / clockRate;
@@ -42,7 +42,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Difficulty
                Mods = mods,
                ApproachRate = preempt > 1200.0 ? -(preempt - 1800.0) / 120.0 : -(preempt - 1200.0) / 150.0 + 5.0,
                MaxCombo = beatmap.HitObjects.Count(h => h is Fruit) + beatmap.HitObjects.OfType<JuiceStream>().SelectMany(j => j.NestedHitObjects).Count(h => !(h is TinyDroplet)),
-                Skills = skills
            };
        }

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Edit.Checks;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Edit;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Edit.Checks.Components;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Edit
+{
+    public class CatchBeatmapVerifier : IBeatmapVerifier
+    {
+        private readonly List<ICheck> checks = new List<ICheck>
+        {
+            new CheckBananaShowerGap()
+        };
+
+        public IEnumerable<Issue> Run(BeatmapVerifierContext context)
+        {
+            return checks.SelectMany(check => check.Run(context));
+        }
+    }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Objects;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Edit;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Edit.Checks.Components;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Edit.Checks
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Check the spinner/banana shower gaps specified in the osu!catch difficulty specific ranking criteria.
+    /// </summary>
+    public class CheckBananaShowerGap : ICheck
+    {
+        private static readonly Dictionary<DifficultyRating, (int startGap, int endGap)> spinner_delta_threshold = new Dictionary<DifficultyRating, (int, int)>
+        {
+            [DifficultyRating.Easy] = (250, 250),
+            [DifficultyRating.Normal] = (250, 250),
+            [DifficultyRating.Hard] = (125, 250),
+            [DifficultyRating.Insane] = (125, 125),
+            [DifficultyRating.Expert] = (62, 125),
+            [DifficultyRating.ExpertPlus] = (62, 125)
+        };
+
+        public CheckMetadata Metadata { get; } = new CheckMetadata(CheckCategory.Compose, "Too short spinner gap");
+
+        public IEnumerable<IssueTemplate> PossibleTemplates => new IssueTemplate[]
+        {
+            new IssueTemplateBananaShowerStartGap(this),
+            new IssueTemplateBananaShowerEndGap(this)
+        };
+
+        public IEnumerable<Issue> Run(BeatmapVerifierContext context)
+        {
+            var hitObjects = context.Beatmap.HitObjects;
+            (int expectedStartDelta, int expectedEndDelta) = spinner_delta_threshold[context.InterpretedDifficulty];
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < hitObjects.Count - 1; ++i)
+            {
+                if (!(hitObjects[i] is BananaShower bananaShower))
+                    continue;
+
+                // Skip if the previous hitobject is a banana shower, consecutive spinners are allowed
+                if (i != 0 && hitObjects[i - 1] is CatchHitObject previousHitObject && !(previousHitObject is BananaShower))
+                {
+                    double spinnerStartDelta = bananaShower.StartTime - previousHitObject.GetEndTime();
+
+                    if (spinnerStartDelta < expectedStartDelta)
+                    {
+                        yield return new IssueTemplateBananaShowerStartGap(this)
+                            .Create(spinnerStartDelta, expectedStartDelta, bananaShower, previousHitObject);
+                    }
+                }
+
+                // Skip if the next hitobject is a banana shower, consecutive spinners are allowed
+                if (hitObjects[i + 1] is CatchHitObject nextHitObject && !(nextHitObject is BananaShower))
+                {
+                    double spinnerEndDelta = nextHitObject.StartTime - bananaShower.EndTime;
+
+                    if (spinnerEndDelta < expectedEndDelta)
+                    {
+                        yield return new IssueTemplateBananaShowerEndGap(this)
+                            .Create(spinnerEndDelta, expectedEndDelta, bananaShower, nextHitObject);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        public abstract class IssueTemplateBananaShowerGap : IssueTemplate
+        {
+            protected IssueTemplateBananaShowerGap(ICheck check, IssueType issueType, string unformattedMessage)
+                : base(check, issueType, unformattedMessage)
+            {
+            }
+
+            public Issue Create(double deltaTime, int expectedDeltaTime, params HitObject[] hitObjects)
+            {
+                return new Issue(hitObjects, this, Math.Floor(deltaTime), expectedDeltaTime);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public class IssueTemplateBananaShowerStartGap : IssueTemplateBananaShowerGap
+        {
+            public IssueTemplateBananaShowerStartGap(ICheck check)
+                : base(check, IssueType.Problem, "There is only {0} ms between the start of the spinner and the last object, it should not be less than {1} ms.")
+            {
+            }
+        }
+
+        public class IssueTemplateBananaShowerEndGap : IssueTemplateBananaShowerGap
+        {
+            public IssueTemplateBananaShowerEndGap(ICheck check)
+                : base(check, IssueType.Problem, "There is only {0} ms between the end of the spinner and the next object, it should not be less than {1} ms.")
+            {
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using System;
+using osu.Framework.Bindables;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods;
+using osu.Framework.Utils;
+using osu.Game.Configuration;
+using osu.Game.Overlays.Settings;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.UI;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.UI;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Mods
+{
+    public class CatchModNoScope : ModNoScope, IUpdatableByPlayfield
+    {
+        public override string Description => "Where's the catcher?";
+
+        [SettingSource(
+            "Hidden at combo",
+            "The combo count at which the catcher becomes completely hidden",
+            SettingControlType = typeof(SettingsSlider<int, HiddenComboSlider>)
+        )]
+        public override BindableInt HiddenComboCount { get; } = new BindableInt
+        {
+            Default = 10,
+            Value = 10,
+            MinValue = 0,
+            MaxValue = 50,
+        };
+
+        public void Update(Playfield playfield)
+        {
+            var catchPlayfield = (CatchPlayfield)playfield;
+            bool shouldAlwaysShowCatcher = IsBreakTime.Value;
+            float targetAlpha = shouldAlwaysShowCatcher ? 1 : ComboBasedAlpha;
+            catchPlayfield.CatcherArea.Alpha = (float)Interpolation.Lerp(catchPlayfield.CatcherArea.Alpha, targetAlpha, Math.Clamp(catchPlayfield.Time.Elapsed / TRANSITION_DURATION, 0, 1));
+        }
+    }
+}
@@ -210,6 +210,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.UI
            catchResult.CatcherAnimationState = CurrentState;
            catchResult.CatcherHyperDash = HyperDashing;

+            // Ignore JuiceStreams and BananaShowers
            if (!(drawableObject is DrawablePalpableCatchHitObject palpableObject)) return;

            var hitObject = palpableObject.HitObject;
@@ -244,6 +245,14 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.UI
                CurrentState = hitObject.Kiai ? CatcherAnimationState.Kiai : CatcherAnimationState.Idle;
            else if (!(hitObject is Banana))
                CurrentState = CatcherAnimationState.Fail;
+
+            if (palpableObject.HitObject.LastInCombo)
+            {
+                if (result.Judgement is CatchJudgement catchJudgement && catchJudgement.ShouldExplodeFor(result))
+                    Explode();
+                else
+                    Drop();
+            }
        }

        public void OnRevertResult(DrawableCatchHitObject drawableObject, JudgementResult result)
@@ -6,11 +6,9 @@ using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
 using osu.Framework.Input.Bindings;
 using osu.Framework.Input.Events;
-using osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Judgements;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Objects.Drawables;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Replays;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Judgements;
-using osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.UI;
 using osuTK;

@@ -72,18 +70,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.UI
        public void OnNewResult(DrawableCatchHitObject hitObject, JudgementResult result)
        {
            Catcher.OnNewResult(hitObject, result);
-
-            if (!result.Type.IsScorable())
-                return;
-
-            if (hitObject.HitObject.LastInCombo)
-            {
-                if (result.Judgement is CatchJudgement catchJudgement && catchJudgement.ShouldExplodeFor(result))
-                    Catcher.Explode();
-                else
-                    Catcher.Drop();
-            }
-
            comboDisplay.OnNewResult(hitObject, result);
        }

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.

+using osu.Framework.iOS;
 using UIKit;

 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests.iOS
@@ -9,7 +10,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests.iOS
    {
        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
-            UIApplication.Main(args, "GameUIApplication", "AppDelegate");
+            UIApplication.Main(args, typeof(GameUIApplication), typeof(AppDelegate));
        }
    }
 }
@@ -22,6 +22,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests.Editor
        [Resolved]
        private SkinManager skins { get; set; }

+        [Cached]
+        private EditorClipboard clipboard = new EditorClipboard();
+
        [SetUpSteps]
        public void SetUpSteps()
        {
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests
        public void TestClockRateAdjusted(double expected, string name)
            => Test(expected, name, new ManiaModDoubleTime());

-        protected override DifficultyCalculator CreateDifficultyCalculator(WorkingBeatmap beatmap) => new ManiaDifficultyCalculator(new ManiaRuleset(), beatmap);
+        protected override DifficultyCalculator CreateDifficultyCalculator(IWorkingBeatmap beatmap) => new ManiaDifficultyCalculator(new ManiaRuleset().RulesetInfo, beatmap);

        protected override Ruleset CreateRuleset() => new ManiaRuleset();
    }
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
    <PackageReference Include="Appveyor.TestLogger" Version="2.0.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk" Version="17.0.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="NUnit" Version="3.13.2" />
-    <PackageReference Include="NUnit3TestAdapter" Version="4.0.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="NUnit3TestAdapter" Version="4.1.0" />
    <PackageReference Update="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Sqlite" Version="2.1.4" />
  </ItemGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Label="Project">
@@ -1,13 +1,38 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.

+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using Newtonsoft.Json;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Difficulty;

 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Difficulty
 {
    public class ManiaDifficultyAttributes : DifficultyAttributes
    {
+        [JsonProperty("great_hit_window")]
        public double GreatHitWindow { get; set; }
+
+        [JsonProperty("score_multiplier")]
        public double ScoreMultiplier { get; set; }
+
+        public override IEnumerable<(int attributeId, object value)> ToDatabaseAttributes()
+        {
+            foreach (var v in base.ToDatabaseAttributes())
+                yield return v;
+
+            // Todo: osu!mania doesn't output MaxCombo attribute for some reason.
+            yield return (ATTRIB_ID_STRAIN, StarRating);
+            yield return (ATTRIB_ID_GREAT_HIT_WINDOW, GreatHitWindow);
+            yield return (ATTRIB_ID_SCORE_MULTIPLIER, ScoreMultiplier);
+        }
+
+        public override void FromDatabaseAttributes(IReadOnlyDictionary<int, double> values)
+        {
+            base.FromDatabaseAttributes(values);
+
+            StarRating = values[ATTRIB_ID_STRAIN];
+            GreatHitWindow = values[ATTRIB_ID_GREAT_HIT_WINDOW];
+            ScoreMultiplier = values[ATTRIB_ID_SCORE_MULTIPLIER];
+        }
    }
 }
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
+using osu.Game.Extensions;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Difficulty;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Difficulty.Preprocessing;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Difficulty.Skills;
@@ -28,17 +29,17 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Difficulty
        private readonly bool isForCurrentRuleset;
        private readonly double originalOverallDifficulty;

-        public ManiaDifficultyCalculator(Ruleset ruleset, WorkingBeatmap beatmap)
+        public ManiaDifficultyCalculator(IRulesetInfo ruleset, IWorkingBeatmap beatmap)
            : base(ruleset, beatmap)
        {
-            isForCurrentRuleset = beatmap.BeatmapInfo.Ruleset.Equals(ruleset.RulesetInfo);
-            originalOverallDifficulty = beatmap.BeatmapInfo.BaseDifficulty.OverallDifficulty;
+            isForCurrentRuleset = beatmap.BeatmapInfo.Ruleset.MatchesOnlineID(ruleset);
+            originalOverallDifficulty = beatmap.BeatmapInfo.Difficulty.OverallDifficulty;
        }

        protected override DifficultyAttributes CreateDifficultyAttributes(IBeatmap beatmap, Mod[] mods, Skill[] skills, double clockRate)
        {
            if (beatmap.HitObjects.Count == 0)
-                return new ManiaDifficultyAttributes { Mods = mods, Skills = skills };
+                return new ManiaDifficultyAttributes { Mods = mods };

            HitWindows hitWindows = new ManiaHitWindows();
            hitWindows.SetDifficulty(beatmap.Difficulty.OverallDifficulty);
@@ -50,7 +51,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Difficulty
                GreatHitWindow = Math.Ceiling(getHitWindow300(mods) / clockRate),
                ScoreMultiplier = getScoreMultiplier(mods),
                MaxCombo = beatmap.HitObjects.Sum(h => h is HoldNote ? 2 : 1),
-                Skills = skills
            };
        }

@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania

        public override Drawable CreateIcon() => new SpriteIcon { Icon = OsuIcon.RulesetMania };

-        public override DifficultyCalculator CreateDifficultyCalculator(WorkingBeatmap beatmap) => new ManiaDifficultyCalculator(this, beatmap);
+        public override DifficultyCalculator CreateDifficultyCalculator(IWorkingBeatmap beatmap) => new ManiaDifficultyCalculator(RulesetInfo, beatmap);

        public int LegacyID => 3;

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.

+using osu.Framework.iOS;
 using UIKit;

