Merge pull request #26486 from peppy/update-framework

Update framework
Workaround implementation oversight
2026-05-18 04:59:52 +08:00 · 2024-01-13 15:19:49 +09:00 · 2024-01-13 15:19:02 +09:00 · 2024-01-13 12:10:55 +09:00 · 2024-01-13 04:53:26 +09:00 · 2024-01-12 14:59:15 +01:00
106 changed files with 1964 additions and 393 deletions
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
    <EmbedAssembliesIntoApk>true</EmbedAssembliesIntoApk>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
-    <PackageReference Include="ppy.osu.Framework.Android" Version="2023.1227.1" />
+    <PackageReference Include="ppy.osu.Framework.Android" Version="2024.113.0" />
  </ItemGroup>
  <PropertyGroup>
    <!-- Fody does not handle Android build well, and warns when unchanged.
@@ -0,0 +1,739 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+#nullable disable
+
+#pragma warning disable IDE1006 // Naming rule violation
+
+using System;
+using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
+using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+using osu.Framework.Logging;
+
+namespace osu.Desktop
+{
+    [SuppressMessage("ReSharper", "InconsistentNaming")]
+    internal static class NVAPI
+    {
+        private const string osu_filename = "osu!.exe";
+
+        // This is a good reference:
+        // https://github.com/errollw/Warp-and-Blend-Quadros/blob/master/WarpBlend-Quadros/UnwarpAll-Quadros/include/nvapi.h
+        // Note our Stride == their VERSION (e.g. NVDRS_SETTING_VER)
+
+        public const int MAX_PHYSICAL_GPUS = 64;
+        public const int UNICODE_STRING_MAX = 2048;
+
+        public const string APPLICATION_NAME = @"osu!";
+        public const string PROFILE_NAME = @"osu!";
+
+        [UnmanagedFunctionPointer(CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
+        public delegate NvStatus EnumPhysicalGPUsDelegate([Out] IntPtr[] gpuHandles, out int gpuCount);
+
+        public static readonly EnumPhysicalGPUsDelegate EnumPhysicalGPUs;
+
+        [UnmanagedFunctionPointer(CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
+        public delegate NvStatus EnumLogicalGPUsDelegate([Out] IntPtr[] gpuHandles, out int gpuCount);
+
+        public static readonly EnumLogicalGPUsDelegate EnumLogicalGPUs;
+
+        [UnmanagedFunctionPointer(CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
+        public delegate NvStatus GetSystemTypeDelegate(IntPtr gpuHandle, out NvSystemType systemType);
+
+        public static readonly GetSystemTypeDelegate GetSystemType;
+
+        [UnmanagedFunctionPointer(CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
+        public delegate NvStatus GetGPUTypeDelegate(IntPtr gpuHandle, out NvGpuType gpuType);
+
+        public static readonly GetGPUTypeDelegate GetGPUType;
+
+        [UnmanagedFunctionPointer(CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
+        public delegate NvStatus CreateSessionDelegate(out IntPtr sessionHandle);
+
+        public static CreateSessionDelegate CreateSession;
+
+        [UnmanagedFunctionPointer(CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
+        public delegate NvStatus LoadSettingsDelegate(IntPtr sessionHandle);
+
+        public static LoadSettingsDelegate LoadSettings;
+
+        [UnmanagedFunctionPointer(CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
+        public delegate NvStatus FindApplicationByNameDelegate(IntPtr sessionHandle, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.BStr)] string appName, out IntPtr profileHandle, ref NvApplication application);
+
+        public static FindApplicationByNameDelegate FindApplicationByName;
+
+        [UnmanagedFunctionPointer(CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
+        public delegate NvStatus GetCurrentGlobalProfileDelegate(IntPtr sessionHandle, out IntPtr profileHandle);
+
+        public static GetCurrentGlobalProfileDelegate GetCurrentGlobalProfile;
+
+        [UnmanagedFunctionPointer(CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
+        public delegate NvStatus GetProfileInfoDelegate(IntPtr sessionHandle, IntPtr profileHandle, ref NvProfile profile);
+
+        public static GetProfileInfoDelegate GetProfileInfo;
+
+        [UnmanagedFunctionPointer(CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
+        public delegate NvStatus GetSettingDelegate(IntPtr sessionHandle, IntPtr profileHandle, NvSettingID settingID, ref NvSetting setting);
+
+        public static GetSettingDelegate GetSetting;
+
+        [UnmanagedFunctionPointer(CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
+        private delegate NvStatus CreateProfileDelegate(IntPtr sessionHandle, ref NvProfile profile, out IntPtr profileHandle);
+
+        private static readonly CreateProfileDelegate CreateProfile;
+
+        [UnmanagedFunctionPointer(CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
+        private delegate NvStatus SetSettingDelegate(IntPtr sessionHandle, IntPtr profileHandle, ref NvSetting setting);
+
+        private static readonly SetSettingDelegate SetSetting;
+
+        [UnmanagedFunctionPointer(CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
+        private delegate NvStatus EnumApplicationsDelegate(IntPtr sessionHandle, IntPtr profileHandle, uint startIndex, ref uint appCount, [In, Out, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray)] NvApplication[] applications);
+
+        private static readonly EnumApplicationsDelegate EnumApplications;
+
+        [UnmanagedFunctionPointer(CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
+        private delegate NvStatus CreateApplicationDelegate(IntPtr sessionHandle, IntPtr profileHandle, ref NvApplication application);
+
+        private static readonly CreateApplicationDelegate CreateApplication;
+
+        [UnmanagedFunctionPointer(CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
+        private delegate NvStatus SaveSettingsDelegate(IntPtr sessionHandle);
+
+        private static readonly SaveSettingsDelegate SaveSettings;
+
+        public static NvStatus Status { get; private set; } = NvStatus.OK;
+        public static bool Available { get; private set; }
+
+        private static IntPtr sessionHandle;
+
+        public static bool IsUsingOptimusDedicatedGpu
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                if (!Available)
+                    return false;
+
+                if (!IsLaptop)
+                    return false;
+
+                IntPtr profileHandle;
+                if (!getProfile(out profileHandle, out _, out bool _))
+                    return false;
+
+                // Get the optimus setting
+                NvSetting setting;
+                if (!getSetting(NvSettingID.SHIM_RENDERING_MODE_ID, profileHandle, out setting))
+                    return false;
+
+                return (setting.U32CurrentValue & (uint)NvShimSetting.SHIM_RENDERING_MODE_ENABLE) > 0;
+            }
+        }
+
+        public static bool IsLaptop
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                if (!Available)
+                    return false;
+
+                // Make sure that this is a laptop.
+                var gpus = new IntPtr[64];
+                if (checkError(EnumPhysicalGPUs(gpus, out int gpuCount)))
+                    return false;
+
+                for (int i = 0; i < gpuCount; i++)
+                {
+                    if (checkError(GetSystemType(gpus[i], out var type)))
+                        return false;
+
+                    if (type == NvSystemType.LAPTOP)
+                        return true;
+                }
+
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+
+        public static NvThreadControlSetting ThreadedOptimisations
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                if (!Available)
+                    return NvThreadControlSetting.OGL_THREAD_CONTROL_DEFAULT;
+
+                IntPtr profileHandle;
+                if (!getProfile(out profileHandle, out _, out bool _))
+                    return NvThreadControlSetting.OGL_THREAD_CONTROL_DEFAULT;
+
+                // Get the threaded optimisations setting
+                NvSetting setting;
+                if (!getSetting(NvSettingID.OGL_THREAD_CONTROL_ID, profileHandle, out setting))
+                    return NvThreadControlSetting.OGL_THREAD_CONTROL_DEFAULT;
+
+                return (NvThreadControlSetting)setting.U32CurrentValue;
+            }
+            set
+            {
+                if (!Available)
+                    return;
+
+                bool success = setSetting(NvSettingID.OGL_THREAD_CONTROL_ID, (uint)value);
+
+                Logger.Log(success ? $"Threaded optimizations set to \"{value}\"!" : "Threaded optimizations set failed!");
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Checks if the profile contains the current application.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <returns>If the profile contains the current application.</returns>
+        private static bool containsApplication(IntPtr profileHandle, NvProfile profile, out NvApplication application)
+        {
+            application = new NvApplication
+            {
+                Version = NvApplication.Stride
+            };
+
+            if (profile.NumOfApps == 0)
+                return false;
+
+            NvApplication[] applications = new NvApplication[profile.NumOfApps];
+            applications[0].Version = NvApplication.Stride;
+
+            uint numApps = profile.NumOfApps;
+
+            if (checkError(EnumApplications(sessionHandle, profileHandle, 0, ref numApps, applications)))
+                return false;
+
+            for (uint i = 0; i < numApps; i++)
+            {
+                if (applications[i].AppName == osu_filename)
+                {
+                    application = applications[i];
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Retrieves the profile of the current application.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="profileHandle">The profile handle.</param>
+        /// <param name="application">The current application description.</param>
+        /// <param name="isApplicationSpecific">If this profile is not a global (default) profile.</param>
+        /// <returns>If the operation succeeded.</returns>
+        private static bool getProfile(out IntPtr profileHandle, out NvApplication application, out bool isApplicationSpecific)
+        {
+            application = new NvApplication
+            {
+                Version = NvApplication.Stride
+            };
+
+            isApplicationSpecific = true;
+
+            if (checkError(FindApplicationByName(sessionHandle, osu_filename, out profileHandle, ref application)))
+            {
+                isApplicationSpecific = false;
+                if (checkError(GetCurrentGlobalProfile(sessionHandle, out profileHandle)))
+                    return false;
+            }
+
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Creates a profile.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="profileHandle">The profile handle.</param>
+        /// <returns>If the operation succeeded.</returns>
+        private static bool createProfile(out IntPtr profileHandle)
+        {
+            NvProfile newProfile = new NvProfile
+            {
+                Version = NvProfile.Stride,
+                IsPredefined = 0,
+                ProfileName = PROFILE_NAME,
+                GPUSupport = new uint[32]
+            };
+
+            newProfile.GPUSupport[0] = 1;
+
+            if (checkError(CreateProfile(sessionHandle, ref newProfile, out profileHandle)))
+                return false;
+
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Retrieves a setting from the profile.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="settingId">The setting to retrieve.</param>
+        /// <param name="profileHandle">The profile handle to retrieve the setting from.</param>
+        /// <param name="setting">The setting.</param>
+        /// <returns>If the operation succeeded.</returns>
+        private static bool getSetting(NvSettingID settingId, IntPtr profileHandle, out NvSetting setting)
+        {
+            setting = new NvSetting
+            {
+                Version = NvSetting.Stride,
+                SettingID = settingId
+            };
+
+            if (checkError(GetSetting(sessionHandle, profileHandle, settingId, ref setting)))
+                return false;
+
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        private static bool setSetting(NvSettingID settingId, uint settingValue)
+        {
+            NvApplication application;
+            IntPtr profileHandle;
+            bool isApplicationSpecific;
+            if (!getProfile(out profileHandle, out application, out isApplicationSpecific))
+                return false;
+
+            if (!isApplicationSpecific)
+            {
+                // We don't want to interfere with the user's other settings, so let's create a separate config for osu!
+                if (!createProfile(out profileHandle))
+                    return false;
+            }
+
+            NvSetting newSetting = new NvSetting
+            {
+                Version = NvSetting.Stride,
+                SettingID = settingId,
+                U32CurrentValue = settingValue
+            };
+
+            // Set the thread state
+            if (checkError(SetSetting(sessionHandle, profileHandle, ref newSetting)))
+                return false;
+
+            // Get the profile (needed to check app count)
+            NvProfile profile = new NvProfile
+            {
+                Version = NvProfile.Stride
+            };
+            if (checkError(GetProfileInfo(sessionHandle, profileHandle, ref profile)))
+                return false;
+
+            if (!containsApplication(profileHandle, profile, out application))
+            {
+                // Need to add the current application to the profile
+                application.IsPredefined = 0;
+
+                application.AppName = osu_filename;
+                application.UserFriendlyName = APPLICATION_NAME;
+
+                if (checkError(CreateApplication(sessionHandle, profileHandle, ref application)))
+                    return false;
+            }
+
+            // Save!
+            return !checkError(SaveSettings(sessionHandle));
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Creates a session to access the driver configuration.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <returns>If the operation succeeded.</returns>
+        private static bool createSession()
+        {
+            if (checkError(CreateSession(out sessionHandle)))
+                return false;
+
+            // Load settings into session
+            if (checkError(LoadSettings(sessionHandle)))
+                return false;
+
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        private static bool checkError(NvStatus status)
+        {
+            Status = status;
+            return status != NvStatus.OK;
+        }
+
+        static NVAPI()
+        {
+            // TODO: check whether gpu vendor contains NVIDIA before attempting load?
+
+            try
+            {
+                // Try to load NVAPI
+                if ((IntPtr.Size == 4 && loadLibrary(@"nvapi.dll") == IntPtr.Zero)
+                    || (IntPtr.Size == 8 && loadLibrary(@"nvapi64.dll") == IntPtr.Zero))
+                {
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                InitializeDelegate initialize;
+                getDelegate(0x0150E828, out initialize);
+
+                if (initialize?.Invoke() == NvStatus.OK)
+                {
+                    // IDs can be found here: https://github.com/jNizM/AHK_NVIDIA_NvAPI/blob/master/info/NvAPI_IDs.txt
+
+                    getDelegate(0xE5AC921F, out EnumPhysicalGPUs);
+                    getDelegate(0x48B3EA59, out EnumLogicalGPUs);
+                    getDelegate(0xBAAABFCC, out GetSystemType);
+                    getDelegate(0xC33BAEB1, out GetGPUType);
+                    getDelegate(0x0694D52E, out CreateSession);
+                    getDelegate(0x375DBD6B, out LoadSettings);
+                    getDelegate(0xEEE566B2, out FindApplicationByName);
+                    getDelegate(0x617BFF9F, out GetCurrentGlobalProfile);
+                    getDelegate(0x577DD202, out SetSetting);
+                    getDelegate(0x61CD6FD6, out GetProfileInfo);
+                    getDelegate(0x73BF8338, out GetSetting);
+                    getDelegate(0xCC176068, out CreateProfile);
+                    getDelegate(0x7FA2173A, out EnumApplications);
+                    getDelegate(0x4347A9DE, out CreateApplication);
+                    getDelegate(0xFCBC7E14, out SaveSettings);
+                }
+
+                if (createSession())
+                    Available = true;
+            }
+            catch { }
+        }
+
+        private static void getDelegate<T>(uint id, out T newDelegate) where T : class
+        {
+            IntPtr ptr = IntPtr.Size == 4 ? queryInterface32(id) : queryInterface64(id);
+            newDelegate = ptr == IntPtr.Zero ? null : Marshal.GetDelegateForFunctionPointer(ptr, typeof(T)) as T;
+        }
+
+        [DllImport("kernel32.dll", EntryPoint = "LoadLibrary")]
+        private static extern IntPtr loadLibrary(string dllToLoad);
+
+        [DllImport(@"nvapi.dll", EntryPoint = "nvapi_QueryInterface", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
+        private static extern IntPtr queryInterface32(uint id);
+
+        [DllImport(@"nvapi64.dll", EntryPoint = "nvapi_QueryInterface", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
+        private static extern IntPtr queryInterface64(uint id);
+
+        private delegate NvStatus InitializeDelegate();
+    }
+
+    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
+    internal struct NvSetting
+    {
+        public uint Version;
+
+        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = NVAPI.UNICODE_STRING_MAX)]
+        public string SettingName;
+
+        public NvSettingID SettingID;
+        public uint SettingType;
+        public uint SettingLocation;
+        public uint IsCurrentPredefined;
+        public uint IsPredefinedValid;
+
+        public uint U32PredefinedValue;
+
+        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = NVAPI.UNICODE_STRING_MAX)]
+        public string StringPredefinedValue;
+
+        public uint U32CurrentValue;
+
+        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = NVAPI.UNICODE_STRING_MAX)]
+        public string StringCurrentValue;
+
+        public static uint Stride => (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(NvSetting)) | (1 << 16);
+    }
+
+    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 8, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
+    internal struct NvProfile
+    {
+        public uint Version;
+
+        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = NVAPI.UNICODE_STRING_MAX)]
+        public string ProfileName;
+
+        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray)]
+        public uint[] GPUSupport;
+
+        public uint IsPredefined;
+        public uint NumOfApps;
+        public uint NumOfSettings;
+
+        public static uint Stride => (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(NvProfile)) | (1 << 16);
+    }
+
+    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 8, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
+    internal struct NvApplication
+    {
+        public uint Version;
+        public uint IsPredefined;
+
+        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = NVAPI.UNICODE_STRING_MAX)]
+        public string AppName;
+
+        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = NVAPI.UNICODE_STRING_MAX)]
+        public string UserFriendlyName;
+
+        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = NVAPI.UNICODE_STRING_MAX)]
+        public string Launcher;
+
+        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = NVAPI.UNICODE_STRING_MAX)]
+        public string FileInFolder;
+
+        public static uint Stride => (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(NvApplication)) | (2 << 16);
+    }
+
+    internal enum NvStatus
+    {
+        OK = 0, // Success. Request is completed.
+        ERROR = -1, // Generic error
+        LIBRARY_NOT_FOUND = -2, // NVAPI support library cannot be loaded.
+        NO_IMPLEMENTATION = -3, // not implemented in current driver installation
+        API_NOT_INITIALIZED = -4, // Initialize has not been called (successfully)
+        INVALID_ARGUMENT = -5, // The argument/parameter value is not valid or NULL.
+        NVIDIA_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND = -6, // No NVIDIA display driver, or NVIDIA GPU driving a display, was found.
+        END_ENUMERATION = -7, // No more items to enumerate
+        INVALID_HANDLE = -8, // Invalid handle
+        INCOMPATIBLE_STRUCT_VERSION = -9, // An argument's structure version is not supported
+        HANDLE_INVALIDATED = -10, // The handle is no longer valid (likely due to GPU or display re-configuration)
+        OPENGL_CONTEXT_NOT_CURRENT = -11, // No NVIDIA OpenGL context is current (but needs to be)
+        INVALID_POINTER = -14, // An invalid pointer, usually NULL, was passed as a parameter
+        NO_GL_EXPERT = -12, // OpenGL Expert is not supported by the current drivers
+        INSTRUMENTATION_DISABLED = -13, // OpenGL Expert is supported, but driver instrumentation is currently disabled
+        NO_GL_NSIGHT = -15, // OpenGL does not support Nsight
+
+        EXPECTED_LOGICAL_GPU_HANDLE = -100, // Expected a logical GPU handle for one or more parameters
+        EXPECTED_PHYSICAL_GPU_HANDLE = -101, // Expected a physical GPU handle for one or more parameters
+        EXPECTED_DISPLAY_HANDLE = -102, // Expected an NV display handle for one or more parameters
+        INVALID_COMBINATION = -103, // The combination of parameters is not valid.
+        NOT_SUPPORTED = -104, // Requested feature is not supported in the selected GPU
+        PORTID_NOT_FOUND = -105, // No port ID was found for the I2C transaction
+        EXPECTED_UNATTACHED_DISPLAY_HANDLE = -106, // Expected an unattached display handle as one of the input parameters.
+        INVALID_PERF_LEVEL = -107, // Invalid perf level
+        DEVICE_BUSY = -108, // Device is busy; request not fulfilled
+        NV_PERSIST_FILE_NOT_FOUND = -109, // NV persist file is not found
+        PERSIST_DATA_NOT_FOUND = -110, // NV persist data is not found
+        EXPECTED_TV_DISPLAY = -111, // Expected a TV output display
+        EXPECTED_TV_DISPLAY_ON_DCONNECTOR = -112, // Expected a TV output on the D Connector - HDTV_EIAJ4120.
+        NO_ACTIVE_SLI_TOPOLOGY = -113, // SLI is not active on this device.
+        SLI_RENDERING_MODE_NOTALLOWED = -114, // Setup of SLI rendering mode is not possible right now.
+        EXPECTED_DIGITAL_FLAT_PANEL = -115, // Expected a digital flat panel.
+        ARGUMENT_EXCEED_MAX_SIZE = -116, // Argument exceeds the expected size.
+        DEVICE_SWITCHING_NOT_ALLOWED = -117, // Inhibit is ON due to one of the flags in NV_GPU_DISPLAY_CHANGE_INHIBIT or SLI active.
+        TESTING_CLOCKS_NOT_SUPPORTED = -118, // Testing of clocks is not supported.
+        UNKNOWN_UNDERSCAN_CONFIG = -119, // The specified underscan config is from an unknown source (e.g. INF)
+        TIMEOUT_RECONFIGURING_GPU_TOPO = -120, // Timeout while reconfiguring GPUs
+        DATA_NOT_FOUND = -121, // Requested data was not found
+        EXPECTED_ANALOG_DISPLAY = -122, // Expected an analog display
+        NO_VIDLINK = -123, // No SLI video bridge is present
+        REQUIRES_REBOOT = -124, // NVAPI requires a reboot for the settings to take effect
+        INVALID_HYBRID_MODE = -125, // The function is not supported with the current Hybrid mode.
+        MIXED_TARGET_TYPES = -126, // The target types are not all the same
+        SYSWOW64_NOT_SUPPORTED = -127, // The function is not supported from 32-bit on a 64-bit system.
+        IMPLICIT_SET_GPU_TOPOLOGY_CHANGE_NOT_ALLOWED = -128, // There is no implicit GPU topology active. Use SetHybridMode to change topology.
+        REQUEST_USER_TO_CLOSE_NON_MIGRATABLE_APPS = -129, // Prompt the user to close all non-migratable applications.
+        OUT_OF_MEMORY = -130, // Could not allocate sufficient memory to complete the call.
+        WAS_STILL_DRAWING = -131, // The previous operation that is transferring information to or from this surface is incomplete.
+        FILE_NOT_FOUND = -132, // The file was not found.
+        TOO_MANY_UNIQUE_STATE_OBJECTS = -133, // There are too many unique instances of a particular type of state object.
+        INVALID_CALL = -134, // The method call is invalid. For example, a method's parameter may not be a valid pointer.
+        D3D10_1_LIBRARY_NOT_FOUND = -135, // d3d10_1.dll cannot be loaded.
+        FUNCTION_NOT_FOUND = -136, // Couldn't find the function in the loaded DLL.
+        INVALID_USER_PRIVILEGE = -137, // Current User is not Admin.
+        EXPECTED_NON_PRIMARY_DISPLAY_HANDLE = -138, // The handle corresponds to GDIPrimary.
+        EXPECTED_COMPUTE_GPU_HANDLE = -139, // Setting Physx GPU requires that the GPU is compute-capable.
+        STEREO_NOT_INITIALIZED = -140, // The Stereo part of NVAPI failed to initialize completely. Check if the stereo driver is installed.
+        STEREO_REGISTRY_ACCESS_FAILED = -141, // Access to stereo-related registry keys or values has failed.
+        STEREO_REGISTRY_PROFILE_TYPE_NOT_SUPPORTED = -142, // The given registry profile type is not supported.
+        STEREO_REGISTRY_VALUE_NOT_SUPPORTED = -143, // The given registry value is not supported.
+        STEREO_NOT_ENABLED = -144, // Stereo is not enabled and the function needed it to execute completely.
+        STEREO_NOT_TURNED_ON = -145, // Stereo is not turned on and the function needed it to execute completely.
+        STEREO_INVALID_DEVICE_INTERFACE = -146, // Invalid device interface.
+        STEREO_PARAMETER_OUT_OF_RANGE = -147, // Separation percentage or JPEG image capture quality is out of [0-100] range.
+        STEREO_FRUSTUM_ADJUST_MODE_NOT_SUPPORTED = -148, // The given frustum adjust mode is not supported.
+        TOPO_NOT_POSSIBLE = -149, // The mosaic topology is not possible given the current state of the hardware.
+        MODE_CHANGE_FAILED = -150, // An attempt to do a display resolution mode change has failed.
+        D3D11_LIBRARY_NOT_FOUND = -151, // d3d11.dll/d3d11_beta.dll cannot be loaded.
+        INVALID_ADDRESS = -152, // Address is outside of valid range.
+        STRING_TOO_SMALL = -153, // The pre-allocated string is too small to hold the result.
+        MATCHING_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND = -154, // The input does not match any of the available devices.
+        DRIVER_RUNNING = -155, // Driver is running.
+        DRIVER_NOTRUNNING = -156, // Driver is not running.
+        ERROR_DRIVER_RELOAD_REQUIRED = -157, // A driver reload is required to apply these settings.
+        SET_NOT_ALLOWED = -158, // Intended setting is not allowed.
+        ADVANCED_DISPLAY_TOPOLOGY_REQUIRED = -159, // Information can't be returned due to "advanced display topology".
+        SETTING_NOT_FOUND = -160, // Setting is not found.
+        SETTING_SIZE_TOO_LARGE = -161, // Setting size is too large.
+        TOO_MANY_SETTINGS_IN_PROFILE = -162, // There are too many settings for a profile.
+        PROFILE_NOT_FOUND = -163, // Profile is not found.
+        PROFILE_NAME_IN_USE = -164, // Profile name is duplicated.
+        PROFILE_NAME_EMPTY = -165, // Profile name is empty.
+        EXECUTABLE_NOT_FOUND = -166, // Application not found in the Profile.
+        EXECUTABLE_ALREADY_IN_USE = -167, // Application already exists in the other profile.
+        DATATYPE_MISMATCH = -168, // Data Type mismatch
+        PROFILE_REMOVED = -169, // The profile passed as parameter has been removed and is no longer valid.
+        UNREGISTERED_RESOURCE = -170, // An unregistered resource was passed as a parameter.
+        ID_OUT_OF_RANGE = -171, // The DisplayId corresponds to a display which is not within the normal outputId range.
+        DISPLAYCONFIG_VALIDATION_FAILED = -172, // Display topology is not valid so the driver cannot do a mode set on this configuration.
+        DPMST_CHANGED = -173, // Display Port Multi-Stream topology has been changed.
+        INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER = -174, // Input buffer is insufficient to hold the contents.
+        ACCESS_DENIED = -175, // No access to the caller.
+        MOSAIC_NOT_ACTIVE = -176, // The requested action cannot be performed without Mosaic being enabled.
+        SHARE_RESOURCE_RELOCATED = -177, // The surface is relocated away from video memory.
+        REQUEST_USER_TO_DISABLE_DWM = -178, // The user should disable DWM before calling NvAPI.
+        D3D_DEVICE_LOST = -179, // D3D device status is D3DERR_DEVICELOST or D3DERR_DEVICENOTRESET - the user has to reset the device.
+        INVALID_CONFIGURATION = -180, // The requested action cannot be performed in the current state.
+        STEREO_HANDSHAKE_NOT_DONE = -181, // Call failed as stereo handshake not completed.
+        EXECUTABLE_PATH_IS_AMBIGUOUS = -182, // The path provided was too short to determine the correct NVDRS_APPLICATION
+        DEFAULT_STEREO_PROFILE_IS_NOT_DEFINED = -183, // Default stereo profile is not currently defined
+        DEFAULT_STEREO_PROFILE_DOES_NOT_EXIST = -184, // Default stereo profile does not exist
+        CLUSTER_ALREADY_EXISTS = -185, // A cluster is already defined with the given configuration.
+        DPMST_DISPLAY_ID_EXPECTED = -186, // The input display id is not that of a multi stream enabled connector or a display device in a multi stream topology
+        INVALID_DISPLAY_ID = -187, // The input display id is not valid or the monitor associated to it does not support the current operation
+        STREAM_IS_OUT_OF_SYNC = -188, // While playing secure audio stream, stream goes out of sync
+        INCOMPATIBLE_AUDIO_DRIVER = -189, // Older audio driver version than required
+        VALUE_ALREADY_SET = -190, // Value already set, setting again not allowed.
+        TIMEOUT = -191, // Requested operation timed out
+        GPU_WORKSTATION_FEATURE_INCOMPLETE = -192, // The requested workstation feature set has incomplete driver internal allocation resources
+        STEREO_INIT_ACTIVATION_NOT_DONE = -193, // Call failed because InitActivation was not called.
+        SYNC_NOT_ACTIVE = -194, // The requested action cannot be performed without Sync being enabled.
+        SYNC_MASTER_NOT_FOUND = -195, // The requested action cannot be performed without Sync Master being enabled.
+        INVALID_SYNC_TOPOLOGY = -196, // Invalid displays passed in the NV_GSYNC_DISPLAY pointer.
+        ECID_SIGN_ALGO_UNSUPPORTED = -197, // The specified signing algorithm is not supported. Either an incorrect value was entered or the current installed driver/hardware does not support the input value.
+        ECID_KEY_VERIFICATION_FAILED = -198, // The encrypted public key verification has failed.
+        FIRMWARE_OUT_OF_DATE = -199, // The device's firmware is out of date.
+        FIRMWARE_REVISION_NOT_SUPPORTED = -200, // The device's firmware is not supported.
+    }
+
+    internal enum NvSystemType
+    {
+        UNKNOWN = 0,
+        LAPTOP = 1,
+        DESKTOP = 2
+    }
+
+    internal enum NvGpuType
+    {
+        UNKNOWN = 0,
+        IGPU = 1, // Integrated
+        DGPU = 2, // Discrete
+    }
+
+    internal enum NvSettingID : uint
+    {
+        OGL_AA_LINE_GAMMA_ID = 0x2089BF6C,
+        OGL_DEEP_COLOR_SCANOUT_ID = 0x2097C2F6,
+        OGL_DEFAULT_SWAP_INTERVAL_ID = 0x206A6582,
+        OGL_DEFAULT_SWAP_INTERVAL_FRACTIONAL_ID = 0x206C4581,
+        OGL_DEFAULT_SWAP_INTERVAL_SIGN_ID = 0x20655CFA,
+        OGL_EVENT_LOG_SEVERITY_THRESHOLD_ID = 0x209DF23E,
+        OGL_EXTENSION_STRING_VERSION_ID = 0x20FF7493,
+        OGL_FORCE_BLIT_ID = 0x201F619F,
+        OGL_FORCE_STEREO_ID = 0x204D9A0C,
+        OGL_IMPLICIT_GPU_AFFINITY_ID = 0x20D0F3E6,
+        OGL_MAX_FRAMES_ALLOWED_ID = 0x208E55E3,
+        OGL_MULTIMON_ID = 0x200AEBFC,
+        OGL_OVERLAY_PIXEL_TYPE_ID = 0x209AE66F,
+        OGL_OVERLAY_SUPPORT_ID = 0x206C28C4,
+        OGL_QUALITY_ENHANCEMENTS_ID = 0x20797D6C,
+        OGL_SINGLE_BACKDEPTH_BUFFER_ID = 0x20A29055,
+        OGL_THREAD_CONTROL_ID = 0x20C1221E,
+        OGL_TRIPLE_BUFFER_ID = 0x20FDD1F9,
+        OGL_VIDEO_EDITING_MODE_ID = 0x20EE02B4,
+        AA_BEHAVIOR_FLAGS_ID = 0x10ECDB82,
+        AA_MODE_ALPHATOCOVERAGE_ID = 0x10FC2D9C,
+        AA_MODE_GAMMACORRECTION_ID = 0x107D639D,
+        AA_MODE_METHOD_ID = 0x10D773D2,
+        AA_MODE_REPLAY_ID = 0x10D48A85,
+        AA_MODE_SELECTOR_ID = 0x107EFC5B,
+        AA_MODE_SELECTOR_SLIAA_ID = 0x107AFC5B,
+        ANISO_MODE_LEVEL_ID = 0x101E61A9,
+        ANISO_MODE_SELECTOR_ID = 0x10D2BB16,
+        APPLICATION_PROFILE_NOTIFICATION_TIMEOUT_ID = 0x104554B6,
+        APPLICATION_STEAM_ID_ID = 0x107CDDBC,
+        CPL_HIDDEN_PROFILE_ID = 0x106D5CFF,
+        CUDA_EXCLUDED_GPUS_ID = 0x10354FF8,
+        D3DOGL_GPU_MAX_POWER_ID = 0x10D1EF29,
+        EXPORT_PERF_COUNTERS_ID = 0x108F0841,
+        FXAA_ALLOW_ID = 0x1034CB89,
+        FXAA_ENABLE_ID = 0x1074C972,
+        FXAA_INDICATOR_ENABLE_ID = 0x1068FB9C,
+        MCSFRSHOWSPLIT_ID = 0x10287051,
+        OPTIMUS_MAXAA_ID = 0x10F9DC83,
+        PHYSXINDICATOR_ID = 0x1094F16F,
+        PREFERRED_PSTATE_ID = 0x1057EB71,
+        PREVENT_UI_AF_OVERRIDE_ID = 0x103BCCB5,
+        PS_FRAMERATE_LIMITER_ID = 0x10834FEE,
+        PS_FRAMERATE_LIMITER_GPS_CTRL_ID = 0x10834F01,
+        SHIM_MAXRES_ID = 0x10F9DC82,
+        SHIM_MCCOMPAT_ID = 0x10F9DC80,
+        SHIM_RENDERING_MODE_ID = 0x10F9DC81,
+        SHIM_RENDERING_OPTIONS_ID = 0x10F9DC84,
+        SLI_GPU_COUNT_ID = 0x1033DCD1,
+        SLI_PREDEFINED_GPU_COUNT_ID = 0x1033DCD2,
+        SLI_PREDEFINED_GPU_COUNT_DX10_ID = 0x1033DCD3,
+        SLI_PREDEFINED_MODE_ID = 0x1033CEC1,
+        SLI_PREDEFINED_MODE_DX10_ID = 0x1033CEC2,
+        SLI_RENDERING_MODE_ID = 0x1033CED1,
+        VRRFEATUREINDICATOR_ID = 0x1094F157,
+        VRROVERLAYINDICATOR_ID = 0x1095F16F,
+        VRRREQUESTSTATE_ID = 0x1094F1F7,
+        VSYNCSMOOTHAFR_ID = 0x101AE763,
+        VSYNCVRRCONTROL_ID = 0x10A879CE,
+        VSYNC_BEHAVIOR_FLAGS_ID = 0x10FDEC23,
+        WKS_API_STEREO_EYES_EXCHANGE_ID = 0x11AE435C,
+        WKS_API_STEREO_MODE_ID = 0x11E91A61,
+        WKS_MEMORY_ALLOCATION_POLICY_ID = 0x11112233,
+        WKS_STEREO_DONGLE_SUPPORT_ID = 0x112493BD,
+        WKS_STEREO_SUPPORT_ID = 0x11AA9E99,
+        WKS_STEREO_SWAP_MODE_ID = 0x11333333,
+        AO_MODE_ID = 0x00667329,
+        AO_MODE_ACTIVE_ID = 0x00664339,
+        AUTO_LODBIASADJUST_ID = 0x00638E8F,
+        ICAFE_LOGO_CONFIG_ID = 0x00DB1337,
+        LODBIASADJUST_ID = 0x00738E8F,
+        PRERENDERLIMIT_ID = 0x007BA09E,
+        PS_DYNAMIC_TILING_ID = 0x00E5C6C0,
+        PS_SHADERDISKCACHE_ID = 0x00198FFF,
+        PS_TEXFILTER_ANISO_OPTS2_ID = 0x00E73211,
+        PS_TEXFILTER_BILINEAR_IN_ANISO_ID = 0x0084CD70,
+        PS_TEXFILTER_DISABLE_TRILIN_SLOPE_ID = 0x002ECAF2,
+        PS_TEXFILTER_NO_NEG_LODBIAS_ID = 0x0019BB68,
+        QUALITY_ENHANCEMENTS_ID = 0x00CE2691,
+        REFRESH_RATE_OVERRIDE_ID = 0x0064B541,
+        SET_POWER_THROTTLE_FOR_PCIe_COMPLIANCE_ID = 0x00AE785C,
+        SET_VAB_DATA_ID = 0x00AB8687,
+        VSYNCMODE_ID = 0x00A879CF,
+        VSYNCTEARCONTROL_ID = 0x005A375C,
+        TOTAL_DWORD_SETTING_NUM = 80,
+        TOTAL_WSTRING_SETTING_NUM = 4,
+        TOTAL_SETTING_NUM = 84,
+        INVALID_SETTING_ID = 0xFFFFFFFF
+    }
+
+    internal enum NvShimSetting : uint
+    {
+        SHIM_RENDERING_MODE_INTEGRATED = 0x00000000,
+        SHIM_RENDERING_MODE_ENABLE = 0x00000001,
+        SHIM_RENDERING_MODE_USER_EDITABLE = 0x00000002,
+        SHIM_RENDERING_MODE_MASK = 0x00000003,
+        SHIM_RENDERING_MODE_VIDEO_MASK = 0x00000004,
+        SHIM_RENDERING_MODE_VARYING_BIT = 0x00000008,
+        SHIM_RENDERING_MODE_AUTO_SELECT = 0x00000010,
+        SHIM_RENDERING_MODE_OVERRIDE_BIT = 0x80000000,
+        SHIM_RENDERING_MODE_NUM_VALUES = 8,
+        SHIM_RENDERING_MODE_DEFAULT = SHIM_RENDERING_MODE_AUTO_SELECT
+    }
+
+    internal enum NvThreadControlSetting : uint
+    {
+        OGL_THREAD_CONTROL_ENABLE = 0x00000001,
+        OGL_THREAD_CONTROL_DISABLE = 0x00000002,
+        OGL_THREAD_CONTROL_NUM_VALUES = 2,
+        OGL_THREAD_CONTROL_DEFAULT = 0
+    }
+}
@@ -30,6 +30,11 @@ namespace osu.Desktop
        [STAThread]
        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
+            // NVIDIA profiles are based on the executable name of a process.
+            // Lazer and stable share the same executable name.
+            // Stable sets this setting to "Off", which may not be what we want, so let's force it back to the default "Auto" on startup.
+            NVAPI.ThreadedOptimisations = NvThreadControlSetting.OGL_THREAD_CONTROL_DEFAULT;
+
            // run Squirrel first, as the app may exit after these run
            if (OperatingSystem.IsWindows())
            {
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Tests
                Mod = new CatchModHidden(),
                PassCondition = () => Player.Results.Count > 0
                                      && Player.ChildrenOfType<DrawableJuiceStream>().Single().Alpha > 0
-                                      && Player.ChildrenOfType<DrawableFruit>().Last().Alpha > 0
+                                      && Player.ChildrenOfType<DrawableFruit>().First().Alpha > 0
            });
        }

