Merge branch 'master' into pp-dev

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ jobs:
 
   build-only-ios:
     name: Build only (iOS)
-    runs-on: macos-latest
+    runs-on: macos-15
     timeout-minutes: 60
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
@@ -143,7 +143,12 @@ jobs:
           dotnet-version: "8.0.x"
 
       - name: Install .NET Workloads
-        run: dotnet workload install ios --from-rollback-file https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ppy/osu-framework/refs/heads/master/workloads.json
+        run: dotnet workload install ios
+
+      # https://github.com/dotnet/macios/issues/19157
+      # https://github.com/actions/runner-images/issues/12758
+      - name: Use Xcode 16.4
+        run: sudo xcode-select -switch /Applications/Xcode_16.4.app
 
       - name: Build
         run: dotnet build -c Debug osu.iOS.slnf

Directory.Build.props

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
     <RepositoryUrl>https://github.com/ppy/osu</RepositoryUrl>
     <PackageReleaseNotes>Automated release.</PackageReleaseNotes>
     <Company>ppy Pty Ltd</Company>
-    <Copyright>Copyright (c) 2024 ppy Pty Ltd</Copyright>
+    <Copyright>Copyright (c) 2025 ppy Pty Ltd</Copyright>
     <PackageTags>osu game</PackageTags>
   </PropertyGroup>
 </Project>

LICENCE

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-Copyright (c) 2024 ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>.
+Copyright (c) 2025 ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>.
 
 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal

Templates/osu.Game.Templates.csproj

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
     <PackageProjectUrl>https://github.com/ppy/osu/blob/master/Templates</PackageProjectUrl>
     <RepositoryUrl>https://github.com/ppy/osu</RepositoryUrl>
     <PackageReleaseNotes>Automated release.</PackageReleaseNotes>
-    <copyright>Copyright (c) 2024 ppy Pty Ltd</copyright>
+    <copyright>Copyright (c) 2025 ppy Pty Ltd</copyright>
     <Description>Templates to use when creating a ruleset for consumption in osu!.</Description>
     <PackageTags>dotnet-new;templates;osu</PackageTags>
     <TargetFramework>netstandard2.1</TargetFramework>

osu.Android.props

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
     <EmbedAssembliesIntoApk>true</EmbedAssembliesIntoApk>
   </PropertyGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
-    <PackageReference Include="ppy.osu.Framework.Android" Version="2025.704.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="ppy.osu.Framework.Android" Version="2025.903.0" />
   </ItemGroup>
   <PropertyGroup>
     <!-- Fody does not handle Android build well, and warns when unchanged.

osu.Android/OsuGameAndroid.cs

@@ -2,10 +2,12 @@
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
 using System;
+using System.Linq;
 using Android.App;
 using Android.Content.PM;
 using Microsoft.Maui.Devices;
 using osu.Framework.Allocation;
+using osu.Framework.Development;
 using osu.Framework.Extensions.ObjectExtensions;
 using osu.Framework.Platform;
 using osu.Game;
@@ -21,58 +23,30 @@ namespace osu.Android
         [Cached]
         private readonly OsuGameActivity gameActivity;
 
+        private readonly PackageInfo packageInfo;
+
         public override Vector2 ScalingContainerTargetDrawSize => new Vector2(1024, 1024 * DrawHeight / DrawWidth);
 
         public OsuGameAndroid(OsuGameActivity activity)
             : base(null)
         {
             gameActivity = activity;
+            packageInfo = Application.Context.ApplicationContext!.PackageManager!.GetPackageInfo(Application.Context.ApplicationContext.PackageName!, 0).AsNonNull();
         }
 
-        public override Version AssemblyVersion
+        public override string Version
         {
             get
             {
-                var packageInfo = Application.Context.ApplicationContext!.PackageManager!.GetPackageInfo(Application.Context.ApplicationContext.PackageName!, 0).AsNonNull();
+                if (!IsDeployedBuild)
+                    return @"local " + (DebugUtils.IsDebugBuild ? @"debug" : @"release");
 
-                try
-                {
-                    // We store the osu! build number in the "VersionCode" field to better support google play releases.
-                    // If we were to use the main build number, it would require a new submission each time (similar to TestFlight).
-                    // In order to do this, we should split it up and pad the numbers to still ensure sequential increase over time.
-                    //
-                    // We also need to be aware that older SDK versions store this as a 32bit int.
-                    //
-                    // Basic conversion format (as done in Fastfile): 2020.606.0 -> 202006060
-
-                    // https://stackoverflow.com/questions/52977079/android-sdk-28-versioncode-in-packageinfo-has-been-deprecated
-                    string versionName;
-
-                    if (OperatingSystem.IsAndroidVersionAtLeast(28))
-                    {
-                        versionName = packageInfo.LongVersionCode.ToString();
-                        // ensure we only read the trailing portion of long (the part we are interested in).
-                        versionName = versionName.Substring(versionName.Length - 9);
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-#pragma warning disable CS0618 // Type or member is obsolete
-                        // this is required else older SDKs will report missing method exception.
-                        versionName = packageInfo.VersionCode.ToString();
-#pragma warning restore CS0618 // Type or member is obsolete
-                    }
-
-                    // undo play store version garbling (as mentioned above).
-                    return new Version(int.Parse(versionName.Substring(0, 4)), int.Parse(versionName.Substring(4, 4)), int.Parse(versionName.Substring(8, 1)));
-                }
-                catch
-                {
-                }
-
-                return new Version(packageInfo.VersionName.AsNonNull());
+                return packageInfo.VersionName.AsNonNull();
             }
         }
 
+        public override Version AssemblyVersion => new Version(packageInfo.VersionName.AsNonNull().Split('-').First());
+
         protected override void LoadComplete()
         {
             base.LoadComplete();

osu.Desktop/OsuGameDesktop.cs

@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ namespace osu.Desktop
 
         public override bool RestartAppWhenExited()
         {
-            Task.Run(() => Velopack.UpdateExe.Start()).FireAndForget();
+            Task.Run(() => Velopack.UpdateExe.Start(waitPid: (uint)Environment.ProcessId)).FireAndForget();
             return true;
         }
 

osu.Desktop/Program.cs

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ namespace osu.Desktop
             // IMPORTANT DON'T IGNORE: For general sanity, velopack's setup needs to run before anything else.
             // This has bitten us in the rear before (bricked updater), and although the underlying issue from
             // last time has been fixed, let's not tempt fate.
-            setupVelopack();
+            setupVelopack(args);
 
             if (OperatingSystem.IsWindows())
             {
@@ -174,8 +174,21 @@ namespace osu.Desktop
             return false;
         }
 
-        private static void setupVelopack()
+        private static void setupVelopack(string[] args)
         {
+            // Arguments being present indicate the user is either starting the game in a special (aka tournament) mode,
+            // or is running with pending imports via file association or otherwise.
+            //
+            // In both these scenarios, we'd hope the game does not attempt to update.
+            //
+            // Special consideration for velopack startup arguments, which must be handled during update.
+            // See https://docs.velopack.io/integrating/hooks#command-line-hooks.
+            if (args.Length > 0 && !args[0].StartsWith("--velo", StringComparison.Ordinal))
+            {
+                Logger.Log("Handling arguments, skipping velopack setup.");
+                return;
+            }
+
             if (OsuGameDesktop.IsPackageManaged)
             {
                 Logger.Log("Updates are being managed by an external provider. Skipping Velopack setup.");

osu.Desktop/Updater/VelopackUpdateManager.cs

@@ -53,33 +53,44 @@ namespace osu.Desktop.Updater
                 return false;
             }
 
-            IUpdateSource updateSource = new GithubSource(@"https://github.com/ppy/osu", null, ReleaseStream.Value == Game.Configuration.ReleaseStream.Tachyon);
-            Velopack.UpdateManager updateManager = new Velopack.UpdateManager(updateSource, new UpdateOptions
+            try
             {
-                AllowVersionDowngrade = true
-            });
+                IUpdateSource updateSource = new GithubSource(@"https://github.com/ppy/osu", null, ReleaseStream.Value == Game.Configuration.ReleaseStream.Tachyon);
+                Velopack.UpdateManager updateManager = new Velopack.UpdateManager(updateSource, new UpdateOptions
+                {
+                    AllowVersionDowngrade = true
+                });
 
-            UpdateInfo? update = await updateManager.CheckForUpdatesAsync().ConfigureAwait(false);
+                UpdateInfo? update = await updateManager.CheckForUpdatesAsync().ConfigureAwait(false);
 
-            if (cancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested)
+                if (cancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested)
+                {
+                    log("Update check cancelled");
+                    scheduleNextUpdateCheck();
+                    return true;
+                }
+
+                if (update == null)
+                {
+                    // No update is available.
+                    log("No update found");
+                    scheduleNextUpdateCheck();
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                // Download update in the background while notifying awaiters of the update being available.
+                log($"New update available: {update.TargetFullRelease.Version}");
+                downloadUpdate(updateManager, update, cancellationToken);
+                return true;
+            }
+            catch (Exception e)
             {
-                log("Update check cancelled");
+                log($"Update check failed with error ({e.Message})");
+
+                // we shouldn't crash on a web failure. or any failure for the matter.
                 scheduleNextUpdateCheck();
                 return true;
             }
-
-            if (update == null)
-            {
-                // No update is available.
-                log("No update found");
-                scheduleNextUpdateCheck();
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            // Download update in the background while notifying awaiters of the update being available.
-            log($"New update available: {update.TargetFullRelease.Version}");
-            downloadUpdate(updateManager, update, cancellationToken);
-            return true;
         }
 
         private void downloadUpdate(Velopack.UpdateManager updateManager, UpdateInfo update, CancellationToken cancellationToken) => Task.Run(async () =>

osu.Desktop/osu.nuspec

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
         <requireLicenseAcceptance>false</requireLicenseAcceptance>
         <description>A free-to-win rhythm game. Rhythm is just a *click* away!</description>
         <releaseNotes>testing</releaseNotes>
-        <copyright>Copyright (c) 2024 ppy Pty Ltd</copyright>
+        <copyright>Copyright (c) 2025 ppy Pty Ltd</copyright>
         <language>en-AU</language>
     </metadata>
     <files>

osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Tests/CatchRateAdjustedDisplayDifficultyTest.cs

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using NUnit.Framework;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Mods;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Tests
 {
@@ -21,8 +22,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Tests
         {
             var ruleset = new CatchRuleset();
             var difficulty = new BeatmapDifficulty { ApproachRate = originalApproachRate };
+            var beatmapInfo = new BeatmapInfo { Difficulty = difficulty };
 
-            var adjustedDifficulty = ruleset.GetRateAdjustedDisplayDifficulty(difficulty, 1);
+            var adjustedDifficulty = ruleset.GetAdjustedDisplayDifficulty(beatmapInfo, []);
 
             Assert.That(adjustedDifficulty.ApproachRate, Is.EqualTo(originalApproachRate));
         }
@@ -32,8 +34,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Tests
         {
             var ruleset = new CatchRuleset();
             var difficulty = new BeatmapDifficulty();
+            var beatmapInfo = new BeatmapInfo { Difficulty = difficulty };
 
-            var adjustedDifficulty = ruleset.GetRateAdjustedDisplayDifficulty(difficulty, 0.75);
+            var adjustedDifficulty = ruleset.GetAdjustedDisplayDifficulty(beatmapInfo, [new CatchModHalfTime()]);
 
             Assert.That(adjustedDifficulty.ApproachRate, Is.EqualTo(1.67).Within(0.01));
         }
@@ -43,8 +46,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Tests
         {
             var ruleset = new CatchRuleset();
             var difficulty = new BeatmapDifficulty();
+            var beatmapInfo = new BeatmapInfo { Difficulty = difficulty };
 