 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests.iOS
@@ -9,7 +10,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests.iOS
    {
        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
-            UIApplication.Main(args, "GameUIApplication", "AppDelegate");
+            UIApplication.Main(args, typeof(GameUIApplication), typeof(AppDelegate));
        }
    }
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using System.Linq;
+using NUnit.Framework;
+using osu.Framework.Utils;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects;
+using osu.Game.Screens.Edit;
+using osuTK;
+using osuTK.Input;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests.Editor
+{
+    public class TestSceneSliderStreamConversion : TestSceneOsuEditor
+    {
+        private BindableBeatDivisor beatDivisor => (BindableBeatDivisor)Editor.Dependencies.Get(typeof(BindableBeatDivisor));
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestSimpleConversion()
+        {
+            Slider slider = null;
+
+            AddStep("select first slider", () =>
+            {
+                slider = (Slider)EditorBeatmap.HitObjects.First(h => h is Slider);
+                EditorClock.Seek(slider.StartTime);
+                EditorBeatmap.SelectedHitObjects.Add(slider);
+            });
+
+            convertToStream();
+
+            AddAssert("stream created", () => streamCreatedFor(slider,
+                (time: 0, pathPosition: 0),
+                (time: 0.25, pathPosition: 0.25),
+                (time: 0.5, pathPosition: 0.5),
+                (time: 0.75, pathPosition: 0.75),
+                (time: 1, pathPosition: 1)));
+
+            AddStep("undo", () => Editor.Undo());
+            AddAssert("slider restored", () => sliderRestored(slider));
+
+            AddStep("select first slider", () =>
+            {
+                slider = (Slider)EditorBeatmap.HitObjects.First(h => h is Slider);
+                EditorClock.Seek(slider.StartTime);
+                EditorBeatmap.SelectedHitObjects.Add(slider);
+            });
+            AddStep("change beat divisor", () => beatDivisor.Value = 8);
+
+            convertToStream();
+            AddAssert("stream created", () => streamCreatedFor(slider,
+                (time: 0, pathPosition: 0),
+                (time: 0.125, pathPosition: 0.125),
+                (time: 0.25, pathPosition: 0.25),
+                (time: 0.375, pathPosition: 0.375),
+                (time: 0.5, pathPosition: 0.5),
+                (time: 0.625, pathPosition: 0.625),
+                (time: 0.75, pathPosition: 0.75),
+                (time: 0.875, pathPosition: 0.875),
+                (time: 1, pathPosition: 1)));
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestConversionWithNonMatchingDivisor()
+        {
+            Slider slider = null;
+
+            AddStep("select second slider", () =>
+            {
+                slider = (Slider)EditorBeatmap.HitObjects.Where(h => h is Slider).ElementAt(1);
+                EditorClock.Seek(slider.StartTime);
+                EditorBeatmap.SelectedHitObjects.Add(slider);
+            });
+            AddStep("change beat divisor", () => beatDivisor.Value = 3);
+
+            convertToStream();
+
+            AddAssert("stream created", () => streamCreatedFor(slider,
+                (time: 0, pathPosition: 0),
+                (time: 2 / 3d, pathPosition: 2 / 3d)));
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestConversionWithRepeats()
+        {
+            Slider slider = null;
+
+            AddStep("select first slider with repeats", () =>
+            {
+                slider = (Slider)EditorBeatmap.HitObjects.First(h => h is Slider s && s.RepeatCount > 0);
+                EditorClock.Seek(slider.StartTime);
+                EditorBeatmap.SelectedHitObjects.Add(slider);
+            });
+            AddStep("change beat divisor", () => beatDivisor.Value = 2);
+
+            convertToStream();
+
+            AddAssert("stream created", () => streamCreatedFor(slider,
+                (time: 0, pathPosition: 0),
+                (time: 0.25, pathPosition: 0.5),
+                (time: 0.5, pathPosition: 1),
+                (time: 0.75, pathPosition: 0.5),
+                (time: 1, pathPosition: 0)));
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestConversionPreservesSliderProperties()
+        {
+            Slider slider = null;
+
+            AddStep("select second new-combo-starting slider", () =>
+            {
+                slider = (Slider)EditorBeatmap.HitObjects.Where(h => h is Slider s && s.NewCombo).ElementAt(1);
+                EditorClock.Seek(slider.StartTime);
+                EditorBeatmap.SelectedHitObjects.Add(slider);
+            });
+
+            convertToStream();
+
+            AddAssert("stream created", () => streamCreatedFor(slider,
+                (time: 0, pathPosition: 0),
+                (time: 0.25, pathPosition: 0.25),
+                (time: 0.5, pathPosition: 0.5),
+                (time: 0.75, pathPosition: 0.75),
+                (time: 1, pathPosition: 1)));
+
+            AddStep("undo", () => Editor.Undo());
+            AddAssert("slider restored", () => sliderRestored(slider));
+        }
+
+        private void convertToStream()
+        {
+            AddStep("convert to stream", () =>
+            {
+                InputManager.PressKey(Key.LControl);
+                InputManager.PressKey(Key.LShift);
+                InputManager.Key(Key.F);
+                InputManager.ReleaseKey(Key.LShift);
+                InputManager.ReleaseKey(Key.LControl);
+            });
+        }
+
+        private bool streamCreatedFor(Slider slider, params (double time, double pathPosition)[] expectedCircles)
+        {
+            if (EditorBeatmap.HitObjects.Contains(slider))
+                return false;
+
+            foreach ((double expectedTime, double expectedPathPosition) in expectedCircles)
+            {
+                double time = slider.StartTime + slider.Duration * expectedTime;
+                Vector2 position = slider.Position + slider.Path.PositionAt(expectedPathPosition);
+
+                if (!EditorBeatmap.HitObjects.OfType<HitCircle>().Any(h => matches(h, time, position, slider.NewCombo && expectedTime == 0)))
+                    return false;
+            }
+
+            return true;
+
+            bool matches(HitCircle circle, double time, Vector2 position, bool startsNewCombo) =>
+                Precision.AlmostEquals(circle.StartTime, time, 1)
+                && Precision.AlmostEquals(circle.Position, position, 0.01f)
+                && circle.NewCombo == startsNewCombo
+                && circle.Samples.SequenceEqual(slider.HeadCircle.Samples)
+                && circle.SampleControlPoint.IsRedundant(slider.SampleControlPoint);
+        }
+
+        private bool sliderRestored(Slider slider)
+        {
+            var objects = EditorBeatmap.HitObjects.Where(h => h.StartTime >= slider.StartTime && h.GetEndTime() <= slider.EndTime).ToList();
+
+            if (objects.Count > 1)
+                return false;
+
+            var hitObject = objects.Single();
+            if (!(hitObject is Slider restoredSlider))
+                return false;
+
+            return Precision.AlmostEquals(slider.StartTime, restoredSlider.StartTime)
+                   && Precision.AlmostEquals(slider.GetEndTime(), restoredSlider.GetEndTime())
+                   && Precision.AlmostEquals(slider.Position, restoredSlider.Position, 0.01f)
+                   && Precision.AlmostEquals(slider.EndPosition, restoredSlider.EndPosition, 0.01f);
+        }
+    }
+}
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests.Mods
            AddAssert("cursor must start visible", () => cursorAlphaAlmostEquals(1));
            AddUntilStep("wait for combo", () => Player.ScoreProcessor.Combo.Value >= 2);
            AddAssert("cursor must dim after combo", () => !cursorAlphaAlmostEquals(1));
-            AddStep("break combo", () => Player.ScoreProcessor.Combo.Set(0));
+            AddStep("break combo", () => Player.ScoreProcessor.Combo.Value = 0);
            AddUntilStep("wait for cursor to show", () => cursorAlphaAlmostEquals(1));
        }

@@ -15,17 +15,17 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests
    {
        protected override string ResourceAssembly => "osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu";

-        [TestCase(6.6975550434910005d, "diffcalc-test")]
-        [TestCase(1.4670676815251105d, "zero-length-sliders")]
+        [TestCase(6.6972307565739273d, "diffcalc-test")]
+        [TestCase(1.4484754139145539d, "zero-length-sliders")]
        public void Test(double expected, string name)
            => base.Test(expected, name);

-        [TestCase(8.9389769779826267d, "diffcalc-test")]
-        [TestCase(1.7786917985891204d, "zero-length-sliders")]
+        [TestCase(8.9382559208689809d, "diffcalc-test")]
+        [TestCase(1.7548875851757628d, "zero-length-sliders")]
        public void TestClockRateAdjusted(double expected, string name)
            => Test(expected, name, new OsuModDoubleTime());

-        protected override DifficultyCalculator CreateDifficultyCalculator(WorkingBeatmap beatmap) => new OsuDifficultyCalculator(new OsuRuleset(), beatmap);
+        protected override DifficultyCalculator CreateDifficultyCalculator(IWorkingBeatmap beatmap) => new OsuDifficultyCalculator(new OsuRuleset().RulesetInfo, beatmap);

        protected override Ruleset CreateRuleset() => new OsuRuleset();
    }
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk" Version="17.0.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Moq" Version="4.16.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="NUnit" Version="3.13.2" />
-    <PackageReference Include="NUnit3TestAdapter" Version="4.0.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="NUnit3TestAdapter" Version="4.1.0" />
    <PackageReference Update="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Sqlite" Version="2.1.4" />
  </ItemGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Label="Project">
@@ -1,20 +1,77 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.

+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+using JetBrains.Annotations;
+using Newtonsoft.Json;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Difficulty;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods;

 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty
 {
    public class OsuDifficultyAttributes : DifficultyAttributes
    {
+        [JsonProperty("aim_strain")]
        public double AimStrain { get; set; }
+
+        [JsonProperty("speed_strain")]
        public double SpeedStrain { get; set; }
+
+        [JsonProperty("flashlight_rating")]
        public double FlashlightRating { get; set; }
+
+        [JsonProperty("slider_factor")]
+        public double SliderFactor { get; set; }
+
+        [JsonProperty("approach_rate")]
        public double ApproachRate { get; set; }
+
+        [JsonProperty("overall_difficulty")]
        public double OverallDifficulty { get; set; }
+
        public double DrainRate { get; set; }
+
        public int HitCircleCount { get; set; }
+
        public int SliderCount { get; set; }
+
        public int SpinnerCount { get; set; }
+
+        public override IEnumerable<(int attributeId, object value)> ToDatabaseAttributes()
+        {
+            foreach (var v in base.ToDatabaseAttributes())
+                yield return v;
+
+            yield return (ATTRIB_ID_AIM, AimStrain);
+            yield return (ATTRIB_ID_SPEED, SpeedStrain);
+            yield return (ATTRIB_ID_OVERALL_DIFFICULTY, OverallDifficulty);
+            yield return (ATTRIB_ID_APPROACH_RATE, ApproachRate);
+            yield return (ATTRIB_ID_MAX_COMBO, MaxCombo);
+            yield return (ATTRIB_ID_STRAIN, StarRating);
+
+            if (ShouldSerializeFlashlightRating())
+                yield return (ATTRIB_ID_FLASHLIGHT, FlashlightRating);
+
+            yield return (ATTRIB_ID_SLIDER_FACTOR, SliderFactor);
+        }
+
+        public override void FromDatabaseAttributes(IReadOnlyDictionary<int, double> values)
+        {
+            base.FromDatabaseAttributes(values);
+
+            AimStrain = values[ATTRIB_ID_AIM];
+            SpeedStrain = values[ATTRIB_ID_SPEED];
+            OverallDifficulty = values[ATTRIB_ID_OVERALL_DIFFICULTY];
+            ApproachRate = values[ATTRIB_ID_APPROACH_RATE];
+            MaxCombo = (int)values[ATTRIB_ID_MAX_COMBO];
+            StarRating = values[ATTRIB_ID_STRAIN];
+            FlashlightRating = values.GetValueOrDefault(ATTRIB_ID_FLASHLIGHT);
+            SliderFactor = values[ATTRIB_ID_SLIDER_FACTOR];
+        }
+
+        // Used implicitly by Newtonsoft.Json to not serialize flashlight property in some cases.
+        [UsedImplicitly]
+        public bool ShouldSerializeFlashlightRating() => Mods.Any(m => m is ModFlashlight);
    }
 }
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty
        private const double difficulty_multiplier = 0.0675;
        private double hitWindowGreat;

-        public OsuDifficultyCalculator(Ruleset ruleset, WorkingBeatmap beatmap)
+        public OsuDifficultyCalculator(IRulesetInfo ruleset, IWorkingBeatmap beatmap)
            : base(ruleset, beatmap)
        {
        }
@@ -31,11 +31,14 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty
        protected override DifficultyAttributes CreateDifficultyAttributes(IBeatmap beatmap, Mod[] mods, Skill[] skills, double clockRate)
        {
            if (beatmap.HitObjects.Count == 0)
-                return new OsuDifficultyAttributes { Mods = mods, Skills = skills };
+                return new OsuDifficultyAttributes { Mods = mods };

            double aimRating = Math.Sqrt(skills[0].DifficultyValue()) * difficulty_multiplier;
-            double speedRating = Math.Sqrt(skills[1].DifficultyValue()) * difficulty_multiplier;
-            double flashlightRating = Math.Sqrt(skills[2].DifficultyValue()) * difficulty_multiplier;
+            double aimRatingNoSliders = Math.Sqrt(skills[1].DifficultyValue()) * difficulty_multiplier;
+            double speedRating = Math.Sqrt(skills[2].DifficultyValue()) * difficulty_multiplier;
+            double flashlightRating = Math.Sqrt(skills[3].DifficultyValue()) * difficulty_multiplier;
+
+            double sliderFactor = aimRating > 0 ? aimRatingNoSliders / aimRating : 1;

            if (mods.Any(h => h is OsuModRelax))
                speedRating = 0.0;
@@ -74,6 +77,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty
                AimStrain = aimRating,
                SpeedStrain = speedRating,
                FlashlightRating = flashlightRating,
+                SliderFactor = sliderFactor,
                ApproachRate = preempt > 1200 ? (1800 - preempt) / 120 : (1200 - preempt) / 150 + 5,
                OverallDifficulty = (80 - hitWindowGreat) / 6,
                DrainRate = drainRate,
@@ -81,7 +85,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty
                HitCircleCount = hitCirclesCount,
                SliderCount = sliderCount,
                SpinnerCount = spinnerCount,
-                Skills = skills
            };
        }

@@ -108,7 +111,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty

            return new Skill[]
            {
-                new Aim(mods),
+                new Aim(mods, true),
+                new Aim(mods, false),
                new Speed(mods, hitWindowGreat),
                new Flashlight(mods)
            };
@@ -125,6 +125,16 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty
                aimValue *= 1.0 + 0.04 * (12.0 - Attributes.ApproachRate);
            }

+            // We assume 15% of sliders in a map are difficult since there's no way to tell from the performance calculator.
+            double estimateDifficultSliders = Attributes.SliderCount * 0.15;
+
+            if (Attributes.SliderCount > 0)
+            {
+                double estimateSliderEndsDropped = Math.Clamp(Math.Min(countOk + countMeh + countMiss, Attributes.MaxCombo - scoreMaxCombo), 0, estimateDifficultSliders);
+                double sliderNerfFactor = (1 - Attributes.SliderFactor) * Math.Pow(1 - estimateSliderEndsDropped / estimateDifficultSliders, 3) + Attributes.SliderFactor;
+                aimValue *= sliderNerfFactor;
+            }
+
            aimValue *= accuracy;
            // It is important to also consider accuracy difficulty when doing that.
            aimValue *= 0.98 + Math.Pow(Attributes.OverallDifficulty, 2) / 2500;
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty.Preprocessing
        private const int normalized_radius = 50; // Change radius to 50 to make 100 the diameter. Easier for mental maths.
        private const int min_delta_time = 25;
        private const float maximum_slider_radius = normalized_radius * 2.4f;
-        private const float assumed_slider_radius = normalized_radius * 1.65f;
+        private const float assumed_slider_radius = normalized_radius * 1.8f;

        protected new OsuHitObject BaseObject => (OsuHitObject)base.BaseObject;

@@ -14,11 +14,14 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty.Skills
    /// </summary>
    public class Aim : OsuStrainSkill
    {
-        public Aim(Mod[] mods)
+        public Aim(Mod[] mods, bool withSliders)
            : base(mods)
        {
+            this.withSliders = withSliders;
        }

+        private readonly bool withSliders;
+
        protected override int HistoryLength => 2;

        private const double wide_angle_multiplier = 1.5;
@@ -44,7 +47,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty.Skills
            double currVelocity = osuCurrObj.JumpDistance / osuCurrObj.StrainTime;

            // But if the last object is a slider, then we extend the travel velocity through the slider into the current object.
-            if (osuLastObj.BaseObject is Slider)
+            if (osuLastObj.BaseObject is Slider && withSliders)
            {
                double movementVelocity = osuCurrObj.MovementDistance / osuCurrObj.MovementTime; // calculate the movement velocity from slider end to current object
                double travelVelocity = osuCurrObj.TravelDistance / osuCurrObj.TravelTime; // calculate the slider velocity from slider head to slider end.
@@ -55,7 +58,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty.Skills
            // As above, do the same for the previous hitobject.
            double prevVelocity = osuLastObj.JumpDistance / osuLastObj.StrainTime;

-            if (osuLastLastObj.BaseObject is Slider)
+            if (osuLastLastObj.BaseObject is Slider && withSliders)
            {
                double movementVelocity = osuLastObj.MovementDistance / osuLastObj.MovementTime;
                double travelVelocity = osuLastObj.TravelDistance / osuLastObj.TravelTime;
@@ -135,7 +138,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty.Skills
            aimStrain += Math.Max(acuteAngleBonus * acute_angle_multiplier, wideAngleBonus * wide_angle_multiplier + velocityChangeBonus * velocity_change_multiplier);