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ using osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Objects;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Scoring;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects.Legacy;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects.Types;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring.Legacy;
@@ -62,13 +63,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Difficulty
                drainLength = ((int)Math.Round(baseBeatmap.HitObjects[^1].StartTime) - (int)Math.Round(baseBeatmap.HitObjects[0].StartTime) - breakLength) / 1000;
            }

-            int difficultyPeppyStars = (int)Math.Round(
-                (baseBeatmap.Difficulty.DrainRate
-                 + baseBeatmap.Difficulty.OverallDifficulty
-                 + baseBeatmap.Difficulty.CircleSize
-                 + Math.Clamp((float)objectCount / drainLength * 8, 0, 16)) / 38 * 5);
-
-            scoreMultiplier = difficultyPeppyStars;
+            scoreMultiplier = LegacyRulesetExtensions.CalculateDifficultyPeppyStars(baseBeatmap.Difficulty, objectCount, drainLength);

            LegacyScoreAttributes attributes = new LegacyScoreAttributes();

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Objects.Drawables
            RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.X;
            Origin = Anchor.BottomLeft;

-            AddInternal(bananaContainer = new Container { RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both });
+            AddInternal(bananaContainer = new NestedFruitContainer { RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both });
        }

        protected override void AddNestedHitObject(DrawableHitObject hitObject)
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Objects.Drawables
            RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.X;
            Origin = Anchor.BottomLeft;

-            AddInternal(dropletContainer = new Container { RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both, });
+            AddInternal(dropletContainer = new NestedFruitContainer { RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both, });
        }

        protected override void AddNestedHitObject(DrawableHitObject hitObject)
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using osu.Framework.Graphics;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.UI;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Objects.Drawables
+{
+    public partial class NestedFruitContainer : Container
+    {
+        /// <remarks>
+        /// This comparison logic is a copy of <see cref="HitObjectContainer"/> comparison logic,
+        /// which can't be easily extracted to a more common place.
+        /// </remarks>
+        /// <seealso cref="HitObjectContainer.Compare"/>
+        protected override int Compare(Drawable x, Drawable y)
+        {
+            if (x is not DrawableCatchHitObject xObj || y is not DrawableCatchHitObject yObj)
+                return base.Compare(x, y);
+
+            int result = yObj.HitObject.StartTime.CompareTo(xObj.HitObject.StartTime);
+            return result == 0 ? CompareReverseChildID(x, y) : result;
+        }
+    }
+}
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.

 using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Judgements;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring;
 using osu.Game.Scoring;
@@ -20,20 +21,73 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Scoring
        private const int combo_cap = 200;
        private const double combo_base = 4;

+        private double fruitTinyScale;
+
        public CatchScoreProcessor()
            : base(new CatchRuleset())
        {
        }

+        protected override void Reset(bool storeResults)
+        {
+            base.Reset(storeResults);
+
+            // large ticks are *purposefully* not counted to match stable
+            int fruitTinyScaleDivisor = MaximumResultCounts.GetValueOrDefault(HitResult.SmallTickHit) + MaximumResultCounts.GetValueOrDefault(HitResult.Great);
+            fruitTinyScale = fruitTinyScaleDivisor == 0
+                ? 0
+                : (double)MaximumResultCounts.GetValueOrDefault(HitResult.SmallTickHit) / fruitTinyScaleDivisor;
+        }
+
        protected override double ComputeTotalScore(double comboProgress, double accuracyProgress, double bonusPortion)
        {
-            return 600000 * comboProgress
-                   + 400000 * Accuracy.Value * accuracyProgress
+            const int max_tiny_droplets_portion = 400000;
+
+            double comboPortion = 1000000 - max_tiny_droplets_portion + max_tiny_droplets_portion * (1 - fruitTinyScale);
+            double dropletsPortion = max_tiny_droplets_portion * fruitTinyScale;
+            double dropletsHit = MaximumResultCounts.GetValueOrDefault(HitResult.SmallTickHit) == 0
+                ? 0
+                : (double)ScoreResultCounts.GetValueOrDefault(HitResult.SmallTickHit) / MaximumResultCounts.GetValueOrDefault(HitResult.SmallTickHit);
+
+            return comboPortion * comboProgress
+                   + dropletsPortion * dropletsHit
                   + bonusPortion;
        }