-            var adjustedDifficulty = ruleset.GetRateAdjustedDisplayDifficulty(difficulty, 1.5);
+            var adjustedDifficulty = ruleset.GetAdjustedDisplayDifficulty(beatmapInfo, [new CatchModDoubleTime()]);
 
             Assert.That(adjustedDifficulty.ApproachRate, Is.EqualTo(7.67).Within(0.01));
         }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Tests/Mods/TestSceneCatchModMovingFast.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using NUnit.Framework;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Mods;
+using osu.Game.Tests.Visual;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Tests.Mods
+{
+    public partial class TestSceneCatchModMovingFast : ModTestScene
+    {
+        protected override Ruleset CreatePlayerRuleset() => new CatchRuleset();
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestMovingFast() => CreateModTest(new ModTestData
+        {
+            Mod = new CatchModMovingFast(),
+            PassCondition = () => true
+        });
+    }
+}

osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch/CatchRuleset.cs

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
+using osu.Framework.Extensions.LocalisationExtensions;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
@@ -11,6 +12,7 @@ using osu.Framework.Localisation;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps.Legacy;
 using osu.Game.Graphics;
+using osu.Game.Localisation;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Beatmaps;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Difficulty;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Edit;
@@ -25,6 +27,7 @@ using osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.UI;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Difficulty;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Edit;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects.Legacy;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Replays.Types;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring.Legacy;
@@ -33,6 +36,7 @@ using osu.Game.Scoring;
 using osu.Game.Screens.Edit.Setup;
 using osu.Game.Screens.Ranking.Statistics;
 using osu.Game.Skinning;
+using osu.Game.Utils;
 using osuTK;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch
@@ -150,6 +154,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch
                         new CatchModFloatingFruits(),
                         new CatchModMuted(),
                         new CatchModNoScope(),
+                        new CatchModMovingFast(),
                     };
 
                 case ModType.System:
@@ -265,9 +270,10 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch
         }
 
         /// <seealso cref="CatchHitObject.ApplyDefaultsToSelf"/>
-        public override BeatmapDifficulty GetRateAdjustedDisplayDifficulty(IBeatmapDifficultyInfo difficulty, double rate)
+        public override BeatmapDifficulty GetAdjustedDisplayDifficulty(IBeatmapInfo beatmapInfo, IReadOnlyCollection<Mod> mods)
         {
-            BeatmapDifficulty adjustedDifficulty = new BeatmapDifficulty(difficulty);
+            BeatmapDifficulty adjustedDifficulty = base.GetAdjustedDisplayDifficulty(beatmapInfo, mods);
+            double rate = ModUtils.CalculateRateWithMods(mods);
 
             double preempt = IBeatmapDifficultyInfo.DifficultyRange(adjustedDifficulty.ApproachRate, CatchHitObject.PREEMPT_MAX, CatchHitObject.PREEMPT_MID, CatchHitObject.PREEMPT_MIN);
             preempt /= rate;
@@ -276,6 +282,33 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch
             return adjustedDifficulty;
         }
 
+        public override IEnumerable<RulesetBeatmapAttribute> GetBeatmapAttributesForDisplay(IBeatmapInfo beatmapInfo, IReadOnlyCollection<Mod> mods)
+        {
+            var originalDifficulty = beatmapInfo.Difficulty;
+            var effectiveDifficulty = GetAdjustedDisplayDifficulty(beatmapInfo, mods);
+
+            yield return new RulesetBeatmapAttribute(SongSelectStrings.CircleSize, @"CS", originalDifficulty.CircleSize, effectiveDifficulty.CircleSize, 10)
+            {
+                Description = "Affects the size of fruits.",
+                AdditionalMetrics =
+                [
+                    new RulesetBeatmapAttribute.AdditionalMetric("Hit circle radius", (CatchHitObject.OBJECT_RADIUS * LegacyRulesetExtensions.CalculateScaleFromCircleSize(effectiveDifficulty.CircleSize)).ToLocalisableString("0.#"))
+                ]
+            };
+            yield return new RulesetBeatmapAttribute(SongSelectStrings.ApproachRate, @"AR", originalDifficulty.ApproachRate, effectiveDifficulty.ApproachRate, 10)
+            {
+                Description = "Affects how early fruits fade in on the screen.",
+                AdditionalMetrics =
+                [
+                    new RulesetBeatmapAttribute.AdditionalMetric("Fade-in time", LocalisableString.Interpolate($@"{IBeatmapDifficultyInfo.DifficultyRange(effectiveDifficulty.ApproachRate, CatchHitObject.PREEMPT_RANGE):#,0.##} ms"))
+                ]
+            };
+            yield return new RulesetBeatmapAttribute(SongSelectStrings.HPDrain, @"HP", originalDifficulty.DrainRate, effectiveDifficulty.DrainRate, 10)
+            {
+                Description = "Affects the harshness of health drain and the health penalties for missing."
+            };
+        }
+
         public override bool EditorShowScrollSpeed => false;
     }
 }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch/Edit/CatchBeatmapVerifier.cs

@@ -18,6 +18,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Edit
             new CheckBananaShowerGap(),
             new CheckConcurrentObjects(),
 
+            // Spread
+            new CheckCatchLowestDiffDrainTime(),
+
             // Settings
             new CheckCatchAbnormalDifficultySettings(),
         };

osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch/Edit/Checks/CheckBananaShowerGap.cs

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Edit.Checks
 
         public IEnumerable<Issue> Run(BeatmapVerifierContext context)
         {
-            var hitObjects = context.Beatmap.HitObjects;
+            var hitObjects = context.CurrentDifficulty.Playable.HitObjects;
             (int expectedStartDelta, int expectedEndDelta) = spinner_delta_threshold[context.InterpretedDifficulty];
 
             for (int i = 0; i < hitObjects.Count - 1; ++i)

osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch/Edit/Checks/CheckCatchAbnormalDifficultySettings.cs

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Edit.Checks
 
         public override IEnumerable<Issue> Run(BeatmapVerifierContext context)
         {
-            var diff = context.Beatmap.Difficulty;
+            var diff = context.CurrentDifficulty.Playable.Difficulty;
             Issue? issue;
 
             if (HasMoreThanOneDecimalPlace("Approach rate", diff.ApproachRate, out issue))

osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch/Edit/Checks/CheckCatchLowestDiffDrainTime.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Edit.Checks;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Edit.Checks
+{
+    public class CheckCatchLowestDiffDrainTime : CheckLowestDiffDrainTime
+    {
+        protected override IEnumerable<(DifficultyRating rating, double thresholdMs, string name)> GetThresholds()
+        {
+            // See lowest difficulty requirements in https://osu.ppy.sh/wiki/en/Ranking_criteria/osu%21catch#general
+            yield return (DifficultyRating.Hard, new TimeSpan(0, 2, 30).TotalMilliseconds, "Platter");
+            yield return (DifficultyRating.Insane, new TimeSpan(0, 3, 15).TotalMilliseconds, "Rain");
+            yield return (DifficultyRating.Expert, new TimeSpan(0, 4, 0).TotalMilliseconds, "Overdose");
+        }
+    }
+}

osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch/Mods/CatchModAutoplay.cs

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
+using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Replays;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods;
@@ -10,6 +12,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Mods
 {
     public class CatchModAutoplay : ModAutoplay
     {
+        public override Type[] IncompatibleMods => base.IncompatibleMods.Concat(new[] { typeof(CatchModMovingFast) }).ToArray();
+
         public override ModReplayData CreateReplayData(IBeatmap beatmap, IReadOnlyList<Mod> mods)
             => new ModReplayData(new CatchAutoGenerator(beatmap).Generate(), new ModCreatedUser { Username = "osu!salad" });
     }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch/Mods/CatchModCinema.cs

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
+using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Objects;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Replays;
@@ -11,6 +13,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Mods
 {
     public class CatchModCinema : ModCinema<CatchHitObject>
     {
+        public override Type[] IncompatibleMods => base.IncompatibleMods.Concat(new[] { typeof(CatchModMovingFast) }).ToArray();
+
         public override ModReplayData CreateReplayData(IBeatmap beatmap, IReadOnlyList<Mod> mods)
             => new ModReplayData(new CatchAutoGenerator(beatmap).Generate(), new ModCreatedUser { Username = "osu!salad" });
     }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch/Mods/CatchModFlashlight.cs

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Mods
 
         public override BindableBool ComboBasedSize { get; } = new BindableBool(true);
 
-        public override float DefaultFlashlightSize => 325;
+        public override float DefaultFlashlightSize => 203.125f;
 
         protected override Flashlight CreateFlashlight() => new CatchFlashlight(this, playfield);
 

osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch/Mods/CatchModFloatingFruits.cs

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
 using osu.Framework.Localisation;
+using osu.Game.Graphics;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Objects;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.UI;
@@ -16,7 +17,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Mods
         public override string Acronym => "FF";
         public override LocalisableString Description => "The fruits are... floating?";
         public override double ScoreMultiplier => 1;
-        public override IconUsage? Icon => FontAwesome.Solid.Cloud;
+        public override IconUsage? Icon => OsuIcon.ModFloatingFruits;
 
         public void ApplyToDrawableRuleset(DrawableRuleset<CatchHitObject> drawableRuleset)
         {

osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch/Mods/CatchModMovingFast.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using System;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
+using osu.Framework.Input.Bindings;
+using osu.Framework.Input.Events;
+using osu.Framework.Localisation;
+using osu.Game.Graphics;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Objects;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.UI;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.UI;
+using osu.Game.Screens.Play;
+using osuTK;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Mods
+{
+    public partial class CatchModMovingFast : Mod, IApplicableToDrawableRuleset<CatchHitObject>, IApplicableToPlayer
+    {
+        public override string Name => "Moving Fast";
+        public override string Acronym => "MF";
+        public override LocalisableString Description => "Dashing by default, slow down!";
+        public override ModType Type => ModType.Fun;
+        public override double ScoreMultiplier => 1;
+        public override IconUsage? Icon => OsuIcon.ModMovingFast;
+        public override Type[] IncompatibleMods => new[] { typeof(ModAutoplay), typeof(ModRelax) };
+
+        private DrawableCatchRuleset drawableRuleset = null!;
+
+        public void ApplyToDrawableRuleset(DrawableRuleset<CatchHitObject> drawableRuleset)
+        {
+            this.drawableRuleset = (DrawableCatchRuleset)drawableRuleset;
+        }
+
+        public void ApplyToPlayer(Player player)
+        {
+            if (!drawableRuleset.HasReplayLoaded.Value)
+            {
+                var catchPlayfield = (CatchPlayfield)drawableRuleset.Playfield;
+                catchPlayfield.Catcher.Dashing = true;
+                catchPlayfield.CatcherArea.Add(new InvertDashInputHelper(catchPlayfield.CatcherArea));
+            }
+        }
+
+        private partial class InvertDashInputHelper : Drawable, IKeyBindingHandler<CatchAction>
+        {
+            private readonly CatcherArea catcherArea;
+
+            public override bool ReceivePositionalInputAt(Vector2 screenSpacePos) => true;
+
+            public InvertDashInputHelper(CatcherArea catcherArea)
+            {
+                this.catcherArea = catcherArea;
+
+                RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both;
+            }
+
+            public bool OnPressed(KeyBindingPressEvent<CatchAction> e)
+            {
+                switch (e.Action)
+                {
+                    case CatchAction.MoveLeft or CatchAction.MoveRight:
+                        break;
+
+                    case CatchAction.Dash:
+                        catcherArea.Catcher.Dashing = false;
+                        return true;
+                }
+
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            public void OnReleased(KeyBindingReleaseEvent<CatchAction> e)
+            {
+                if (e.Action == CatchAction.Dash)
+                    catcherArea.Catcher.Dashing = true;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch/Mods/CatchModRelax.cs