            // Add in additional slider velocity bonus.
-            aimStrain += sliderBonus * slider_multiplier;
+            if (withSliders)
+                aimStrain += sliderBonus * slider_multiplier;

            return aimStrain;
        }
@@ -11,9 +11,12 @@ using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Primitives;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.UserInterface;
 using osu.Framework.Input.Events;
+using osu.Framework.Utils;
+using osu.Game.Beatmaps.ControlPoints;
 using osu.Game.Graphics.UserInterface;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Edit;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects.Types;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Edit.Blueprints.Sliders.Components;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects.Drawables;
@@ -47,6 +50,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Edit.Blueprints.Sliders
        [Resolved(CanBeNull = true)]
        private IEditorChangeHandler changeHandler { get; set; }

+        [Resolved(CanBeNull = true)]
+        private BindableBeatDivisor beatDivisor { get; set; }
+
        public override Quad SelectionQuad => BodyPiece.ScreenSpaceDrawQuad;

        private readonly BindableList<PathControlPoint> controlPoints = new BindableList<PathControlPoint>();
@@ -173,6 +179,20 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Edit.Blueprints.Sliders
            }
        }

+        protected override bool OnKeyDown(KeyDownEvent e)
+        {
+            if (!IsSelected)
+                return false;
+
+            if (e.Key == Key.F && e.ControlPressed && e.ShiftPressed)
+            {
+                convertToStream();
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            return false;
+        }
+
        private int addControlPoint(Vector2 position)
        {
            position -= HitObject.Position;
@@ -234,9 +254,56 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Edit.Blueprints.Sliders
            editorBeatmap?.Update(HitObject);
        }

+        private void convertToStream()
+        {
+            if (editorBeatmap == null || changeHandler == null || beatDivisor == null)
+                return;
+
+            var timingPoint = editorBeatmap.ControlPointInfo.TimingPointAt(HitObject.StartTime);
+            double streamSpacing = timingPoint.BeatLength / beatDivisor.Value;
+
+            changeHandler.BeginChange();
+
+            int i = 0;
+            double time = HitObject.StartTime;
+
+            while (!Precision.DefinitelyBigger(time, HitObject.GetEndTime(), 1))
+            {
+                // positionWithRepeats is a fractional number in the range of [0, HitObject.SpanCount()]
+                // and indicates how many fractional spans of a slider have passed up to time.
+                double positionWithRepeats = (time - HitObject.StartTime) / HitObject.Duration * HitObject.SpanCount();
+                double pathPosition = positionWithRepeats - (int)positionWithRepeats;
+                // every second span is in the reverse direction - need to reverse the path position.
+                if (Precision.AlmostBigger(positionWithRepeats % 2, 1))
+                    pathPosition = 1 - pathPosition;
+
+                Vector2 position = HitObject.Position + HitObject.Path.PositionAt(pathPosition);
+
+                var samplePoint = (SampleControlPoint)HitObject.SampleControlPoint.DeepClone();
+                samplePoint.Time = time;
+
+                editorBeatmap.Add(new HitCircle
+                {
+                    StartTime = time,
+                    Position = position,
+                    NewCombo = i == 0 && HitObject.NewCombo,
+                    SampleControlPoint = samplePoint,
+                    Samples = HitObject.HeadCircle.Samples.Select(s => s.With()).ToList()
+                });
+
+                i += 1;
+                time = HitObject.StartTime + i * streamSpacing;
+            }
+
+            editorBeatmap.Remove(HitObject);
+
+            changeHandler.EndChange();
+        }
+
        public override MenuItem[] ContextMenuItems => new MenuItem[]
        {
            new OsuMenuItem("Add control point", MenuItemType.Standard, () => addControlPoint(rightClickPosition)),
+            new OsuMenuItem("Convert to stream", MenuItemType.Destructive, convertToStream),
        };

        // Always refer to the drawable object's slider body so subsequent movement deltas are calculated with updated positions.
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.

 using System;
@@ -26,12 +26,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Mods
        public BindableFloat Scale { get; } = new BindableFloat(4)
        {
            Precision = 0.1f,
-            MinValue = 2,
+            MinValue = 1.5f,
            MaxValue = 10,
        };

        [SettingSource("Style", "Change the animation style of the approach circles.", 1)]
-        public Bindable<AnimationStyle> Style { get; } = new Bindable<AnimationStyle>();
+        public Bindable<AnimationStyle> Style { get; } = new Bindable<AnimationStyle>(AnimationStyle.Gravity);

        public void ApplyToDrawableHitObject(DrawableHitObject drawable)
        {
@@ -52,9 +52,18 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Mods
        {
            switch (style)
            {
-                default:
+                case AnimationStyle.Linear:
                    return Easing.None;

+                case AnimationStyle.Gravity:
+                    return Easing.InBack;
+
+                case AnimationStyle.InOut1:
+                    return Easing.InOutCubic;
+
+                case AnimationStyle.InOut2:
+                    return Easing.InOutQuint;
+
                case AnimationStyle.Accelerate1:
                    return Easing.In;

@@ -64,9 +73,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Mods
                case AnimationStyle.Accelerate3:
                    return Easing.InQuint;

-                case AnimationStyle.Gravity:
-                    return Easing.InBack;
-
                case AnimationStyle.Decelerate1:
                    return Easing.Out;

@@ -76,16 +82,14 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Mods
                case AnimationStyle.Decelerate3:
                    return Easing.OutQuint;

-                case AnimationStyle.InOut1:
-                    return Easing.InOutCubic;
-
-                case AnimationStyle.InOut2:
-                    return Easing.InOutQuint;
+                default:
+                    throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(style), style, @"Unsupported animation style");
            }
        }

        public enum AnimationStyle
        {
+            Linear,
            Gravity,
            InOut1,
            InOut2,
@@ -4,52 +4,29 @@
 using System;
 using System.Linq;
 using osu.Framework.Bindables;
-using osu.Framework.Graphics;
-using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
-using osu.Framework.Localisation;
 using osu.Framework.Utils;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
 using osu.Game.Configuration;
-using osu.Game.Graphics.UserInterface;
 using osu.Game.Overlays.Settings;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.UI;
-using osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring;
-using osu.Game.Scoring;
-using osu.Game.Screens.Play;
 using osu.Game.Utils;

 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Mods
 {
-    public class OsuModNoScope : Mod, IUpdatableByPlayfield, IApplicableToScoreProcessor, IApplicableToPlayer, IApplicableToBeatmap
+    public class OsuModNoScope : ModNoScope, IUpdatableByPlayfield, IApplicableToBeatmap
    {
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Slightly higher than the cutoff for <see cref="Drawable.IsPresent"/>.
-        /// </summary>
-        private const float min_alpha = 0.0002f;
-
-        private const float transition_duration = 100;
-
-        public override string Name => "No Scope";
-        public override string Acronym => "NS";
-        public override ModType Type => ModType.Fun;
-        public override IconUsage? Icon => FontAwesome.Solid.EyeSlash;
        public override string Description => "Where's the cursor?";
-        public override double ScoreMultiplier => 1;

-        private BindableNumber<int> currentCombo;
-        private IBindable<bool> isBreakTime;
        private PeriodTracker spinnerPeriods;

-        private float comboBasedAlpha;
-
        [SettingSource(
            "Hidden at combo",
            "The combo count at which the cursor becomes completely hidden",
            SettingControlType = typeof(SettingsSlider<int, HiddenComboSlider>)
        )]
-        public BindableInt HiddenComboCount { get; } = new BindableInt
+        public override BindableInt HiddenComboCount { get; } = new BindableInt
        {
            Default = 10,
            Value = 10,
@@ -57,39 +34,16 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Mods
            MaxValue = 50,
        };

-        public ScoreRank AdjustRank(ScoreRank rank, double accuracy) => rank;
-
-        public void ApplyToPlayer(Player player)
-        {
-            isBreakTime = player.IsBreakTime.GetBoundCopy();
-        }
-
        public void ApplyToBeatmap(IBeatmap beatmap)
        {
-            spinnerPeriods = new PeriodTracker(beatmap.HitObjects.OfType<Spinner>().Select(b => new Period(b.StartTime - transition_duration, b.EndTime)));
+            spinnerPeriods = new PeriodTracker(beatmap.HitObjects.OfType<Spinner>().Select(b => new Period(b.StartTime - TRANSITION_DURATION, b.EndTime)));
        }

-        public void ApplyToScoreProcessor(ScoreProcessor scoreProcessor)
+        public void Update(Playfield playfield)
        {
-            if (HiddenComboCount.Value == 0) return;
-
-            currentCombo = scoreProcessor.Combo.GetBoundCopy();
-            currentCombo.BindValueChanged(combo =>
-            {
-                comboBasedAlpha = Math.Max(min_alpha, 1 - (float)combo.NewValue / HiddenComboCount.Value);
-            }, true);
+            bool shouldAlwaysShowCursor = IsBreakTime.Value || spinnerPeriods.IsInAny(playfield.Clock.CurrentTime);
+            float targetAlpha = shouldAlwaysShowCursor ? 1 : ComboBasedAlpha;
+            playfield.Cursor.Alpha = (float)Interpolation.Lerp(playfield.Cursor.Alpha, targetAlpha, Math.Clamp(playfield.Time.Elapsed / TRANSITION_DURATION, 0, 1));
        }
-
-        public virtual void Update(Playfield playfield)
-        {
-            bool shouldAlwaysShowCursor = isBreakTime.Value || spinnerPeriods.IsInAny(playfield.Clock.CurrentTime);
-            float targetAlpha = shouldAlwaysShowCursor ? 1 : comboBasedAlpha;
-            playfield.Cursor.Alpha = (float)Interpolation.Lerp(playfield.Cursor.Alpha, targetAlpha, Math.Clamp(playfield.Time.Elapsed / transition_duration, 0, 1));
-        }
-    }
-
-    public class HiddenComboSlider : OsuSliderBar<int>
-    {
-        public override LocalisableString TooltipText => Current.Value == 0 ? "always hidden" : base.TooltipText;
    }
 }
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu

        public override Drawable CreateIcon() => new SpriteIcon { Icon = OsuIcon.RulesetOsu };

-        public override DifficultyCalculator CreateDifficultyCalculator(WorkingBeatmap beatmap) => new OsuDifficultyCalculator(this, beatmap);
+        public override DifficultyCalculator CreateDifficultyCalculator(IWorkingBeatmap beatmap) => new OsuDifficultyCalculator(RulesetInfo, beatmap);

        public override PerformanceCalculator CreatePerformanceCalculator(DifficultyAttributes attributes, ScoreInfo score) => new OsuPerformanceCalculator(this, attributes, score);

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.

+using osu.Framework.iOS;
 using UIKit;

 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Taiko.Tests.iOS
@@ -9,7 +10,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Taiko.Tests.iOS
    {
        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
-            UIApplication.Main(args, "GameUIApplication", "AppDelegate");
+            UIApplication.Main(args, typeof(GameUIApplication), typeof(AppDelegate));
        }
    }
 }
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Taiko.Tests
            var controlPointInfo = new ControlPointInfo();
            controlPointInfo.Add(0, new TimingControlPoint());

-            WorkingBeatmap beatmap = CreateWorkingBeatmap(new Beatmap
+            IWorkingBeatmap beatmap = CreateWorkingBeatmap(new Beatmap
            {
                HitObjects = new List<HitObject> { new Hit { Type = HitType.Centre } },
                BeatmapInfo = new BeatmapInfo
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Taiko.Tests.Editor
                editorBeatmap.BeatmapInfo.Metadata.Artist = "artist";
                editorBeatmap.BeatmapInfo.Metadata.Title = "title";
            });
-            AddStep("Set difficulty name", () => editorBeatmap.BeatmapInfo.Version = "difficulty");
+            AddStep("Set difficulty name", () => editorBeatmap.BeatmapInfo.DifficultyName = "difficulty");

            checkMutations();

@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Taiko.Tests.Editor
                return Precision.AlmostEquals(taikoDifficulty.SliderMultiplier, 2);
            });
            AddAssert("Beatmap has correct metadata", () => editorBeatmap.BeatmapInfo.Metadata.Artist == "artist" && editorBeatmap.BeatmapInfo.Metadata.Title == "title");
-            AddAssert("Beatmap has correct difficulty name", () => editorBeatmap.BeatmapInfo.Version == "difficulty");
+            AddAssert("Beatmap has correct difficulty name", () => editorBeatmap.BeatmapInfo.DifficultyName == "difficulty");
        }
    }
 }
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Taiko.Tests
        public void TestClockRateAdjusted(double expected, string name)
            => Test(expected, name, new TaikoModDoubleTime());

-        protected override DifficultyCalculator CreateDifficultyCalculator(WorkingBeatmap beatmap) => new TaikoDifficultyCalculator(new TaikoRuleset(), beatmap);
+        protected override DifficultyCalculator CreateDifficultyCalculator(IWorkingBeatmap beatmap) => new TaikoDifficultyCalculator(new TaikoRuleset().RulesetInfo, beatmap);

        protected override Ruleset CreateRuleset() => new TaikoRuleset();
    }
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
    <PackageReference Include="Appveyor.TestLogger" Version="2.0.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk" Version="17.0.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="NUnit" Version="3.13.2" />
-    <PackageReference Include="NUnit3TestAdapter" Version="4.0.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="NUnit3TestAdapter" Version="4.1.0" />
    <PackageReference Update="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Sqlite" Version="2.1.4" />
  </ItemGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Label="Project">
@@ -1,16 +1,46 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.

+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using Newtonsoft.Json;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Difficulty;

 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Taiko.Difficulty
 {
    public class TaikoDifficultyAttributes : DifficultyAttributes
    {
+        [JsonProperty("stamina_strain")]
        public double StaminaStrain { get; set; }
+
+        [JsonProperty("rhythm_strain")]
        public double RhythmStrain { get; set; }
+
+        [JsonProperty("colour_strain")]
        public double ColourStrain { get; set; }
+
+        [JsonProperty("approach_rate")]
        public double ApproachRate { get; set; }
+
+        [JsonProperty("great_hit_window")]
        public double GreatHitWindow { get; set; }
+
+        public override IEnumerable<(int attributeId, object value)> ToDatabaseAttributes()
+        {
+            foreach (var v in base.ToDatabaseAttributes())
+                yield return v;
+
+            yield return (ATTRIB_ID_MAX_COMBO, MaxCombo);
+            yield return (ATTRIB_ID_STRAIN, StarRating);
+            yield return (ATTRIB_ID_GREAT_HIT_WINDOW, GreatHitWindow);
+        }
+
+        public override void FromDatabaseAttributes(IReadOnlyDictionary<int, double> values)
+        {
+            base.FromDatabaseAttributes(values);
+
+            MaxCombo = (int)values[ATTRIB_ID_MAX_COMBO];
+            StarRating = values[ATTRIB_ID_STRAIN];
+            GreatHitWindow = values[ATTRIB_ID_GREAT_HIT_WINDOW];
+        }
    }
 }
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Taiko.Difficulty
        private const double colour_skill_multiplier = 0.01;
        private const double stamina_skill_multiplier = 0.02;

-        public TaikoDifficultyCalculator(Ruleset ruleset, WorkingBeatmap beatmap)
+        public TaikoDifficultyCalculator(IRulesetInfo ruleset, IWorkingBeatmap beatmap)
            : base(ruleset, beatmap)
        {
        }
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Taiko.Difficulty
        protected override DifficultyAttributes CreateDifficultyAttributes(IBeatmap beatmap, Mod[] mods, Skill[] skills, double clockRate)
        {
            if (beatmap.HitObjects.Count == 0)
-                return new TaikoDifficultyAttributes { Mods = mods, Skills = skills };
+                return new TaikoDifficultyAttributes { Mods = mods };

            var colour = (Colour)skills[0];
            var rhythm = (Rhythm)skills[1];
@@ -96,7 +96,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Taiko.Difficulty
                ColourStrain = colourRating,
                GreatHitWindow = hitWindows.WindowFor(HitResult.Great) / clockRate,
                MaxCombo = beatmap.HitObjects.Count(h => h is Hit),
-                Skills = skills
            };
        }

@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Taiko

        public override HitObjectComposer CreateHitObjectComposer() => new TaikoHitObjectComposer(this);

-        public override DifficultyCalculator CreateDifficultyCalculator(WorkingBeatmap beatmap) => new TaikoDifficultyCalculator(this, beatmap);
+        public override DifficultyCalculator CreateDifficultyCalculator(IWorkingBeatmap beatmap) => new TaikoDifficultyCalculator(RulesetInfo, beatmap);

        public override PerformanceCalculator CreatePerformanceCalculator(DifficultyAttributes attributes, ScoreInfo score) => new TaikoPerformanceCalculator(this, attributes, score);

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.