+        public override int GetBaseScoreForResult(HitResult result)
+        {
+            switch (result)
+            {
+                // dirty hack to emulate accuracy on stable weighting every object equally in accuracy portion
+                case HitResult.Great:
+                case HitResult.LargeTickHit:
+                case HitResult.SmallTickHit:
+                    return 300;
+
+                case HitResult.LargeBonus:
+                    return 200;
+            }
+
+            return base.GetBaseScoreForResult(result);
+        }
+
        protected override double GetComboScoreChange(JudgementResult result)
-            => GetBaseScoreForResult(result.Type) * Math.Min(Math.Max(0.5, Math.Log(result.ComboAfterJudgement, combo_base)), Math.Log(combo_cap, combo_base));
+        {
+            double baseIncrease = 0;
+
+            switch (result.Type)
+            {
+                case HitResult.Great:
+                    baseIncrease = 300;
+                    break;
+
+                case HitResult.LargeTickHit:
+                    baseIncrease = 100;
+                    break;
+            }
+
+            return baseIncrease * Math.Min(Math.Max(0.5, Math.Log(result.ComboAfterJudgement, combo_base)), Math.Log(combo_cap, combo_base));
+        }

        public override ScoreRank RankFromAccuracy(double accuracy)
        {
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using System.Linq;
+using NUnit.Framework;
+using osu.Framework.Testing;
+using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects.Drawables;
+using osu.Game.Tests.Beatmaps;
+using osu.Game.Tests.Visual;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests.Editor
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// This test covers autoplay working correctly in the editor on fast streams.
+    /// Might seem like a weird test, but frame stability being toggled can cause autoplay to operation incorrectly.
+    /// This is clearly a bug with the autoplay algorithm, but is worked around at an editor level for now.
+    /// </summary>
+    public partial class TestSceneEditorAutoplayFastStreams : EditorTestScene
+    {
+        protected override IBeatmap CreateBeatmap(RulesetInfo ruleset)
+        {
+            var testBeatmap = new TestBeatmap(ruleset, false);
+            testBeatmap.HitObjects.AddRange(new[]
+            {
+                new HitCircle { StartTime = 500 },
+                new HitCircle { StartTime = 530 },
+                new HitCircle { StartTime = 560 },
+                new HitCircle { StartTime = 590 },
+                new HitCircle { StartTime = 620 },
+            });
+
+            return testBeatmap;
+        }
+
+        protected override Ruleset CreateEditorRuleset() => new OsuRuleset();
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestAllHit()
+        {
+            AddStep("start playback", () => EditorClock.Start());
+            AddUntilStep("wait for all hit", () =>
+            {
+                DrawableHitCircle[] hitCircles = Editor.ChildrenOfType<DrawableHitCircle>().OrderBy(s => s.HitObject.StartTime).ToArray();
+
+                return hitCircles.Length == 5 && hitCircles.All(h => h.IsHit);
+            });
+        }
+    }
+}
@@ -46,10 +46,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests.Editor
            moveMouseToObject(() => slider);

            AddStep("seek after end", () => EditorClock.Seek(750));
+            AddUntilStep("wait for seek", () => !EditorClock.IsSeeking);
            AddStep("left click", () => InputManager.Click(MouseButton.Left));
            AddAssert("slider not selected", () => EditorBeatmap.SelectedHitObjects.Count == 0);

            AddStep("seek to visible", () => EditorClock.Seek(650));
+            AddUntilStep("wait for seek", () => !EditorClock.IsSeeking);
            AddStep("left click", () => InputManager.Click(MouseButton.Left));
            AddUntilStep("slider selected", () => EditorBeatmap.SelectedHitObjects.Single() == slider);
        }
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests

            assertHeadJudgement(HitResult.Meh);
            assertTickJudgement(HitResult.LargeTickHit);
-            assertTailJudgement(HitResult.LargeTickHit);
+            assertTailJudgement(HitResult.SliderTailHit);
            assertSliderJudgement(HitResult.IgnoreHit);
        }

@@ -467,13 +467,13 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests

        private void assertHeadMissTailTracked()
        {
-            AddAssert("Tracking retained", () => judgementResults[^2].Type, () => Is.EqualTo(HitResult.LargeTickHit));
+            AddAssert("Tracking retained", () => judgementResults[^2].Type, () => Is.EqualTo(HitResult.SliderTailHit));
            AddAssert("Slider head missed", () => judgementResults.First().IsHit, () => Is.False);
        }

        private void assertMidSliderJudgements()
        {
-            AddAssert("Tracking acquired", () => judgementResults[^2].Type, () => Is.EqualTo(HitResult.LargeTickHit));
+            AddAssert("Tracking acquired", () => judgementResults[^2].Type, () => Is.EqualTo(HitResult.SliderTailHit));
        }

        private void assertMidSliderJudgementFail()
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests
            });

            assertHeadJudgement(HitResult.Ok);
-            assertTailJudgement(HitResult.LargeTickHit);
+            assertTailJudgement(HitResult.SliderTailHit);
            assertSliderJudgement(HitResult.IgnoreHit);
        }

@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests
            assertTickJudgement(1, HitResult.LargeTickHit);
            assertTickJudgement(2, HitResult.LargeTickHit);
            assertTickJudgement(3, HitResult.LargeTickHit);
-            assertTailJudgement(HitResult.LargeTickHit);
+            assertTailJudgement(HitResult.SliderTailHit);
            assertSliderJudgement(HitResult.IgnoreHit);
        }

@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests
            assertHeadJudgement(HitResult.Meh);
            assertAllTickJudgements(HitResult.LargeTickHit);
            assertRepeatJudgement(HitResult.LargeTickHit);
-            assertTailJudgement(HitResult.LargeTickHit);
+            assertTailJudgement(HitResult.SliderTailHit);
            assertSliderJudgement(HitResult.IgnoreHit);
        }

@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests

            assertHeadJudgement(HitResult.Meh);
            assertRepeatJudgement(HitResult.LargeTickHit);
-            assertTailJudgement(HitResult.LargeTickHit);
+            assertTailJudgement(HitResult.SliderTailHit);
            assertSliderJudgement(HitResult.IgnoreHit);
        }

@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests
            assertAllTickJudgements(HitResult.LargeTickMiss);

            // This particular test actually starts tracking the slider just before the end, so the tail should be hit because of its leniency.
-            assertTailJudgement(HitResult.LargeTickHit);
+            assertTailJudgement(HitResult.SliderTailHit);

            assertSliderJudgement(HitResult.IgnoreHit);
        }
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests

            assertHeadJudgement(HitResult.Meh);
            assertTickJudgement(0, HitResult.LargeTickMiss);
-            assertTailJudgement(HitResult.LargeTickHit);
+            assertTailJudgement(HitResult.SliderTailHit);
            assertSliderJudgement(HitResult.IgnoreHit);
        }

@@ -307,7 +307,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests
            assertHeadJudgement(HitResult.Meh);
            assertTickJudgement(0, HitResult.LargeTickMiss);
            assertTickJudgement(1, HitResult.LargeTickMiss);
-            assertTailJudgement(HitResult.LargeTickHit);
+            assertTailJudgement(HitResult.SliderTailHit);
            assertSliderJudgement(HitResult.IgnoreHit);
        }

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ using System.Linq;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects.Legacy;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects.Types;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Mods;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects;
@@ -62,13 +63,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Difficulty
                drainLength = ((int)Math.Round(baseBeatmap.HitObjects[^1].StartTime) - (int)Math.Round(baseBeatmap.HitObjects[0].StartTime) - breakLength) / 1000;
            }

-            int difficultyPeppyStars = (int)Math.Round(
-                (baseBeatmap.Difficulty.DrainRate
-                 + baseBeatmap.Difficulty.OverallDifficulty
-                 + baseBeatmap.Difficulty.CircleSize
-                 + Math.Clamp((float)objectCount / drainLength * 8, 0, 16)) / 38 * 5);
-
-            scoreMultiplier = difficultyPeppyStars;
+            scoreMultiplier = LegacyRulesetExtensions.CalculateDifficultyPeppyStars(baseBeatmap.Difficulty, objectCount, drainLength);

            LegacyScoreAttributes attributes = new LegacyScoreAttributes();

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ using osu.Framework.Allocation;
 using osu.Framework.Bindables;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
+using osu.Framework.Layout;
 using osu.Game.Audio;
 using osu.Game.Graphics.Containers;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects;
@@ -66,6 +67,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects.Drawables
        private Container<DrawableSliderRepeat> repeatContainer;
        private PausableSkinnableSound slidingSample;

+        private readonly LayoutValue drawSizeLayout;
+
        public DrawableSlider()
            : this(null)
        {
@@ -82,6 +85,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects.Drawables
                AlwaysPresent = true,
                Alpha = 0
            };
+            AddLayout(drawSizeLayout = new LayoutValue(Invalidation.DrawSize | Invalidation.MiscGeometry));
        }

        [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
@@ -246,21 +250,20 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects.Drawables
            Ball.UpdateProgress(completionProgress);
            SliderBody?.UpdateProgress(HeadCircle.IsHit ? completionProgress : 0);

-            foreach (DrawableHitObject hitObject in NestedHitObjects)
-            {
-                if (hitObject is ITrackSnaking s)
-                    s.UpdateSnakingPosition(HitObject.Path.PositionAt(SliderBody?.SnakedStart ?? 0), HitObject.Path.PositionAt(SliderBody?.SnakedEnd ?? 0));
-            }
+            foreach (DrawableSliderRepeat repeat in repeatContainer)
+                repeat.UpdateSnakingPosition(HitObject.Path.PositionAt(SliderBody?.SnakedStart ?? 0), HitObject.Path.PositionAt(SliderBody?.SnakedEnd ?? 0));

            Size = SliderBody?.Size ?? Vector2.Zero;
            OriginPosition = SliderBody?.PathOffset ?? Vector2.Zero;

-            if (DrawSize != Vector2.Zero)
+            if (!drawSizeLayout.IsValid)
            {
-                var childAnchorPosition = Vector2.Divide(OriginPosition, DrawSize);
+                Vector2 pos = Vector2.Divide(OriginPosition, DrawSize);
                foreach (var obj in NestedHitObjects)
-                    obj.RelativeAnchorPosition = childAnchorPosition;
-                Ball.RelativeAnchorPosition = childAnchorPosition;
+                    obj.RelativeAnchorPosition = pos;
+                Ball.RelativeAnchorPosition = pos;
+
+                drawSizeLayout.Validate();
            }
        }

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ using osuTK;

 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects.Drawables
 {
-    public partial class DrawableSliderRepeat : DrawableOsuHitObject, ITrackSnaking
+    public partial class DrawableSliderRepeat : DrawableOsuHitObject
    {
        public new SliderRepeat HitObject => (SliderRepeat)base.HitObject;

@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
-// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
-
-using osuTK;
-
-namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects.Drawables
-{
-    /// <summary>
-    /// A component which tracks the current end snaking position of a slider.
-    /// </summary>
-    public interface ITrackSnaking
-    {
-        void UpdateSnakingPosition(Vector2 start, Vector2 end);
-    }
-}
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects

        public class TailJudgement : SliderEndJudgement
        {
-            public override HitResult MaxResult => HitResult.LargeTickHit;
+            public override HitResult MaxResult => HitResult.SliderTailHit;
            public override HitResult MinResult => HitResult.IgnoreMiss;
        }
    }
@@ -277,6 +277,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu

                HitResult.LargeTickHit,
                HitResult.SmallTickHit,
+                HitResult.SliderTailHit,
                HitResult.SmallBonus,
                HitResult.LargeBonus,
            };
@@ -289,6 +290,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu
                case HitResult.LargeTickHit:
                    return "slider tick";

+                case HitResult.SliderTailHit:
                case HitResult.SmallTickHit:
                    return "slider end";

@@ -91,6 +91,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Scoring
                    // When classic slider mechanics are enabled, this result comes from the tail.
                    return 0.02;

+                case HitResult.SliderTailHit:
                case HitResult.LargeTickHit:
                    switch (result.HitObject)
                    {
@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Scoring
                    increase = 0.02;
                    break;

+                case HitResult.SliderTailHit:
                case HitResult.LargeTickHit:
                    // This result comes from either a slider tick or repeat.
                    increase = hitObject is SliderTick ? 0.015 : 0.02;
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Skinning.Argon
                    RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
                    InnerRadius = arc_radius,
                    RoundedCaps = true,
-                    GlowColour = new Color4(171, 255, 255, 255)
+                    GlowColour = new Color4(171, 255, 255, 180)
                }
            };
        }
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ using System.Linq;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects.Legacy;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects.Types;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring.Legacy;
@@ -65,11 +66,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Taiko.Difficulty
                drainLength = ((int)Math.Round(baseBeatmap.HitObjects[^1].StartTime) - (int)Math.Round(baseBeatmap.HitObjects[0].StartTime) - breakLength) / 1000;
            }

-            difficultyPeppyStars = (int)Math.Round(
-                (baseBeatmap.Difficulty.DrainRate
-                 + baseBeatmap.Difficulty.OverallDifficulty
-                 + baseBeatmap.Difficulty.CircleSize
-                 + Math.Clamp((float)objectCount / drainLength * 8, 0, 16)) / 38 * 5);
+            difficultyPeppyStars = LegacyRulesetExtensions.CalculateDifficultyPeppyStars(baseBeatmap.Difficulty, objectCount, drainLength);

            LegacyScoreAttributes attributes = new LegacyScoreAttributes();

@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Chat
            });

            AddStep("post message", () => channelManager.PostMessage("Something interesting"));
-            AddUntilStep("message postesd", () => !channel.Messages.Any(m => m is LocalMessage));
+            AddUntilStep("message posted", () => !channel.Messages.Any(m => m is LocalMessage));

            AddStep("post /help command", () => channelManager.PostCommand("help", channel));
            AddStep("post /me command with no action", () => channelManager.PostCommand("me", channel));
@@ -146,6 +146,23 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Chat
            AddAssert("channel has no more messages", () => channel.Messages, () => Is.Empty);
        }

+        [Test]
+        public void TestCommandNameCaseInsensitivity()
+        {
+            Channel channel = null;
+
+            AddStep("join channel and select it", () =>
+            {
+                channelManager.JoinChannel(channel = createChannel(1, ChannelType.Public));
+                channelManager.CurrentChannel.Value = channel;
+            });
+
+            AddStep("post /me command", () => channelManager.PostCommand("ME DANCES"));
+            AddUntilStep("/me command received", () => channel.Messages.Last().Content.Contains("DANCES"));
+            AddStep("post /help command", () => channelManager.PostCommand("HeLp"));
+            AddUntilStep("/help command received", () => channel.Messages.Last().Content.Contains("Supported commands"));
+        }
+
        private void handlePostMessageRequest(PostMessageRequest request)
        {
            var message = new Message(++currentMessageId)
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.

+using System;
 using System.Linq;
 using NUnit.Framework;
 using osu.Framework.Allocation;
@@ -182,9 +183,63 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Database
            AddAssert("Score version not upgraded", () => Realm.Run(r => r.Find<ScoreInfo>(scoreInfo.ID)!.TotalScoreVersion), () => Is.EqualTo(30000002));
        }

+        [Test]
+        public void TestCustomRulesetScoreNotSubjectToUpgrades([Values] bool available)
+        {
+            RulesetInfo rulesetInfo = null!;
+            ScoreInfo scoreInfo = null!;
+            TestBackgroundDataStoreProcessor processor = null!;
+
+            AddStep("Add unavailable ruleset", () => Realm.Write(r => r.Add(rulesetInfo = new RulesetInfo
+            {
+                ShortName = Guid.NewGuid().ToString(),
+                Available = available
+            })));
+
+            AddStep("Add score for unavailable ruleset", () => Realm.Write(r => r.Add(scoreInfo = new ScoreInfo(
+                ruleset: rulesetInfo,
+                beatmap: r.All<BeatmapInfo>().First())
+            {
+                TotalScoreVersion = 30000001
+            })));
+
+            AddStep("Run background processor", () => Add(processor = new TestBackgroundDataStoreProcessor()));
+            AddUntilStep("Wait for completion", () => processor.Completed);
+
+            AddAssert("Score not marked as failed", () => Realm.Run(r => r.Find<ScoreInfo>(scoreInfo.ID)!.BackgroundReprocessingFailed), () => Is.False);
+            AddAssert("Score version not upgraded", () => Realm.Run(r => r.Find<ScoreInfo>(scoreInfo.ID)!.TotalScoreVersion), () => Is.EqualTo(30000001));
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestNonLegacyScoreNotSubjectToUpgrades()
+        {
+            ScoreInfo scoreInfo = null!;
+            TestBackgroundDataStoreProcessor processor = null!;
+
+            AddStep("Add score which requires upgrade (and has beatmap)", () =>
+            {
+                Realm.Write(r =>
+                {
+                    r.Add(scoreInfo = new ScoreInfo(ruleset: r.All<RulesetInfo>().First(), beatmap: r.All<BeatmapInfo>().First())
+                    {
+                        TotalScoreVersion = 30000005,
+                        LegacyTotalScore = 123456,
+                    });
+                });
+            });
+
+            AddStep("Run background processor", () => Add(processor = new TestBackgroundDataStoreProcessor()));
+            AddUntilStep("Wait for completion", () => processor.Completed);
+
+            AddAssert("Score not marked as failed", () => Realm.Run(r => r.Find<ScoreInfo>(scoreInfo.ID)!.BackgroundReprocessingFailed), () => Is.False);
+            AddAssert("Score version not upgraded", () => Realm.Run(r => r.Find<ScoreInfo>(scoreInfo.ID)!.TotalScoreVersion), () => Is.EqualTo(30000005));
+        }
+
        public partial class TestBackgroundDataStoreProcessor : BackgroundDataStoreProcessor
        {
            protected override int TimeToSleepDuringGameplay => 10;
+
+            public bool Completed => ProcessingTask.IsCompleted;
        }
    }
 }
@@ -310,6 +310,26 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Mods
                Assert.That(invalid?.Select(t => t.GetType()), Is.EquivalentTo(expectedInvalid));
        }

+        [Test]
+        public void TestFormatScoreMultiplier()
+        {
+            Assert.AreEqual(ModUtils.FormatScoreMultiplier(0.9999).ToString(), "0.99x");
+            Assert.AreEqual(ModUtils.FormatScoreMultiplier(1.0).ToString(), "1.00x");
+            Assert.AreEqual(ModUtils.FormatScoreMultiplier(1.0001).ToString(), "1.01x");
+
+            Assert.AreEqual(ModUtils.FormatScoreMultiplier(0.899999999999999).ToString(), "0.90x");
+            Assert.AreEqual(ModUtils.FormatScoreMultiplier(0.9).ToString(), "0.90x");
+            Assert.AreEqual(ModUtils.FormatScoreMultiplier(0.900000000000001).ToString(), "0.90x");
+
+            Assert.AreEqual(ModUtils.FormatScoreMultiplier(1.099999999999999).ToString(), "1.10x");
+            Assert.AreEqual(ModUtils.FormatScoreMultiplier(1.1).ToString(), "1.10x");
+            Assert.AreEqual(ModUtils.FormatScoreMultiplier(1.100000000000001).ToString(), "1.10x");
+
+            Assert.AreEqual(ModUtils.FormatScoreMultiplier(1.045).ToString(), "1.05x");
+            Assert.AreEqual(ModUtils.FormatScoreMultiplier(1.05).ToString(), "1.05x");
+            Assert.AreEqual(ModUtils.FormatScoreMultiplier(1.055).ToString(), "1.06x");
+        }
+
        public abstract class CustomMod1 : Mod, IModCompatibilitySpecification
        {
        }
@@ -339,6 +359,16 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Mods
            public override bool ValidForMultiplayerAsFreeMod => false;
        }