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
+using System;
+using System.Linq;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Input;
 using osu.Framework.Input.Bindings;
@@ -19,6 +21,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Mods
     {
         public override LocalisableString Description => @"Use the mouse to control the catcher.";
 
+        public override Type[] IncompatibleMods => base.IncompatibleMods.Concat(new[] { typeof(CatchModMovingFast) }).ToArray();
+
         private DrawableCatchRuleset drawableRuleset = null!;
 
         public void ApplyToDrawableRuleset(DrawableRuleset<CatchHitObject> drawableRuleset)

osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch/Objects/CatchHitObject.cs

@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Objects
         {
             base.ApplyDefaultsToSelf(controlPointInfo, difficulty);
 
-            TimePreempt = (float)IBeatmapDifficultyInfo.DifficultyRange(difficulty.ApproachRate, PREEMPT_MAX, PREEMPT_MID, PREEMPT_MIN);
+            TimePreempt = (float)IBeatmapDifficultyInfo.DifficultyRange(difficulty.ApproachRate, PREEMPT_RANGE);
 
             Scale = LegacyRulesetExtensions.CalculateScaleFromCircleSize(difficulty.CircleSize);
         }
@@ -203,6 +203,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Objects
         /// </summary>
         public const double PREEMPT_MAX = 1800;
 
+        public static readonly DifficultyRange PREEMPT_RANGE = new DifficultyRange(PREEMPT_MAX, PREEMPT_MID, PREEMPT_MIN);
+
         /// <summary>
         /// The Y position of the hit object is not used in the normal osu!catch gameplay.
         /// It is preserved to maximize the backward compatibility with the legacy editor, in which the mappers use the Y position to organize the patterns.

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests/Editor/Checks/CheckManiaConcurrentObjectsTest.cs

@@ -55,6 +55,16 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests.Editor.Checks
             });
         }
 
+        [Test]
+        public void TestHoldNotesAlmostConcurrentOnSameColumn()
+        {
+            assertAlmostConcurrentSame(new List<HitObject>
+            {
+                createHoldNote(startTime: 100, endTime: 400.75d, column: 1),
+                createHoldNote(startTime: 408, endTime: 700.75d, column: 1)
+            });
+        }
+
         private void assertOk(List<HitObject> hitobjects)
         {
             Assert.That(check.Run(getContext(hitobjects)), Is.Empty);
@@ -65,7 +75,17 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests.Editor.Checks
             var issues = check.Run(getContext(hitobjects)).ToList();
 
             Assert.That(issues, Has.Count.EqualTo(count));
-            Assert.That(issues.All(issue => issue.Template is CheckConcurrentObjects.IssueTemplateConcurrentSame));
+            Assert.That(issues.All(issue => issue.Template is CheckConcurrentObjects.IssueTemplateConcurrent));
+            Assert.That(issues.All(issue => issue.ToString().Contains("s are concurrent here")));
+        }
+
+        private void assertAlmostConcurrentSame(List<HitObject> hitobjects)
+        {
+            var issues = check.Run(getContext(hitobjects)).ToList();
+
+            Assert.That(issues, Has.Count.EqualTo(1));
+            Assert.That(issues.All(issue => issue.Template is CheckConcurrentObjects.IssueTemplateAlmostConcurrent));
+            Assert.That(issues.All(issue => issue.ToString().Contains("s are less than 10ms apart")));
         }
 
         private BeatmapVerifierContext getContext(List<HitObject> hitobjects)

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests/ManiaBeatmapSampleConversionTest.cs

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests
 
         [TestCase("convert-samples")]
         [TestCase("mania-samples")]
+        [TestCase("mania-slider")] // e.g. second and fourth notes of https://osu.ppy.sh/beatmapsets/73883#mania/216407
         [TestCase("slider-convert-samples")]
         public void Test(string name) => base.Test(name);
 
@@ -32,6 +33,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests
                 StartTime = hitObject.StartTime,
                 EndTime = hitObject.GetEndTime(),
                 Column = ((ManiaHitObject)hitObject).Column,
+                PlaySlidingSamples = hitObject is HoldNote holdNote && holdNote.PlaySlidingSamples,
                 Samples = getSampleNames(hitObject.Samples),
                 NodeSamples = getNodeSampleNames((hitObject as HoldNote)?.NodeSamples)
             };
@@ -57,12 +59,14 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests
         public double StartTime;
         public double EndTime;
         public int Column;
+        public bool PlaySlidingSamples;
         public IList<string> Samples;
         public IList<IList<string>> NodeSamples;
 
         public bool Equals(SampleConvertValue other)
             => Precision.AlmostEquals(StartTime, other.StartTime, conversion_lenience)
                && Precision.AlmostEquals(EndTime, other.EndTime, conversion_lenience)
+               && PlaySlidingSamples == other.PlaySlidingSamples
                && samplesEqual(Samples, other.Samples)
                && nodeSamplesEqual(NodeSamples, other.NodeSamples);
 

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests/ManiaFilterCriteriaTest.cs

@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests
         }
 
         [TestCase]
-        public void TestFilterIntersection()
+        public void TestKeysFilterIntersection()
         {
             var criteria = new ManiaFilterCriteria();
             criteria.TryParseCustomKeywordCriteria("keys", Operator.Greater, "4");
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests
         }
 
         [TestCase]
-        public void TestInvalidFilters()
+        public void TestInvalidKeysFilters()
         {
             var criteria = new ManiaFilterCriteria();
 
@@ -183,5 +183,132 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests
             Assert.False(criteria.TryParseCustomKeywordCriteria("keys", Operator.NotEqual, "4,some text"));
             Assert.False(criteria.TryParseCustomKeywordCriteria("keys", Operator.GreaterOrEqual, "4,5,6"));
         }
+
+        [TestCase]
+        public void TestLnsEqual()
+        {
+            var criteria = new ManiaFilterCriteria();
+            var filterCriteria = new FilterCriteria
+            {
+                Ruleset = new ManiaRuleset().RulesetInfo
+            };
+
+            criteria.TryParseCustomKeywordCriteria("lns", Operator.Equal, "0");
+            BeatmapInfo beatmapInfo1 = new BeatmapInfo(new ManiaRuleset().RulesetInfo)
+            {
+                TotalObjectCount = 0,
+                EndTimeObjectCount = 0
+            };
+            Assert.True(criteria.Matches(beatmapInfo1, filterCriteria));
+
+            criteria.TryParseCustomKeywordCriteria("lns", Operator.Equal, "0");
+            BeatmapInfo beatmapInfo2 = new BeatmapInfo(new ManiaRuleset().RulesetInfo)
+            {
+                TotalObjectCount = 100,
+                EndTimeObjectCount = 0
+            };
+            Assert.True(criteria.Matches(beatmapInfo2, filterCriteria));
+
+            criteria.TryParseCustomKeywordCriteria("lns", Operator.Equal, "100");
+            BeatmapInfo beatmapInfo3 = new BeatmapInfo(new ManiaRuleset().RulesetInfo)
+            {
+                TotalObjectCount = 100,
+                EndTimeObjectCount = 100
+            };
+            Assert.True(criteria.Matches(beatmapInfo3, filterCriteria));
+
+            criteria.TryParseCustomKeywordCriteria("lns", Operator.Equal, "1");
+            BeatmapInfo beatmapInfo4 = new BeatmapInfo(new ManiaRuleset().RulesetInfo)
+            {
+                TotalObjectCount = 100,
+                EndTimeObjectCount = 1
+            };
+            Assert.True(criteria.Matches(beatmapInfo4, filterCriteria));
+
+            criteria.TryParseCustomKeywordCriteria("lns", Operator.Equal, "0.1");
+            BeatmapInfo beatmapInfo5 = new BeatmapInfo(new ManiaRuleset().RulesetInfo)
+            {
+                TotalObjectCount = 1000,
+                EndTimeObjectCount = 1
+            };
+            Assert.True(criteria.Matches(beatmapInfo5, filterCriteria));
+        }
+
+        [TestCase]
+        public void TestLnsGreaterOrEqual()
+        {
+            var criteria = new ManiaFilterCriteria();
+            var filterCriteria = new FilterCriteria
+            {
+                Ruleset = new ManiaRuleset().RulesetInfo
+            };
+
+            criteria.TryParseCustomKeywordCriteria("lns", Operator.GreaterOrEqual, "0");
+            BeatmapInfo beatmapInfo1 = new BeatmapInfo(new ManiaRuleset().RulesetInfo)
+            {
+                TotalObjectCount = 0,
+                EndTimeObjectCount = 0
+            };
+            Assert.True(criteria.Matches(beatmapInfo1, filterCriteria));
+
+            criteria.TryParseCustomKeywordCriteria("lns", Operator.GreaterOrEqual, "0");
+            BeatmapInfo beatmapInfo2 = new BeatmapInfo(new ManiaRuleset().RulesetInfo)
+            {
+                TotalObjectCount = 100,
+                EndTimeObjectCount = 0
+            };
+            Assert.True(criteria.Matches(beatmapInfo2, filterCriteria));
+
+            criteria.TryParseCustomKeywordCriteria("lns", Operator.GreaterOrEqual, "100");
+            BeatmapInfo beatmapInfo3 = new BeatmapInfo(new ManiaRuleset().RulesetInfo)
+            {
+                TotalObjectCount = 100,
+                EndTimeObjectCount = 100
+            };
+            Assert.True(criteria.Matches(beatmapInfo3, filterCriteria));
+
+            criteria.TryParseCustomKeywordCriteria("lns", Operator.GreaterOrEqual, "1");
+            BeatmapInfo beatmapInfo4 = new BeatmapInfo(new ManiaRuleset().RulesetInfo)
+            {
+                TotalObjectCount = 100,
+                EndTimeObjectCount = 1
+            };
+            Assert.True(criteria.Matches(beatmapInfo4, filterCriteria));
+
+            criteria.TryParseCustomKeywordCriteria("lns", Operator.GreaterOrEqual, "0.1");
+            BeatmapInfo beatmapInfo5 = new BeatmapInfo(new ManiaRuleset().RulesetInfo)
+            {
+                TotalObjectCount = 1000,
+                EndTimeObjectCount = 1
+            };
+            Assert.True(criteria.Matches(beatmapInfo5, filterCriteria));
+        }
+
+        [TestCase]
+        public void TestLnsNotManiaRuleset()
+        {
+            var criteria = new ManiaFilterCriteria();
+            var filterCriteria = new FilterCriteria
+            {
+                Ruleset = new ManiaRuleset().RulesetInfo
+            };
+
+            criteria.TryParseCustomKeywordCriteria("lns", Operator.LessOrEqual, "100");
+            BeatmapInfo beatmapInfo = new BeatmapInfo
+            {
+                TotalObjectCount = 100,
+                EndTimeObjectCount = 50
+            };
+            Assert.False(criteria.Matches(beatmapInfo, filterCriteria));
+        }
+
+        [TestCase]
+        public void TestInvalidLnsFilters()
+        {
+            var criteria = new ManiaFilterCriteria();
+
+            Assert.False(criteria.TryParseCustomKeywordCriteria("lns", Operator.Equal, "some text"));
+            Assert.False(criteria.TryParseCustomKeywordCriteria("lns", Operator.GreaterOrEqual, "1some text"));
+        }
     }
 }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests/Resources/Testing/Beatmaps/convert-samples-expected-conversion.json