+using osu.Framework.iOS;
 using UIKit;

 namespace osu.Game.Tests.iOS
@@ -9,7 +10,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.iOS
    {
        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
-            UIApplication.Main(args, "GameUIApplication", "AppDelegate");
+            UIApplication.Main(args, typeof(GameUIApplication), typeof(AppDelegate));
        }
    }
 }
@@ -113,11 +113,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Beatmaps.Formats
                Assert.AreEqual("Soleily", metadata.Artist);
                Assert.AreEqual("Soleily", metadata.ArtistUnicode);
                Assert.AreEqual("Gamu", metadata.Author.Username);
-                Assert.AreEqual("Insane", beatmapInfo.Version);
+                Assert.AreEqual("Insane", beatmapInfo.DifficultyName);
                Assert.AreEqual(string.Empty, metadata.Source);
                Assert.AreEqual("MBC7 Unisphere 地球ヤバイEP Chikyu Yabai", metadata.Tags);
-                Assert.AreEqual(557821, beatmapInfo.OnlineBeatmapID);
-                Assert.AreEqual(241526, beatmapInfo.BeatmapSet.OnlineBeatmapSetID);
+                Assert.AreEqual(557821, beatmapInfo.OnlineID);
+                Assert.AreEqual(241526, beatmapInfo.BeatmapSet.OnlineID);
            }
        }

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Beatmaps.Formats
            {
                var score = decoder.Parse(resourceStream);

-                Assert.AreEqual(3, score.ScoreInfo.Ruleset.ID);
+                Assert.AreEqual(3, score.ScoreInfo.Ruleset.OnlineID);

                Assert.AreEqual(2, score.ScoreInfo.Statistics[HitResult.Great]);
                Assert.AreEqual(1, score.ScoreInfo.Statistics[HitResult.Good]);
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Beatmaps.Formats
        {
            var beatmap = decodeAsJson(normal);
            var meta = beatmap.BeatmapInfo.Metadata;
-            Assert.AreEqual(241526, beatmap.BeatmapInfo.BeatmapSet.OnlineBeatmapSetID);
+            Assert.AreEqual(241526, beatmap.BeatmapInfo.BeatmapSet.OnlineID);
            Assert.AreEqual("Soleily", meta.Artist);
            Assert.AreEqual("Soleily", meta.ArtistUnicode);
            Assert.AreEqual("03. Renatus - Soleily 192kbps.mp3", meta.AudioFile);
@@ -16,8 +16,10 @@ using osu.Framework.Extensions.ObjectExtensions;
 using osu.Framework.Logging;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
 using osu.Game.Database;
+using osu.Game.Extensions;
 using osu.Game.IO;
 using osu.Game.Online.API.Requests.Responses;
+using osu.Game.Overlays.Notifications;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects;
 using osu.Game.Scoring;
@@ -362,15 +364,15 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Beatmaps.IO
                    var files = osu.Dependencies.Get<FileStore>();

                    long originalLength;
-                    using (var stream = files.Storage.GetStream(firstFile.FileInfo.StoragePath))
+                    using (var stream = files.Storage.GetStream(firstFile.FileInfo.GetStoragePath()))
                        originalLength = stream.Length;

-                    using (var stream = files.Storage.GetStream(firstFile.FileInfo.StoragePath, FileAccess.Write, FileMode.Create))
+                    using (var stream = files.Storage.GetStream(firstFile.FileInfo.GetStoragePath(), FileAccess.Write, FileMode.Create))
                        stream.WriteByte(0);

                    var importedSecondTime = await LoadOszIntoOsu(osu);

-                    using (var stream = files.Storage.GetStream(firstFile.FileInfo.StoragePath))
+                    using (var stream = files.Storage.GetStream(firstFile.FileInfo.GetStoragePath()))
                        Assert.AreEqual(stream.Length, originalLength, "Corruption was not fixed on second import");

                    // check the newly "imported" beatmap is actually just the restored previous import. since it matches hash.
@@ -387,6 +389,41 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Beatmaps.IO
            }
        }

+        [Test]
+        public async Task TestModelCreationFailureDoesntReturn()
+        {
+            using (HeadlessGameHost host = new CleanRunHeadlessGameHost(nameof(ImportBeatmapTest)))
+            {
+                try
+                {
+                    var osu = LoadOsuIntoHost(host);
+                    var importer = osu.Dependencies.Get<BeatmapManager>();
+
+                    var progressNotification = new ImportProgressNotification();
+
+                    var zipStream = new MemoryStream();
+
+                    using (var zip = ZipArchive.Create())
+                        zip.SaveTo(zipStream, new ZipWriterOptions(CompressionType.Deflate));
+
+                    var imported = await importer.Import(
+                        progressNotification,
+                        new ImportTask(zipStream, string.Empty)
+                    );
+
+                    checkBeatmapSetCount(osu, 0);
+                    checkBeatmapCount(osu, 0);
+
+                    Assert.IsEmpty(imported);
+                    Assert.AreEqual(ProgressNotificationState.Cancelled, progressNotification.State);
+                }
+                finally
+                {
+                    host.Exit();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
        [Test]
        public async Task TestRollbackOnFailure()
        {
@@ -506,7 +543,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Beatmaps.IO
                    var imported = await LoadOszIntoOsu(osu);

                    foreach (var b in imported.Beatmaps)
-                        b.OnlineBeatmapID = null;
+                        b.OnlineID = null;

                    osu.Dependencies.Get<BeatmapManager>().Update(imported);

@@ -545,21 +582,21 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Beatmaps.IO

                    var toImport = new BeatmapSetInfo
                    {
-                        OnlineBeatmapSetID = 1,
+                        OnlineID = 1,
                        Metadata = metadata,
-                        Beatmaps = new List<BeatmapInfo>
+                        Beatmaps =
                        {
                            new BeatmapInfo
                            {
-                                OnlineBeatmapID = 2,
+                                OnlineID = 2,
                                Metadata = metadata,
                                BaseDifficulty = difficulty
                            },
                            new BeatmapInfo
                            {
-                                OnlineBeatmapID = 2,
+                                OnlineID = 2,
                                Metadata = metadata,
-                                Status = BeatmapSetOnlineStatus.Loved,
+                                Status = BeatmapOnlineStatus.Loved,
                                BaseDifficulty = difficulty
                            }
                        }
@@ -570,8 +607,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Beatmaps.IO
                    var imported = await manager.Import(toImport);

                    Assert.NotNull(imported);
-                    Assert.AreEqual(null, imported.Value.Beatmaps[0].OnlineBeatmapID);
-                    Assert.AreEqual(null, imported.Value.Beatmaps[1].OnlineBeatmapID);
+                    Assert.AreEqual(null, imported.Value.Beatmaps[0].OnlineID);
+                    Assert.AreEqual(null, imported.Value.Beatmaps[1].OnlineID);
                }
                finally
                {
@@ -790,12 +827,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Beatmaps.IO
                    // Update via the beatmap, not the beatmap info, to ensure correct linking
                    BeatmapSetInfo setToUpdate = manager.GetAllUsableBeatmapSets()[0];
                    Beatmap beatmapToUpdate = (Beatmap)manager.GetWorkingBeatmap(setToUpdate.Beatmaps.First(b => b.RulesetID == 0)).Beatmap;
-                    beatmapToUpdate.BeatmapInfo.Version = "updated";
+                    beatmapToUpdate.BeatmapInfo.DifficultyName = "updated";

                    manager.Update(setToUpdate);

                    BeatmapInfo updatedInfo = manager.QueryBeatmap(b => b.ID == beatmapToUpdate.BeatmapInfo.ID);
-                    Assert.That(updatedInfo.Version, Is.EqualTo("updated"));
+                    Assert.That(updatedInfo.DifficultyName, Is.EqualTo("updated"));
                }
                finally
                {
@@ -863,7 +900,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Beatmaps.IO

                    var beatmap = working.Beatmap;

-                    beatmap.BeatmapInfo.Version = "difficulty";
+                    beatmap.BeatmapInfo.DifficultyName = "difficulty";
                    beatmap.BeatmapInfo.Metadata = new BeatmapMetadata
                    {
                        Artist = "Artist/With\\Slashes",
@@ -1013,20 +1050,20 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Beatmaps.IO

        private static void checkSingleReferencedFileCount(OsuGameBase osu, int expected)
        {
-            Assert.AreEqual(expected, osu.Dependencies.Get<FileStore>().QueryFiles(f => f.ReferenceCount == 1).Count());
+            Assert.AreEqual(expected, osu.Dependencies.Get<DatabaseContextFactory>().Get().FileInfo.Count(f => f.ReferenceCount == 1));
        }

        private static void ensureLoaded(OsuGameBase osu, int timeout = 60000)
        {
            IEnumerable<BeatmapSetInfo> resultSets = null;
            var store = osu.Dependencies.Get<BeatmapManager>();
-            waitForOrAssert(() => (resultSets = store.QueryBeatmapSets(s => s.OnlineBeatmapSetID == 241526)).Any(),
+            waitForOrAssert(() => (resultSets = store.QueryBeatmapSets(s => s.OnlineID == 241526)).Any(),
                @"BeatmapSet did not import to the database in allocated time.", timeout);

            // ensure we were stored to beatmap database backing...
            Assert.IsTrue(resultSets.Count() == 1, $@"Incorrect result count found ({resultSets.Count()} but should be 1).");
-            IEnumerable<BeatmapInfo> queryBeatmaps() => store.QueryBeatmaps(s => s.BeatmapSet.OnlineBeatmapSetID == 241526 && s.BaseDifficultyID > 0);
-            IEnumerable<BeatmapSetInfo> queryBeatmapSets() => store.QueryBeatmapSets(s => s.OnlineBeatmapSetID == 241526);
+            IEnumerable<BeatmapInfo> queryBeatmaps() => store.QueryBeatmaps(s => s.BeatmapSet.OnlineID == 241526 && s.BaseDifficultyID > 0);
+            IEnumerable<BeatmapSetInfo> queryBeatmapSets() => store.QueryBeatmapSets(s => s.OnlineID == 241526);

            // if we don't re-check here, the set will be inserted but the beatmaps won't be present yet.
            waitForOrAssert(() => queryBeatmaps().Count() == 12,
@@ -1042,7 +1079,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Beatmaps.IO

            var set = queryBeatmapSets().First();
            foreach (BeatmapInfo b in set.Beatmaps)
-                Assert.IsTrue(set.Beatmaps.Any(c => c.OnlineBeatmapID == b.OnlineBeatmapID));
+                Assert.IsTrue(set.Beatmaps.Any(c => c.OnlineID == b.OnlineID));
            Assert.IsTrue(set.Beatmaps.Count > 0);
            var beatmap = store.GetWorkingBeatmap(set.Beatmaps.First(b => b.RulesetID == 0))?.Beatmap;
            Assert.IsTrue(beatmap?.HitObjects.Any() == true);
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Beatmaps.IO

                var meta = beatmap.Metadata;

-                Assert.AreEqual(241526, beatmap.BeatmapInfo.BeatmapSet.OnlineBeatmapSetID);
+                Assert.AreEqual(241526, beatmap.BeatmapInfo.BeatmapSet.OnlineID);
                Assert.AreEqual("Soleily", meta.Artist);
                Assert.AreEqual("Soleily", meta.ArtistUnicode);
                Assert.AreEqual("03. Renatus - Soleily 192kbps.mp3", meta.AudioFile);
@@ -100,8 +100,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Beatmaps
        [Test]
        public void TestKeyEqualsWithDifferentModInstances()
        {
-            var key1 = new BeatmapDifficultyCache.DifficultyCacheLookup(new BeatmapInfo { ID = 1234 }, new RulesetInfo { ID = 0 }, new Mod[] { new OsuModHardRock(), new OsuModHidden() });
-            var key2 = new BeatmapDifficultyCache.DifficultyCacheLookup(new BeatmapInfo { ID = 1234 }, new RulesetInfo { ID = 0 }, new Mod[] { new OsuModHardRock(), new OsuModHidden() });
+            var key1 = new BeatmapDifficultyCache.DifficultyCacheLookup(new BeatmapInfo { ID = 1234 }, new RulesetInfo { OnlineID = 0 }, new Mod[] { new OsuModHardRock(), new OsuModHidden() });
+            var key2 = new BeatmapDifficultyCache.DifficultyCacheLookup(new BeatmapInfo { ID = 1234 }, new RulesetInfo { OnlineID = 0 }, new Mod[] { new OsuModHardRock(), new OsuModHidden() });

            Assert.That(key1, Is.EqualTo(key2));
            Assert.That(key1.GetHashCode(), Is.EqualTo(key2.GetHashCode()));
@@ -110,8 +110,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Beatmaps
        [Test]
        public void TestKeyEqualsWithDifferentModOrder()
        {
-            var key1 = new BeatmapDifficultyCache.DifficultyCacheLookup(new BeatmapInfo { ID = 1234 }, new RulesetInfo { ID = 0 }, new Mod[] { new OsuModHardRock(), new OsuModHidden() });
-            var key2 = new BeatmapDifficultyCache.DifficultyCacheLookup(new BeatmapInfo { ID = 1234 }, new RulesetInfo { ID = 0 }, new Mod[] { new OsuModHidden(), new OsuModHardRock() });
+            var key1 = new BeatmapDifficultyCache.DifficultyCacheLookup(new BeatmapInfo { ID = 1234 }, new RulesetInfo { OnlineID = 0 }, new Mod[] { new OsuModHardRock(), new OsuModHidden() });
+            var key2 = new BeatmapDifficultyCache.DifficultyCacheLookup(new BeatmapInfo { ID = 1234 }, new RulesetInfo { OnlineID = 0 }, new Mod[] { new OsuModHidden(), new OsuModHardRock() });