+        public class EditableMod : Mod
+        {
+            public override string Name => string.Empty;
+            public override LocalisableString Description => string.Empty;
+            public override string Acronym => string.Empty;
+            public override double ScoreMultiplier => Multiplier;
+
+            public double Multiplier = 1;
+        }
+
        public interface IModCompatibilitySpecification
        {
        }
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[Mania]
+Keys: 4
+ColumnLineWidth: 3,,3,3,3
@@ -84,6 +84,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Rulesets.Scoring
        [TestCase(ScoringMode.Standardised, HitResult.SmallTickHit, HitResult.SmallTickHit, 493_652)]
        [TestCase(ScoringMode.Standardised, HitResult.LargeTickMiss, HitResult.LargeTickHit, 0)]
        [TestCase(ScoringMode.Standardised, HitResult.LargeTickHit, HitResult.LargeTickHit, 326_963)]
+        [TestCase(ScoringMode.Standardised, HitResult.SliderTailHit, HitResult.SliderTailHit, 326_963)]
        [TestCase(ScoringMode.Standardised, HitResult.SmallBonus, HitResult.SmallBonus, 1_000_030)]
        [TestCase(ScoringMode.Standardised, HitResult.LargeBonus, HitResult.LargeBonus, 1_000_150)]
        [TestCase(ScoringMode.Classic, HitResult.Miss, HitResult.Great, 0)]
@@ -96,6 +97,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Rulesets.Scoring
        [TestCase(ScoringMode.Classic, HitResult.SmallTickHit, HitResult.SmallTickHit, 49_365)]
        [TestCase(ScoringMode.Classic, HitResult.LargeTickMiss, HitResult.LargeTickHit, 0)]
        [TestCase(ScoringMode.Classic, HitResult.LargeTickHit, HitResult.LargeTickHit, 32_696)]
+        [TestCase(ScoringMode.Classic, HitResult.SliderTailHit, HitResult.SliderTailHit, 32_696)]
        [TestCase(ScoringMode.Classic, HitResult.SmallBonus, HitResult.SmallBonus, 100_003)]
        [TestCase(ScoringMode.Classic, HitResult.LargeBonus, HitResult.LargeBonus, 100_015)]
        public void TestFourVariousResultsOneMiss(ScoringMode scoringMode, HitResult hitResult, HitResult maxResult, int expectedScore)
@@ -167,6 +169,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Rulesets.Scoring
        [TestCase(HitResult.Perfect, HitResult.Miss)]
        [TestCase(HitResult.SmallTickHit, HitResult.SmallTickMiss)]
        [TestCase(HitResult.LargeTickHit, HitResult.LargeTickMiss)]
+        [TestCase(HitResult.SliderTailHit, HitResult.LargeTickMiss)]
        [TestCase(HitResult.SmallBonus, HitResult.IgnoreMiss)]
        [TestCase(HitResult.LargeBonus, HitResult.IgnoreMiss)]
        public void TestMinResults(HitResult hitResult, HitResult expectedMinResult)
@@ -187,6 +190,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Rulesets.Scoring
        [TestCase(HitResult.SmallTickHit, false)]
        [TestCase(HitResult.LargeTickMiss, true)]
        [TestCase(HitResult.LargeTickHit, true)]
+        [TestCase(HitResult.SliderTailHit, true)]
        [TestCase(HitResult.SmallBonus, false)]
        [TestCase(HitResult.LargeBonus, false)]
        public void TestAffectsCombo(HitResult hitResult, bool expectedReturnValue)
@@ -207,6 +211,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Rulesets.Scoring
        [TestCase(HitResult.SmallTickHit, true)]
        [TestCase(HitResult.LargeTickMiss, true)]
        [TestCase(HitResult.LargeTickHit, true)]
+        [TestCase(HitResult.SliderTailHit, true)]
        [TestCase(HitResult.SmallBonus, false)]
        [TestCase(HitResult.LargeBonus, false)]
        public void TestAffectsAccuracy(HitResult hitResult, bool expectedReturnValue)
@@ -227,6 +232,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Rulesets.Scoring
        [TestCase(HitResult.SmallTickHit, false)]
        [TestCase(HitResult.LargeTickMiss, false)]
        [TestCase(HitResult.LargeTickHit, false)]
+        [TestCase(HitResult.SliderTailHit, false)]
        [TestCase(HitResult.SmallBonus, true)]
        [TestCase(HitResult.LargeBonus, true)]
        public void TestIsBonus(HitResult hitResult, bool expectedReturnValue)
@@ -247,6 +253,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Rulesets.Scoring
        [TestCase(HitResult.SmallTickHit, true)]
        [TestCase(HitResult.LargeTickMiss, false)]
        [TestCase(HitResult.LargeTickHit, true)]
+        [TestCase(HitResult.SliderTailHit, true)]
        [TestCase(HitResult.SmallBonus, true)]
        [TestCase(HitResult.LargeBonus, true)]
        public void TestIsHit(HitResult hitResult, bool expectedReturnValue)
@@ -267,6 +274,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Rulesets.Scoring
        [TestCase(HitResult.SmallTickHit, true)]
        [TestCase(HitResult.LargeTickMiss, true)]
        [TestCase(HitResult.LargeTickHit, true)]
+        [TestCase(HitResult.SliderTailHit, true)]
        [TestCase(HitResult.SmallBonus, true)]
        [TestCase(HitResult.LargeBonus, true)]
        public void TestIsScorable(HitResult hitResult, bool expectedReturnValue)
@@ -114,5 +114,25 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Skins
                Assert.That(configs[0].MinimumColumnWidth, Is.EqualTo(16));
            }
        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestParseArrayWithSomeEmptyElements()
+        {
+            var decoder = new LegacyManiaSkinDecoder();
+
+            using (var resStream = TestResources.OpenResource("mania-skin-broken-array.ini"))
+            using (var stream = new LineBufferedReader(resStream))
+            {
+                var configs = decoder.Decode(stream);
+
+                Assert.That(configs.Count, Is.EqualTo(1));
+                Assert.That(configs[0].ColumnLineWidth.Length, Is.EqualTo(5));
+                Assert.That(configs[0].ColumnLineWidth[0], Is.EqualTo(3));
+                Assert.That(configs[0].ColumnLineWidth[1], Is.EqualTo(0)); // malformed entry, should be parsed as zero
+                Assert.That(configs[0].ColumnLineWidth[2], Is.EqualTo(3));
+                Assert.That(configs[0].ColumnLineWidth[3], Is.EqualTo(3));
+                Assert.That(configs[0].ColumnLineWidth[4], Is.EqualTo(3));
+            }
+        }
    }
 }
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Editing
            if (sameRuleset)
            {
                AddUntilStep("prompt for save dialog shown", () => DialogOverlay.CurrentDialog is PromptForSaveDialog);
-                AddStep("discard changes", () => ((PromptForSaveDialog)DialogOverlay.CurrentDialog).PerformOkAction());
+                AddStep("discard changes", () => ((PromptForSaveDialog)DialogOverlay.CurrentDialog)?.PerformOkAction());
            }

            // ensure editor loader didn't resume.
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ using osu.Framework.Extensions.ObjectExtensions;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Shapes;
 using osu.Framework.Testing;
+using osu.Framework.Threading;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Judgements;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Judgements;
@@ -159,5 +160,15 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Gameplay
                Type = HitResult.Perfect
            });
        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestSimulateDrain()
+        {
+            ScheduledDelegate del = null!;
+
+            AddStep("simulate drain", () => del = Scheduler.AddDelayed(() => healthProcessor.Health.Value -= 0.00025f * Time.Elapsed, 0, true));
+            AddUntilStep("wait until zero", () => healthProcessor.Health.Value == 0);
+            AddStep("cancel drain", () => del.Cancel());
+        }
    }
 }
@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Gameplay

        private readonly Bindable<bool> showHealth = new Bindable<bool>();

+        private HealthProcessor healthProcessor;
+
        [Resolved]
        private OsuConfigManager config { get; set; }

@@ -29,7 +31,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Gameplay
        {
            AddStep("create layer", () =>
            {
-                Child = new HealthProcessorContainer(healthProcessor)
+                Child = new HealthProcessorContainer(this.healthProcessor = healthProcessor)
                {
                    RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
                    Child = layer = new FailingLayer()
@@ -50,12 +52,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Gameplay
            AddSliderStep("current health", 0.0, 1.0, 1.0, val =>
            {
                if (layer != null)
-                    layer.Current.Value = val;
+                    healthProcessor.Health.Value = val;
            });

-            AddStep("set health to 0.10", () => layer.Current.Value = 0.1);
+            AddStep("set health to 0.10", () => healthProcessor.Health.Value = 0.1);
            AddUntilStep("layer fade is visible", () => layer.ChildrenOfType<Container>().First().Alpha > 0.1f);
-            AddStep("set health to 1", () => layer.Current.Value = 1f);
+            AddStep("set health to 1", () => healthProcessor.Health.Value = 1f);
            AddUntilStep("layer fade is invisible", () => !layer.ChildrenOfType<Container>().First().IsPresent);
        }

@@ -65,7 +67,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Gameplay
            create(new DrainingHealthProcessor(0));
            AddUntilStep("layer is visible", () => layer.IsPresent);
            AddStep("disable layer", () => config.SetValue(OsuSetting.FadePlayfieldWhenHealthLow, false));
-            AddStep("set health to 0.10", () => layer.Current.Value = 0.1);
+            AddStep("set health to 0.10", () => healthProcessor.Health.Value = 0.1);
            AddUntilStep("layer is not visible", () => !layer.IsPresent);
        }

@@ -74,7 +76,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Gameplay
        {
            create(new AccumulatingHealthProcessor(1));
            AddUntilStep("layer is not visible", () => !layer.IsPresent);
-            AddStep("set health to 0.10", () => layer.Current.Value = 0.1);
+            AddStep("set health to 0.10", () => healthProcessor.Health.Value = 0.1);
            AddUntilStep("layer is not visible", () => !layer.IsPresent);
        }

@@ -82,7 +84,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Gameplay
        public void TestLayerVisibilityWithDrainingProcessor()
        {
            create(new DrainingHealthProcessor(0));
-            AddStep("set health to 0.10", () => layer.Current.Value = 0.1);
+            AddStep("set health to 0.10", () => healthProcessor.Health.Value = 0.1);
            AddWaitStep("wait for potential fade", 10);
            AddAssert("layer is still visible", () => layer.IsPresent);
        }
@@ -92,7 +94,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Gameplay
        {
            create(new DrainingHealthProcessor(0));

-            AddStep("set health to 0.10", () => layer.Current.Value = 0.1);
+            AddStep("set health to 0.10", () => healthProcessor.Health.Value = 0.1);

            AddStep("don't show health", () => showHealth.Value = false);
            AddStep("disable FadePlayfieldWhenHealthLow", () => config.SetValue(OsuSetting.FadePlayfieldWhenHealthLow, false));
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Gameplay
        [Cached(typeof(HealthProcessor))]
        private HealthProcessor healthProcessor = new DrainingHealthProcessor(0);

-        protected override Drawable CreateArgonImplementation() => new ArgonHealthDisplay { Scale = new Vector2(0.6f), Width = 1f };
+        protected override Drawable CreateArgonImplementation() => new ArgonHealthDisplay { Scale = new Vector2(0.6f), Width = 600, UseRelativeSize = { Value = false } };
        protected override Drawable CreateDefaultImplementation() => new DefaultHealthDisplay { Scale = new Vector2(0.6f) };
        protected override Drawable CreateLegacyImplementation() => new LegacyHealthDisplay { Scale = new Vector2(0.6f) };

@@ -35,6 +35,13 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Gameplay
            });
        }

+        protected override void Update()
+        {
+            base.Update();
+
+            healthProcessor.Health.Value -= 0.0001f * Time.Elapsed;
+        }
+
        [Test]
        public void TestHealthDisplayIncrementing()
        {
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using System.Linq;
+using NUnit.Framework;
+using osu.Framework.Testing;
+using osu.Game.Input.Bindings;
+using osu.Game.Screens.Menu;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Menus
+{
+    public partial class TestSceneIntroMusicActionHandling : OsuGameTestScene
+    {
+        private GlobalActionContainer globalActionContainer => Game.ChildrenOfType<GlobalActionContainer>().First();
+
+        public override void SetUpSteps()
+        {
+            CreateNewGame();
+            // we do not want to progress to main menu immediately, hence the override and lack of `ConfirmAtMainMenu()` call here.
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestPauseDuringIntro()
+        {
+            AddUntilStep("Wait for music", () => Game?.MusicController.IsPlaying == true);
+
+            // Check that pause doesn't work during intro sequence.
+            AddStep("Toggle playback", () => globalActionContainer.TriggerPressed(GlobalAction.MusicPlay));
+            AddAssert("Still playing before menu", () => Game?.MusicController.IsPlaying == true);
+            AddUntilStep("Wait for main menu", () => Game?.ScreenStack.CurrentScreen is MainMenu menu && menu.IsLoaded);
+
+            // Check that toggling after intro still works.
+            AddStep("Toggle playback", () => globalActionContainer.TriggerPressed(GlobalAction.MusicPlay));
+            AddUntilStep("Music paused", () => Game?.MusicController.IsPlaying == false && Game?.MusicController.UserPauseRequested == true);
+            AddStep("Toggle playback", () => globalActionContainer.TriggerPressed(GlobalAction.MusicPlay));
+            AddUntilStep("Music resumed", () => Game?.MusicController.IsPlaying == true && Game?.MusicController.UserPauseRequested == false);
+        }
+    }
+}
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ using osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Mods;
+using osu.Game.Scoring;
 using osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Components;
 using osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Lounge;
 using osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Lounge.Components;
@@ -690,6 +691,13 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Multiplayer
            }

            AddUntilStep("wait for results", () => multiplayerComponents.CurrentScreen is ResultsScreen);
+
+            AddAssert("check is fail", () =>
+            {
+                var scoreInfo = ((ResultsScreen)multiplayerComponents.CurrentScreen).Score;
+
+                return !scoreInfo.Passed && scoreInfo.Rank == ScoreRank.F;
+            });
        }

        [Test]
@@ -799,11 +799,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Navigation
                });
            });

-            AddStep("attempt exit", () =>
-            {
-                for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i)
-                    Game.ScreenStack.CurrentScreen.Exit();
-            });
+            AddRepeatStep("attempt force exit", () => Game.ScreenStack.CurrentScreen.Exit(), 2);
            AddUntilStep("stopped at exit confirm", () => Game.ChildrenOfType<DialogOverlay>().Single().CurrentDialog is ConfirmExitDialog);
        }

@@ -942,6 +938,35 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Navigation
            AddUntilStep("touch device mod still active", () => Game.SelectedMods.Value, () => Has.One.InstanceOf<ModTouchDevice>());
        }

+        [Test]
+        public void TestExitSongSelectAndImmediatelyClickLogo()
+        {
+            Screens.Select.SongSelect songSelect = null;
+            PushAndConfirm(() => songSelect = new TestPlaySongSelect());
+            AddUntilStep("wait for song select", () => songSelect.BeatmapSetsLoaded);
+
+            AddStep("import beatmap", () => BeatmapImportHelper.LoadQuickOszIntoOsu(Game).WaitSafely());
+
+            AddUntilStep("wait for selected", () => !Game.Beatmap.IsDefault);
+
+            AddStep("press escape and then click logo immediately", () =>
+            {
+                InputManager.Key(Key.Escape);
+                clickLogoWhenNotCurrent();
+            });
+
+            void clickLogoWhenNotCurrent()
+            {
+                if (songSelect.IsCurrentScreen())
+                    Scheduler.AddOnce(clickLogoWhenNotCurrent);
+                else
+                {
+                    InputManager.MoveMouseTo(Game.ChildrenOfType<OsuLogo>().Single());
+                    InputManager.Click(MouseButton.Left);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
        private Func<Player> playToResults()
        {
            var player = playToCompletion();
@@ -368,7 +368,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Online
            {
                var cardContainer = this.ChildrenOfType<ReverseChildIDFillFlowContainer<BeatmapCard>>().Single().Parent;
                var expandedContent = this.ChildrenOfType<ExpandedContentScrollContainer>().Single();
-                return expandedContent.ScreenSpaceDrawQuad.GetVertices().ToArray().All(v => cardContainer.ScreenSpaceDrawQuad.Contains(v));
+                return expandedContent.ScreenSpaceDrawQuad.GetVertices().ToArray().All(v => cardContainer!.ScreenSpaceDrawQuad.Contains(v));
            });
        }

@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Online
        [Cached]
        private readonly Bindable<APIWikiPage> wikiPageData = new Bindable<APIWikiPage>(new APIWikiPage
        {
-            Title = "Main Page",
-            Path = "Main_Page",
+            Title = "Main page",
+            Path = WikiOverlay.INDEX_PATH,
        });

        private TestHeader header;
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Online
            };
        }

-        // From https://osu.ppy.sh/api/v2/wiki/en/Main_Page
+        // From https://osu.ppy.sh/api/v2/wiki/en/Main_page
        private const string main_page_markdown =
            "---\nlayout: main_page\n---\n\n<!-- Do not add any empty lines inside this div. -->\n\n<div class=\"wiki-main-page__blurb\">\nWelcome to the osu! wiki, a project containing a wide range of osu! related information.\n</div>\n\n<div class=\"wiki-main-page__panels\">\n<div class=\"wiki-main-page-panel wiki-main-page-panel--full\">\n\n# Getting started\n\n[Welcome](/wiki/Welcome) • [Installation](/wiki/Installation) • [Registration](/wiki/Registration) • [Help Centre](/wiki/Help_Centre) • [FAQ](/wiki/FAQ)\n\n</div>\n<div class=\"wiki-main-page-panel\">\n\n# Game client\n\n[Interface](/wiki/Interface) • [Options](/wiki/Options) • [Visual settings](/wiki/Visual_Settings) • [Shortcut key reference](/wiki/Shortcut_key_reference) • [Configuration file](/wiki/osu!_Program_Files/User_Configuration_File) • [Program files](/wiki/osu!_Program_Files)\n\n[File formats](/wiki/osu!_File_Formats): [.osz](/wiki/osu!_File_Formats/Osz_(file_format)) • [.osk](/wiki/osu!_File_Formats/Osk_(file_format)) • [.osr](/wiki/osu!_File_Formats/Osr_(file_format)) • [.osu](/wiki/osu!_File_Formats/Osu_(file_format)) • [.osb](/wiki/osu!_File_Formats/Osb_(file_format)) • [.db](/wiki/osu!_File_Formats/Db_(file_format))\n\n</div>\n<div class=\"wiki-main-page-panel\">\n\n# Gameplay\n\n[Game modes](/wiki/Game_mode): [osu!](/wiki/Game_mode/osu!) • [osu!taiko](/wiki/Game_mode/osu!taiko) • [osu!catch](/wiki/Game_mode/osu!catch) • [osu!mania](/wiki/Game_mode/osu!mania)\n\n[Beatmap](/wiki/Beatmap) • [Hit object](/wiki/Hit_object) • [Mods](/wiki/Game_modifier) • [Score](/wiki/Score) • [Replay](/wiki/Replay) • [Multi](/wiki/Multi)\n\n</div>\n<div class=\"wiki-main-page-panel\">\n\n# [Beatmap editor](/wiki/Beatmap_Editor)\n\nSections: [Compose](/wiki/Beatmap_Editor/Compose) • [Design](/wiki/Beatmap_Editor/Design) • [Timing](/wiki/Beatmap_Editor/Timing) • [Song setup](/wiki/Beatmap_Editor/Song_Setup)\n\nComponents: [AiMod](/wiki/Beatmap_Editor/AiMod) • [Beat snap divisor](/wiki/Beatmap_Editor/Beat_Snap_Divisor) • [Distance snap](/wiki/Beatmap_Editor/Distance_Snap) • [Menu](/wiki/Beatmap_Editor/Menu) • [SB load](/wiki/Beatmap_Editor/SB_Load) • [Timelines](/wiki/Beatmap_Editor/Timelines)\n\n[Beatmapping](/wiki/Beatmapping) • [Difficulty](/wiki/Beatmap/Difficulty) • [Mapping techniques](/wiki/Mapping_Techniques) • [Storyboarding](/wiki/Storyboarding)\n\n</div>\n<div class=\"wiki-main-page-panel\">\n\n# Beatmap submission and ranking\n\n[Submission](/wiki/Submission) • [Modding](/wiki/Modding) • [Ranking procedure](/wiki/Beatmap_ranking_procedure) • [Mappers' Guild](/wiki/Mappers_Guild) • [Project Loved](/wiki/Project_Loved)\n\n[Ranking criteria](/wiki/Ranking_Criteria): [osu!](/wiki/Ranking_Criteria/osu!) • [osu!taiko](/wiki/Ranking_Criteria/osu!taiko) • [osu!catch](/wiki/Ranking_Criteria/osu!catch) • [osu!mania](/wiki/Ranking_Criteria/osu!mania)\n\n</div>\n<div class=\"wiki-main-page-panel\">\n\n# Community\n\n[Tournaments](/wiki/Tournaments) • [Skinning](/wiki/Skinning) • [Projects](/wiki/Projects) • [Guides](/wiki/Guides) • [osu!dev Discord server](/wiki/osu!dev_Discord_server) • [How you can help](/wiki/How_You_Can_Help!) • [Glossary](/wiki/Glossary)\n\n</div>\n<div class=\"wiki-main-page-panel\">\n\n# People\n\n[The Team](/wiki/People/The_Team): [Developers](/wiki/People/The_Team/Developers) • [Global Moderation Team](/wiki/People/The_Team/Global_Moderation_Team) • [Support Team](/wiki/People/The_Team/Support_Team) • [Nomination Assessment Team](/wiki/People/The_Team/Nomination_Assessment_Team) • [Beatmap Nominators](/wiki/People/The_Team/Beatmap_Nominators) • [osu! Alumni](/wiki/People/The_Team/osu!_Alumni) • [Project Loved Team](/wiki/People/The_Team/Project_Loved_Team)\n\nOrganisations: [osu! UCI](/wiki/Organisations/osu!_UCI)\n\n[Community Contributors](/wiki/People/Community_Contributors) • [Users with unique titles](/wiki/People/Users_with_unique_titles)\n\n</div>\n<div class=\"wiki-main-page-panel\">\n\n# For developers\n\n[API](/wiki/osu!api) • [Bot account](/wiki/Bot_account) • [Brand identity guidelines](/wiki/Brand_identity_guidelines)\n\n</div>\n<div class=\"wiki-main-page-panel\">\n\n# About the wiki\n\n[Sitemap](/wiki/Sitemap) • [Contribution guide](/wiki/osu!_wiki_Contribution_Guide) • [Article styling criteria](/wiki/Article_Styling_Criteria) • [News styling criteria](/wiki/News_Styling_Criteria)\n\n</div>\n</div>\n";
    }
@@ -69,8 +69,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Online
        {
            AddStep("set current path", () => markdownContainer.CurrentPath = $"{API.WebsiteRootUrl}/wiki/Article_styling_criteria/");

-            AddStep("set '/wiki/Main_Page''", () => markdownContainer.Text = "[wiki main page](/wiki/Main_Page)");
-            AddAssert("check url", () => markdownContainer.Link.Url == $"{API.WebsiteRootUrl}/wiki/Main_Page");
+            AddStep("set '/wiki/Main_page''", () => markdownContainer.Text = "[wiki main page](/wiki/Main_page)");
+            AddAssert("check url", () => markdownContainer.Link.Url == $"{API.WebsiteRootUrl}/wiki/Main_page");

            AddStep("set '../FAQ''", () => markdownContainer.Text = "[FAQ](../FAQ)");
            AddAssert("check url", () => markdownContainer.Link.Url == $"{API.WebsiteRootUrl}/wiki/FAQ");
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ Phasellus eu nunc nec ligula semper fringilla. Aliquam magna neque, placerat sed
            AddStep("set content", () =>
            {
                markdownContainer.Text = @"
-This is a paragraph containing `inline code` synatax.
+This is a paragraph containing `inline code` syntax.
 Oh wow I do love the `WikiMarkdownContainer`, it is very cool!