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
       "StartTime": 1000.0,
       "EndTime": 2750.0,
       "Column": 1,
+      "PlaySlidingSamples": true,
       "NodeSamples": [
         ["Gameplay/normal-hitnormal"],
         ["Gameplay/soft-hitnormal"],
@@ -15,6 +16,7 @@
       "StartTime": 1875.0,
       "EndTime": 2750.0,
       "Column": 0,
+      "PlaySlidingSamples": true,
       "NodeSamples": [
         ["Gameplay/soft-hitnormal"],
         ["Gameplay/drum-hitnormal"]

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests/Resources/Testing/Beatmaps/mania-samples-expected-conversion.json

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
       "StartTime": 500.0,
       "EndTime": 1500.0,
       "Column": 0,
+      "PlaySlidingSamples": false,
       "NodeSamples": [
         ["Gameplay/normal-hitnormal"],
         []
@@ -17,6 +18,7 @@
       "StartTime": 2000.0,
       "EndTime": 3000.0,
       "Column": 2,
+      "PlaySlidingSamples": false,
       "NodeSamples": [
         ["Gameplay/drum-hitnormal"],
         []

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests/Resources/Testing/Beatmaps/mania-slider-expected-conversion.json

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+  "Mappings": [{
+    "StartTime": 500.0,
+    "Objects": [{
+      "StartTime": 500.0,
+      "EndTime": 2500,
+      "Column": 2,
+      "PlaySlidingSamples": true,
+      "NodeSamples": [
+        ["Gameplay/soft-hitnormal"],
+        ["Gameplay/soft-hitnormal"],
+        ["Gameplay/soft-hitnormal"],
+        ["Gameplay/soft-hitnormal"]
+      ],
+      "Samples": ["Gameplay/soft-hitnormal"]
+    }]
+  }]
+}

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests/Resources/Testing/Beatmaps/mania-slider.osu

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+osu file format v5
+
+[General]
+StackLeniency: 0.7
+Mode: 3
+
+[Difficulty]
+HPDrainRate:2
+CircleSize:5
+OverallDifficulty:2
+SliderMultiplier:1
+SliderTickRate:2
+
+[Events]
+//Background and Video events
+//Break Periods
+//Storyboard Layer 0 (Background)
+//Storyboard Layer 1 (Failing)
+//Storyboard Layer 2 (Passing)
+//Storyboard Layer 3 (Foreground)
+//Storyboard Sound Samples
+//Background Colour Transformations
+3,100,163,162,255
+
+[TimingPoints]
+355,476.190476190476,4,2,1,60,1,0
+
+[HitObjects]
+256,352,500,2,0,L|256:208,3,140

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests/TestSceneManiaTouchInput.cs

@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests
         private void toggleTouchControls(bool enabled)
         {
             var maniaConfig = (ManiaRulesetConfigManager)RulesetConfigs.GetConfigFor(CreatePlayerRuleset())!;
-            maniaConfig.SetValue(ManiaRulesetSetting.MobileLayout, enabled ? ManiaMobileLayout.LandscapeWithOverlay : ManiaMobileLayout.Portrait);
+            maniaConfig.SetValue(ManiaRulesetSetting.TouchOverlay, enabled);
         }
 
         private ManiaTouchInputArea? getTouchOverlay() => this.ChildrenOfType<ManiaTouchInputArea>().SingleOrDefault();

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests/TestSceneTimingBasedNoteColouring.cs

@@ -47,8 +47,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests
                         drawableRuleset = (DrawableManiaRuleset)Ruleset.Value.CreateInstance().CreateDrawableRulesetWith(createTestBeatmap())
                     }
                 };
-
-                drawableRuleset.AllowBackwardsSeeks = true;
             });
             AddStep("retrieve config bindable", () =>
             {

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Beatmaps/ManiaBeatmapConverter.cs

@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Beatmaps
             }
         }
 
-        public static int GetColumnCount(LegacyBeatmapConversionDifficultyInfo difficulty, IReadOnlyList<Mod>? mods = null)
+        public static int GetColumnCount(LegacyBeatmapConversionDifficultyInfo difficulty, IReadOnlyCollection<Mod>? mods = null)
         {
             var converter = new ManiaBeatmapConverter(null, difficulty, new ManiaRuleset());
 

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Beatmaps/Patterns/Legacy/PassThroughPatternGenerator.cs

@@ -3,8 +3,10 @@
 
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
+using osu.Game.Beatmaps.Legacy;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Objects;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects.Legacy;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects.Types;
 using osu.Game.Utils;
 
@@ -30,12 +32,18 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Beatmaps.Patterns.Legacy
 
             if (HitObject is IHasDuration endTimeData)
             {
+                // despite the beatmap originally being made for mania, if the object is parsed as a slider rather than a hold, sliding samples should still be played.
+                // this is seemingly only possible to achieve by modifying the .osu file directly, but online beatmaps that do that exist
+                // (see second and fourth notes of https://osu.ppy.sh/beatmapsets/73883#mania/216407)
+                bool playSlidingSamples = (HitObject is IHasLegacyHitObjectType hasType && hasType.LegacyType == LegacyHitObjectType.Slider) || HitObject is IHasPath;
+
                 pattern.Add(new HoldNote
                 {
                     StartTime = HitObject.StartTime,
                     Duration = endTimeData.Duration,
                     Column = column,
                     Samples = HitObject.Samples,
+                    PlaySlidingSamples = playSlidingSamples,
                     NodeSamples = (HitObject as IHasRepeats)?.NodeSamples ?? HoldNote.CreateDefaultNodeSamples(HitObject)
                 });
             }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Beatmaps/Patterns/Legacy/SliderPatternGenerator.cs

@@ -521,6 +521,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Beatmaps.Patterns.Legacy
                     Duration = endTime - startTime,
                     Column = column,
                     Samples = HitObject.Samples,
+                    PlaySlidingSamples = true,
                     NodeSamples = nodeSamplesAt(startTime)
                 };
             }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Configuration/ManiaRulesetConfigManager.cs

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Configuration
         public ManiaRulesetConfigManager(SettingsStore? settings, RulesetInfo ruleset, int? variant = null)
             : base(settings, ruleset, variant)
         {
+            Migrate();
         }
 
         protected override void InitialiseDefaults()
@@ -24,6 +25,20 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Configuration
             SetDefault(ManiaRulesetSetting.ScrollDirection, ManiaScrollingDirection.Down);
             SetDefault(ManiaRulesetSetting.TimingBasedNoteColouring, false);
             SetDefault(ManiaRulesetSetting.MobileLayout, ManiaMobileLayout.Portrait);
+            SetDefault(ManiaRulesetSetting.TouchOverlay, false);
+        }
+
+        public void Migrate()
+        {
+            var mobileLayout = GetBindable<ManiaMobileLayout>(ManiaRulesetSetting.MobileLayout);
+
+#pragma warning disable CS0618 // Type or member is obsolete
+            if (mobileLayout.Value == ManiaMobileLayout.LandscapeWithOverlay)
+#pragma warning restore CS0618 // Type or member is obsolete
+            {
+                mobileLayout.Value = ManiaMobileLayout.Landscape;
+                SetValue(ManiaRulesetSetting.TouchOverlay, true);
+            }
         }
 
         public override TrackedSettings CreateTrackedSettings() => new TrackedSettings
@@ -44,5 +59,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Configuration
         ScrollDirection,
         TimingBasedNoteColouring,
         MobileLayout,
+        TouchOverlay,
     }
 }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Edit/Checks/CheckKeyCount.cs

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Edit.Checks
 
         public IEnumerable<Issue> Run(BeatmapVerifierContext context)
         {
-            var diff = context.Beatmap.Difficulty;
+            var diff = context.CurrentDifficulty.Playable.Difficulty;
 
             if (diff.CircleSize < 4)
             {

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Edit/Checks/CheckManiaAbnormalDifficultySettings.cs

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Edit.Checks
 
         public override IEnumerable<Issue> Run(BeatmapVerifierContext context)
         {
-            var diff = context.Beatmap.Difficulty;
+            var diff = context.CurrentDifficulty.Playable.Difficulty;
             Issue? issue;
 
             if (HasMoreThanOneDecimalPlace("Overall difficulty", diff.OverallDifficulty, out issue))

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Edit/Checks/CheckManiaConcurrentObjects.cs

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Edit.Checks
     {
         public override IEnumerable<Issue> Run(BeatmapVerifierContext context)
         {
-            var hitObjects = context.Beatmap.HitObjects;
+            var hitObjects = context.CurrentDifficulty.Playable.HitObjects;
 
             for (int i = 0; i < hitObjects.Count - 1; ++i)
             {
@@ -28,14 +28,18 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Edit.Checks
                         continue;
 
                     // Two hitobjects cannot be concurrent without also being concurrent with all objects in between.
-                    // So if the next object is not concurrent, then we know no future objects will be either.
-                    if (!AreConcurrent(hitobject, nextHitobject))
+                    // So if the next object is not concurrent or almost concurrent, then we know no future objects will be either.
+                    if (!AreConcurrent(hitobject, nextHitobject) && !AreAlmostConcurrent(hitobject, nextHitobject))
                         break;
 
-                    if (hitobject.GetType() == nextHitobject.GetType())
-                        yield return new IssueTemplateConcurrentSame(this).Create(hitobject, nextHitobject);
-                    else
-                        yield return new IssueTemplateConcurrentDifferent(this).Create(hitobject, nextHitobject);
+                    if (AreConcurrent(hitobject, nextHitobject))
+                    {
+                        yield return new IssueTemplateConcurrent(this).Create(hitobject, nextHitobject);
+                    }
+                    else if (AreAlmostConcurrent(hitobject, nextHitobject))
+                    {
+                        yield return new IssueTemplateAlmostConcurrent(this).Create(hitobject, nextHitobject);
+                    }
                 }
             }
         }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Edit/Checks/CheckManiaLowestDiffDrainTime.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Edit.Checks;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Edit.Checks
+{
+    public class CheckManiaLowestDiffDrainTime : CheckLowestDiffDrainTime
+    {
+        protected override IEnumerable<(DifficultyRating rating, double thresholdMs, string name)> GetThresholds()
+        {
+            // See lowest difficulty requirements in https://osu.ppy.sh/wiki/en/Ranking_criteria/osu%21mania#rules
+            yield return (DifficultyRating.Hard, new TimeSpan(0, 2, 30).TotalMilliseconds, "Hard");
+            yield return (DifficultyRating.Insane, new TimeSpan(0, 2, 45).TotalMilliseconds, "Insane");
+            yield return (DifficultyRating.Expert, new TimeSpan(0, 3, 30).TotalMilliseconds, "Expert");
+        }
+    }
+}

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Edit/ManiaBeatmapVerifier.cs

@@ -16,6 +16,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Edit
             // Compose
             new CheckManiaConcurrentObjects(),
 
+            // Spread
+            new CheckManiaLowestDiffDrainTime(),
+
             // Settings
             new CheckKeyCount(),
             new CheckManiaAbnormalDifficultySettings(),

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/ManiaFilterCriteria.cs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
+using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
 using osu.Framework.Bindables;
@@ -19,12 +20,16 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania
     public class ManiaFilterCriteria : IRulesetFilterCriteria
     {
         private readonly HashSet<int> includedKeyCounts = Enumerable.Range(1, LegacyBeatmapDecoder.MAX_MANIA_KEY_COUNT).ToHashSet();
+        private FilterCriteria.OptionalRange<float> longNotePercentage;
 
         public bool Matches(BeatmapInfo beatmapInfo, FilterCriteria criteria)
         {
             int keyCount = ManiaBeatmapConverter.GetColumnCount(LegacyBeatmapConversionDifficultyInfo.FromBeatmapInfo(beatmapInfo), criteria.Mods);
 