            Assert.That(key1, Is.EqualTo(key2));
            Assert.That(key1.GetHashCode(), Is.EqualTo(key2.GetHashCode()));
@@ -120,8 +120,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Beatmaps
        [Test]
        public void TestKeyDoesntEqualWithDifferentModSettings()
        {
-            var key1 = new BeatmapDifficultyCache.DifficultyCacheLookup(new BeatmapInfo { ID = 1234 }, new RulesetInfo { ID = 0 }, new Mod[] { new OsuModDoubleTime { SpeedChange = { Value = 1.1 } } });
-            var key2 = new BeatmapDifficultyCache.DifficultyCacheLookup(new BeatmapInfo { ID = 1234 }, new RulesetInfo { ID = 0 }, new Mod[] { new OsuModDoubleTime { SpeedChange = { Value = 1.9 } } });
+            var key1 = new BeatmapDifficultyCache.DifficultyCacheLookup(new BeatmapInfo { ID = 1234 }, new RulesetInfo { OnlineID = 0 }, new Mod[] { new OsuModDoubleTime { SpeedChange = { Value = 1.1 } } });
+            var key2 = new BeatmapDifficultyCache.DifficultyCacheLookup(new BeatmapInfo { ID = 1234 }, new RulesetInfo { OnlineID = 0 }, new Mod[] { new OsuModDoubleTime { SpeedChange = { Value = 1.9 } } });

            Assert.That(key1, Is.Not.EqualTo(key2));
            Assert.That(key1.GetHashCode(), Is.Not.EqualTo(key2.GetHashCode()));
@@ -130,8 +130,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Beatmaps
        [Test]
        public void TestKeyEqualWithMatchingModSettings()
        {
-            var key1 = new BeatmapDifficultyCache.DifficultyCacheLookup(new BeatmapInfo { ID = 1234 }, new RulesetInfo { ID = 0 }, new Mod[] { new OsuModDoubleTime { SpeedChange = { Value = 1.25 } } });
-            var key2 = new BeatmapDifficultyCache.DifficultyCacheLookup(new BeatmapInfo { ID = 1234 }, new RulesetInfo { ID = 0 }, new Mod[] { new OsuModDoubleTime { SpeedChange = { Value = 1.25 } } });
+            var key1 = new BeatmapDifficultyCache.DifficultyCacheLookup(new BeatmapInfo { ID = 1234 }, new RulesetInfo { OnlineID = 0 }, new Mod[] { new OsuModDoubleTime { SpeedChange = { Value = 1.25 } } });
+            var key2 = new BeatmapDifficultyCache.DifficultyCacheLookup(new BeatmapInfo { ID = 1234 }, new RulesetInfo { OnlineID = 0 }, new Mod[] { new OsuModDoubleTime { SpeedChange = { Value = 1.25 } } });

            Assert.That(key1, Is.EqualTo(key2));
            Assert.That(key1.GetHashCode(), Is.EqualTo(key2.GetHashCode()));
@@ -164,9 +164,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Beatmaps
        {
            public Func<DifficultyCacheLookup, StarDifficulty> ComputeDifficulty { get; set; }

-            protected override Task<StarDifficulty> ComputeValueAsync(DifficultyCacheLookup lookup, CancellationToken token = default)
+            protected override Task<StarDifficulty?> ComputeValueAsync(DifficultyCacheLookup lookup, CancellationToken token = default)
            {
-                return Task.FromResult(ComputeDifficulty?.Invoke(lookup) ?? new StarDifficulty(BASE_STARS, 0));
+                return Task.FromResult<StarDifficulty?>(ComputeDifficulty?.Invoke(lookup) ?? new StarDifficulty(BASE_STARS, 0));
            }
        }
    }
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Beatmaps
                    Title = "title",
                    Author = new APIUser { Username = "creator" }
                },
-                Version = "difficulty"
+                DifficultyName = "difficulty"
            };

            Assert.That(beatmap.ToString(), Is.EqualTo("artist - title (creator) [difficulty]"));
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Threading;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
+using Moq;
+using NUnit.Framework;
+using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Beatmaps;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Tests.Beatmaps
+{
+    [TestFixture]
+    public class WorkingBeatmapTest
+    {
+        [Test]
+        public void TestGetPlayableSuccess()
+        {
+            var working = new TestNeverLoadsWorkingBeatmap();
+
+            working.ResetEvent.Set();
+
+            Assert.NotNull(working.GetPlayableBeatmap(new OsuRuleset().RulesetInfo));
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestGetPlayableCancellationToken()
+        {
+            var working = new TestNeverLoadsWorkingBeatmap();
+
+            var cts = new CancellationTokenSource();
+            var loadStarted = new ManualResetEventSlim();
+            var loadCompleted = new ManualResetEventSlim();
+
+            Task.Factory.StartNew(() =>
+            {
+                loadStarted.Set();
+                Assert.Throws<OperationCanceledException>(() => working.GetPlayableBeatmap(new OsuRuleset().RulesetInfo, Array.Empty<Mod>(), cts.Token));
+                loadCompleted.Set();
+            }, TaskCreationOptions.LongRunning);
+
+            Assert.IsTrue(loadStarted.Wait(10000));
+
+            cts.Cancel();
+
+            Assert.IsTrue(loadCompleted.Wait(10000));
+
+            working.ResetEvent.Set();
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestGetPlayableDefaultTimeout()
+        {
+            var working = new TestNeverLoadsWorkingBeatmap();
+
+            Assert.Throws(Is.InstanceOf<TimeoutException>(), () => working.GetPlayableBeatmap(new OsuRuleset().RulesetInfo));
+
+            working.ResetEvent.Set();
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestGetPlayableRulesetLoadFailure()
+        {
+            var working = new TestWorkingBeatmap(new Beatmap());
+
+            // by default mocks return nulls if not set up, which is actually desired here to simulate a ruleset load failure scenario.
+            var ruleset = new Mock<IRulesetInfo>();
+
+            Assert.Throws<RulesetLoadException>(() => working.GetPlayableBeatmap(ruleset.Object));
+        }
+
+        public class TestNeverLoadsWorkingBeatmap : TestWorkingBeatmap
+        {
+            public ManualResetEventSlim ResetEvent = new ManualResetEventSlim();
+
+            public TestNeverLoadsWorkingBeatmap()
+                : base(new Beatmap())
+            {
+            }
+
+            protected override IBeatmapConverter CreateBeatmapConverter(IBeatmap beatmap, Ruleset ruleset) => new TestConverter(beatmap, ResetEvent);
+
+            public class TestConverter : IBeatmapConverter
+            {
+                private readonly ManualResetEventSlim resetEvent;
+
+                public TestConverter(IBeatmap beatmap, ManualResetEventSlim resetEvent)
+                {
+                    this.resetEvent = resetEvent;
+                    Beatmap = beatmap;
+                }
+
+                public event Action<HitObject, IEnumerable<HitObject>> ObjectConverted;
+
+                protected virtual void OnObjectConverted(HitObject arg1, IEnumerable<HitObject> arg2) => ObjectConverted?.Invoke(arg1, arg2);
+
+                public IBeatmap Beatmap { get; }
+
+                public bool CanConvert() => true;
+
+                public IBeatmap Convert(CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
+                {
+                    resetEvent.Wait(cancellationToken);
+                    return new OsuBeatmap();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
@@ -12,10 +12,13 @@ using NUnit.Framework;
 using osu.Framework.Extensions;
 using osu.Framework.Extensions.ObjectExtensions;
 using osu.Framework.Logging;
+using osu.Framework.Platform;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
 using osu.Game.Database;
+using osu.Game.Extensions;
 using osu.Game.IO.Archives;
 using osu.Game.Models;
+using osu.Game.Overlays.Notifications;
 using osu.Game.Stores;
 using osu.Game.Tests.Resources;
 using Realms;
@@ -72,6 +75,24 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Database
            });
        }

+        [Test]
+        public void TestAccessFileAfterImport()
+        {
+            RunTestWithRealmAsync(async (realmFactory, storage) =>
+            {
+                using var importer = new BeatmapImporter(realmFactory, storage);
+                using var store = new RealmRulesetStore(realmFactory, storage);
+
+                var imported = await LoadOszIntoStore(importer, realmFactory.Context);
+
+                var beatmap = imported.Beatmaps.First();
+                var file = beatmap.File;
+
+                Assert.NotNull(file);
+                Assert.AreEqual(beatmap.Hash, file!.File.Hash);
+            });
+        }
+
        [Test]
        public void TestImportThenDelete()
        {
@@ -347,15 +368,15 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Database
                var firstFile = imported.Files.First();

                long originalLength;
-                using (var stream = storage.GetStream(firstFile.File.StoragePath))
+                using (var stream = storage.GetStream(firstFile.File.GetStoragePath()))
                    originalLength = stream.Length;

-                using (var stream = storage.GetStream(firstFile.File.StoragePath, FileAccess.Write, FileMode.Create))
+                using (var stream = storage.GetStream(firstFile.File.GetStoragePath(), FileAccess.Write, FileMode.Create))
                    stream.WriteByte(0);

                var importedSecondTime = await LoadOszIntoStore(importer, realmFactory.Context);

-                using (var stream = storage.GetStream(firstFile.File.StoragePath))
+                using (var stream = storage.GetStream(firstFile.File.GetStoragePath()))
                    Assert.AreEqual(stream.Length, originalLength, "Corruption was not fixed on second import");

                // check the newly "imported" beatmap is actually just the restored previous import. since it matches hash.
@@ -367,6 +388,34 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Database
            });
        }

+        [Test]
+        public void TestModelCreationFailureDoesntReturn()
+        {
+            RunTestWithRealmAsync(async (realmFactory, storage) =>
+            {
+                using var importer = new BeatmapImporter(realmFactory, storage);
+                using var store = new RealmRulesetStore(realmFactory, storage);
+
+                var progressNotification = new ImportProgressNotification();
+
+                var zipStream = new MemoryStream();
+
+                using (var zip = ZipArchive.Create())
+                    zip.SaveTo(zipStream, new ZipWriterOptions(CompressionType.Deflate));
+
+                var imported = await importer.Import(
+                    progressNotification,
+                    new ImportTask(zipStream, string.Empty)
+                );
+
+                checkBeatmapSetCount(realmFactory.Context, 0);
+                checkBeatmapCount(realmFactory.Context, 0);
+
+                Assert.IsEmpty(imported);
+                Assert.AreEqual(ProgressNotificationState.Cancelled, progressNotification.State);
+            });
+        }
+
        [Test]
        public void TestRollbackOnFailure()
        {
@@ -426,7 +475,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Database
        }

        [Test]
-        public void TestImportThenDeleteThenImport()
+        public void TestImportThenDeleteThenImportOptimisedPath()
        {
            RunTestWithRealmAsync(async (realmFactory, storage) =>
            {
@@ -437,11 +486,39 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Database

                deleteBeatmapSet(imported, realmFactory.Context);

+                Assert.IsTrue(imported.DeletePending);
+
                var importedSecondTime = await LoadOszIntoStore(importer, realmFactory.Context);

                // check the newly "imported" beatmap is actually just the restored previous import. since it matches hash.
                Assert.IsTrue(imported.ID == importedSecondTime.ID);
                Assert.IsTrue(imported.Beatmaps.First().ID == importedSecondTime.Beatmaps.First().ID);
+                Assert.IsFalse(imported.DeletePending);
+                Assert.IsFalse(importedSecondTime.DeletePending);
+            });
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestImportThenDeleteThenImportNonOptimisedPath()
+        {
+            RunTestWithRealmAsync(async (realmFactory, storage) =>
+            {
+                using var importer = new NonOptimisedBeatmapImporter(realmFactory, storage);
+                using var store = new RealmRulesetStore(realmFactory, storage);
+
+                var imported = await LoadOszIntoStore(importer, realmFactory.Context);
+
+                deleteBeatmapSet(imported, realmFactory.Context);
+
+                Assert.IsTrue(imported.DeletePending);
+
+                var importedSecondTime = await LoadOszIntoStore(importer, realmFactory.Context);
+
+                // check the newly "imported" beatmap is actually just the restored previous import. since it matches hash.
+                Assert.IsTrue(imported.ID == importedSecondTime.ID);
+                Assert.IsTrue(imported.Beatmaps.First().ID == importedSecondTime.Beatmaps.First().ID);
+                Assert.IsFalse(imported.DeletePending);
+                Assert.IsFalse(importedSecondTime.DeletePending);
            });
        }

@@ -502,7 +579,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Database
                        new RealmBeatmap(ruleset, new RealmBeatmapDifficulty(), metadata)
                        {
                            OnlineID = 2,
-                            Status = BeatmapSetOnlineStatus.Loved,
+                            Status = BeatmapOnlineStatus.Loved,
                        }
                    }
                };
@@ -775,7 +852,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Database
        {
            IQueryable<RealmBeatmapSet>? resultSets = null;

-            waitForOrAssert(() => (resultSets = realm.All<RealmBeatmapSet>().Where(s => !s.DeletePending && s.OnlineID == 241526)).Any(),
+            waitForOrAssert(() =>
+                {
+                    realm.Refresh();
+                    return (resultSets = realm.All<RealmBeatmapSet>().Where(s => !s.DeletePending && s.OnlineID == 241526)).Any();
+                },
                @"BeatmapSet did not import to the database in allocated time.", timeout);

            // ensure we were stored to beatmap database backing...
@@ -788,16 +869,16 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Database
            // ReSharper disable once PossibleUnintendedReferenceComparison
            IEnumerable<RealmBeatmap> queryBeatmaps() => realm.All<RealmBeatmap>().Where(s => s.BeatmapSet != null && s.BeatmapSet == set);

-            waitForOrAssert(() => queryBeatmaps().Count() == 12, @"Beatmaps did not import to the database in allocated time", timeout);
-            waitForOrAssert(() => queryBeatmapSets().Count() == 1, @"BeatmapSet did not import to the database in allocated time", timeout);
+            Assert.AreEqual(12, queryBeatmaps().Count(), @"Beatmap count was not correct");
+            Assert.AreEqual(1, queryBeatmapSets().Count(), @"Beatmapset count was not correct");

-            int countBeatmapSetBeatmaps = 0;
-            int countBeatmaps = 0;
+            int countBeatmapSetBeatmaps;
+            int countBeatmaps;

-            waitForOrAssert(() =>
-                    (countBeatmapSetBeatmaps = queryBeatmapSets().First().Beatmaps.Count) ==
-                    (countBeatmaps = queryBeatmaps().Count()),
-                $@"Incorrect database beatmap count post-import ({countBeatmaps} but should be {countBeatmapSetBeatmaps}).", timeout);
+            Assert.AreEqual(
+                countBeatmapSetBeatmaps = queryBeatmapSets().First().Beatmaps.Count,
+                countBeatmaps = queryBeatmaps().Count(),
+                $@"Incorrect database beatmap count post-import ({countBeatmaps} but should be {countBeatmapSetBeatmaps}).");

            foreach (RealmBeatmap b in set.Beatmaps)
                Assert.IsTrue(set.Beatmaps.Any(c => c.OnlineID == b.OnlineID));
@@ -819,5 +900,15 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Database

            Assert.Fail(failureMessage);
        }
+
+        public class NonOptimisedBeatmapImporter : BeatmapImporter
+        {
+            public NonOptimisedBeatmapImporter(RealmContextFactory realmFactory, Storage storage)
+                : base(realmFactory, storage)
+            {
+            }
+
+            protected override bool HasCustomHashFunction => true;
+        }
    }
 }
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using NUnit.Framework;
 using osu.Framework.Logging;
+using osu.Game.Extensions;
 using osu.Game.Models;
 using osu.Game.Stores;