 This is a line before the fenced code block:
@@ -107,12 +107,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Online
                };
            });

-        // From https://osu.ppy.sh/api/v2/wiki/en/Main_Page
+        // From https://osu.ppy.sh/api/v2/wiki/en/Main_page
        private APIWikiPage responseMainPage => new APIWikiPage
        {
-            Title = "Main Page",
-            Layout = "main_page",
-            Path = "Main_Page",
+            Title = "Main page",
+            Layout = WikiOverlay.INDEX_PATH.ToLowerInvariant(), // custom classes are always lower snake.
+            Path = WikiOverlay.INDEX_PATH,
            Locale = "en",
            Subtitle = null,
            Markdown =
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ using osu.Game.Graphics.Sprites;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Mods;
 using osu.Game.Screens.Select;
+using osu.Game.Utils;

 namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.UserInterface
 {
@@ -74,7 +75,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.UserInterface
        private bool assertModsMultiplier(IEnumerable<Mod> mods)
        {
            double multiplier = mods.Aggregate(1.0, (current, mod) => current * mod.ScoreMultiplier);
-            string expectedValue = multiplier.Equals(1.0) ? string.Empty : $"{multiplier:N2}x";
+            string expectedValue = multiplier == 1 ? string.Empty : ModUtils.FormatScoreMultiplier(multiplier).ToString();

            return expectedValue == footerButtonMods.MultiplierText.Current.Value;
        }
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Logging;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
 using osu.Game.Database;
+using osu.Game.Extensions;
 using osu.Game.Online.API;
 using osu.Game.Overlays;
 using osu.Game.Overlays.Notifications;
@@ -28,6 +29,8 @@ namespace osu.Game
    /// </summary>
    public partial class BackgroundDataStoreProcessor : Component
    {
+        protected Task ProcessingTask { get; private set; } = null!;
+
        [Resolved]
        private RulesetStore rulesetStore { get; set; } = null!;

@@ -61,7 +64,7 @@ namespace osu.Game
        {
            base.LoadComplete();

-            Task.Factory.StartNew(() =>
+            ProcessingTask = Task.Factory.StartNew(() =>
            {
                Logger.Log("Beginning background data store processing..");

@@ -314,10 +317,17 @@ namespace osu.Game
        {
            Logger.Log("Querying for scores that need total score conversion...");

-            HashSet<Guid> scoreIds = realmAccess.Run(r => new HashSet<Guid>(r.All<ScoreInfo>()
-                                                                             .Where(s => !s.BackgroundReprocessingFailed && s.BeatmapInfo != null
-                                                                                                                         && s.TotalScoreVersion < LegacyScoreEncoder.LATEST_VERSION)
-                                                                             .AsEnumerable().Select(s => s.ID)));
+            HashSet<Guid> scoreIds = realmAccess.Run(r => new HashSet<Guid>(
+                r.All<ScoreInfo>()
+                 .Where(s => !s.BackgroundReprocessingFailed
+                             && s.BeatmapInfo != null
+                             && s.IsLegacyScore
+                             && s.TotalScoreVersion < LegacyScoreEncoder.LATEST_VERSION)
+                 .AsEnumerable()
+                 // must be done after materialisation, as realm doesn't want to support
+                 // nested property predicates
+                 .Where(s => s.Ruleset.IsLegacyRuleset())
+                 .Select(s => s.ID)));

            Logger.Log($"Found {scoreIds.Count} scores which require total score conversion.");

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ using osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring;
 using osu.Game.Screens.Select;
 using osu.Game.Screens.Select.Filter;
 using osu.Game.Skinning;
+using osu.Game.Users;

 namespace osu.Game.Configuration
 {
@@ -193,6 +194,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Configuration
            SetDefault(OsuSetting.LastProcessedMetadataId, -1);

            SetDefault(OsuSetting.ComboColourNormalisationAmount, 0.2f, 0f, 1f, 0.01f);
+            SetDefault<UserStatus?>(OsuSetting.UserOnlineStatus, null);
        }

        protected override bool CheckLookupContainsPrivateInformation(OsuSetting lookup)
@@ -420,5 +422,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Configuration
        EditorShowSpeedChanges,
        TouchDisableGameplayTaps,
        ModSelectTextSearchStartsActive,
+        UserOnlineStatus,
    }
 }
@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.

 using System;
+using System.Diagnostics;
 using System.IO;
-using System.Linq;
 using osu.Framework.Extensions;
 using osu.Framework.IO.Stores;
 using osu.Framework.Logging;
@@ -98,15 +98,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Database
            // can potentially be run asynchronously, although we will need to consider operation order for disk deletion vs realm removal.
            realm.Write(r =>
            {
-                // TODO: consider using a realm native query to avoid iterating all files (https://github.com/realm/realm-dotnet/issues/2659#issuecomment-927823707)
-                var files = r.All<RealmFile>().ToList();
-
-                foreach (var file in files)
+                foreach (var file in r.All<RealmFile>().Filter(@$"{nameof(RealmFile.Usages)}.@count = 0"))
                {
                    totalFiles++;

-                    if (file.BacklinksCount > 0)
-                        continue;
+                    Debug.Assert(file.BacklinksCount == 0);

                    try
                    {
@@ -311,13 +311,22 @@ namespace osu.Game.Database
            long maximumLegacyBonusScore = attributes.BonusScore;

            double legacyAccScore = maximumLegacyAccuracyScore * score.Accuracy;
-            // We can not separate the ComboScore from the BonusScore, so we keep the bonus in the ratio.
-            // Note that `maximumLegacyComboScore + maximumLegacyBonusScore` can actually be 0
-            // when playing a beatmap with no bonus objects, with mods that have a 0.0x multiplier on stable (relax/autopilot).
-            // In such cases, just assume 0.
-            double comboProportion = maximumLegacyComboScore + maximumLegacyBonusScore > 0
-                ? ((double)score.LegacyTotalScore - legacyAccScore) / (maximumLegacyComboScore + maximumLegacyBonusScore)
-                : 0;
+
+            double comboProportion;
+
+            if (maximumLegacyComboScore + maximumLegacyBonusScore > 0)
+            {
+                // We can not separate the ComboScore from the BonusScore, so we keep the bonus in the ratio.
+                comboProportion = Math.Max((double)score.LegacyTotalScore - legacyAccScore, 0) / (maximumLegacyComboScore + maximumLegacyBonusScore);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                // Two possible causes:
+                // the beatmap has no bonus objects *AND*
+                // either the active mods have a zero mod multiplier, in which case assume 0,
+                // or the *beatmap* has a zero `difficultyPeppyStars` (or just no combo-giving objects), in which case assume 1.
+                comboProportion = legacyModMultiplier == 0 ? 0 : 1;
+            }

            // We assume the bonus proportion only makes up the rest of the score that exceeds maximumLegacyBaseScore.
            long maximumLegacyBaseScore = maximumLegacyAccuracyScore + maximumLegacyComboScore;
@@ -437,16 +446,42 @@ namespace osu.Game.Database
                    break;

                case 2:
+                    // compare logic in `CatchScoreProcessor`.
+
+                    // this could technically be slightly incorrect in the case of stable scores.
+                    // because large droplet misses are counted as full misses in stable scores,
+                    // `score.MaximumStatistics.GetValueOrDefault(Great)` will be equal to the count of fruits *and* large droplets
+                    // rather than just fruits (which was the intent).
+                    // this is not fixable without introducing an extra legacy score attribute dedicated for catch,
+                    // and this is a ballpark conversion process anyway, so attempt to trudge on.
+                    int fruitTinyScaleDivisor = score.MaximumStatistics.GetValueOrDefault(HitResult.SmallTickHit) + score.MaximumStatistics.GetValueOrDefault(HitResult.Great);
+                    double fruitTinyScale = fruitTinyScaleDivisor == 0
+                        ? 0
+                        : (double)score.MaximumStatistics.GetValueOrDefault(HitResult.SmallTickHit) / fruitTinyScaleDivisor;
+
+                    const int max_tiny_droplets_portion = 400000;
+
+                    double comboPortion = 1000000 - max_tiny_droplets_portion + max_tiny_droplets_portion * (1 - fruitTinyScale);
+                    double dropletsPortion = max_tiny_droplets_portion * fruitTinyScale;
+                    double dropletsHit = score.MaximumStatistics.GetValueOrDefault(HitResult.SmallTickHit) == 0
+                        ? 0
+                        : (double)score.Statistics.GetValueOrDefault(HitResult.SmallTickHit) / score.MaximumStatistics.GetValueOrDefault(HitResult.SmallTickHit);
+
                    convertedTotalScore = (long)Math.Round((
-                        600000 * comboProportion
-                        + 400000 * score.Accuracy
+                        comboPortion * estimateComboProportionForCatch(attributes.MaxCombo, score.MaxCombo, score.Statistics.GetValueOrDefault(HitResult.Miss))
+                        + dropletsPortion * dropletsHit
                        + bonusProportion) * modMultiplier);
                    break;

                case 3:
+                    // in the mania case accuracy actually changes between score V1 and score V2 / standardised
+                    // (PERFECT weighting changes from 300 to 305),
+                    // so for better accuracy recompute accuracy locally based on hit statistics and use that instead,
+                    double scoreV2Accuracy = ComputeAccuracy(score);
+
                    convertedTotalScore = (long)Math.Round((
                        850000 * comboProportion
-                        + 150000 * Math.Pow(score.Accuracy, 2 + 2 * score.Accuracy)
+                        + 150000 * Math.Pow(scoreV2Accuracy, 2 + 2 * scoreV2Accuracy)
                        + bonusProportion) * modMultiplier);
                    break;

@@ -461,6 +496,94 @@ namespace osu.Game.Database
            return convertedTotalScore;
        }

+        /// <summary>
+        /// <para>
+        /// For catch, the general method of calculating the combo proportion used for other rulesets is generally useless.
+        /// This is because in stable score V1, catch has quadratic score progression,
+        /// while in stable score V2, score progression is logarithmic up to 200 combo and then linear.
+        /// </para>
+        /// <para>
+        /// This means that applying the naive rescale method to scores with lots of short combos (think 10x 100-long combos on a 1000-object map)
+        /// by linearly rescaling the combo portion as given by score V1 leads to horribly underestimating it.
+        /// Therefore this method attempts to counteract this by calculating the best case estimate for the combo proportion that takes all of the above into account.
+        /// </para>
+        /// <para>
+        /// The general idea is that aside from the <paramref name="scoreMaxCombo"/> which the player is known to have hit,
+        /// the remaining misses are evenly distributed across the rest of the objects that give combo.
+        /// This is therefore a worst-case estimate.
+        /// </para>
+        /// </summary>
+        private static double estimateComboProportionForCatch(int beatmapMaxCombo, int scoreMaxCombo, int scoreMissCount)
+        {
+            if (beatmapMaxCombo == 0)
+                return 1;
+
+            if (scoreMaxCombo == 0)
+                return 0;
+
+            if (beatmapMaxCombo == scoreMaxCombo)
+                return 1;
+
+            double estimatedBestCaseTotal = estimateBestCaseComboTotal(beatmapMaxCombo);
+
+            int remainingCombo = beatmapMaxCombo - (scoreMaxCombo + scoreMissCount);
+            double totalDroppedScore = 0;
+
+            int assumedLengthOfRemainingCombos = (int)Math.Floor((double)remainingCombo / scoreMissCount);
+
+            if (assumedLengthOfRemainingCombos > 0)
+            {
+                int assumedCombosCount = (int)Math.Floor((double)remainingCombo / assumedLengthOfRemainingCombos);
+                totalDroppedScore += assumedCombosCount * estimateDroppedComboScoreAfterMiss(assumedLengthOfRemainingCombos);
+
+                remainingCombo -= assumedCombosCount * assumedLengthOfRemainingCombos;
+
+                if (remainingCombo > 0)
+                    totalDroppedScore += estimateDroppedComboScoreAfterMiss(remainingCombo);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                // there are so many misses that attempting to evenly divide remaining combo results in 0 length per combo,
+                // i.e. all remaining judgements are combo breaks.
+                // in that case, presume every single remaining object is a miss and did not give any combo score.
+                totalDroppedScore = estimatedBestCaseTotal - estimateBestCaseComboTotal(scoreMaxCombo);
+            }
+
+            return estimatedBestCaseTotal == 0
+                ? 1
+                : 1 - Math.Clamp(totalDroppedScore / estimatedBestCaseTotal, 0, 1);
+
+            double estimateBestCaseComboTotal(int maxCombo)
+            {
+                if (maxCombo == 0)
+                    return 1;
+
+                double estimatedTotal = 0.5 * Math.Min(maxCombo, 2);
+
+                if (maxCombo <= 2)
+                    return estimatedTotal;
+
+                // int_2^x log_4(t) dt
+                estimatedTotal += (Math.Min(maxCombo, 200) * (Math.Log(Math.Min(maxCombo, 200)) - 1) + 2 - Math.Log(4)) / Math.Log(4);
+
+                if (maxCombo <= 200)
+                    return estimatedTotal;
+
+                estimatedTotal += (maxCombo - 200) * Math.Log(200) / Math.Log(4);
+                return estimatedTotal;
+            }
+
+            double estimateDroppedComboScoreAfterMiss(int lengthOfComboAfterMiss)
+            {
+                if (lengthOfComboAfterMiss >= 200)
+                    lengthOfComboAfterMiss = 200;
+
+                // int_0^x (log_4(200) - log_4(t)) dt
+                // note that this is an pessimistic estimate, i.e. it may subtract too much if the miss happened before reaching 200 combo
+                return lengthOfComboAfterMiss * (1 + Math.Log(200) - Math.Log(lengthOfComboAfterMiss)) / Math.Log(4);
+            }
+        }
+
        public static double ComputeAccuracy(ScoreInfo scoreInfo)
        {
            Ruleset ruleset = scoreInfo.Ruleset.CreateInstance();
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.

+using System.Linq;
 using osu.Game.IO;
 using Realms;

@@ -11,5 +12,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Models
    {
        [PrimaryKey]
        public string Hash { get; set; } = string.Empty;
+
+        [Backlink(nameof(RealmNamedFileUsage.File))]
+        public IQueryable<RealmNamedFileUsage> Usages { get; } = null!;
    }
 }
@@ -62,6 +62,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Online.API

        private Bindable<UserActivity> activity { get; } = new Bindable<UserActivity>();

+        private Bindable<UserStatus?> configStatus { get; } = new Bindable<UserStatus?>();
+        private Bindable<UserStatus?> localUserStatus { get; } = new Bindable<UserStatus?>();
+
        protected bool HasLogin => authentication.Token.Value != null || (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(ProvidedUsername) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(password));

        private readonly CancellationTokenSource cancellationToken = new CancellationTokenSource();
@@ -85,12 +88,20 @@ namespace osu.Game.Online.API
            authentication.TokenString = config.Get<string>(OsuSetting.Token);
            authentication.Token.ValueChanged += onTokenChanged;

+            config.BindWith(OsuSetting.UserOnlineStatus, configStatus);
+
            localUser.BindValueChanged(u =>
            {
                u.OldValue?.Activity.UnbindFrom(activity);
                u.NewValue.Activity.BindTo(activity);
+
+                if (u.OldValue != null)
+                    localUserStatus.UnbindFrom(u.OldValue.Status);
+                localUserStatus.BindTo(u.NewValue.Status);
            }, true);

+            localUserStatus.BindValueChanged(val => configStatus.Value = val.NewValue);
+
            var thread = new Thread(run)
            {
                Name = "APIAccess",
@@ -200,6 +211,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Online.API
                setLocalUser(new APIUser
                {
                    Username = ProvidedUsername,
+                    Status = { Value = configStatus.Value ?? UserStatus.Online }
                });
            }

@@ -246,8 +258,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Online.API
            };
            userReq.Success += user =>
            {
-                // todo: save/pull from settings
-                user.Status.Value = UserStatus.Online;
+                user.Status.Value = configStatus.Value ?? UserStatus.Online;

                setLocalUser(user);

@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Online.Chat
            string command = parameters[0];
            string content = parameters.Length == 2 ? parameters[1] : string.Empty;

-            switch (command)
+            switch (command.ToLowerInvariant())
            {
                case "np":
                    AddInternal(new NowPlayingCommand(target));
@@ -152,6 +152,15 @@ namespace osu.Game.Online.Leaderboards
        /// </summary>
        public void RefetchScores() => Scheduler.AddOnce(refetchScores);

+        /// <summary>
+        /// Clear all scores from the display.
+        /// </summary>
+        public void ClearScores()
+        {
+            cancelPendingWork();
+            SetScores(null);
+        }
+
        /// <summary>
        /// Call when a retrieval or display failure happened to show a relevant message to the user.
        /// </summary>
@@ -220,9 +229,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Online.Leaderboards
        {
            Debug.Assert(ThreadSafety.IsUpdateThread);

-            cancelPendingWork();
-
-            SetScores(null);
+            ClearScores();
            setState(LeaderboardState.Retrieving);

            currentFetchCancellationSource = new CancellationTokenSource();
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Online.Metadata
        public override IBindable<bool> IsWatchingUserPresence => isWatchingUserPresence;
        private readonly BindableBool isWatchingUserPresence = new BindableBool();

-        // ReSharper disable once InconsistentlySynchronizedField
        public override IBindableDictionary<int, UserPresence> UserStates => userStates;
        private readonly BindableDictionary<int, UserPresence> userStates = new BindableDictionary<int, UserPresence>();

@@ -192,7 +191,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Online.Metadata
        {
            Schedule(() =>
            {
-                if (presence != null)
+                if (presence?.Status != null)
                    userStates[userId] = presence.Value;
                else
                    userStates.Remove(userId);
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.Dialog
        private readonly Vector2 ringMinifiedSize = new Vector2(20f);

        private readonly Box flashLayer;
-        private Sample flashSample = null!;
+        private Sample? flashSample;

        private readonly Container content;
        private readonly Container ring;
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.Dialog
            flashLayer.FadeInFromZero(80, Easing.OutQuint)
                      .Then()
                      .FadeOutFromOne(1500, Easing.OutQuint);
-            flashSample.Play();
+            flashSample?.Play();
        }

        protected override bool OnKeyDown(KeyDownEvent e)
@@ -143,6 +143,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.Login
                    panel.Status.BindTo(api.LocalUser.Value.Status);
                    panel.Activity.BindTo(api.LocalUser.Value.Activity);

+                    panel.Status.BindValueChanged(_ => updateDropdownCurrent(), true);
+
                    dropdown.Current.BindValueChanged(action =>
                    {
                        switch (action.NewValue)
@@ -174,6 +176,24 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.Login
                ScheduleAfterChildren(() => GetContainingInputManager()?.ChangeFocus(form));
        });