-            return includedKeyCounts.Contains(keyCount);
+            bool keyCountMatch = includedKeyCounts.Contains(keyCount);
+            bool longNotePercentageMatch = !longNotePercentage.HasFilter || (!isConvertedBeatmap(beatmapInfo) && longNotePercentage.IsInRange(calculateLongNotePercentage(beatmapInfo)));
+
+            return keyCountMatch && longNotePercentageMatch;
         }
 
         public bool TryParseCustomKeywordCriteria(string key, Operator op, string strValues)
@@ -84,6 +89,10 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania
                             return false;
                     }
                 }
+
+                case "ln":
+                case "lns":
+                    return FilterQueryParser.TryUpdateCriteriaRange(ref longNotePercentage, op, strValues);
             }
 
             return false;
@@ -103,5 +112,18 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania
 
             return false;
         }
+
+        private static bool isConvertedBeatmap(BeatmapInfo beatmapInfo)
+        {
+            return !beatmapInfo.Ruleset.Equals(new ManiaRuleset().RulesetInfo);
+        }
+
+        private static float calculateLongNotePercentage(BeatmapInfo beatmapInfo)
+        {
+            int holdNotes = beatmapInfo.EndTimeObjectCount;
+            int totalNotes = Math.Max(1, beatmapInfo.TotalObjectCount);
+
+            return holdNotes / (float)totalNotes * 100;
+        }
     }
 }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/ManiaMobileLayout.cs

@@ -1,20 +1,25 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
+using System;
 using osu.Framework.Localisation;
 using osu.Game.Localisation;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Configuration;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania
 {
     public enum ManiaMobileLayout
     {
-        [LocalisableDescription(typeof(RulesetSettingsStrings), nameof(RulesetSettingsStrings.PortraitExpandedColumns))]
+        [LocalisableDescription(typeof(RulesetSettingsStrings), nameof(RulesetSettingsStrings.Portrait))]
         Portrait,
 
-        [LocalisableDescription(typeof(RulesetSettingsStrings), nameof(RulesetSettingsStrings.LandscapeExpandedColumns))]
+        [LocalisableDescription(typeof(RulesetSettingsStrings), nameof(RulesetSettingsStrings.Landscape))]
         Landscape,
 
-        [LocalisableDescription(typeof(RulesetSettingsStrings), nameof(RulesetSettingsStrings.LandscapeTouchOverlay))]
+        [LocalisableDescription(typeof(RulesetSettingsStrings), nameof(RulesetSettingsStrings.LandscapeExpandedColumns))]
+        LandscapeExpandedColumns,
+
+        [Obsolete($"Use {nameof(ManiaRulesetSetting.TouchOverlay)} instead.")] // todo: can be removed 20260211
         LandscapeWithOverlay,
     }
 }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/ManiaRuleset.cs

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
+using osu.Framework.Extensions;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
 using osu.Framework.Input.Bindings;
@@ -12,6 +13,7 @@ using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps.Legacy;
 using osu.Game.Configuration;
 using osu.Game.Graphics;
+using osu.Game.Localisation;
 using osu.Game.Overlays.Settings;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Configuration;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Difficulty;
@@ -414,6 +416,70 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania
             }), true)
         };
 
+        /// <seealso cref="ManiaHitWindows"/>
+        public override BeatmapDifficulty GetAdjustedDisplayDifficulty(IBeatmapInfo beatmapInfo, IReadOnlyCollection<Mod> mods)
+        {
+            BeatmapDifficulty adjustedDifficulty = base.GetAdjustedDisplayDifficulty(beatmapInfo, mods);
+
+            // notably, in mania, hit windows are designed to be independent of track playback rate (see `ManiaHitWindows.SpeedMultiplier`).
+            // *however*, to not make matters *too* simple, mania Hard Rock and Easy differ from all other rulesets
+            // in that they apply multipliers *to hit window durations directly* rather than to the Overall Difficulty attribute itself.
+            // because the duration of hit window durations as a function of OD is not a linear function,
+            // this means that multiplying the OD is *not* the same thing as multiplying the hit window duration.
+            // in fact, the second operation is *much* harsher and will produce values much farther outside of normal operating range
+            // (even negative in the case of Easy).
+            // stable handles this wrong on song select and just assumes that it can handle mania EZ / HR the same way as all other rulesets.
+
+            double perfectHitWindow = IBeatmapDifficultyInfo.DifficultyRange(adjustedDifficulty.OverallDifficulty, ManiaHitWindows.PERFECT_WINDOW_RANGE);
+
+            if (mods.Any(m => m is ManiaModHardRock))
+                perfectHitWindow /= ManiaModHardRock.HIT_WINDOW_DIFFICULTY_MULTIPLIER;
+            else if (mods.Any(m => m is ManiaModEasy))
+                perfectHitWindow /= ManiaModEasy.HIT_WINDOW_DIFFICULTY_MULTIPLIER;
+
+            adjustedDifficulty.OverallDifficulty = (float)IBeatmapDifficultyInfo.InverseDifficultyRange(perfectHitWindow, ManiaHitWindows.PERFECT_WINDOW_RANGE);
+            adjustedDifficulty.CircleSize = ManiaBeatmapConverter.GetColumnCount(LegacyBeatmapConversionDifficultyInfo.FromBeatmapInfo(beatmapInfo), mods);
+
+            return adjustedDifficulty;
+        }
+
+        public override IEnumerable<RulesetBeatmapAttribute> GetBeatmapAttributesForDisplay(IBeatmapInfo beatmapInfo, IReadOnlyCollection<Mod> mods)
+        {
+            // a special touch-up of key count is required to the original difficulty, since key conversion mods are not `IApplicableToDifficulty`
+            var originalDifficulty = new BeatmapDifficulty(beatmapInfo.Difficulty)
+            {
+                CircleSize = ManiaBeatmapConverter.GetColumnCount(LegacyBeatmapConversionDifficultyInfo.FromBeatmapInfo(beatmapInfo), [])
+            };
+            var adjustedDifficulty = GetAdjustedDisplayDifficulty(beatmapInfo, mods);
+            var colours = new OsuColour();
+
+            yield return new RulesetBeatmapAttribute(SongSelectStrings.KeyCount, @"KC", originalDifficulty.CircleSize, adjustedDifficulty.CircleSize, 18)
+            {
+                Description = "Affects the number of key columns on the playfield."
+            };
+
+            var hitWindows = new ManiaHitWindows();
+            hitWindows.SetDifficulty(adjustedDifficulty.OverallDifficulty);
+            hitWindows.IsConvert = !beatmapInfo.Ruleset.Equals(RulesetInfo);
+            hitWindows.ClassicModActive = mods.Any(m => m is ManiaModClassic);
+            yield return new RulesetBeatmapAttribute(SongSelectStrings.Accuracy, @"OD", originalDifficulty.OverallDifficulty, adjustedDifficulty.OverallDifficulty, 10)
+            {
+                Description = "Affects timing requirements for notes.",
+                AdditionalMetrics = hitWindows.GetAllAvailableWindows()
+                                              .Reverse()
+                                              .Select(window => new RulesetBeatmapAttribute.AdditionalMetric(
+                                                  $"{window.result.GetDescription().ToUpperInvariant()} hit window",
+                                                  LocalisableString.Interpolate($@"±{hitWindows.WindowFor(window.result):0.##} ms"),
+                                                  colours.ForHitResult(window.result)
+                                              )).ToArray()
+            };
+
+            yield return new RulesetBeatmapAttribute(SongSelectStrings.HPDrain, @"HP", originalDifficulty.DrainRate, adjustedDifficulty.DrainRate, 10)
+            {
+                Description = "Affects the harshness of health drain and the health penalties for missing."
+            };
+        }
+
         public override IRulesetFilterCriteria CreateRulesetFilterCriteria()
         {
             return new ManiaFilterCriteria();

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/ManiaSettingsSubsection.cs

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
+using System;
+using System.Linq;
 using osu.Framework;
 using osu.Framework.Allocation;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
@@ -48,12 +50,21 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania
                 },
             };
 
+            Add(new SettingsCheckbox
+            {
+                LabelText = RulesetSettingsStrings.TouchOverlay,
+                Current = config.GetBindable<bool>(ManiaRulesetSetting.TouchOverlay)
+            });
+
             if (RuntimeInfo.IsMobile)
             {
                 Add(new SettingsEnumDropdown<ManiaMobileLayout>
                 {
                     LabelText = RulesetSettingsStrings.MobileLayout,
                     Current = config.GetBindable<ManiaMobileLayout>(ManiaRulesetSetting.MobileLayout),
+#pragma warning disable CS0618 // Type or member is obsolete
+                    Items = Enum.GetValues<ManiaMobileLayout>().Where(l => l != ManiaMobileLayout.LandscapeWithOverlay),
+#pragma warning restore CS0618 // Type or member is obsolete
                 });
             }
         }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Mods/ManiaKeyMod.cs

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Mods
         public override string Acronym => Name;
         public abstract int KeyCount { get; }
         public override ModType Type => ModType.Conversion;
-        public override double ScoreMultiplier => 1; // TODO: Implement the mania key mod score multiplier
+        public override double ScoreMultiplier => 0.9;
         public override bool Ranked => UsesDefaultConfiguration;
 
         public void ApplyToBeatmapConverter(IBeatmapConverter beatmapConverter)

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Mods/ManiaModConstantSpeed.cs

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
 using osu.Framework.Localisation;
 using osu.Game.Configuration;
+using osu.Game.Graphics;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Objects;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.UI;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods;
@@ -21,7 +22,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Mods
 
         public override LocalisableString Description => "No more tricky speed changes!";
 
-        public override IconUsage? Icon => FontAwesome.Solid.Equals;
+        public override IconUsage? Icon => OsuIcon.ModConstantSpeed;
 
         public override ModType Type => ModType.Conversion;
 

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Mods/ManiaModCover.cs

@@ -4,8 +4,10 @@
 using System;
 using System.Linq;
 using osu.Framework.Bindables;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
 using osu.Framework.Localisation;
 using osu.Game.Configuration;
+using osu.Game.Graphics;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.UI;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Mods
@@ -14,6 +16,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Mods
     {
         public override string Name => "Cover";
         public override string Acronym => "CO";
+        public override IconUsage? Icon => OsuIcon.ModCover;
 
         public override LocalisableString Description => @"Decrease the playfield's viewing area.";
 

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Mods/ManiaModDualStages.cs

@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
 using osu.Framework.Localisation;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
+using osu.Game.Graphics;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Beatmaps;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods;
 
@@ -13,6 +15,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Mods
         public override string Name => "Dual Stages";
         public override string Acronym => "DS";
         public override LocalisableString Description => @"Double the stages, double the fun!";
+        public override IconUsage? Icon => OsuIcon.ModDualStages;
         public override ModType Type => ModType.Conversion;
         public override double ScoreMultiplier => 1;
 

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Mods/ManiaModEasy.cs

@@ -13,19 +13,19 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Mods
     {
         public override LocalisableString Description => @"More forgiving HP drain, less accuracy required, and extra lives!";
 
+        public const double HIT_WINDOW_DIFFICULTY_MULTIPLIER = 1 / 1.4;
+
         void IApplicableToHitObject.ApplyToHitObject(HitObject hitObject)
         {
-            const double multiplier = 1 / 1.4;
-
             switch (hitObject)
             {
                 case Note:
-                    ((ManiaHitWindows)hitObject.HitWindows).DifficultyMultiplier = multiplier;
+                    ((ManiaHitWindows)hitObject.HitWindows).DifficultyMultiplier = HIT_WINDOW_DIFFICULTY_MULTIPLIER;
                     break;
 
                 case HoldNote hold:
-                    ((ManiaHitWindows)hold.Head.HitWindows).DifficultyMultiplier = multiplier;
-                    ((ManiaHitWindows)hold.Tail.HitWindows).DifficultyMultiplier = multiplier;
+                    ((ManiaHitWindows)hold.Head.HitWindows).DifficultyMultiplier = HIT_WINDOW_DIFFICULTY_MULTIPLIER;
+                    ((ManiaHitWindows)hold.Tail.HitWindows).DifficultyMultiplier = HIT_WINDOW_DIFFICULTY_MULTIPLIER;
                     break;
             }
         }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Mods/ManiaModFadeIn.cs