@@ -28,7 +29,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Database
                realm.Write(() => files.Add(testData, realm));

                Assert.True(files.Storage.Exists("0/05/054edec1d0211f624fed0cbca9d4f9400b0e491c43742af2c5b0abebf0c990d8"));
-                Assert.True(files.Storage.Exists(realm.All<RealmFile>().First().StoragePath));
+                Assert.True(files.Storage.Exists(realm.All<RealmFile>().First().GetStoragePath()));
            });
        }

@@ -74,7 +75,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Database

                Logger.Log($"Import complete at {timer.ElapsedMilliseconds}");

-                string path = file.StoragePath;
+                string path = file.GetStoragePath();

                Assert.True(realm.All<RealmFile>().Any());
                Assert.True(files.Storage.Exists(path));
@@ -98,7 +99,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Database

                var file = realm.Write(() => files.Add(new MemoryStream(new byte[] { 0, 1, 2, 3 }), realm));

-                string path = file.StoragePath;
+                string path = file.GetStoragePath();

                Assert.True(realm.All<RealmFile>().Any());
                Assert.True(files.Storage.Exists(path));
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ using System;
 using System.Threading;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using NUnit.Framework;
+using osu.Game.Database;
+using osu.Game.Models;

 #nullable enable

@@ -33,6 +35,39 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Database
            });
        }

+        /// <summary>
+        /// Test to ensure that a `CreateContext` call nested inside a subscription doesn't cause any deadlocks
+        /// due to context fetching semaphores.
+        /// </summary>
+        [Test]
+        public void TestNestedContextCreationWithSubscription()
+        {
+            RunTestWithRealm((realmFactory, _) =>
+            {
+                bool callbackRan = false;
+
+                using (var context = realmFactory.CreateContext())
+                {
+                    var subscription = context.All<RealmBeatmap>().QueryAsyncWithNotifications((sender, changes, error) =>
+                    {
+                        using (realmFactory.CreateContext())
+                        {
+                            callbackRan = true;
+                        }
+                    });
+
+                    // Force the callback above to run.
+                    using (realmFactory.CreateContext())
+                    {
+                    }
+
+                    subscription?.Dispose();
+                }
+
+                Assert.IsTrue(callbackRan);
+            });
+        }
+
        [Test]
        public void TestBlockOperationsWithContention()
        {
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ using System.Diagnostics;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using NUnit.Framework;
-using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
 using osu.Game.Database;
 using osu.Game.Models;
 using Realms;
@@ -18,61 +17,57 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Database
    public class RealmLiveTests : RealmTest
    {
        [Test]
-        public void TestLiveCastability()
+        public void TestLiveEquality()
        {
            RunTestWithRealm((realmFactory, _) =>
            {
-                RealmLive<RealmBeatmap> beatmap = realmFactory.CreateContext().Write(r => r.Add(new RealmBeatmap(CreateRuleset(), new RealmBeatmapDifficulty(), new RealmBeatmapMetadata()))).ToLive();
+                ILive<RealmBeatmap> beatmap = realmFactory.CreateContext().Write(r => r.Add(new RealmBeatmap(CreateRuleset(), new RealmBeatmapDifficulty(), new RealmBeatmapMetadata()))).ToLive();

-                ILive<IBeatmapInfo> iBeatmap = beatmap;
+                ILive<RealmBeatmap> beatmap2 = realmFactory.CreateContext().All<RealmBeatmap>().First().ToLive();

-                Assert.AreEqual(0, iBeatmap.Value.Length);
+                Assert.AreEqual(beatmap, beatmap2);
            });
        }

        [Test]
-        public void TestValueAccessWithOpenContext()
+        public void TestAccessAfterAttach()
        {
            RunTestWithRealm((realmFactory, _) =>
            {
-                RealmLive<RealmBeatmap>? liveBeatmap = null;
-                Task.Factory.StartNew(() =>
-                {
-                    using (var threadContext = realmFactory.CreateContext())
-                    {
-                        var beatmap = threadContext.Write(r => r.Add(new RealmBeatmap(CreateRuleset(), new RealmBeatmapDifficulty(), new RealmBeatmapMetadata())));
+                var beatmap = new RealmBeatmap(CreateRuleset(), new RealmBeatmapDifficulty(), new RealmBeatmapMetadata());

-                        liveBeatmap = beatmap.ToLive();
-                    }
-                }, TaskCreationOptions.LongRunning | TaskCreationOptions.HideScheduler).Wait();
+                var liveBeatmap = beatmap.ToLive();

-                Debug.Assert(liveBeatmap != null);
+                using (var context = realmFactory.CreateContext())
+                    context.Write(r => r.Add(beatmap));

-                Task.Factory.StartNew(() =>
-                {
-                    Assert.DoesNotThrow(() =>
-                    {
-                        using (realmFactory.CreateContext())
-                        {
-                            var resolved = liveBeatmap.Value;
-
-                            Assert.IsTrue(resolved.Realm.IsClosed);
-                            Assert.IsTrue(resolved.IsValid);
-
-                            // can access properties without a crash.
-                            Assert.IsFalse(resolved.Hidden);
-                        }
-                    });
-                }, TaskCreationOptions.LongRunning | TaskCreationOptions.HideScheduler).Wait();
+                Assert.IsFalse(liveBeatmap.PerformRead(l => l.Hidden));
            });
        }

+        [Test]
+        public void TestAccessNonManaged()
+        {
+            var beatmap = new RealmBeatmap(CreateRuleset(), new RealmBeatmapDifficulty(), new RealmBeatmapMetadata());
+            var liveBeatmap = beatmap.ToLive();
+
+            Assert.IsFalse(beatmap.Hidden);
+            Assert.IsFalse(liveBeatmap.Value.Hidden);
+            Assert.IsFalse(liveBeatmap.PerformRead(l => l.Hidden));
+
+            Assert.Throws<InvalidOperationException>(() => liveBeatmap.PerformWrite(l => l.Hidden = true));
+
+            Assert.IsFalse(beatmap.Hidden);
+            Assert.IsFalse(liveBeatmap.Value.Hidden);
+            Assert.IsFalse(liveBeatmap.PerformRead(l => l.Hidden));
+        }
+
        [Test]
        public void TestScopedReadWithoutContext()
        {
            RunTestWithRealm((realmFactory, _) =>
            {
-                RealmLive<RealmBeatmap>? liveBeatmap = null;
+                ILive<RealmBeatmap>? liveBeatmap = null;
                Task.Factory.StartNew(() =>
                {
                    using (var threadContext = realmFactory.CreateContext())
@@ -101,7 +96,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Database
        {
            RunTestWithRealm((realmFactory, _) =>
            {
-                RealmLive<RealmBeatmap>? liveBeatmap = null;
+                ILive<RealmBeatmap>? liveBeatmap = null;
                Task.Factory.StartNew(() =>
                {
                    using (var threadContext = realmFactory.CreateContext())
@@ -122,12 +117,66 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Database
            });
        }

+        [Test]
+        public void TestValueAccessNonManaged()
+        {
+            RunTestWithRealm((realmFactory, _) =>
+            {
+                var beatmap = new RealmBeatmap(CreateRuleset(), new RealmBeatmapDifficulty(), new RealmBeatmapMetadata());
+                var liveBeatmap = beatmap.ToLive();
+
+                Assert.DoesNotThrow(() =>
+                {
+                    var __ = liveBeatmap.Value;
+                });
+            });
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestValueAccessWithOpenContextFails()
+        {
+            RunTestWithRealm((realmFactory, _) =>
+            {
+                ILive<RealmBeatmap>? liveBeatmap = null;
+
+                Task.Factory.StartNew(() =>
+                {
+                    using (var threadContext = realmFactory.CreateContext())
+                    {
+                        var beatmap = threadContext.Write(r => r.Add(new RealmBeatmap(CreateRuleset(), new RealmBeatmapDifficulty(), new RealmBeatmapMetadata())));
+
+                        liveBeatmap = beatmap.ToLive();
+                    }
+                }, TaskCreationOptions.LongRunning | TaskCreationOptions.HideScheduler).Wait();
+
+                Debug.Assert(liveBeatmap != null);
+
+                Task.Factory.StartNew(() =>
+                {
+                    // Can't be used, without a valid context.
+                    Assert.Throws<InvalidOperationException>(() =>
+                    {
+                        var __ = liveBeatmap.Value;
+                    });
+
+                    // Can't be used, even from within a valid context.
+                    using (realmFactory.CreateContext())
+                    {
+                        Assert.Throws<InvalidOperationException>(() =>
+                        {
+                            var __ = liveBeatmap.Value;
+                        });
+                    }
+                }, TaskCreationOptions.LongRunning | TaskCreationOptions.HideScheduler).Wait();
+            });
+        }
+
        [Test]
        public void TestValueAccessWithoutOpenContextFails()
        {
            RunTestWithRealm((realmFactory, _) =>
            {
-                RealmLive<RealmBeatmap>? liveBeatmap = null;
+                ILive<RealmBeatmap>? liveBeatmap = null;
                Task.Factory.StartNew(() =>
                {
                    using (var threadContext = realmFactory.CreateContext())
@@ -159,8 +208,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Database

                using (var updateThreadContext = realmFactory.CreateContext())
                {
-                    updateThreadContext.All<RealmBeatmap>().SubscribeForNotifications(gotChange);
-                    RealmLive<RealmBeatmap>? liveBeatmap = null;
+                    updateThreadContext.All<RealmBeatmap>().QueryAsyncWithNotifications(gotChange);
+                    ILive<RealmBeatmap>? liveBeatmap = null;

                    Task.Factory.StartNew(() =>
                    {
@@ -183,23 +232,22 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Database
                    Assert.AreEqual(0, updateThreadContext.All<RealmBeatmap>().Count());
                    Assert.AreEqual(0, changesTriggered);

-                    var resolved = liveBeatmap.Value;
-
-                    // retrieval causes an implicit refresh. even changes that aren't related to the retrieval are fired at this point.
-                    Assert.AreEqual(2, updateThreadContext.All<RealmBeatmap>().Count());
-                    Assert.AreEqual(1, changesTriggered);
-
-                    // even though the realm that this instance was resolved for was closed, it's still valid.
-                    Assert.IsTrue(resolved.Realm.IsClosed);
-                    Assert.IsTrue(resolved.IsValid);
-
-                    // can access properties without a crash.
-                    Assert.IsFalse(resolved.Hidden);
-
-                    updateThreadContext.Write(r =>
+                    liveBeatmap.PerformRead(resolved =>
                    {
-                        // can use with the main context.
-                        r.Remove(resolved);
+                        // retrieval causes an implicit refresh. even changes that aren't related to the retrieval are fired at this point.
+                        // ReSharper disable once AccessToDisposedClosure
+                        Assert.AreEqual(2, updateThreadContext.All<RealmBeatmap>().Count());
+                        Assert.AreEqual(1, changesTriggered);
+
+                        // can access properties without a crash.
+                        Assert.IsFalse(resolved.Hidden);
+
+                        // ReSharper disable once AccessToDisposedClosure
+                        updateThreadContext.Write(r =>
+                        {
+                            // can use with the main context.
+                            r.Remove(resolved);
+                        });
                    });
                }

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.

-using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using Moq;
@@ -13,7 +12,6 @@ using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects;
 using osu.Game.Storyboards;
 using osu.Game.Tests.Beatmaps;
 using osu.Game.Tests.Resources;
-using FileInfo = osu.Game.IO.FileInfo;

 namespace osu.Game.Tests.Editing.Checks
 {
@@ -33,14 +31,10 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Editing.Checks
                {
                    BeatmapSet = new BeatmapSetInfo
                    {
-                        Files = new List<BeatmapSetFileInfo>(new[]
+                        Files =
                        {
-                            new BeatmapSetFileInfo
-                            {
-                                Filename = "abc123.mp4",
-                                FileInfo = new FileInfo { Hash = "abcdef" }
-                            }
-                        })
+                            CheckTestHelpers.CreateMockFile("mp4"),
+                        }
                    }
                }
            };
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.

-using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using JetBrains.Annotations;
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Edit;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Edit.Checks;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects;
-using FileInfo = osu.Game.IO.FileInfo;

 namespace osu.Game.Tests.Editing.Checks
 {
@@ -25,25 +24,17 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Editing.Checks
        [SetUp]
        public void Setup()
        {
+            var file = CheckTestHelpers.CreateMockFile("jpg");
+
            check = new CheckBackgroundQuality();
            beatmap = new Beatmap<HitObject>
            {
                BeatmapInfo = new BeatmapInfo
                {
-                    Metadata = new BeatmapMetadata { BackgroundFile = "abc123.jpg" },
+                    Metadata = new BeatmapMetadata { BackgroundFile = file.Filename },
                    BeatmapSet = new BeatmapSetInfo
                    {
-                        Files = new List<BeatmapSetFileInfo>(new[]
-                        {
-                            new BeatmapSetFileInfo
-                            {
-                                Filename = "abc123.jpg",
-                                FileInfo = new FileInfo
-                                {
-                                    Hash = "abcdef"
-                                }
-                            }
-                        })
+                        Files = { file }
                    }
                }
            };
@@ -54,7 +45,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Editing.Checks
        {
            // While this is a problem, it is out of scope for this check and is caught by a different one.
            beatmap.Metadata.BackgroundFile = string.Empty;
-            var context = getContext(null, System.Array.Empty<byte>());
+            var context = getContext(null, new MemoryStream(Array.Empty<byte>()));

            Assert.That(check.Run(context), Is.Empty);
        }
@@ -103,7 +94,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Editing.Checks
        [Test]
        public void TestTooUncompressed()
        {
-            var context = getContext(new Texture(1920, 1080), new byte[1024 * 1024 * 3]);
+            var context = getContext(new Texture(1920, 1080), new MemoryStream(new byte[1024 * 1024 * 3]));

            var issues = check.Run(context).ToList();

@@ -111,19 +102,32 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Editing.Checks
            Assert.That(issues.Single().Template is CheckBackgroundQuality.IssueTemplateTooUncompressed);
        }

-        private BeatmapVerifierContext getContext(Texture background, [CanBeNull] byte[] fileBytes = null)
+        [Test]
+        public void TestStreamClosed()
        {
-            return new BeatmapVerifierContext(beatmap, getMockWorkingBeatmap(background, fileBytes).Object);
+            var background = new Texture(1920, 1080);
+            var stream = new Mock<MemoryStream>(new byte[1024 * 1024]);
+
+            var context = getContext(background, stream.Object);
+
+            Assert.That(check.Run(context), Is.Empty);
+
+            stream.Verify(x => x.Close(), Times.Once());
+        }
+
+        private BeatmapVerifierContext getContext(Texture background, [CanBeNull] Stream stream = null)
+        {
+            return new BeatmapVerifierContext(beatmap, getMockWorkingBeatmap(background, stream).Object);
        }

        /// <summary>
-        /// Returns the mock of the working beatmap with the given background and filesize.
+        /// Returns the mock of the working beatmap with the given background and its file stream.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="background">The texture of the background.</param>
-        /// <param name="fileBytes">The bytes that represent the background file.</param>
-        private Mock<IWorkingBeatmap> getMockWorkingBeatmap(Texture background, [CanBeNull] byte[] fileBytes = null)
+        /// <param name="stream">The stream representing the background file.</param>
+        private Mock<IWorkingBeatmap> getMockWorkingBeatmap(Texture background, [CanBeNull] Stream stream = null)
        {
-            var stream = new MemoryStream(fileBytes ?? new byte[1024 * 1024]);
+            stream ??= new MemoryStream(new byte[1024 * 1024]);

            var mock = new Mock<IWorkingBeatmap>();
            mock.SetupGet(w => w.Beatmap).Returns(beatmap);
@@ -1,11 +1,9 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.