+        private void updateDropdownCurrent()
+        {
+            switch (panel.Status.Value)
+            {
+                case UserStatus.Online:
+                    dropdown.Current.Value = UserAction.Online;
+                    break;
+
+                case UserStatus.DoNotDisturb:
+                    dropdown.Current.Value = UserAction.DoNotDisturb;
+                    break;
+
+                case UserStatus.Offline:
+                    dropdown.Current.Value = UserAction.AppearOffline;
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+
        public override bool AcceptsFocus => true;

        protected override bool OnClick(ClickEvent e) => true;
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 using System;
 using osu.Framework.Allocation;
 using osu.Framework.Bindables;
-using osu.Framework.Extensions.LocalisationExtensions;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Shapes;
@@ -15,6 +14,7 @@ using osu.Game.Graphics.Sprites;
 using osu.Game.Graphics.UserInterface;
 using osu.Game.Localisation;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods;
+using osu.Game.Utils;
 using osuTK;

 namespace osu.Game.Overlays.Mods
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.Mods
        {
            protected override double RollingDuration => 500;

-            protected override LocalisableString FormatCount(double count) => count.ToLocalisableString(@"0.00x");
+            protected override LocalisableString FormatCount(double count) => ModUtils.FormatScoreMultiplier(count);

            protected override OsuSpriteText CreateSpriteText() => new OsuSpriteText
            {
@@ -140,7 +140,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.Settings.Sections.Input
            /// <param name="fullState">A <see cref="KeyCombination"/> generated from the full input state.</param>
            /// <param name="triggerKey">The key which triggered this update, and should be used as the binding.</param>
            public void UpdateKeyCombination(KeyCombination fullState, InputKey triggerKey) =>
-                UpdateKeyCombination(new KeyCombination(fullState.Keys.Where(KeyCombination.IsModifierKey).Append(triggerKey)));
+                // TODO: Distinct() can be removed after https://github.com/ppy/osu-framework/pull/6130 is merged.
+                UpdateKeyCombination(new KeyCombination(fullState.Keys.Where(KeyCombination.IsModifierKey).Append(triggerKey).Distinct().ToArray()));

            public void UpdateKeyCombination(KeyCombination newCombination)
            {
@@ -151,9 +151,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays
            base.Update();

            if (!headerTextVisibilityCache.IsValid)
+            {
                // These toolbox grouped may be contracted to only show icons.
                // For now, let's hide the header to avoid text truncation weirdness in such cases.
                headerText.FadeTo(headerText.DrawWidth < DrawWidth ? 1 : 0, 150, Easing.OutQuint);
+                headerTextVisibilityCache.Validate();
+            }
        }

        protected override bool OnInvalidate(Invalidation invalidation, InvalidationSource source)
@@ -17,8 +17,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.Wiki
 {
    public partial class WikiHeader : BreadcrumbControlOverlayHeader
    {
-        private const string index_path = "Main_Page";
-
        public static LocalisableString IndexPageString => LayoutStrings.HeaderHelpIndex;

        public readonly Bindable<APIWikiPage> WikiPageData = new Bindable<APIWikiPage>();
@@ -45,7 +43,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.Wiki

            TabControl.AddItem(IndexPageString);

-            if (e.NewValue.Path == index_path)
+            if (e.NewValue.Path == WikiOverlay.INDEX_PATH)
            {
                Current.Value = IndexPageString;
                return;
@@ -19,11 +19,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays
 {
    public partial class WikiOverlay : OnlineOverlay<WikiHeader>
    {
-        private const string index_path = @"main_page";
+        public const string INDEX_PATH = @"Main_page";

        public string CurrentPath => path.Value;

-        private readonly Bindable<string> path = new Bindable<string>(index_path);
+        private readonly Bindable<string> path = new Bindable<string>(INDEX_PATH);

        private readonly Bindable<APIWikiPage> wikiData = new Bindable<APIWikiPage>();

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays
        {
        }

-        public void ShowPage(string pagePath = index_path)
+        public void ShowPage(string pagePath = INDEX_PATH)
        {
            path.Value = pagePath.Trim('/');
            Show();
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays
            wikiData.Value = response;
            path.Value = response.Path;

-            if (response.Layout == index_path)
+            if (response.Layout.Equals(INDEX_PATH, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
            {
                LoadDisplay(new WikiMainPage
                {
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays
            path.Value = "error";

            LoadDisplay(articlePage = new WikiArticlePage($@"{api.WebsiteRootUrl}/wiki/",
-                $"Something went wrong when trying to fetch page \"{originalPath}\".\n\n[Return to the main page](Main_Page)."));
+                $"Something went wrong when trying to fetch page \"{originalPath}\".\n\n[Return to the main page]({INDEX_PATH})."));
        }

        private void showParentPage()
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.

+using System;
 using System.Linq;
 using osu.Framework.Allocation;
 using osu.Framework.Extensions.ObjectExtensions;
@@ -26,6 +27,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Edit
        [Resolved]
        private EditorBeatmap beatmap { get; set; } = null!;

+        [Resolved]
+        private EditorClock editorClock { get; set; } = null!;
+
        public DrawableEditorRulesetWrapper(DrawableRuleset<TObject> drawableRuleset)
        {
            this.drawableRuleset = drawableRuleset;
@@ -38,7 +42,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Edit
        [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
        private void load()
        {
-            drawableRuleset.FrameStablePlayback = false;
            Playfield.DisplayJudgements.Value = false;
        }

@@ -65,6 +68,22 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Edit
            Scheduler.AddOnce(regenerateAutoplay);
        }

+        protected override void Update()
+        {
+            base.Update();
+
+            // Whenever possible, we want to stay in frame stability playback.
+            // Without doing so, we run into bugs with some gameplay elements not behaving as expected.
+            //
+            // Note that this is not using EditorClock.IsSeeking as that would exit frame stability
+            // on all seeks. The intention here is to retain frame stability for small seeks.
+            //
+            // I still think no gameplay elements should require frame stability in the first place, but maybe that ship has sailed already..
+            bool shouldBypassFrameStability = Math.Abs(drawableRuleset.FrameStableClock.CurrentTime - editorClock.CurrentTime) > 1000;
+
+            drawableRuleset.FrameStablePlayback = !shouldBypassFrameStability;
+        }
+
        private void regenerateAutoplay()
        {
            var autoplayMod = drawableRuleset.Mods.OfType<ModAutoplay>().Single();
@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Judgements
                        return HitResult.SmallTickMiss;

                    case HitResult.LargeTickHit:
+                    case HitResult.SliderTailHit:
                        return HitResult.LargeTickMiss;

                    default:
@@ -104,6 +105,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Judgements
                case HitResult.SmallTickMiss:
                    return -DEFAULT_MAX_HEALTH_INCREASE * 0.5;

+                case HitResult.SliderTailHit:
                case HitResult.LargeTickHit:
                    return DEFAULT_MAX_HEALTH_INCREASE;

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods
        public override IconUsage? Icon => OsuIcon.ModCinema;
        public override LocalisableString Description => "Watch the video without visual distractions.";

-        public override Type[] IncompatibleMods => base.IncompatibleMods.Concat(new[] { typeof(ModAutoplay), typeof(ModNoFail) }).ToArray();
+        public override Type[] IncompatibleMods => base.IncompatibleMods.Concat(new[] { typeof(ModAutoplay), typeof(ModNoFail), typeof(ModFailCondition) }).ToArray();

        public void ApplyToHUD(HUDOverlay overlay)
        {
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods
 {
    public abstract class ModFailCondition : Mod, IApplicableToHealthProcessor, IApplicableFailOverride
    {
-        public override Type[] IncompatibleMods => new[] { typeof(ModNoFail) };
+        public override Type[] IncompatibleMods => new[] { typeof(ModNoFail), typeof(ModCinema) };

        [SettingSource("Restart on fail", "Automatically restarts when failed.")]
        public BindableBool Restart { get; } = new BindableBool();
@@ -56,9 +56,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods
        public void ApplyToScoreProcessor(ScoreProcessor scoreProcessor)
        {
            Combo.BindTo(scoreProcessor.Combo);
-
-            // Default value of ScoreProcessor's Rank in Flashlight Mod should be SS+
-            scoreProcessor.Rank.Value = ScoreRank.XH;
        }

        public ScoreRank AdjustRank(ScoreRank rank, double accuracy)
@@ -17,8 +17,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods

        public void ApplyToScoreProcessor(ScoreProcessor scoreProcessor)
        {
-            // Default value of ScoreProcessor's Rank in Hidden Mod should be SS+
-            scoreProcessor.Rank.Value = ScoreRank.XH;
        }

        public ScoreRank AdjustRank(ScoreRank rank, double accuracy)
@@ -599,7 +599,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects.Drawables
            float balanceAdjustAmount = positionalHitsoundsLevel.Value * 2;
            double returnedValue = balanceAdjustAmount * (position - 0.5f);

-            return returnedValue;
+            // Rounded to reduce the overhead of audio adjustments (which are currently bindable heavy).
+            // Balance is very hard to perceive in small increments anyways.
+            return Math.Round(returnedValue, 2);
        }

        /// <summary>
@@ -57,5 +57,40 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects.Legacy

            return (float)(1.0f - 0.7f * IBeatmapDifficultyInfo.DifficultyRange(circleSize)) / 2 * (applyFudge ? broken_gamefield_rounding_allowance : 1);
        }
+
+        public static int CalculateDifficultyPeppyStars(BeatmapDifficulty difficulty, int objectCount, int drainLength)
+        {
+            /*
+             * WARNING: DO NOT TOUCH IF YOU DO NOT KNOW WHAT YOU ARE DOING
+             *
+             * It so happens that in stable, due to .NET Framework internals, float math would be performed
+             * using x87 registers and opcodes.
+             * .NET (Core) however uses SSE instructions on 32- and 64-bit words.
+             * x87 registers are _80 bits_ wide. Which is notably wider than _both_ float and double.
+             * Therefore, on a significant number of beatmaps, the rounding would not produce correct values.
+             *
+             * Thus, to crudely - but, seemingly *mostly* accurately, after checking across all ranked maps - emulate this,
+             * use `decimal`, which is slow, but has bigger precision than `double`.
+             * At the time of writing, there is _one_ ranked exception to this - namely https://osu.ppy.sh/beatmapsets/1156087#osu/2625853 -
+             * but it is considered an "acceptable casualty", since in that case scores aren't inflated by _that_ much compared to others.
+             */
+
+            decimal objectToDrainRatio = drainLength != 0
+                ? Math.Clamp((decimal)objectCount / drainLength * 8, 0, 16)
+                : 16;
+
+            /*
+             * Notably, THE `double` CASTS BELOW ARE IMPORTANT AND MUST REMAIN.
+             * Their goal is to trick the compiler / runtime into NOT promoting from single-precision float, as doing so would prompt it
+             * to attempt to "silently" fix the single-precision values when converting to decimal,
+             * which is NOT what the x87 FPU does.
+             */
+
+            decimal drainRate = (decimal)(double)difficulty.DrainRate;
+            decimal overallDifficulty = (decimal)(double)difficulty.OverallDifficulty;
+            decimal circleSize = (decimal)(double)difficulty.CircleSize;
+
+            return (int)Math.Round((drainRate + overallDifficulty + circleSize + objectToDrainRatio) / 38 * 5);
+        }
    }
 }
@@ -139,6 +139,13 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring
        [Order(15)]
        ComboBreak,

+        /// <summary>
+        /// A special judgement similar to <see cref="LargeTickHit"/> that's used to increase the valuation of the final tick of a slider.
+        /// </summary>
+        [EnumMember(Value = "slider_tail_hit")]
+        [Order(16)]
+        SliderTailHit,
+
        /// <summary>
        /// A special result used as a padding value for legacy rulesets. It is a hit type and affects combo, but does not affect the base score (does not affect accuracy).
        ///
@@ -188,6 +195,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring
                case HitResult.LargeTickMiss:
                case HitResult.LegacyComboIncrease:
                case HitResult.ComboBreak:
+                case HitResult.SliderTailHit:
                    return true;

                default:
@@ -246,6 +254,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring
                case HitResult.LargeTickMiss:
                case HitResult.SmallTickHit:
                case HitResult.SmallTickMiss:
+                case HitResult.SliderTailHit:
                    return true;

                default:
@@ -329,6 +338,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring
                case HitResult.ComboBreak:
                    return true;

+                case HitResult.SliderTailHit:
+                    return true;
+
                default:
                    // Note that IgnoreHit and IgnoreMiss are excluded as they do not affect score.
                    return result >= HitResult.Miss && result < HitResult.IgnoreMiss;
@@ -383,6 +395,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring
            if (minResult == HitResult.IgnoreMiss)
                return;

+            if (maxResult == HitResult.SliderTailHit && minResult != HitResult.LargeTickMiss)
+                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(minResult), $"{HitResult.LargeTickMiss} is the only valid minimum result for a {maxResult} judgement.");
+
            if (maxResult == HitResult.LargeTickHit && minResult != HitResult.LargeTickMiss)
                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(minResult), $"{HitResult.LargeTickMiss} is the only valid minimum result for a {maxResult} judgement.");

@@ -86,7 +86,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring
        /// <summary>
        /// The current rank.
        /// </summary>
-        public readonly Bindable<ScoreRank> Rank = new Bindable<ScoreRank>(ScoreRank.X);
+        public IBindable<ScoreRank> Rank => rank;
+
+        private readonly Bindable<ScoreRank> rank = new Bindable<ScoreRank>(ScoreRank.X);

        /// <summary>
        /// The highest combo achieved by this score.
@@ -167,14 +169,14 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring
                if (!beatmapApplied)
                    throw new InvalidOperationException($"Cannot access maximum statistics before calling {nameof(ApplyBeatmap)}.");

-                return new Dictionary<HitResult, int>(maximumResultCounts);
+                return new Dictionary<HitResult, int>(MaximumResultCounts);
            }
        }

        private bool beatmapApplied;

-        private readonly Dictionary<HitResult, int> scoreResultCounts = new Dictionary<HitResult, int>();
-        private readonly Dictionary<HitResult, int> maximumResultCounts = new Dictionary<HitResult, int>();
+        protected readonly Dictionary<HitResult, int> ScoreResultCounts = new Dictionary<HitResult, int>();
+        protected readonly Dictionary<HitResult, int> MaximumResultCounts = new Dictionary<HitResult, int>();

        private readonly List<HitEvent> hitEvents = new List<HitEvent>();
        private HitObject? lastHitObject;
@@ -186,9 +188,13 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring
            Combo.ValueChanged += combo => HighestCombo.Value = Math.Max(HighestCombo.Value, combo.NewValue);
            Accuracy.ValueChanged += accuracy =>
            {
-                Rank.Value = RankFromAccuracy(accuracy.NewValue);
+                // Once failed, we shouldn't update the rank anymore.
+                if (rank.Value == ScoreRank.F)
+                    return;
+
+                rank.Value = RankFromAccuracy(accuracy.NewValue);
                foreach (var mod in Mods.Value.OfType<IApplicableToScoreProcessor>())
-                    Rank.Value = mod.AdjustRank(Rank.Value, accuracy.NewValue);
+                    rank.Value = mod.AdjustRank(Rank.Value, accuracy.NewValue);
            };

            Mods.ValueChanged += mods =>
@@ -216,7 +222,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring
            if (result.FailedAtJudgement)
                return;

-            scoreResultCounts[result.Type] = scoreResultCounts.GetValueOrDefault(result.Type) + 1;
+            ScoreResultCounts[result.Type] = ScoreResultCounts.GetValueOrDefault(result.Type) + 1;

            if (result.Type.IncreasesCombo())
                Combo.Value++;
@@ -272,7 +278,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring
            if (result.FailedAtJudgement)
                return;

-            scoreResultCounts[result.Type] = scoreResultCounts.GetValueOrDefault(result.Type) - 1;
+            ScoreResultCounts[result.Type] = ScoreResultCounts.GetValueOrDefault(result.Type) - 1;

            if (result.Judgement.MaxResult.AffectsAccuracy())
            {
@@ -322,6 +328,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring
                case HitResult.LargeTickHit:
                    return 30;

+                case HitResult.SliderTailHit:
+                    return 150;
+
                case HitResult.Meh:
                    return 50;

@@ -391,13 +400,13 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring
                maximumComboPortion = currentComboPortion;
                maximumAccuracyJudgementCount = currentAccuracyJudgementCount;

-                maximumResultCounts.Clear();
-                maximumResultCounts.AddRange(scoreResultCounts);
+                MaximumResultCounts.Clear();
+                MaximumResultCounts.AddRange(ScoreResultCounts);

                MaximumTotalScore = TotalScore.Value;
            }

-            scoreResultCounts.Clear();
+            ScoreResultCounts.Clear();

            currentBaseScore = 0;
            currentMaximumBaseScore = 0;
@@ -408,8 +417,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring
            TotalScore.Value = 0;
            Accuracy.Value = 1;
            Combo.Value = 0;
-            Rank.Disabled = false;
-            Rank.Value = ScoreRank.X;
+            rank.Value = ScoreRank.X;
            HighestCombo.Value = 0;
        }

@@ -427,10 +435,10 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring
            score.MaximumStatistics.Clear();

            foreach (var result in HitResultExtensions.ALL_TYPES)
-                score.Statistics[result] = scoreResultCounts.GetValueOrDefault(result);
+                score.Statistics[result] = ScoreResultCounts.GetValueOrDefault(result);

            foreach (var result in HitResultExtensions.ALL_TYPES)
-                score.MaximumStatistics[result] = maximumResultCounts.GetValueOrDefault(result);
+                score.MaximumStatistics[result] = MaximumResultCounts.GetValueOrDefault(result);

            // Populate total score after everything else.
            score.TotalScore = TotalScore.Value;
@@ -445,7 +453,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring
                return;

            score.Passed = false;
-            Rank.Value = ScoreRank.F;
+            rank.Value = ScoreRank.F;

            PopulateScore(score);
        }
@@ -461,8 +469,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring
            HighestCombo.Value = frame.Header.MaxCombo;
            TotalScore.Value = frame.Header.TotalScore;

-            scoreResultCounts.Clear();
-            scoreResultCounts.AddRange(frame.Header.Statistics);
+            ScoreResultCounts.Clear();
+            ScoreResultCounts.AddRange(frame.Header.Statistics);

            SetScoreProcessorStatistics(frame.Header.ScoreProcessorStatistics);

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ using osu.Game.Extensions;
 using osu.Game.IO.Legacy;
 using osu.Game.IO.Serialization;
 using osu.Game.Replays.Legacy;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects.Legacy;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Replays;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Replays.Types;
 using SharpCompress.Compressors.LZMA;
@@ -36,9 +37,15 @@ namespace osu.Game.Scoring.Legacy
        /// <item><description>30000007: Adjust osu!mania combo and accuracy portions and judgement scoring values. Reconvert all scores.</description></item>
        /// <item><description>30000008: Add accuracy conversion. Reconvert all scores.</description></item>
        /// <item><description>30000009: Fix edge cases in conversion for scores which have 0.0x mod multiplier on stable. Reconvert all scores.</description></item>
+        /// <item><description>30000010: Fix mania score V1 conversion using score V1 accuracy rather than V2 accuracy. Reconvert all scores.</description></item>
+        /// <item><description>30000011: Re-do catch scoring to mirror stable Score V2 as closely as feasible. Reconvert all scores.</description></item>
+        /// <item><description>
+        /// 30000012: Fix incorrect total score conversion on selected beatmaps after implementing the more correct
+        /// <see cref="LegacyRulesetExtensions.CalculateDifficultyPeppyStars"/> method. Reconvert all scores.
+        /// </description></item>
        /// </list>
        /// </remarks>
-        public const int LATEST_VERSION = 30000009;
+        public const int LATEST_VERSION = 30000012;

        /// <summary>
        /// The first stable-compatible YYYYMMDD format version given to lazer usage of replays.
@@ -350,6 +350,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Scoring
                {
                    case HitResult.SmallTickHit:
                    case HitResult.LargeTickHit:
+                    case HitResult.SliderTailHit:
                    case HitResult.LargeBonus:
                    case HitResult.SmallBonus:
                        if (MaximumStatistics.TryGetValue(r.result, out int count) && count > 0)
@@ -62,6 +62,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Edit.Compose.Components

        protected override bool OnDragStart(DragStartEvent e)
        {
+            if (e.Button != MouseButton.Left)
+                return false;
+
            if (rotationHandler == null) return false;

            rotationHandler.Begin();
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Edit.Timing
                row.Alpha = time < selectedGroupStartTime || time > selectedGroupEndTime ? 0.2f : 1;
                row.WaveformOffsetTo(-offset, animated);
                row.WaveformScale = new Vector2(scale, 1);
-                row.BeatIndex = (int)Math.Floor(index);
+                row.BeatIndex = (int)Math.Round(index);

                index++;
            }
@@ -95,6 +95,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Menu
            Colour = Color4.Black
        };

+        public override bool? AllowGlobalTrackControl => false;
+
        protected IntroScreen([CanBeNull] Func<MainMenu> createNextScreen = null)
        {
            this.createNextScreen = createNextScreen;
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@

 using System;
 using System.Diagnostics;
+using System.Linq;
 using JetBrains.Annotations;
 using osu.Framework.Allocation;
 using osu.Framework.Audio;
@@ -25,6 +26,7 @@ using osu.Game.Input.Bindings;
 using osu.Game.IO;
 using osu.Game.Online.API;
 using osu.Game.Overlays;
+using osu.Game.Overlays.Dialog;
 using osu.Game.Overlays.SkinEditor;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets;
 using osu.Game.Screens.Backgrounds;
@@ -49,6 +51,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Menu

        public override bool AllowExternalScreenChange => true;