@@ -3,7 +3,9 @@
 
 using System;
 using System.Linq;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
 using osu.Framework.Localisation;
+using osu.Game.Graphics;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.UI;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Mods
@@ -12,6 +14,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Mods
     {
         public override string Name => "Fade In";
         public override string Acronym => "FI";
+        public override IconUsage? Icon => OsuIcon.ModFadeIn;
         public override LocalisableString Description => @"Keys appear out of nowhere!";
         public override double ScoreMultiplier => 1;
         public override bool ValidForFreestyleAsRequiredMod => false;

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Mods/ManiaModHardRock.cs

@@ -13,19 +13,19 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Mods
         public override double ScoreMultiplier => 1;
         public override bool Ranked => false;
 
+        public const double HIT_WINDOW_DIFFICULTY_MULTIPLIER = 1.4;
+
         void IApplicableToHitObject.ApplyToHitObject(HitObject hitObject)
         {
-            const double multiplier = 1.4;
-
             switch (hitObject)
             {
                 case Note:
-                    ((ManiaHitWindows)hitObject.HitWindows).DifficultyMultiplier = multiplier;
+                    ((ManiaHitWindows)hitObject.HitWindows).DifficultyMultiplier = HIT_WINDOW_DIFFICULTY_MULTIPLIER;
                     break;
 
                 case HoldNote hold:
-                    ((ManiaHitWindows)hold.Head.HitWindows).DifficultyMultiplier = multiplier;
-                    ((ManiaHitWindows)hold.Tail.HitWindows).DifficultyMultiplier = multiplier;
+                    ((ManiaHitWindows)hold.Head.HitWindows).DifficultyMultiplier = HIT_WINDOW_DIFFICULTY_MULTIPLIER;
+                    ((ManiaHitWindows)hold.Tail.HitWindows).DifficultyMultiplier = HIT_WINDOW_DIFFICULTY_MULTIPLIER;
                     break;
             }
         }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Mods/ManiaModHoldOff.cs

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using osu.Framework.Localisation;
+using osu.Game.Graphics;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Beatmaps;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Mods
@@ -23,7 +24,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Mods
 
         public override LocalisableString Description => @"Replaces all hold notes with normal notes.";
 
-        public override IconUsage? Icon => FontAwesome.Solid.DotCircle;
+        public override IconUsage? Icon => OsuIcon.ModHoldOff;
 
         public override ModType Type => ModType.Conversion;
 

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Mods/ManiaModInvert.cs

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
 using osu.Framework.Localisation;
 using osu.Game.Audio;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
+using osu.Game.Graphics;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Beatmaps;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Objects;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods;
@@ -23,7 +24,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Mods
 
         public override LocalisableString Description => "Hold the keys. To the beat.";
 
-        public override IconUsage? Icon => FontAwesome.Solid.YinYang;
+        public override IconUsage? Icon => OsuIcon.ModInvert;
 
         public override ModType Type => ModType.Conversion;
 
@@ -63,6 +64,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Mods
                         StartTime = locations[i].startTime,
                         Duration = duration,
                         NodeSamples = new List<IList<HitSampleInfo>> { locations[i].samples, Array.Empty<HitSampleInfo>() }
+                        // intentionally don't play sliding samples here, it doesn't work in this mod.
                     });
                 }
 

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Mods/ManiaModKey1.cs

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
 using osu.Framework.Localisation;
+using osu.Game.Graphics;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Mods
 {
@@ -10,6 +12,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Mods
         public override int KeyCount => 1;
         public override string Name => "One Key";
         public override string Acronym => "1K";
+        public override IconUsage? Icon => OsuIcon.ModOneKey;
         public override LocalisableString Description => @"Play with one key.";
         public override bool Ranked => false;
     }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Mods/ManiaModKey10.cs

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
 using osu.Framework.Localisation;
+using osu.Game.Graphics;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Mods
 {
@@ -10,6 +12,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Mods
         public override int KeyCount => 10;
         public override string Name => "Ten Keys";
         public override string Acronym => "10K";
+        public override IconUsage? Icon => OsuIcon.ModTenKeys;
         public override LocalisableString Description => @"Play with ten keys.";
         public override bool Ranked => false;
     }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Mods/ManiaModKey2.cs

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
 using osu.Framework.Localisation;
+using osu.Game.Graphics;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Mods
 {
@@ -10,6 +12,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Mods
         public override int KeyCount => 2;
         public override string Name => "Two Keys";
         public override string Acronym => "2K";
+        public override IconUsage? Icon => OsuIcon.ModTwoKeys;
         public override LocalisableString Description => @"Play with two keys.";
         public override bool Ranked => false;
     }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Mods/ManiaModKey3.cs

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
 using osu.Framework.Localisation;
+using osu.Game.Graphics;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Mods
 {
@@ -10,6 +12,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Mods
         public override int KeyCount => 3;
         public override string Name => "Three Keys";
         public override string Acronym => "3K";
+        public override IconUsage? Icon => OsuIcon.ModThreeKeys;
         public override LocalisableString Description => @"Play with three keys.";
         public override bool Ranked => false;
     }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Mods/ManiaModKey4.cs

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
 using osu.Framework.Localisation;
+using osu.Game.Graphics;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Mods
 {
@@ -10,6 +12,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Mods
         public override int KeyCount => 4;
         public override string Name => "Four Keys";
         public override string Acronym => "4K";
+        public override IconUsage? Icon => OsuIcon.ModFourKeys;
         public override LocalisableString Description => @"Play with four keys.";
     }
 }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Mods/ManiaModKey5.cs

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
 using osu.Framework.Localisation;
+using osu.Game.Graphics;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Mods
 {
@@ -10,6 +12,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Mods
         public override int KeyCount => 5;
         public override string Name => "Five Keys";
         public override string Acronym => "5K";
+        public override IconUsage? Icon => OsuIcon.ModFiveKeys;
         public override LocalisableString Description => @"Play with five keys.";
     }
 }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Mods/ManiaModKey6.cs

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
 using osu.Framework.Localisation;
+using osu.Game.Graphics;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Mods
 {
@@ -10,6 +12,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Mods
         public override int KeyCount => 6;
         public override string Name => "Six Keys";
         public override string Acronym => "6K";
+        public override IconUsage? Icon => OsuIcon.ModSixKeys;
         public override LocalisableString Description => @"Play with six keys.";
     }
 }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Mods/ManiaModKey7.cs

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
 using osu.Framework.Localisation;
+using osu.Game.Graphics;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Mods
 {
@@ -10,6 +12,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Mods
         public override int KeyCount => 7;
         public override string Name => "Seven Keys";
         public override string Acronym => "7K";
+        public override IconUsage? Icon => OsuIcon.ModSevenKeys;
         public override LocalisableString Description => @"Play with seven keys.";
     }
 }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Mods/ManiaModKey8.cs

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
 using osu.Framework.Localisation;
+using osu.Game.Graphics;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Mods
 {
@@ -10,6 +12,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Mods
         public override int KeyCount => 8;
         public override string Name => "Eight Keys";
         public override string Acronym => "8K";
+        public override IconUsage? Icon => OsuIcon.ModEightKeys;
         public override LocalisableString Description => @"Play with eight keys.";
     }
 }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Mods/ManiaModKey9.cs

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
 using osu.Framework.Localisation;
+using osu.Game.Graphics;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Mods
 {
@@ -10,6 +12,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Mods
         public override int KeyCount => 9;
         public override string Name => "Nine Keys";
         public override string Acronym => "9K";
+        public override IconUsage? Icon => OsuIcon.ModNineKeys;
         public override LocalisableString Description => @"Play with nine keys.";
     }
 }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Mods/ManiaModNoRelease.cs

@@ -4,8 +4,10 @@
 using System;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Threading;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
 using osu.Framework.Localisation;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
+using osu.Game.Graphics;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Beatmaps;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Objects;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Objects.Drawables;
@@ -26,6 +28,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Mods
 
         public override double ScoreMultiplier => 0.9;
 
+        public override IconUsage? Icon => OsuIcon.ModNoRelease;
+
         public override ModType Type => ModType.DifficultyReduction;
 
         public override Type[] IncompatibleMods => new[] { typeof(ManiaModHoldOff) };
@@ -80,7 +84,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Mods
                 StartTime = hold.StartTime;
                 Duration = hold.Duration;
                 Column = hold.Column;
+                Samples = hold.Samples;
                 NodeSamples = hold.NodeSamples;
+                PlaySlidingSamples = hold.PlaySlidingSamples;
             }
 
             protected override void CreateNestedHitObjects(CancellationToken cancellationToken)

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Objects/Drawables/DrawableHoldNote.cs

@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Objects.Drawables
 
         private void updateSlidingSample(ValueChangedEvent<bool> tracking)
         {
-            if (tracking.NewValue)
+            if (tracking.NewValue && HitObject.PlaySlidingSamples)
                 slidingSample?.Play();
             else
                 slidingSample?.Stop();

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Objects/HoldNote.cs

@@ -86,6 +86,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Objects
         /// </summary>
         public HoldNoteBody Body { get; protected set; }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Whether sliding samples should be played when held.
+        /// </summary>
+        public bool PlaySlidingSamples { get; init; }
+
         public override double MaximumJudgementOffset => Tail.MaximumJudgementOffset;
 
         protected override void CreateNestedHitObjects(CancellationToken cancellationToken)

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Scoring/ManiaHitWindows.cs

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Scoring
 {
     public class ManiaHitWindows : HitWindows
     {
-        private static readonly DifficultyRange perfect_window_range = new DifficultyRange(22.4D, 19.4D, 13.9D);
+        public static readonly DifficultyRange PERFECT_WINDOW_RANGE = new DifficultyRange(22.4D, 19.4D, 13.9D);
         private static readonly DifficultyRange great_window_range = new DifficultyRange(64, 49, 34);
         private static readonly DifficultyRange good_window_range = new DifficultyRange(97, 82, 67);
         private static readonly DifficultyRange ok_window_range = new DifficultyRange(127, 112, 97);
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Scoring
             }
             else
             {
-                perfect = Math.Floor(IBeatmapDifficultyInfo.DifficultyRange(overallDifficulty, perfect_window_range) * totalMultiplier) + 0.5;
+                perfect = Math.Floor(IBeatmapDifficultyInfo.DifficultyRange(overallDifficulty, PERFECT_WINDOW_RANGE) * totalMultiplier) + 0.5;
                 great = Math.Floor(IBeatmapDifficultyInfo.DifficultyRange(overallDifficulty, great_window_range) * totalMultiplier) + 0.5;
                 good = Math.Floor(IBeatmapDifficultyInfo.DifficultyRange(overallDifficulty, good_window_range) * totalMultiplier) + 0.5;
                 ok = Math.Floor(IBeatmapDifficultyInfo.DifficultyRange(overallDifficulty, ok_window_range) * totalMultiplier) + 0.5;

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/UI/Column.cs

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.UI
 
         public readonly Bindable<Color4> AccentColour = new Bindable<Color4>(Color4.Black);
 