-using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
 using NUnit.Framework;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
-using osu.Game.IO;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Edit;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Edit.Checks;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects;
@@ -22,22 +20,17 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Editing.Checks
        [SetUp]
        public void Setup()
        {
+            var file = CheckTestHelpers.CreateMockFile("jpg");
+
            check = new CheckBackgroundPresence();
            beatmap = new Beatmap<HitObject>
            {
                BeatmapInfo = new BeatmapInfo
                {
-                    Metadata = new BeatmapMetadata { BackgroundFile = "abc123.jpg" },
+                    Metadata = new BeatmapMetadata { BackgroundFile = file.Filename },
                    BeatmapSet = new BeatmapSetInfo
                    {
-                        Files = new List<BeatmapSetFileInfo>(new[]
-                        {
-                            new BeatmapSetFileInfo
-                            {
-                                Filename = "abc123.jpg",
-                                FileInfo = new FileInfo { Hash = "abcdef" }
-                            }
-                        })
+                        Files = { file }
                    }
                }
            };
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
+using osu.Game.IO;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Tests.Editing.Checks
+{
+    public static class CheckTestHelpers
+    {
+        public static BeatmapSetFileInfo CreateMockFile(string extension) =>
+            new BeatmapSetFileInfo
+            {
+                Filename = $"abc123.{extension}",
+                FileInfo = new FileInfo { Hash = "abcdef" }
+            };
+    }
+}
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.

-using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using ManagedBass;
@@ -14,7 +13,6 @@ using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects;
 using osu.Game.Tests.Beatmaps;
 using osu.Game.Tests.Resources;
 using osuTK.Audio;
-using FileInfo = osu.Game.IO.FileInfo;

 namespace osu.Game.Tests.Editing.Checks
 {
@@ -34,14 +32,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Editing.Checks
                {
                    BeatmapSet = new BeatmapSetInfo
                    {
-                        Files = new List<BeatmapSetFileInfo>(new[]
-                        {
-                            new BeatmapSetFileInfo
-                            {
-                                Filename = "abc123.wav",
-                                FileInfo = new FileInfo { Hash = "abcdef" }
-                            }
-                        })
+                        Files = { CheckTestHelpers.CreateMockFile("wav") }
                    }
                }
            };
@@ -55,11 +46,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Editing.Checks
        public void TestDifferentExtension()
        {
            beatmap.BeatmapInfo.BeatmapSet.Files.Clear();
-            beatmap.BeatmapInfo.BeatmapSet.Files.Add(new BeatmapSetFileInfo
-            {
-                Filename = "abc123.jpg",
-                FileInfo = new FileInfo { Hash = "abcdef" }
-            });
+            beatmap.BeatmapInfo.BeatmapSet.Files.Add(CheckTestHelpers.CreateMockFile("jpg"));

            // Should fail to load, but not produce an error due to the extension not being expected to load.
            Assert.IsEmpty(check.Run(getContext(null, allowMissing: true)));
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.

-using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using Moq;
@@ -10,7 +9,6 @@ using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Edit;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Edit.Checks;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects;
-using FileInfo = osu.Game.IO.FileInfo;

 namespace osu.Game.Tests.Editing.Checks
 {
@@ -30,14 +28,10 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Editing.Checks
                {
                    BeatmapSet = new BeatmapSetInfo
                    {
-                        Files = new List<BeatmapSetFileInfo>(new[]
+                        Files =
                        {
-                            new BeatmapSetFileInfo
-                            {
-                                Filename = "abc123.jpg",
-                                FileInfo = new FileInfo { Hash = "abcdef" }
-                            }
-                        })
+                            CheckTestHelpers.CreateMockFile("jpg"),
+                        }
                    }
                }
            };
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using Moq;
+using NUnit.Framework;
+using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
+using osu.Game.Extensions;
+using osu.Game.Online.API.Requests.Responses;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets;
+using osu.Game.Scoring;
+using osu.Game.Users;
+
+#nullable enable
+
+namespace osu.Game.Tests.Models
+{
+    [TestFixture]
+    public class DisplayStringTest
+    {
+        [Test]
+        public void TestNull()
+        {
+            IBeatmapSetInfo? beatmap = null;
+            Assert.That(beatmap.GetDisplayString(), Is.EqualTo("null"));
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestBeatmapSet()
+        {
+            var mock = new Mock<IBeatmapSetInfo>();
+
+            mock.Setup(m => m.Metadata.Artist).Returns("artist");
+            mock.Setup(m => m.Metadata.Title).Returns("title");
+            mock.Setup(m => m.Metadata.Author.Username).Returns("author");
+
+            Assert.That(mock.Object.GetDisplayString(), Is.EqualTo("artist - title (author)"));
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestBeatmapSetWithNoAuthor()
+        {
+            var mock = new Mock<IBeatmapSetInfo>();
+
+            mock.Setup(m => m.Metadata.Artist).Returns("artist");
+            mock.Setup(m => m.Metadata.Title).Returns("title");
+            mock.Setup(m => m.Metadata.Author.Username).Returns(string.Empty);
+
+            Assert.That(mock.Object.GetDisplayString(), Is.EqualTo("artist - title"));
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestBeatmapSetWithNoMetadata()
+        {
+            var mock = new Mock<IBeatmapSetInfo>();
+
+            mock.Setup(m => m.Metadata).Returns(new BeatmapMetadata());
+
+            Assert.That(mock.Object.GetDisplayString(), Is.EqualTo("unknown artist - unknown title"));
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestBeatmap()
+        {
+            var mock = new Mock<IBeatmapInfo>();
+
+            mock.Setup(m => m.Metadata.Artist).Returns("artist");
+            mock.Setup(m => m.Metadata.Title).Returns("title");
+            mock.Setup(m => m.Metadata.Author.Username).Returns("author");
+            mock.Setup(m => m.DifficultyName).Returns("difficulty");
+
+            Assert.That(mock.Object.GetDisplayString(), Is.EqualTo("artist - title (author) [difficulty]"));
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestMetadata()
+        {
+            var mock = new Mock<IBeatmapMetadataInfo>();
+
+            mock.Setup(m => m.Artist).Returns("artist");
+            mock.Setup(m => m.Title).Returns("title");
+            mock.Setup(m => m.Author.Username).Returns("author");
+
+            Assert.That(mock.Object.GetDisplayString(), Is.EqualTo("artist - title (author)"));
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestScore()
+        {
+            var mock = new Mock<IScoreInfo>();
+
+            mock.Setup(m => m.User).Returns(new APIUser { Username = "user" }); // TODO: temporary.
+            mock.Setup(m => m.Beatmap.Metadata.Artist).Returns("artist");
+            mock.Setup(m => m.Beatmap.Metadata.Title).Returns("title");
+            mock.Setup(m => m.Beatmap.Metadata.Author.Username).Returns("author");
+            mock.Setup(m => m.Beatmap.DifficultyName).Returns("difficulty");
+
+            Assert.That(mock.Object.GetDisplayString(), Is.EqualTo("user playing artist - title (author) [difficulty]"));
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestRuleset()
+        {
+            var mock = new Mock<IRulesetInfo>();
+
+            mock.Setup(m => m.Name).Returns("ruleset");
+
+            Assert.That(mock.Object.GetDisplayString(), Is.EqualTo("ruleset"));
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestUser()
+        {
+            var mock = new Mock<IUser>();
+
+            mock.Setup(m => m.Username).Returns("user");
+
+            Assert.That(mock.Object.GetDisplayString(), Is.EqualTo("user"));
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestFallback()
+        {
+            var fallback = new Fallback();
+
+            Assert.That(fallback.GetDisplayString(), Is.EqualTo("fallback"));
+        }
+
+        private class Fallback
+        {
+            public override string ToString() => "fallback";
+        }
+    }
+}
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Mods
                throw new System.NotImplementedException();
            }

-            public override DifficultyCalculator CreateDifficultyCalculator(WorkingBeatmap beatmap)
+            public override DifficultyCalculator CreateDifficultyCalculator(IWorkingBeatmap beatmap)
            {
                throw new System.NotImplementedException();
            }
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@

 using NUnit.Framework;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
+using osu.Game.Extensions;

 namespace osu.Game.Tests.NonVisual
 {
@@ -12,10 +13,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.NonVisual
        [Test]
        public void TestOnlineWithOnline()
        {
-            var ourInfo = new BeatmapSetInfo { OnlineBeatmapSetID = 123 };
-            var otherInfo = new BeatmapSetInfo { OnlineBeatmapSetID = 123 };
+            var ourInfo = new BeatmapSetInfo { OnlineID = 123 };
+            var otherInfo = new BeatmapSetInfo { OnlineID = 123 };

-            Assert.AreEqual(ourInfo, otherInfo);
+            Assert.AreNotEqual(ourInfo, otherInfo);
+            Assert.IsTrue(ourInfo.MatchesOnlineID(otherInfo));
        }

        [Test]
@@ -30,10 +32,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.NonVisual
        [Test]
        public void TestDatabasedWithOnline()
        {
-            var ourInfo = new BeatmapSetInfo { ID = 123, OnlineBeatmapSetID = 12 };
-            var otherInfo = new BeatmapSetInfo { OnlineBeatmapSetID = 12 };
+            var ourInfo = new BeatmapSetInfo { ID = 123, OnlineID = 12 };
+            var otherInfo = new BeatmapSetInfo { OnlineID = 12 };

-            Assert.AreEqual(ourInfo, otherInfo);
+            Assert.AreNotEqual(ourInfo, otherInfo);
+            Assert.IsTrue(ourInfo.MatchesOnlineID(otherInfo));
        }

        [Test]
@@ -3,12 +3,14 @@

 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
 using NUnit.Framework;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Difficulty;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Difficulty.Preprocessing;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Difficulty.Skills;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods;
+using osu.Game.Utils;

 namespace osu.Game.Tests.NonVisual
 {
@@ -20,8 +22,10 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.NonVisual
        {
            var combinations = new TestLegacyDifficultyCalculator().CreateDifficultyAdjustmentModCombinations();

-            Assert.AreEqual(1, combinations.Length);
-            Assert.IsTrue(combinations[0] is ModNoMod);
+            assertCombinations(new[]
+            {
+                new[] { typeof(ModNoMod) }
+            }, combinations);
        }

        [Test]
@@ -29,9 +33,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.NonVisual
        {
            var combinations = new TestLegacyDifficultyCalculator(new ModA()).CreateDifficultyAdjustmentModCombinations();

-            Assert.AreEqual(2, combinations.Length);
-            Assert.IsTrue(combinations[0] is ModNoMod);
-            Assert.IsTrue(combinations[1] is ModA);
+            assertCombinations(new[]
+            {
+                new[] { typeof(ModNoMod) },
+                new[] { typeof(ModA) }
+            }, combinations);
        }

        [Test]
@@ -39,14 +45,13 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.NonVisual
        {
            var combinations = new TestLegacyDifficultyCalculator(new ModA(), new ModB()).CreateDifficultyAdjustmentModCombinations();

-            Assert.AreEqual(4, combinations.Length);
-            Assert.IsTrue(combinations[0] is ModNoMod);
-            Assert.IsTrue(combinations[1] is ModA);
-            Assert.IsTrue(combinations[2] is MultiMod);
-            Assert.IsTrue(combinations[3] is ModB);
-
-            Assert.IsTrue(((MultiMod)combinations[2]).Mods[0] is ModA);
-            Assert.IsTrue(((MultiMod)combinations[2]).Mods[1] is ModB);
+            assertCombinations(new[]
+            {
+                new[] { typeof(ModNoMod) },
+                new[] { typeof(ModA) },
+                new[] { typeof(ModA), typeof(ModB) },
+                new[] { typeof(ModB) }
+            }, combinations);
        }

        [Test]
@@ -54,10 +59,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.NonVisual
        {
            var combinations = new TestLegacyDifficultyCalculator(new ModA(), new ModIncompatibleWithA()).CreateDifficultyAdjustmentModCombinations();

-            Assert.AreEqual(3, combinations.Length);
-            Assert.IsTrue(combinations[0] is ModNoMod);
-            Assert.IsTrue(combinations[1] is ModA);
-            Assert.IsTrue(combinations[2] is ModIncompatibleWithA);
+            assertCombinations(new[]
+            {
+                new[] { typeof(ModNoMod) },
+                new[] { typeof(ModA) },
+                new[] { typeof(ModIncompatibleWithA) }
+            }, combinations);
        }

        [Test]
@@ -65,22 +72,17 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.NonVisual
        {
            var combinations = new TestLegacyDifficultyCalculator(new ModA(), new ModB(), new ModIncompatibleWithA(), new ModIncompatibleWithAAndB()).CreateDifficultyAdjustmentModCombinations();

-            Assert.AreEqual(8, combinations.Length);
-            Assert.IsTrue(combinations[0] is ModNoMod);
-            Assert.IsTrue(combinations[1] is ModA);
-            Assert.IsTrue(combinations[2] is MultiMod);
-            Assert.IsTrue(combinations[3] is ModB);
-            Assert.IsTrue(combinations[4] is MultiMod);
-            Assert.IsTrue(combinations[5] is ModIncompatibleWithA);
-            Assert.IsTrue(combinations[6] is MultiMod);
-            Assert.IsTrue(combinations[7] is ModIncompatibleWithAAndB);
-
-            Assert.IsTrue(((MultiMod)combinations[2]).Mods[0] is ModA);
-            Assert.IsTrue(((MultiMod)combinations[2]).Mods[1] is ModB);
-            Assert.IsTrue(((MultiMod)combinations[4]).Mods[0] is ModB);
-            Assert.IsTrue(((MultiMod)combinations[4]).Mods[1] is ModIncompatibleWithA);
-            Assert.IsTrue(((MultiMod)combinations[6]).Mods[0] is ModIncompatibleWithA);
-            Assert.IsTrue(((MultiMod)combinations[6]).Mods[1] is ModIncompatibleWithAAndB);
+            assertCombinations(new[]
+            {
+                new[] { typeof(ModNoMod) },
+                new[] { typeof(ModA) },
+                new[] { typeof(ModA), typeof(ModB) },
+                new[] { typeof(ModB) },
+                new[] { typeof(ModB), typeof(ModIncompatibleWithA) },
+                new[] { typeof(ModIncompatibleWithA) },
+                new[] { typeof(ModIncompatibleWithA), typeof(ModIncompatibleWithAAndB) },
+                new[] { typeof(ModIncompatibleWithAAndB) },
+            }, combinations);
        }

        [Test]
@@ -88,10 +90,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.NonVisual
        {
            var combinations = new TestLegacyDifficultyCalculator(new ModAofA(), new ModIncompatibleWithAofA()).CreateDifficultyAdjustmentModCombinations();

-            Assert.AreEqual(3, combinations.Length);
-            Assert.IsTrue(combinations[0] is ModNoMod);
-            Assert.IsTrue(combinations[1] is ModAofA);
-            Assert.IsTrue(combinations[2] is ModIncompatibleWithAofA);
+            assertCombinations(new[]
+            {
+                new[] { typeof(ModNoMod) },
+                new[] { typeof(ModAofA) },
+                new[] { typeof(ModIncompatibleWithAofA) }
+            }, combinations);
        }