+        public override bool? AllowGlobalTrackControl => true;
+
        private Screen songSelect;

        private MenuSideFlashes sideFlashes;
@@ -390,7 +394,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Menu
            if (requiresConfirmation)
            {
                if (dialogOverlay.CurrentDialog is ConfirmExitDialog exitDialog)
-                    exitDialog.PerformOkAction();
+                {
+                    if (exitDialog.Buttons.OfType<PopupDialogOkButton>().FirstOrDefault() != null)
+                        exitDialog.PerformOkAction();
+                    else
+                        exitDialog.Flash();
+                }
                else
                {
                    dialogOverlay.Push(new ConfirmExitDialog(() =>
@@ -349,6 +349,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Multiplayer
            addItemButton.Alpha = localUserCanAddItem ? 1 : 0;

            Scheduler.AddOnce(UpdateMods);
+
+            Activity.Value = new UserActivity.InLobby(Room);
        }

        private bool localUserCanAddItem => client.IsHost || Room.QueueMode.Value != QueueMode.HostOnly;
@@ -26,9 +26,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Multiplayer
    {
        protected override bool PauseOnFocusLost => false;

-        // Disallow fails in multiplayer for now.
-        protected override bool CheckModsAllowFailure() => false;
-
        protected override UserActivity InitialActivity => new UserActivity.InMultiplayerGame(Beatmap.Value.BeatmapInfo, Ruleset.Value);

        [Resolved]
@@ -55,6 +52,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Multiplayer
            {
                AllowPause = false,
                AllowRestart = false,
+                AllowFailAnimation = false,
                AllowSkipping = room.AutoSkip.Value,
                AutomaticallySkipIntro = room.AutoSkip.Value,
                AlwaysShowLeaderboard = true,
@@ -4,12 +4,14 @@
 #nullable disable

 using System.Collections.Generic;
+using osu.Framework.Bindables;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Shapes;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.UserInterface;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps.Timing;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring;
+using osu.Game.Scoring;
 using osu.Game.Screens.Play.Break;

 namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
@@ -113,7 +115,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
            if (scoreProcessor != null)
            {
                info.AccuracyDisplay.Current.BindTo(scoreProcessor.Accuracy);
-                info.GradeDisplay.Current.BindTo(scoreProcessor.Rank);
+                ((IBindable<ScoreRank>)info.GradeDisplay.Current).BindTo(scoreProcessor.Rank);
            }
        }

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
        public bool HasPassed { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
-        /// Whether the user failed during gameplay.
+        /// Whether the user failed during gameplay. This is only set when the gameplay session has completed due to the fail.
        /// </summary>
        public bool HasFailed { get; set; }

@@ -83,12 +83,14 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD
                        },
                        fractionPart = new ArgonCounterTextComponent(Anchor.TopLeft)
                        {
+                            RequiredDisplayDigits = { Value = 2 },
                            WireframeOpacity = { BindTarget = WireframeOpacity },
                            Scale = new Vector2(0.5f),
                        },
                        percentText = new ArgonCounterTextComponent(Anchor.TopLeft)
                        {
                            Text = @"%",
+                            RequiredDisplayDigits = { Value = 1 },
                            WireframeOpacity = { BindTarget = WireframeOpacity }
                        },
                    }
@@ -57,6 +57,31 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD
            });
        }

+        public override int DisplayedCount
+        {
+            get => base.DisplayedCount;
+            set
+            {
+                base.DisplayedCount = value;
+                updateWireframe();
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void updateWireframe()
+        {
+            text.RequiredDisplayDigits.Value = getDigitsRequiredForDisplayCount();
+        }
+
+        private int getDigitsRequiredForDisplayCount()
+        {
+            // one for the single presumed starting digit, one for the "x" at the end.
+            int digitsRequired = 2;
+            long c = DisplayedCount;
+            while ((c /= 10) > 0)
+                digitsRequired++;
+            return digitsRequired;
+        }
+
        protected override LocalisableString FormatCount(int count) => $@"{count}x";

        protected override IHasText CreateText() => text = new ArgonCounterTextComponent(Anchor.TopLeft, MatchesStrings.MatchScoreStatsCombo.ToUpper())
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.

 using System;
-using System.Linq;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using osu.Framework.Allocation;
 using osu.Framework.Bindables;
@@ -33,14 +33,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD
        public LocalisableString Text
        {
            get => textPart.Text;
-            set
-            {
-                int remainingCount = RequiredDisplayDigits.Value - value.ToString().Count(char.IsDigit);
-                string remainingText = remainingCount > 0 ? new string('#', remainingCount) : string.Empty;
-
-                wireframesPart.Text = remainingText + value;
-                textPart.Text = value;
-            }
+            set => textPart.Text = value;
        }

        public ArgonCounterTextComponent(Anchor anchor, LocalisableString? label = null)
@@ -81,6 +74,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD
                    }
                }
            };
+
+            RequiredDisplayDigits.BindValueChanged(digits => wireframesPart.Text = new string('#', digits.NewValue));
        }

        private string textLookup(char c)
@@ -137,33 +132,49 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD
            [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
            private void load(TextureStore textures)
            {
+                const string font_name = @"argon-counter";
+
                Spacing = new Vector2(-2f, 0f);
-                Font = new FontUsage(@"argon-counter", 1);
-                glyphStore = new GlyphStore(textures, getLookup);
+                Font = new FontUsage(font_name, 1);
+                glyphStore = new GlyphStore(font_name, textures, getLookup);
            }

            protected override TextBuilder CreateTextBuilder(ITexturedGlyphLookupStore store) => base.CreateTextBuilder(glyphStore);

            private class GlyphStore : ITexturedGlyphLookupStore
            {
+                private readonly string fontName;
                private readonly TextureStore textures;
                private readonly Func<char, string> getLookup;

-                public GlyphStore(TextureStore textures, Func<char, string> getLookup)
+                private readonly Dictionary<char, ITexturedCharacterGlyph?> cache = new Dictionary<char, ITexturedCharacterGlyph?>();
+
+                public GlyphStore(string fontName, TextureStore textures, Func<char, string> getLookup)
                {
+                    this.fontName = fontName;
                    this.textures = textures;
                    this.getLookup = getLookup;
                }

                public ITexturedCharacterGlyph? Get(string? fontName, char character)
                {
+                    // We only service one font.
+                    if (fontName != this.fontName)
+                        return null;
+
+                    if (cache.TryGetValue(character, out var cached))
+                        return cached;
+
                    string lookup = getLookup(character);
                    var texture = textures.Get($"Gameplay/Fonts/{fontName}-{lookup}");

-                    if (texture == null)
-                        return null;
+                    TexturedCharacterGlyph? glyph = null;

-                    return new TexturedCharacterGlyph(new CharacterGlyph(character, 0, 0, texture.Width, texture.Height, null), texture, 0.125f);
+                    if (texture != null)
+                        glyph = new TexturedCharacterGlyph(new CharacterGlyph(character, 0, 0, texture.Width, texture.Height, null), texture, 0.125f);
+
+                    cache[character] = glyph;
+                    return glyph;
                }

                public Task<ITexturedCharacterGlyph?> GetAsync(string fontName, char character) => Task.Run(() => Get(fontName, character));
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@

 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
-using System.Linq;
 using osu.Framework.Allocation;
 using osu.Framework.Bindables;
+using osu.Framework.Caching;
 using osu.Framework.Extensions.Color4Extensions;
 using osu.Framework.Extensions.ObjectExtensions;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
@@ -58,39 +58,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD

        private bool displayingMiss => resetMissBarDelegate != null;

-        private readonly List<Vector2> missBarVertices = new List<Vector2>();
-        private readonly List<Vector2> healthBarVertices = new List<Vector2>();
+        private readonly List<Vector2> vertices = new List<Vector2>();

        private double glowBarValue;

-        public double GlowBarValue
-        {
-            get => glowBarValue;
-            set
-            {
-                if (glowBarValue == value)
-                    return;
-
-                glowBarValue = value;
-                Scheduler.AddOnce(updatePathVertices);
-            }
-        }
-
        private double healthBarValue;

-        public double HealthBarValue
-        {
-            get => healthBarValue;
-            set
-            {
-                if (healthBarValue == value)
-                    return;
-
-                healthBarValue = value;
-                Scheduler.AddOnce(updatePathVertices);
-            }
-        }
-
        public const float MAIN_PATH_RADIUS = 10f;

        private const float curve_start_offset = 70;
@@ -100,6 +73,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD

        private readonly LayoutValue drawSizeLayout = new LayoutValue(Invalidation.DrawSize);

+        private readonly Cached pathVerticesCache = new Cached();
+
        public ArgonHealthDisplay()
        {
            AddLayout(drawSizeLayout);
@@ -158,7 +133,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD
            base.LoadComplete();

            HealthProcessor.NewJudgement += onNewJudgement;
-            Current.BindValueChanged(onCurrentChanged, true);

            // we're about to set `RelativeSizeAxes` depending on the value of `UseRelativeSize`.
            // setting `RelativeSizeAxes` internally transforms absolute sizing to relative and back to keep the size the same,
@@ -173,31 +147,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD

        private void onNewJudgement(JudgementResult result) => pendingMissAnimation |= !result.IsHit;

-        private void onCurrentChanged(ValueChangedEvent<double> valueChangedEvent)
-            // schedule display updates one frame later to ensure we know the judgement result causing this change (if there is one).
-            => Scheduler.AddOnce(updateDisplay);
-
-        private void updateDisplay()
-        {
-            double newHealth = Current.Value;
-
-            if (newHealth >= GlowBarValue)
-                finishMissDisplay();
-
-            double time = newHealth > GlowBarValue ? 500 : 250;
-
-            // TODO: this should probably use interpolation in update.
-            this.TransformTo(nameof(HealthBarValue), newHealth, time, Easing.OutQuint);
-
-            if (pendingMissAnimation && newHealth < GlowBarValue)
-                triggerMissDisplay();
-
-            pendingMissAnimation = false;
-
-            if (!displayingMiss)
-                this.TransformTo(nameof(GlowBarValue), newHealth, time, Easing.OutQuint);
-        }
-
        protected override void Update()
        {
            base.Update();
@@ -208,30 +157,44 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD
                drawSizeLayout.Validate();
            }

+            healthBarValue = Interpolation.DampContinuously(healthBarValue, Current.Value, 50, Time.Elapsed);
+            if (!displayingMiss)
+                glowBarValue = Interpolation.DampContinuously(glowBarValue, Current.Value, 50, Time.Elapsed);
+
            mainBar.Alpha = (float)Interpolation.DampContinuously(mainBar.Alpha, Current.Value > 0 ? 1 : 0, 40, Time.Elapsed);
-            glowBar.Alpha = (float)Interpolation.DampContinuously(glowBar.Alpha, GlowBarValue > 0 ? 1 : 0, 40, Time.Elapsed);
+            glowBar.Alpha = (float)Interpolation.DampContinuously(glowBar.Alpha, glowBarValue > 0 ? 1 : 0, 40, Time.Elapsed);
+
+            updatePathVertices();
+        }
+
+        protected override void HealthChanged(bool increase)
+        {
+            if (Current.Value >= glowBarValue)
+                finishMissDisplay();
+
+            if (pendingMissAnimation)
+            {
+                triggerMissDisplay();
+                pendingMissAnimation = false;
+            }
+
+            base.HealthChanged(increase);
        }

        protected override void FinishInitialAnimation(double value)
        {
            base.FinishInitialAnimation(value);
-            this.TransformTo(nameof(HealthBarValue), value, 500, Easing.OutQuint);
-            this.TransformTo(nameof(GlowBarValue), value, 250, Easing.OutQuint);
+            this.TransformTo(nameof(healthBarValue), value, 500, Easing.OutQuint);
+            this.TransformTo(nameof(glowBarValue), value, 250, Easing.OutQuint);
        }

        protected override void Flash()
        {
            base.Flash();

-            mainBar.TransformTo(nameof(BarPath.GlowColour), main_bar_glow_colour.Opacity(0.8f))
-                   .TransformTo(nameof(BarPath.GlowColour), main_bar_glow_colour, 300, Easing.OutQuint);
-
            if (!displayingMiss)
            {
-                glowBar.TransformTo(nameof(BarPath.BarColour), Colour4.White, 30, Easing.OutQuint)
-                       .Then()
-                       .TransformTo(nameof(BarPath.BarColour), main_bar_colour, 1000, Easing.OutQuint);
-
+                // TODO: REMOVE THIS. It's recreating textures.
                glowBar.TransformTo(nameof(BarPath.GlowColour), Colour4.White, 30, Easing.OutQuint)
                       .Then()
                       .TransformTo(nameof(BarPath.GlowColour), main_bar_glow_colour, 300, Easing.OutQuint);
@@ -245,13 +208,15 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD

            this.Delay(500).Schedule(() =>
            {
-                this.TransformTo(nameof(GlowBarValue), Current.Value, 300, Easing.OutQuint);
+                this.TransformTo(nameof(glowBarValue), Current.Value, 300, Easing.OutQuint);
                finishMissDisplay();
            }, out resetMissBarDelegate);

+            // TODO: REMOVE THIS. It's recreating textures.
            glowBar.TransformTo(nameof(BarPath.BarColour), new Colour4(255, 147, 147, 255), 100, Easing.OutQuint).Then()
                   .TransformTo(nameof(BarPath.BarColour), new Colour4(255, 93, 93, 255), 800, Easing.OutQuint);

+            // TODO: REMOVE THIS. It's recreating textures.
            glowBar.TransformTo(nameof(BarPath.GlowColour), new Colour4(253, 0, 0, 255).Lighten(0.2f))
                   .TransformTo(nameof(BarPath.GlowColour), new Colour4(253, 0, 0, 255), 800, Easing.OutQuint);
        }
@@ -263,6 +228,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD

            if (Current.Value > 0)
            {
+                // TODO: REMOVE THIS. It's recreating textures.
                glowBar.TransformTo(nameof(BarPath.BarColour), main_bar_colour, 300, Easing.In);
                glowBar.TransformTo(nameof(BarPath.GlowColour), main_bar_glow_colour, 300, Easing.In);
            }
@@ -302,7 +268,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD
            if (DrawWidth - padding < rescale_cutoff)
                rescalePathProportionally();

-            List<Vector2> vertices = new List<Vector2>();
            barPath.GetPathToProgress(vertices, 0.0, 1.0);

            background.Vertices = vertices;
@@ -332,20 +297,25 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD

        private void updatePathVertices()
        {
-            barPath.GetPathToProgress(healthBarVertices, 0.0, healthBarValue);
-            barPath.GetPathToProgress(missBarVertices, healthBarValue, Math.Max(glowBarValue, healthBarValue));
+            barPath.GetPathToProgress(vertices, 0.0, healthBarValue);
+            if (vertices.Count == 0) vertices.Add(Vector2.Zero);
+            Vector2 initialVertex = vertices[0];
+            for (int i = 0; i < vertices.Count; i++)
+                vertices[i] -= initialVertex;

-            if (healthBarVertices.Count == 0)
-                healthBarVertices.Add(Vector2.Zero);
+            mainBar.Vertices = vertices;
+            mainBar.Position = initialVertex;

-            if (missBarVertices.Count == 0)
-                missBarVertices.Add(Vector2.Zero);
+            barPath.GetPathToProgress(vertices, healthBarValue, Math.Max(glowBarValue, healthBarValue));
+            if (vertices.Count == 0) vertices.Add(Vector2.Zero);
+            initialVertex = vertices[0];
+            for (int i = 0; i < vertices.Count; i++)
+                vertices[i] -= initialVertex;

-            glowBar.Vertices = missBarVertices.Select(v => v - missBarVertices[0]).ToList();
-            glowBar.Position = missBarVertices[0];
+            glowBar.Vertices = vertices;
+            glowBar.Position = initialVertex;

-            mainBar.Vertices = healthBarVertices.Select(v => v - healthBarVertices[0]).ToList();
-            mainBar.Position = healthBarVertices[0];
+            pathVerticesCache.Validate();
        }

        protected override void Dispose(bool isDisposing)
@@ -358,14 +328,17 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD

        private partial class BackgroundPath : SmoothPath
        {
+            private static readonly Color4 colour_white = Color4.White.Opacity(0.8f);
+            private static readonly Color4 colour_black = Color4.Black.Opacity(0.2f);
+
            protected override Color4 ColourAt(float position)
            {
                if (position <= 0.16f)
-                    return Color4.White.Opacity(0.8f);
+                    return colour_white;

                return Interpolation.ValueAt(position,
-                    Color4.White.Opacity(0.8f),
-                    Color4.Black.Opacity(0.2f),
+                    colour_white,
+                    colour_black,
                    -0.5f, 1f, Easing.OutQuint);
            }
        }
@@ -404,12 +377,14 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD

            public float GlowPortion { get; init; }

+            private static readonly Colour4 transparent_black = Colour4.Black.Opacity(0.0f);
+
            protected override Color4 ColourAt(float position)
            {
                if (position >= GlowPortion)
                    return BarColour;

-                return Interpolation.ValueAt(position, Colour4.Black.Opacity(0.0f), GlowColour, 0.0, GlowPortion, Easing.InQuint);
+                return Interpolation.ValueAt(position, transparent_black, GlowColour, 0.0, GlowPortion, Easing.InQuint);
            }
        }
    }
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.

+using System;
 using osu.Framework.Bindables;
 using osu.Framework.Extensions.LocalisationExtensions;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
@@ -15,6 +16,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD
 {
    public partial class ArgonScoreCounter : GameplayScoreCounter, ISerialisableDrawable
    {
+        private ArgonScoreTextComponent scoreText = null!;
+
        protected override double RollingDuration => 500;
        protected override Easing RollingEasing => Easing.OutQuint;

@@ -33,13 +36,42 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD

        protected override LocalisableString FormatCount(long count) => count.ToLocalisableString();

-        protected override IHasText CreateText() => new ArgonScoreTextComponent(Anchor.TopRight, BeatmapsetsStrings.ShowScoreboardHeadersScore.ToUpper())
+        protected override IHasText CreateText() => scoreText = new ArgonScoreTextComponent(Anchor.TopRight, BeatmapsetsStrings.ShowScoreboardHeadersScore.ToUpper())
        {
-            RequiredDisplayDigits = { BindTarget = RequiredDisplayDigits },
            WireframeOpacity = { BindTarget = WireframeOpacity },
            ShowLabel = { BindTarget = ShowLabel },
        };

+        public ArgonScoreCounter()
+        {
+            RequiredDisplayDigits.BindValueChanged(_ => updateWireframe());
+        }
+
+        public override long DisplayedCount
+        {
+            get => base.DisplayedCount;
+            set
+            {
+                base.DisplayedCount = value;
+                updateWireframe();
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void updateWireframe()
+        {
+            scoreText.RequiredDisplayDigits.Value =
+                Math.Max(RequiredDisplayDigits.Value, getDigitsRequiredForDisplayCount());
+        }
+
+        private int getDigitsRequiredForDisplayCount()
+        {
+            int digitsRequired = 1;
+            long c = DisplayedCount;
+            while ((c /= 10) > 0)
+                digitsRequired++;
+            return digitsRequired;
+        }
+
        private partial class ArgonScoreTextComponent : ArgonCounterTextComponent
        {
            public ArgonScoreTextComponent(Anchor anchor, LocalisableString? label = null)
@@ -11,11 +11,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD
    {
        public bool UsesFixedAnchor { get; set; }

-        protected ComboCounter()
-        {
-            Current.Value = DisplayedCount = 0;
-        }
-
        protected override double GetProportionalDuration(int currentValue, int newValue)
        {
            return Math.Abs(currentValue - newValue) * RollingDuration * 100.0f;
@@ -100,11 +100,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD

        protected override void Update()
        {
+            base.Update();
+
            double target = Math.Clamp(max_alpha * (1 - Current.Value / low_health_threshold), 0, max_alpha);

            boxes.Alpha = (float)Interpolation.Lerp(boxes.Alpha, target, Clock.ElapsedFrameTime * 0.01f);
-
-            base.Update();
        }
    }
 }
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ using osu.Framework.Extensions.ObjectExtensions;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
 using osu.Framework.Threading;
+using osu.Framework.Utils;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Judgements;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.UI;
@@ -30,11 +31,13 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD
        public Bindable<double> Current { get; } = new BindableDouble
        {
            MinValue = 0,
-            MaxValue = 1
+            MaxValue = 1,
        };

        private BindableNumber<double> health = null!;

+        protected bool InitialAnimationPlaying => initialIncrease != null;
+
        private ScheduledDelegate? initialIncrease;

        /// <summary>
@@ -56,13 +59,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD

            // Don't bind directly so we can animate the startup procedure.
            health = HealthProcessor.Health.GetBoundCopy();
-            health.BindValueChanged(h =>
-            {
-                if (initialIncrease != null)
-                    FinishInitialAnimation(h.OldValue);
-
-                Current.Value = h.NewValue;
-            });

            if (hudOverlay != null)
                showHealthBar.BindTo(hudOverlay.ShowHealthBar);
@@ -70,12 +66,42 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD
            // this probably shouldn't be operating on `this.`
            showHealthBar.BindValueChanged(healthBar => this.FadeTo(healthBar.NewValue ? 1 : 0, HUDOverlay.FADE_DURATION, HUDOverlay.FADE_EASING), true);

+            initialHealthValue = health.Value;
+
            if (PlayInitialIncreaseAnimation)
                startInitialAnimation();
            else
                Current.Value = health.Value;
        }

+        private double lastValue;
+        private double initialHealthValue;
+
+        protected override void Update()
+        {
+            base.Update();
+
+            if (!InitialAnimationPlaying || health.Value != initialHealthValue)
+            {
+                Current.Value = health.Value;
+
+                if (initialIncrease != null)
+                    FinishInitialAnimation(Current.Value);
+            }
+
+            // Health changes every frame in draining situations.
+            // Manually handle value changes to avoid bindable event flow overhead.
+            if (!Precision.AlmostEquals(lastValue, Current.Value, 0.001f))
+            {
+                HealthChanged(Current.Value > lastValue);
+                lastValue = Current.Value;
+            }
+        }
+
+        protected virtual void HealthChanged(bool increase)
+        {
+        }
+
        private void startInitialAnimation()
        {
            if (Current.Value >= health.Value)
@@ -40,6 +40,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
            Precision = 0.1,
        };

+        /// <summary>
+        /// Whether the audio playback rate should be validated.
+        /// Mostly disabled for tests.
+        /// </summary>
+        internal bool ShouldValidatePlaybackRate { get; init; }
+
        /// <summary>
        /// Whether the audio playback is within acceptable ranges.
        /// Will become false if audio playback is not going as expected.
@@ -223,6 +229,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play

        private void checkPlaybackValidity()
        {
+            if (!ShouldValidatePlaybackRate)
+                return;
+
            if (GameplayClock.IsRunning)
            {
                elapsedGameplayClockTime += GameplayClock.ElapsedFrameTime;
@@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
            }

            // Only show the completion screen if the player hasn't failed
-            if (HealthProcessor.HasFailed)
+            if (GameplayState.HasFailed)
                return;

            GameplayState.HasPassed = true;
@@ -801,8 +801,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
                    // This player instance may already be in the process of exiting.
                    return;

-                Debug.Assert(ScoreProcessor.Rank.Value != ScoreRank.F);
-
                this.Push(CreateResults(prepareScoreForDisplayTask.GetResultSafely()));
            }, Time.Current + delay, 50);

@@ -924,37 +922,44 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
            if (!CheckModsAllowFailure())
                return false;

-            Debug.Assert(!GameplayState.HasFailed);
-            Debug.Assert(!GameplayState.HasPassed);
-            Debug.Assert(!GameplayState.HasQuit);
+            if (Configuration.AllowFailAnimation)
+            {
+                Debug.Assert(!GameplayState.HasFailed);
+                Debug.Assert(!GameplayState.HasPassed);
+                Debug.Assert(!GameplayState.HasQuit);

-            GameplayState.HasFailed = true;
+                GameplayState.HasFailed = true;

-            updateGameplayState();
+                updateGameplayState();

-            // There is a chance that we could be in a paused state as the ruleset's internal clock (see FrameStabilityContainer)
-            // could process an extra frame after the GameplayClock is stopped.
-            // In such cases we want the fail state to precede a user triggered pause.
-            if (PauseOverlay.State.Value == Visibility.Visible)
-                PauseOverlay.Hide();
+                // There is a chance that we could be in a paused state as the ruleset's internal clock (see FrameStabilityContainer)
+                // could process an extra frame after the GameplayClock is stopped.
+                // In such cases we want the fail state to precede a user triggered pause.
+                if (PauseOverlay.State.Value == Visibility.Visible)
+                    PauseOverlay.Hide();

-            failAnimationContainer.Start();
+                failAnimationContainer.Start();

-            // Failures can be triggered either by a judgement, or by a mod.
-            //
-            // For the case of a judgement, due to ordering considerations, ScoreProcessor will not have received
-            // the final judgement which triggered the failure yet (see DrawableRuleset.NewResult handling above).
-            //
-            // A schedule here ensures that any lingering judgements from the current frame are applied before we
-            // finalise the score as "failed".
-            Schedule(() =>
+                // Failures can be triggered either by a judgement, or by a mod.
+                //
+                // For the case of a judgement, due to ordering considerations, ScoreProcessor will not have received
+                // the final judgement which triggered the failure yet (see DrawableRuleset.NewResult handling above).
+                //
+                // A schedule here ensures that any lingering judgements from the current frame are applied before we
+                // finalise the score as "failed".
+                Schedule(() =>
+                {
+                    ScoreProcessor.FailScore(Score.ScoreInfo);
+                    OnFail();
+
+                    if (GameplayState.Mods.OfType<IApplicableFailOverride>().Any(m => m.RestartOnFail))
+                        Restart(true);
+                });
+            }
+            else
            {
                ScoreProcessor.FailScore(Score.ScoreInfo);
-                OnFail();
-
-                if (GameplayState.Mods.OfType<IApplicableFailOverride>().Any(m => m.RestartOnFail))
-                    Restart(true);
-            });
+            }

            return true;
        }
@@ -15,6 +15,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
        /// </summary>
        public bool ShowResults { get; set; } = true;

+        /// <summary>
+        /// Whether the fail animation / screen should be triggered on failing.
+        /// If false, the score will still be marked as failed but gameplay will continue.
+        /// </summary>
+        public bool AllowFailAnimation { get; set; } = true;
+
        /// <summary>
        /// Whether the player should be allowed to trigger a restart.
        /// </summary>
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
        [Resolved]
        private SessionStatics statics { get; set; }

+        private readonly object scoreSubmissionLock = new object();
        private TaskCompletionSource<bool> scoreSubmissionSource;

        protected SubmittingPlayer(PlayerConfiguration configuration = null)
@@ -60,6 +61,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
            AddInternal(new PlayerTouchInputDetector());
        }

+        protected override GameplayClockContainer CreateGameplayClockContainer(WorkingBeatmap beatmap, double gameplayStart) => new MasterGameplayClockContainer(beatmap, gameplayStart)
+        {
+            ShouldValidatePlaybackRate = true,
+        };
+
        protected override void LoadAsyncComplete()
        {
            base.LoadAsyncComplete();
@@ -228,16 +234,19 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
                return Task.CompletedTask;
            }

-            if (scoreSubmissionSource != null)
-                return scoreSubmissionSource.Task;
+            lock (scoreSubmissionLock)
+            {
+                if (scoreSubmissionSource != null)
+                    return scoreSubmissionSource.Task;
+
+                scoreSubmissionSource = new TaskCompletionSource<bool>();
+            }

            // if the user never hit anything, this score should not be counted in any way.
            if (!score.ScoreInfo.Statistics.Any(s => s.Key.IsHit() && s.Value > 0))
                return Task.CompletedTask;

            Logger.Log($"Beginning score submission (token:{token.Value})...");
-
-            scoreSubmissionSource = new TaskCompletionSource<bool>();
            var request = CreateSubmissionRequest(score, token.Value);

            request.Success += s =>
@@ -37,7 +37,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Ranking.Statistics
                    RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.X,
                    Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
                    Origin = Anchor.Centre,
-                    Width = 0.5f,
                    StatisticsUpdate = { BindTarget = StatisticsUpdate }
                })).ToArray();
            }
@@ -96,18 +96,19 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Select
        /// <summary>
        /// Extend the range to retain already loaded pooled drawables.
        /// </summary>
-        private const float distance_offscreen_before_unload = 1024;
+        private const float distance_offscreen_before_unload = 2048;

        /// <summary>
        /// Extend the range to update positions / retrieve pooled drawables outside of visible range.
        /// </summary>
-        private const float distance_offscreen_to_preload = 512; // todo: adjust this appropriately once we can make set panel contents load while off-screen.
+        private const float distance_offscreen_to_preload = 768;

        /// <summary>
        /// Whether carousel items have completed asynchronously loaded.
        /// </summary>
        public bool BeatmapSetsLoaded { get; private set; }

+        [Cached]
        protected readonly CarouselScrollContainer Scroll;

        private readonly NoResultsPlaceholder noResultsPlaceholder;
@@ -1251,7 +1252,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Select
            }
        }

-        protected partial class CarouselScrollContainer : UserTrackingScrollContainer<DrawableCarouselItem>
+        public partial class CarouselScrollContainer : UserTrackingScrollContainer<DrawableCarouselItem>
        {
            private bool rightMouseScrollBlocked;

@@ -5,11 +5,14 @@ using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Diagnostics;
 using System.Linq;
+using System.Threading;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using osu.Framework.Allocation;
+using osu.Framework.Extensions.IEnumerableExtensions;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Cursor;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Primitives;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.UserInterface;
 using osu.Framework.Utils;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
@@ -46,6 +49,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Select.Carousel

        private MenuItem[]? mainMenuItems;

+        private double timeSinceUnpool;
+
        [Resolved]
        private BeatmapManager manager { get; set; } = null!;

@@ -54,6 +59,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Select.Carousel
            base.FreeAfterUse();

            Item = null;
+            timeSinceUnpool = 0;

            ClearTransforms();
        }
@@ -92,13 +98,21 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Select.Carousel
                // algorithm for this is taken from ScrollContainer.
                // while it doesn't necessarily need to match 1:1, as we are emulating scroll in some cases this feels most correct.
                Y = (float)Interpolation.Lerp(targetY, Y, Math.Exp(-0.01 * Time.Elapsed));
+
+            loadContentIfRequired();
        }

+        private CancellationTokenSource? loadCancellation;
+
        protected override void UpdateItem()
        {
+            loadCancellation?.Cancel();
+            loadCancellation = null;
+
            base.UpdateItem();

            Content.Clear();
+            Header.Clear();

            beatmapContainer = null;
            beatmapsLoadTask = null;
@@ -107,32 +121,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Select.Carousel
                return;

            beatmapSet = ((CarouselBeatmapSet)Item).BeatmapSet;
-
-            DelayedLoadWrapper background;
-            DelayedLoadWrapper mainFlow;
-
-            Header.Children = new Drawable[]
-            {
-                // Choice of background image matches BSS implementation (always uses the lowest `beatmap_id` from the set).
-                background = new DelayedLoadWrapper(() => new SetPanelBackground(manager.GetWorkingBeatmap(beatmapSet.Beatmaps.MinBy(b => b.OnlineID)))
-                {
-                    RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
-                }, 200)
-                {
-                    RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both
-                },
-                mainFlow = new DelayedLoadWrapper(() => new SetPanelContent((CarouselBeatmapSet)Item), 50)
-                {
-                    RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both
-                },
-            };
-
-            background.DelayedLoadComplete += fadeContentIn;
-            mainFlow.DelayedLoadComplete += fadeContentIn;
        }

-        private void fadeContentIn(Drawable d) => d.FadeInFromZero(150);
-
        protected override void Deselected()
        {
            base.Deselected();
@@ -190,6 +180,56 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Select.Carousel
            }
        }

+        [Resolved]
+        private BeatmapCarousel.CarouselScrollContainer scrollContainer { get; set; } = null!;
+
+        private void loadContentIfRequired()
+        {
+            Quad containingSsdq = scrollContainer.ScreenSpaceDrawQuad;
+
+            // Using DelayedLoadWrappers would only allow us to load content when on screen, but we want to preload while off-screen
+            // to provide a better user experience.
+
+            // This is tracking time that this drawable is updating since the last pool.
+            // This is intended to provide a debounce so very fast scrolls (from one end to the other of the carousel)
+            // don't cause huge overheads.
+            //
+            // We increase the delay based on distance from centre, so the beatmaps the user is currently looking at load first.
+            float timeUpdatingBeforeLoad = 50 + Math.Abs(containingSsdq.Centre.Y - ScreenSpaceDrawQuad.Centre.Y) / containingSsdq.Height * 100;
+
+            Debug.Assert(Item != null);
+
+            // A load is already in progress if the cancellation token is non-null.
+            if (loadCancellation != null)
+                return;
+
+            timeSinceUnpool += Time.Elapsed;
+
+            // We only trigger a load after this set has been in an updating state for a set amount of time.
+            if (timeSinceUnpool <= timeUpdatingBeforeLoad)
+                return;
+
+            loadCancellation = new CancellationTokenSource();
+
+            LoadComponentsAsync(new CompositeDrawable[]
+            {
+                // Choice of background image matches BSS implementation (always uses the lowest `beatmap_id` from the set).
+                new SetPanelBackground(manager.GetWorkingBeatmap(beatmapSet.Beatmaps.MinBy(b => b.OnlineID)))
+                {
+                    RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                },
+                new SetPanelContent((CarouselBeatmapSet)Item)
+                {
+                    Depth = float.MinValue,
+                    RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                }
+            }, drawables =>
+            {
+                Header.AddRange(drawables);
+                drawables.ForEach(d => d.FadeInFromZero(150));
+            }, loadCancellation.Token);
+        }
+
        private void updateBeatmapYPositions()
        {
            if (beatmapContainer == null)
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ using osu.Game.Graphics.Sprites;
 using osuTK;
 using osuTK.Graphics;
 using osu.Game.Input.Bindings;
+using osu.Game.Utils;

 namespace osu.Game.Screens.Select
 {
@@ -87,12 +88,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Select
        private void updateMultiplierText() => Schedule(() =>
        {
            double multiplier = Current.Value?.Aggregate(1.0, (current, mod) => current * mod.ScoreMultiplier) ?? 1;
+            MultiplierText.Text = multiplier == 1 ? string.Empty : ModUtils.FormatScoreMultiplier(multiplier);

-            MultiplierText.Text = multiplier.Equals(1.0) ? string.Empty : $"{multiplier:N2}x";
-
-            if (multiplier > 1.0)
+            if (multiplier > 1)
                MultiplierText.FadeColour(highMultiplierColour, 200);
-            else if (multiplier < 1.0)
+            else if (multiplier < 1)
                MultiplierText.FadeColour(lowMultiplierColour, 200);
            else
                MultiplierText.FadeColour(Color4.White, 200);
@@ -146,6 +146,14 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Select
            }
        }

+        public override void OnSuspending(ScreenTransitionEvent e)
+        {
+            // Scores will be refreshed on arriving at this screen.
+            // Clear them to avoid animation overload on returning to song select.
+            playBeatmapDetailArea.Leaderboard.ClearScores();
+            base.OnSuspending(e);
+        }
+
        public override void OnResuming(ScreenTransitionEvent e)
        {
            base.OnResuming(e);
@@ -660,7 +660,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Select

            logo.Action = () =>
            {
-                FinaliseSelection();
+                if (this.IsCurrentScreen())
+                    FinaliseSelection();
                return false;
            };
        }
@@ -79,7 +79,14 @@ namespace osu.Game.Skinning
            marker.Position = fill.Position + new Vector2(fill.DrawWidth, isNewStyle ? fill.DrawHeight / 2 : 0);
        }

-        protected override void Flash() => marker.Flash();
+        protected override void HealthChanged(bool increase)
+        {
+            if (increase)
+                marker.Bulge();
+            base.HealthChanged(increase);
+        }
+
+        protected override void Flash() => marker.Flash(Current.Value >= epic_cutoff);

        private static Texture getTexture(ISkin skin, string name) => skin?.GetTexture($"scorebar-{name}");

@@ -113,19 +120,16 @@ namespace osu.Game.Skinning
                Origin = Anchor.Centre,
            };

-            protected override void LoadComplete()
+            protected override void Update()
            {
-                base.LoadComplete();
+                base.Update();

-                Current.BindValueChanged(hp =>
-                {
-                    if (hp.NewValue < 0.2f)
-                        Main.Texture = superDangerTexture;
-                    else if (hp.NewValue < epic_cutoff)
-                        Main.Texture = dangerTexture;
-                    else
-                        Main.Texture = normalTexture;
-                });
+                if (Current.Value < 0.2f)
+                    Main.Texture = superDangerTexture;
+                else if (Current.Value < epic_cutoff)
+                    Main.Texture = dangerTexture;
+                else
+                    Main.Texture = normalTexture;
            }
        }

@@ -226,37 +230,30 @@ namespace osu.Game.Skinning

            public abstract Sprite CreateSprite();

-            protected override void LoadComplete()
+            public override void Flash(bool isEpic)
            {
-                base.LoadComplete();
-
-                Current.BindValueChanged(val =>
-                {
-                    if (val.NewValue > val.OldValue)
-                        bulgeMain();
-                });
-            }
-
-            public override void Flash()
-            {
-                bulgeMain();
-
-                bool isEpic = Current.Value >= epic_cutoff;
-
+                Bulge();
                explode.Blending = isEpic ? BlendingParameters.Additive : BlendingParameters.Inherit;
                explode.ScaleTo(1).Then().ScaleTo(isEpic ? 2 : 1.6f, 120);
                explode.FadeOutFromOne(120);
            }

-            private void bulgeMain() =>
+            public override void Bulge()
+            {
+                base.Bulge();
                Main.ScaleTo(1.4f).Then().ScaleTo(1, 200, Easing.Out);
+            }
        }

        public partial class LegacyHealthPiece : CompositeDrawable
        {
            public Bindable<double> Current { get; } = new Bindable<double>();

-            public virtual void Flash()
+            public virtual void Bulge()
+            {
+            }
+
+            public virtual void Flash(bool isEpic)
            {
            }
        }
@@ -155,7 +155,15 @@ namespace osu.Game.Skinning
                if (i >= output.Length)
                    break;

-                output[i] = float.Parse(values[i], CultureInfo.InvariantCulture) * (applyScaleFactor ? LegacyManiaSkinConfiguration.POSITION_SCALE_FACTOR : 1);
+                if (!float.TryParse(values[i], NumberStyles.Float, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, out float parsedValue))
+                    // some skins may provide incorrect entries in array values. to match stable behaviour, read such entries as zero.
+                    // see: https://github.com/ppy/osu/issues/26464, stable code: https://github.com/peppy/osu-stable-reference/blob/3ea48705eb67172c430371dcfc8a16a002ed0d3d/osu!/Graphics/Skinning/Components/Section.cs#L134-L137
+                    parsedValue = 0;
+
+                if (applyScaleFactor)
+                    parsedValue *= LegacyManiaSkinConfiguration.POSITION_SCALE_FACTOR;
+
+                output[i] = parsedValue;
            }
        }
    }
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.

 using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using osu.Framework.Allocation;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
@@ -44,10 +45,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Skinning
        [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
        private void load(ISkinSource skin)
        {
-            base.Font = new FontUsage(skin.GetFontPrefix(font), 1, fixedWidth: FixedWidth);
+            string fontPrefix = skin.GetFontPrefix(font);
+            base.Font = new FontUsage(fontPrefix, 1, fixedWidth: FixedWidth);
            Spacing = new Vector2(-skin.GetFontOverlap(font), 0);

-            glyphStore = new LegacyGlyphStore(skin, MaxSizePerGlyph);
+            glyphStore = new LegacyGlyphStore(fontPrefix, skin, MaxSizePerGlyph);
        }

        protected override TextBuilder CreateTextBuilder(ITexturedGlyphLookupStore store) => base.CreateTextBuilder(glyphStore);
@@ -57,25 +59,42 @@ namespace osu.Game.Skinning
            private readonly ISkin skin;
            private readonly Vector2? maxSize;

-            public LegacyGlyphStore(ISkin skin, Vector2? maxSize)
+            private readonly string fontName;
+
+            private readonly Dictionary<char, ITexturedCharacterGlyph?> cache = new Dictionary<char, ITexturedCharacterGlyph?>();
+
+            public LegacyGlyphStore(string fontName, ISkin skin, Vector2? maxSize)
            {
+                this.fontName = fontName;
                this.skin = skin;
                this.maxSize = maxSize;
            }

            public ITexturedCharacterGlyph? Get(string? fontName, char character)
            {
+                // We only service one font.
+                if (fontName != this.fontName)
+                    return null;
+
+                if (cache.TryGetValue(character, out var cached))
+                    return cached;
+
                string lookup = getLookupName(character);

                var texture = skin.GetTexture($"{fontName}-{lookup}");

-                if (texture == null)
-                    return null;
+                TexturedCharacterGlyph? glyph = null;

-                if (maxSize != null)
-                    texture = texture.WithMaximumSize(maxSize.Value);
+                if (texture != null)
+                {
+                    if (maxSize != null)
+                        texture = texture.WithMaximumSize(maxSize.Value);

-                return new TexturedCharacterGlyph(new CharacterGlyph(character, 0, 0, texture.Width, texture.Height, null), texture, 1f / texture.ScaleAdjust);
+                    glyph = new TexturedCharacterGlyph(new CharacterGlyph(character, 0, 0, texture.Width, texture.Height, null), texture, 1f / texture.ScaleAdjust);
+                }
+
+                cache[character] = glyph;
+                return glyph;
            }

            private static string getLookupName(char character)
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More