-        private IBindable<ManiaMobileLayout> mobilePlayStyle = null!;
+        private IBindable<bool> touchOverlay = null!;
 
         private float leftColumnSpacing;
         private float rightColumnSpacing;
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.UI
             RegisterPool<HoldNoteBody, DrawableHoldNoteBody>(10, 50);
 
             if (rulesetConfig != null)
-                mobilePlayStyle = rulesetConfig.GetBindable<ManiaMobileLayout>(ManiaRulesetSetting.MobileLayout);
+                touchOverlay = rulesetConfig.GetBindable<bool>(ManiaRulesetSetting.TouchOverlay);
         }
 
         private void onSourceChanged()
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.UI
         protected override bool OnTouchDown(TouchDownEvent e)
         {
             // if touch overlay is visible, disallow columns from handling touch directly.
-            if (mobilePlayStyle.Value == ManiaMobileLayout.LandscapeWithOverlay)
+            if (touchOverlay.Value)
                 return false;
 
             maniaInputManager?.KeyBindingContainer.TriggerPressed(Action.Value);

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/UI/ColumnFlow.cs

@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.UI
         {
             float mobileAdjust = 1f;
 
-            if (RuntimeInfo.IsMobile && mobileLayout.Value == ManiaMobileLayout.Landscape)
+            if (RuntimeInfo.IsMobile && mobileLayout.Value == ManiaMobileLayout.LandscapeExpandedColumns)
             {
                 // GridContainer+CellContainer containing this stage (gets split up for dual stages).
                 Vector2? containingCell = this.FindClosestParent<Stage>()?.Parent?.DrawSize;

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/UI/DrawableManiaRuleset.cs

@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.UI
         private readonly Bindable<ManiaScrollingDirection> configDirection = new Bindable<ManiaScrollingDirection>();
         private readonly BindableDouble configScrollSpeed = new BindableDouble();
         private readonly Bindable<ManiaMobileLayout> mobileLayout = new Bindable<ManiaMobileLayout>();
+        private readonly Bindable<bool> touchOverlay = new Bindable<bool>();
 
         public double TargetTimeRange { get; protected set; }
 
@@ -122,24 +123,23 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.UI
 
             Config.BindWith(ManiaRulesetSetting.MobileLayout, mobileLayout);
             mobileLayout.BindValueChanged(_ => updateMobileLayout(), true);
+
+            Config.BindWith(ManiaRulesetSetting.TouchOverlay, touchOverlay);
+            touchOverlay.BindValueChanged(_ => updateMobileLayout(), true);
         }
 
         private ManiaTouchInputArea? touchInputArea;
 
         private void updateMobileLayout()
         {
-            switch (mobileLayout.Value)
+            if (touchOverlay.Value)
+                KeyBindingInputManager.Add(touchInputArea = new ManiaTouchInputArea(this));
+            else
             {
-                case ManiaMobileLayout.LandscapeWithOverlay:
-                    KeyBindingInputManager.Add(touchInputArea = new ManiaTouchInputArea(this));
-                    break;
+                if (touchInputArea != null)
+                    KeyBindingInputManager.Remove(touchInputArea, true);
 
-                default:
-                    if (touchInputArea != null)
-                        KeyBindingInputManager.Remove(touchInputArea, true);
-
-                    touchInputArea = null;
-                    break;
+                touchInputArea = null;
             }
         }
 

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/VariantMappingGenerator.cs

@@ -42,13 +42,22 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania
             var bindings = new List<KeyBinding>();
 
             for (int i = LeftKeys.Length - columns / 2; i < LeftKeys.Length; i++)
-                bindings.Add(new KeyBinding(LeftKeys[i], currentAction++));
+            {
+                bindings.Add(new KeyBinding(LeftKeys[i], currentAction));
+                bindings.Add(new KeyBinding(InputKey.None, currentAction++));
+            }
 
             if (columns % 2 == 1)
-                bindings.Add(new KeyBinding(SpecialKey, currentAction++));
+            {
+                bindings.Add(new KeyBinding(SpecialKey, currentAction));
+                bindings.Add(new KeyBinding(InputKey.None, currentAction++));
+            }
 
             for (int i = 0; i < columns / 2; i++)
-                bindings.Add(new KeyBinding(RightKeys[i], currentAction++));
+            {
+                bindings.Add(new KeyBinding(RightKeys[i], currentAction));
+                bindings.Add(new KeyBinding(InputKey.None, currentAction++));
+            }
 
             return bindings;
         }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests/Editor/TestSceneOsuEditorGrids.cs

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ using osu.Framework.Utils;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Edit;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Edit;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Edit.Blueprints.HitCircles;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Edit.Blueprints.Sliders;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects;
 using osu.Game.Screens.Edit.Compose.Components;
 using osu.Game.Tests.Visual;
@@ -284,5 +285,70 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests.Editor
                        && Precision.AlmostEquals(composer.GridLineRotation.Value, 0.09, 0.01);
             });
         }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestGridPlacementCommittedByDragSelection()
+        {
+            AddStep("add circle", () => EditorBeatmap.Add(new HitCircle
+            {
+                Position = new Vector2(64, 64),
+                StartTime = EditorClock.CurrentTime,
+            }));
+
+            AddStep("select circle tool", () => InputManager.Key(Key.Number2));
+            AddStep("select grid tool", () => InputManager.Key(Key.Number5));
+            AddStep("move cursor to centre", () => InputManager.MoveMouseTo(Editor));
+            AddStep("click", () => InputManager.Click(MouseButton.Left));
+            AddStep("move cursor to (-1, -1)", () =>
+            {
+                var composer = Editor.ChildrenOfType<RectangularPositionSnapGrid>().Single();
+                InputManager.MoveMouseTo(composer.ToScreenSpace(new Vector2(-1, -1)));
+            });
+            AddStep("drag to center", () =>
+            {
+                InputManager.PressButton(MouseButton.Left);
+                InputManager.MoveMouseTo(Editor);
+            });
+            AddStep("release left", () => InputManager.ReleaseButton(MouseButton.Left));
+
+            AddAssert("one selection", () => Editor.ChildrenOfType<OsuSelectionHandler>().Single().SelectedBlueprints, () => Has.One.Items);
+            AddAssert("selection is circle", () => Editor.ChildrenOfType<OsuSelectionHandler>().Single().SelectedBlueprints.Single(), Is.TypeOf<HitCircleSelectionBlueprint>);
+
+            AddStep("move cursor to slider", () =>
+            {
+                var composer = Editor.ChildrenOfType<RectangularPositionSnapGrid>().Single();
+                InputManager.MoveMouseTo(composer.ToScreenSpace(((Slider)EditorBeatmap.HitObjects.ElementAt(1)).EndPosition + new Vector2(1, 1)));
+            });
+            AddStep("click", () => InputManager.Click(MouseButton.Left));
+
+            AddAssert("one selection", () => Editor.ChildrenOfType<OsuSelectionHandler>().Single().SelectedBlueprints, () => Has.One.Items);
+            AddAssert("selection is slider", () => Editor.ChildrenOfType<OsuSelectionHandler>().Single().SelectedBlueprints.Single(), Is.TypeOf<SliderSelectionBlueprint>);
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestGridPlacementRevertsToLastTool()
+        {
+            AddStep("select circle tool", () => InputManager.Key(Key.Number2));
+            AddStep("select grid tool", () => InputManager.Key(Key.Number5));
+            AddStep("move cursor to centre", () => InputManager.MoveMouseTo(Editor));
+            AddStep("start grid placement", () => InputManager.Click(MouseButton.Left));
+            AddStep("end grid placement", () => InputManager.Click(MouseButton.Left));
+            AddAssert("tool reverted to circle", () => getComposer().BlueprintContainer.CurrentTool, Is.TypeOf<HitCircleCompositionTool>);
+
+            HitObjectComposer getComposer() => Editor.ChildrenOfType<HitObjectComposer>().Single();
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestGridPlacementDoesNotOverrideToolChange()
+        {
+            AddStep("select circle tool", () => InputManager.Key(Key.Number2));
+            AddStep("select grid tool", () => InputManager.Key(Key.Number5));
+            AddStep("move cursor to centre", () => InputManager.MoveMouseTo(Editor));
+            AddStep("start grid placement", () => InputManager.Click(MouseButton.Left));
+            AddStep("select circle tool again", () => InputManager.Key(Key.Number2));
+            AddAssert("circle tool selected", () => getComposer().BlueprintContainer.CurrentTool, Is.TypeOf<HitCircleCompositionTool>);
+
+            HitObjectComposer getComposer() => Editor.ChildrenOfType<HitObjectComposer>().Single();
+        }
     }
 }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests/Mods/TestSceneOsuModFlashlight.cs

@@ -32,26 +32,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests.Mods
         [Test]
         public void TestComboBasedSize([Values] bool comboBasedSize) => CreateModTest(new ModTestData { Mod = new OsuModFlashlight { ComboBasedSize = { Value = comboBasedSize } }, PassCondition = () => true });
 
-        [Test]
-        public void TestPlayfieldBasedSize()
-        {
-            OsuModFlashlight flashlight;
-            CreateModTest(new ModTestData
-            {
-                Mods = [flashlight = new OsuModFlashlight(), new OsuModBarrelRoll()],
-                PassCondition = () =>
-                {
-                    var flashlightOverlay = Player.DrawableRuleset.Overlays
-                                                  .ChildrenOfType<ModFlashlight<OsuHitObject>.Flashlight>()
-                                                  .First();
-
-                    // the combo check is here because the flashlight radius decreases for the first time at 100 combo
-                    // and hardcoding it here eliminates the need to meddle in flashlight internals further by e.g. exposing `GetComboScaleFor()`
-                    return flashlightOverlay.GetSize() < flashlight.DefaultFlashlightSize && Player.GameplayState.ScoreProcessor.Combo.Value < 100;
-                }
-            });
-        }
-
         [Test]
         public void TestSliderDimsOnlyAfterStartTime()
         {

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests/OsuRateAdjustedDisplayDifficultyTest.cs

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using NUnit.Framework;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Mods;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests
 {
@@ -21,8 +22,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests
         {
             var ruleset = new OsuRuleset();
             var difficulty = new BeatmapDifficulty { ApproachRate = originalApproachRate };
+            var beatmapInfo = new BeatmapInfo { Difficulty = difficulty };
 
-            var adjustedDifficulty = ruleset.GetRateAdjustedDisplayDifficulty(difficulty, 1);
+            var adjustedDifficulty = ruleset.GetAdjustedDisplayDifficulty(beatmapInfo, []);
 
             Assert.That(adjustedDifficulty.ApproachRate, Is.EqualTo(originalApproachRate));
         }
@@ -32,8 +34,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests
         {
             var ruleset = new OsuRuleset();
             var difficulty = new BeatmapDifficulty { OverallDifficulty = originalOverallDifficulty };
+            var beatmapInfo = new BeatmapInfo { Difficulty = difficulty };
 
-            var adjustedDifficulty = ruleset.GetRateAdjustedDisplayDifficulty(difficulty, 1);
+            var adjustedDifficulty = ruleset.GetAdjustedDisplayDifficulty(beatmapInfo, []);
 
             Assert.That(adjustedDifficulty.OverallDifficulty, Is.EqualTo(originalOverallDifficulty));
         }
@@ -43,8 +46,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests
         {
             var ruleset = new OsuRuleset();
             var difficulty = new BeatmapDifficulty();
+            var beatmapInfo = new BeatmapInfo { Difficulty = difficulty };
 
-            var adjustedDifficulty = ruleset.GetRateAdjustedDisplayDifficulty(difficulty, 0.75);
+            var adjustedDifficulty = ruleset.GetAdjustedDisplayDifficulty(beatmapInfo, [new OsuModHalfTime()]);
 
             Assert.That(adjustedDifficulty.ApproachRate, Is.EqualTo(1.67).Within(0.01));
             Assert.That(adjustedDifficulty.OverallDifficulty, Is.EqualTo(2.22).Within(0.01));
@@ -55,8 +59,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests
         {
             var ruleset = new OsuRuleset();
             var difficulty = new BeatmapDifficulty();
+            var beatmapInfo = new BeatmapInfo { Difficulty = difficulty };
 