        [Test]
@@ -99,17 +103,13 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.NonVisual
        {
            var combinations = new TestLegacyDifficultyCalculator(new ModA(), new MultiMod(new ModB(), new ModC())).CreateDifficultyAdjustmentModCombinations();

-            Assert.AreEqual(4, combinations.Length);
-            Assert.IsTrue(combinations[0] is ModNoMod);
-            Assert.IsTrue(combinations[1] is ModA);
-            Assert.IsTrue(combinations[2] is MultiMod);
-            Assert.IsTrue(combinations[3] is MultiMod);
-
-            Assert.IsTrue(((MultiMod)combinations[2]).Mods[0] is ModA);
-            Assert.IsTrue(((MultiMod)combinations[2]).Mods[1] is ModB);
-            Assert.IsTrue(((MultiMod)combinations[2]).Mods[2] is ModC);
-            Assert.IsTrue(((MultiMod)combinations[3]).Mods[0] is ModB);
-            Assert.IsTrue(((MultiMod)combinations[3]).Mods[1] is ModC);
+            assertCombinations(new[]
+            {
+                new[] { typeof(ModNoMod) },
+                new[] { typeof(ModA) },
+                new[] { typeof(ModA), typeof(ModB), typeof(ModC) },
+                new[] { typeof(ModB), typeof(ModC) }
+            }, combinations);
        }

        [Test]
@@ -117,13 +117,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.NonVisual
        {
            var combinations = new TestLegacyDifficultyCalculator(new ModA(), new MultiMod(new ModB(), new ModIncompatibleWithA())).CreateDifficultyAdjustmentModCombinations();

-            Assert.AreEqual(3, combinations.Length);
-            Assert.IsTrue(combinations[0] is ModNoMod);
-            Assert.IsTrue(combinations[1] is ModA);
-            Assert.IsTrue(combinations[2] is MultiMod);
-
-            Assert.IsTrue(((MultiMod)combinations[2]).Mods[0] is ModB);
-            Assert.IsTrue(((MultiMod)combinations[2]).Mods[1] is ModIncompatibleWithA);
+            assertCombinations(new[]
+            {
+                new[] { typeof(ModNoMod) },
+                new[] { typeof(ModA) },
+                new[] { typeof(ModB), typeof(ModIncompatibleWithA) }
+            }, combinations);
        }

        [Test]
@@ -131,13 +130,28 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.NonVisual
        {
            var combinations = new TestLegacyDifficultyCalculator(new ModA(), new MultiMod(new ModA(), new ModB())).CreateDifficultyAdjustmentModCombinations();

-            Assert.AreEqual(3, combinations.Length);
-            Assert.IsTrue(combinations[0] is ModNoMod);
-            Assert.IsTrue(combinations[1] is ModA);
-            Assert.IsTrue(combinations[2] is MultiMod);
+            assertCombinations(new[]
+            {
+                new[] { typeof(ModNoMod) },
+                new[] { typeof(ModA) },
+                new[] { typeof(ModA), typeof(ModB) }
+            }, combinations);
+        }

-            Assert.IsTrue(((MultiMod)combinations[2]).Mods[0] is ModA);
-            Assert.IsTrue(((MultiMod)combinations[2]).Mods[1] is ModB);
+        private void assertCombinations(Type[][] expectedCombinations, Mod[] actualCombinations)
+        {
+            Assert.AreEqual(expectedCombinations.Length, actualCombinations.Length);
+
+            Assert.Multiple(() =>
+            {
+                for (int i = 0; i < expectedCombinations.Length; ++i)
+                {
+                    Type[] expectedTypes = expectedCombinations[i];
+                    Type[] actualTypes = ModUtils.FlattenMod(actualCombinations[i]).Select(m => m.GetType()).ToArray();
+
+                    Assert.That(expectedTypes, Is.EquivalentTo(actualTypes));
+                }
+            });
        }

        private class ModA : Mod
@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.NonVisual.Filtering
    {
        private BeatmapInfo getExampleBeatmap() => new BeatmapInfo
        {
-            Ruleset = new RulesetInfo { ID = 5 },
-            StarDifficulty = 4.0d,
+            Ruleset = new RulesetInfo { OnlineID = 5 },
+            StarRating = 4.0d,
            BaseDifficulty = new BeatmapDifficulty
            {
                ApproachRate = 5.0f,
@@ -34,11 +34,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.NonVisual.Filtering
                Source = "unit tests",
                Tags = "look for tags too",
            },
-            Version = "version as well",
+            DifficultyName = "version as well",
            Length = 2500,
            BPM = 160,
            BeatDivisor = 12,
-            Status = BeatmapSetOnlineStatus.Loved
+            Status = BeatmapOnlineStatus.Loved
        };

        [Test]
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.NonVisual.Filtering
            var exampleBeatmapInfo = getExampleBeatmap();
            var criteria = new FilterCriteria
            {
-                Ruleset = new RulesetInfo { ID = 6 }
+                Ruleset = new RulesetInfo { OnlineID = 6 }
            };
            var carouselItem = new CarouselBeatmap(exampleBeatmapInfo);
            carouselItem.Filter(criteria);
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.NonVisual.Filtering
            var exampleBeatmapInfo = getExampleBeatmap();
            var criteria = new FilterCriteria
            {
-                Ruleset = new RulesetInfo { ID = 6 },
+                Ruleset = new RulesetInfo { OnlineID = 6 },
                AllowConvertedBeatmaps = true
            };
            var carouselItem = new CarouselBeatmap(exampleBeatmapInfo);
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.NonVisual.Filtering
            var exampleBeatmapInfo = getExampleBeatmap();
            var criteria = new FilterCriteria
            {
-                Ruleset = new RulesetInfo { ID = 6 },
+                Ruleset = new RulesetInfo { OnlineID = 6 },
                AllowConvertedBeatmaps = true,
                ApproachRate = new FilterCriteria.OptionalRange<float>
                {
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.NonVisual.Filtering
            var exampleBeatmapInfo = getExampleBeatmap();
            var criteria = new FilterCriteria
            {
-                Ruleset = new RulesetInfo { ID = 6 },
+                Ruleset = new RulesetInfo { OnlineID = 6 },
                AllowConvertedBeatmaps = true,
                BPM = new FilterCriteria.OptionalRange<double>
                {
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.NonVisual.Filtering
            var exampleBeatmapInfo = getExampleBeatmap();
            var criteria = new FilterCriteria
            {
-                Ruleset = new RulesetInfo { ID = 6 },
+                Ruleset = new RulesetInfo { OnlineID = 6 },
                AllowConvertedBeatmaps = true,
                SearchText = terms
            };
@@ -207,8 +207,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.NonVisual.Filtering
        public void TestCriteriaMatchingBeatmapIDs(string query, bool filtered)
        {
            var beatmap = getExampleBeatmap();
-            beatmap.OnlineBeatmapID = 20201010;
-            beatmap.BeatmapSet = new BeatmapSetInfo { OnlineBeatmapSetID = 1535 };
+            beatmap.OnlineID = 20201010;
+            beatmap.BeatmapSet = new BeatmapSetInfo { OnlineID = 1535 };

            var criteria = new FilterCriteria { SearchText = query };
            var carouselItem = new CarouselBeatmap(beatmap);
@@ -162,9 +162,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.NonVisual.Filtering
            FilterQueryParser.ApplyQueries(filterCriteria, query);
            Assert.AreEqual("I want the pp", filterCriteria.SearchText.Trim());
            Assert.AreEqual(4, filterCriteria.SearchTerms.Length);
-            Assert.AreEqual(BeatmapSetOnlineStatus.Ranked, filterCriteria.OnlineStatus.Min);
+            Assert.AreEqual(BeatmapOnlineStatus.Ranked, filterCriteria.OnlineStatus.Min);
            Assert.IsTrue(filterCriteria.OnlineStatus.IsLowerInclusive);
-            Assert.AreEqual(BeatmapSetOnlineStatus.Ranked, filterCriteria.OnlineStatus.Max);
+            Assert.AreEqual(BeatmapOnlineStatus.Ranked, filterCriteria.OnlineStatus.Max);
            Assert.IsTrue(filterCriteria.OnlineStatus.IsUpperInclusive);
        }

@@ -16,6 +16,27 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.NonVisual.Multiplayer
    [HeadlessTest]
    public class StatefulMultiplayerClientTest : MultiplayerTestScene
    {
+        [Test]
+        public void TestUserAddedOnJoin()
+        {
+            var user = new APIUser { Id = 33 };
+
+            AddRepeatStep("add user multiple times", () => Client.AddUser(user), 3);
+            AddAssert("room has 2 users", () => Client.Room?.Users.Count == 2);
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestUserRemovedOnLeave()
+        {
+            var user = new APIUser { Id = 44 };
+
+            AddStep("add user", () => Client.AddUser(user));
+            AddAssert("room has 2 users", () => Client.Room?.Users.Count == 2);
+
+            AddRepeatStep("remove user multiple times", () => Client.RemoveUser(user), 3);
+            AddAssert("room has 1 user", () => Client.Room?.Users.Count == 1);
+        }
+
        [Test]
        public void TestPlayingUserTracking()
        {
@@ -72,7 +93,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.NonVisual.Multiplayer
                RoomManager.CreateRoom(newRoom);
            });

-            AddUntilStep("wait for room join", () => Client.Room != null);
+            AddUntilStep("wait for room join", () => RoomJoined);
            checkPlayingUserCount(1);
        }

@@ -22,7 +22,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.NonVisual.Ranking

            var unstableRate = new UnstableRate(events);

-            Assert.IsTrue(Precision.AlmostEquals(unstableRate.Value, 10 * Math.Sqrt(10)));
+            Assert.IsNotNull(unstableRate.Value);
+            Assert.IsTrue(Precision.AlmostEquals(unstableRate.Value.Value, 10 * Math.Sqrt(10)));
        }

        [Test]
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Online

            public override IBeatmapConverter CreateBeatmapConverter(IBeatmap beatmap) => throw new NotImplementedException();

-            public override DifficultyCalculator CreateDifficultyCalculator(WorkingBeatmap beatmap) => throw new NotImplementedException();
+            public override DifficultyCalculator CreateDifficultyCalculator(IWorkingBeatmap beatmap) => throw new NotImplementedException();

            public override string Description { get; } = string.Empty;
            public override string ShortName { get; } = string.Empty;
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Online

            public override IBeatmapConverter CreateBeatmapConverter(IBeatmap beatmap) => throw new System.NotImplementedException();

-            public override DifficultyCalculator CreateDifficultyCalculator(WorkingBeatmap beatmap) => throw new System.NotImplementedException();
+            public override DifficultyCalculator CreateDifficultyCalculator(IWorkingBeatmap beatmap) => throw new System.NotImplementedException();

            public override string Description { get; } = string.Empty;
            public override string ShortName { get; } = string.Empty;
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using NUnit.Framework;
+using osu.Framework.Allocation;
+using osu.Framework.Testing;
+using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
+using osu.Game.Online.API.Requests.Responses;
+using osu.Game.Overlays.Notifications;
+using osu.Game.Tests.Visual;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Tests.Online
+{
+    [HeadlessTest]
+    public class TestSceneBeatmapDownloading : OsuTestScene
+    {
+        private BeatmapModelDownloader beatmaps;
+        private ProgressNotification recentNotification;
+
+        private static readonly BeatmapSetInfo test_db_model = new BeatmapSetInfo
+        {
+            OnlineID = 1,
+            Metadata = new BeatmapMetadata
+            {
+                Artist = "test author",
+                Title = "test title",
+                Author = new APIUser
+                {
+                    Username = "mapper"
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        private static readonly APIBeatmapSet test_online_model = new APIBeatmapSet
+        {
+            OnlineID = 2,
+            Artist = "test author",
+            Title = "test title",
+            Author = new APIUser
+            {
+                Username = "mapper"
+            }
+        };
+
+        [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
+        private void load(BeatmapModelDownloader beatmaps)
+        {
+            this.beatmaps = beatmaps;
+
+            beatmaps.PostNotification = n => recentNotification = n as ProgressNotification;
+        }
+
+        private static readonly object[][] notification_test_cases =
+        {
+            new object[] { test_db_model },
+            new object[] { test_online_model }
+        };
+
+        [TestCaseSource(nameof(notification_test_cases))]
+        public void TestNotificationMessage(IBeatmapSetInfo model)
+        {
+            AddStep("clear recent notification", () => recentNotification = null);
+            AddStep("download beatmap", () => beatmaps.Download(model));
+
+            AddUntilStep("wait for notification", () => recentNotification != null);
+            AddUntilStep("notification text correct", () => recentNotification.Text.ToString() == "Downloading test author - test title (mapper)");
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestCancelDownloadFromRequest()
+        {
+            AddStep("download beatmap", () => beatmaps.Download(test_db_model));
+
+            AddStep("cancel download from request", () => beatmaps.GetExistingDownload(test_db_model).Cancel());
+
+            AddUntilStep("is removed from download list", () => beatmaps.GetExistingDownload(test_db_model) == null);
+            AddAssert("is notification cancelled", () => recentNotification.State == ProgressNotificationState.Cancelled);
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestCancelDownloadFromNotification()
+        {
+            AddStep("download beatmap", () => beatmaps.Download(test_db_model));
+
+            AddStep("cancel download from notification", () => recentNotification.Close());
+
+            AddUntilStep("is removed from download list", () => beatmaps.GetExistingDownload(test_db_model) == null);
+            AddAssert("is notification cancelled", () => recentNotification.State == ProgressNotificationState.Cancelled);
+        }
+    }
+}
@@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
-// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
-
-using NUnit.Framework;
-using osu.Framework.Allocation;
-using osu.Framework.Testing;
-using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
-using osu.Game.Overlays.Notifications;
-using osu.Game.Tests.Visual;
-
-namespace osu.Game.Tests.Online
-{
-    [HeadlessTest]
-    public class TestSceneBeatmapManager : OsuTestScene
-    {
-        private BeatmapManager beatmaps;
-        private ProgressNotification recentNotification;
-
-        private static readonly BeatmapSetInfo test_model = new BeatmapSetInfo { OnlineBeatmapSetID = 1 };
-
-        [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
-        private void load(BeatmapManager beatmaps)
-        {
-            this.beatmaps = beatmaps;
-
-            beatmaps.PostNotification = n => recentNotification = n as ProgressNotification;
-        }
-
-        [Test]
-        public void TestCancelDownloadFromRequest()
-        {
-            AddStep("download beatmap", () => beatmaps.Download(test_model));
-
-            AddStep("cancel download from request", () => beatmaps.GetExistingDownload(test_model).Cancel());
-
-            AddUntilStep("is removed from download list", () => beatmaps.GetExistingDownload(test_model) == null);
-            AddAssert("is notification cancelled", () => recentNotification.State == ProgressNotificationState.Cancelled);
-        }
-
-        [Test]
-        public void TestCancelDownloadFromNotification()
-        {
-            AddStep("download beatmap", () => beatmaps.Download(test_model));
-
-            AddStep("cancel download from notification", () => recentNotification.Close());
-
-            AddUntilStep("is removed from download list", () => beatmaps.GetExistingDownload(test_model) == null);
-            AddAssert("is notification cancelled", () => recentNotification.State == ProgressNotificationState.Cancelled);
-        }
-    }
-}
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More