-            var adjustedDifficulty = ruleset.GetRateAdjustedDisplayDifficulty(difficulty, 1.5);
+            var adjustedDifficulty = ruleset.GetAdjustedDisplayDifficulty(beatmapInfo, [new OsuModDoubleTime()]);
 
             Assert.That(adjustedDifficulty.ApproachRate, Is.EqualTo(7.67).Within(0.01));
             Assert.That(adjustedDifficulty.OverallDifficulty, Is.EqualTo(7.77).Within(0.01));

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests/TestSceneAimErrorMeter.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using System;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics;
+using osu.Framework.Testing;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Shapes;
+using osu.Game.Tests.Visual;
+using osuTK;
+using osuTK.Graphics;
+using osu.Framework.Input.Events;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Judgements;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects;
+using NUnit.Framework;
+using osu.Framework.Extensions.ObjectExtensions;
+using osu.Framework.Utils;
+using osu.Framework.Threading;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.HUD;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests
+{
+    public partial class TestSceneAimErrorMeter : OsuManualInputManagerTestScene
+    {
+        private DependencyProvidingContainer dependencyContainer = null!;
+        private ScoreProcessor scoreProcessor = null!;
+
+        private TestAimErrorMeter aimErrorMeter = null!;
+
+        private CircularContainer gameObject = null!;
+
+        private ScheduledDelegate? automaticAdditionDelegate;
+
+        protected override void LoadComplete()
+        {
+            base.LoadComplete();
+
+            AddSliderStep("Hit marker size", 0f, 12f, 7f, t =>
+            {
+                if (aimErrorMeter.IsNotNull())
+                    aimErrorMeter.HitMarkerSize.Value = t;
+            });
+            AddSliderStep("Average position marker size", 1f, 25f, 7f, t =>
+            {
+                if (aimErrorMeter.IsNotNull())
+                    aimErrorMeter.AverageMarkerSize.Value = t;
+            });
+        }
+
+        [SetUpSteps]
+        public void SetupSteps() => AddStep("Create components", () =>
+        {
+            automaticAdditionDelegate?.Cancel();
+            automaticAdditionDelegate = null;
+
+            var ruleset = new OsuRuleset();
+
+            scoreProcessor = new ScoreProcessor(ruleset);
+            Child = dependencyContainer = new DependencyProvidingContainer
+            {
+                RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                CachedDependencies = new (Type, object)[]
+                {
+                    (typeof(ScoreProcessor), scoreProcessor)
+                }
+            };
+            dependencyContainer.Children = new Drawable[]
+            {
+                aimErrorMeter = new TestAimErrorMeter
+                {
+                    Margin = new MarginPadding
+                    {
+                        Top = 100
+                    },
+                    Anchor = Anchor.TopCentre,
+                    Origin = Anchor.TopCentre,
+                    Scale = new Vector2(2),
+                },
+
+                gameObject = new CircularContainer
+                {
+                    Size = new Vector2(2 * OsuHitObject.OBJECT_RADIUS),
+                    Position = new Vector2(256, 192),
+                    Colour = Color4.Yellow,
+                    Masking = true,
+                    BorderThickness = 2,
+                    BorderColour = Color4.White,
+                    Children = new Drawable[]
+                    {
+                        new Box
+                        {
+                            RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                            Alpha = 0,
+                            AlwaysPresent = true
+                        },
+                        new Circle
+                        {
+                            Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                            Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                            Size = new Vector2(4),
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            };
+        });
+
+        protected override bool OnMouseDown(MouseDownEvent e)
+        {
+            // the division by 2 is because CS=5 applies a 0.5x (plus fudge) multiplier to `OBJECT_RADIUS`
+            aimErrorMeter.AddPoint((gameObject.ToLocalSpace(e.ScreenSpaceMouseDownPosition) - new Vector2(OsuHitObject.OBJECT_RADIUS)) / 2);
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestManyHitPointsAutomatic()
+        {
+            AddStep("add scheduled delegate", () =>
+            {
+                automaticAdditionDelegate = Scheduler.AddDelayed(() =>
+                {
+                    var randomPos = new Vector2(
+                        RNG.NextSingle(0, 2 * OsuHitObject.OBJECT_RADIUS),
+                        RNG.NextSingle(0, 2 * OsuHitObject.OBJECT_RADIUS));
+
+                    aimErrorMeter.AddPoint(randomPos - new Vector2(OsuHitObject.OBJECT_RADIUS));
+                    InputManager.MoveMouseTo(gameObject.ToScreenSpace(randomPos));
+                }, 1, true);
+            });
+            AddWaitStep("wait for some hit points", 10);
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestDisplayStyles()
+        {
+            AddStep("Switch hit position marker style to +", () => aimErrorMeter.HitMarkerStyle.Value = AimErrorMeter.MarkerStyle.Plus);
+            AddStep("Switch hit position marker style to x", () => aimErrorMeter.HitMarkerStyle.Value = AimErrorMeter.MarkerStyle.X);
+            AddStep("Switch average position marker style to +", () => aimErrorMeter.AverageMarkerStyle.Value = AimErrorMeter.MarkerStyle.Plus);
+            AddStep("Switch average position marker style to x", () => aimErrorMeter.AverageMarkerStyle.Value = AimErrorMeter.MarkerStyle.X);
+
+            AddStep("Switch position display to absolute", () => aimErrorMeter.PositionDisplayStyle.Value = AimErrorMeter.PositionDisplay.Absolute);
+            AddStep("Switch position display to relative", () => aimErrorMeter.PositionDisplayStyle.Value = AimErrorMeter.PositionDisplay.Normalised);
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestManualPlacement()
+        {
+            AddStep("return user input", () => InputManager.UseParentInput = true);
+        }
+
+        private partial class TestAimErrorMeter : AimErrorMeter
+        {
+            public void AddPoint(Vector2 position)
+            {
+                OnNewJudgement(new OsuHitCircleJudgementResult(new HitCircle(), new OsuJudgement())
+                {
+                    CursorPositionAtHit = position
+                });
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests/TestSceneDrawableJudgementSliderTicks.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using System.Linq;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
+using osu.Framework.Testing;
+using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
+using osu.Game.Beatmaps.ControlPoints;
+using osu.Game.Graphics.Sprites;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Judgements;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects.Drawables;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.UI;
+using osuTK;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests
+{
+    public partial class TestSceneDrawableJudgementSliderTicks : OsuSkinnableTestScene
+    {
+        private bool classic;
+        private readonly JudgementPooler<DrawableOsuJudgement>[] judgementPools;
+
+        public TestSceneDrawableJudgementSliderTicks()
+        {
+            judgementPools = new JudgementPooler<DrawableOsuJudgement>[Rows * Cols];
+        }
+
+        protected override void LoadComplete()
+        {
+            base.LoadComplete();
+
+            int cellIndex = 0;
+
+            SetContents(_ =>
+            {
+                var container = new Container
+                {
+                    RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                    Children = new Drawable[]
+                    {
+                        judgementPools[cellIndex] = new JudgementPooler<DrawableOsuJudgement>(new[]
+                        {
+                            HitResult.Great,
+                            HitResult.Miss,
+                            HitResult.LargeTickHit,
+                            HitResult.SliderTailHit,
+                            HitResult.LargeTickMiss,
+                            HitResult.IgnoreMiss,
+                        }),
+                        new GridContainer
+                        {
+                            Padding = new MarginPadding { Top = 26f },
+                            RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                            RowDimensions = new[] { new Dimension(GridSizeMode.AutoSize) },
+                            ColumnDimensions = new[] { new Dimension(GridSizeMode.AutoSize) },
+                            Content =
+                                new[]
+                                {
+                                    new[]
+                                    {
+                                        Empty(),
+                                        new OsuSpriteText
+                                        {
+                                            Text = "hit",
+                                            Anchor = Anchor.BottomCentre,
+                                            Origin = Anchor.BottomCentre,
+                                        },
+                                        new OsuSpriteText
+                                        {
+                                            Text = "miss",
+                                            Anchor = Anchor.BottomCentre,
+                                            Origin = Anchor.BottomCentre,
+                                        },
+                                    },
+                                }.Concat(new[]
+                                {
+                                    "head",
+                                    "tick",
+                                    "repeat",
+                                    "tail",
+                                    "slider",
+                                }.Select(label => new Drawable[]
+                                {
+                                    new OsuSpriteText
+                                    {
+                                        Text = label,
+                                        Anchor = Anchor.CentreRight,
+                                        Origin = Anchor.CentreRight,
+                                    },
+                                    new Container<DrawableOsuJudgement> { RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both },
+                                    new Container<DrawableOsuJudgement> { RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both },
+                                })).ToArray(),
+                        },
+                    },
+                };
+
+                cellIndex++;
+
+                return container;
+            });
+
+            AddToggleStep("Toggle classic behaviour", c => classic = c);
+
+            AddStep("Show judgements", createAllJudgements);
+        }
+
+        private void createAllJudgements()
+        {
+            for (int cellIndex = 0; cellIndex < Rows * Cols; cellIndex++)
+            {
+                var slider = new Slider { StartTime = Time.Current, ClassicSliderBehaviour = classic };
+                slider.ApplyDefaults(new ControlPointInfo(), new BeatmapDifficulty());
+
+                var drawableHitObjects = new DrawableOsuHitObject[]
+                {
+                    new DrawableSliderHead(new SliderHeadCircle { StartTime = Time.Current, ClassicSliderBehaviour = classic }),
+                    new DrawableSliderTick(new SliderTick { StartTime = Time.Current }),
+                    new DrawableSliderRepeat(new SliderRepeat(slider) { StartTime = Time.Current }),
+                    new DrawableSliderTail(new SliderTailCircle(slider) { StartTime = Time.Current, ClassicSliderBehaviour = classic }),
+                    new DrawableSlider(slider),
+                };
+
+                var containers = Cell(cellIndex).ChildrenOfType<Container<DrawableOsuJudgement>>().ToArray();
+
+                for (int i = 0; i < drawableHitObjects.Length; i++)
+                {
+                    createJudgement(judgementPools[cellIndex], containers[i * 2], drawableHitObjects[i], true);
+                    createJudgement(judgementPools[cellIndex], containers[i * 2 + 1], drawableHitObjects[i], false);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void createJudgement(JudgementPooler<DrawableOsuJudgement> pool, Container<DrawableOsuJudgement> container, DrawableOsuHitObject drawableHitObject, bool hit)
+        {
+            container.Clear(false);
+
+            if (!drawableHitObject.DisplayResult)
+                return;
+
+            var hitObject = drawableHitObject.HitObject;
+            var result = new OsuJudgementResult(hitObject, hitObject.Judgement)
+            {
+                Type = hit ? hitObject.Judgement.MaxResult : hitObject.Judgement.MinResult,
+            };
+
+            var judgement = pool.Get(result.Type, d =>
+            {
+                d.Anchor = Anchor.Centre;
+                d.Origin = Anchor.Centre;
+                d.Scale = new Vector2(0.7f);
+                d.Apply(result, null);
+            });
+
+            if (judgement != null)
+                container.Add(judgement);
+        }
+    }
+}

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests/TestSceneLegacyHitPolicy.cs

@@ -475,7 +475,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests
             performTest(hitObjects, new List<ReplayFrame>
             {
                 new OsuReplayFrame { Time = time_stack_start - 450, Position = new Vector2(55), Actions = { OsuAction.LeftButton } },
-            });
+            }, extraMods: [new OsuModNoFail()]);
 
             addClickActionAssert(0, ClickAction.Ignore);
         }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests/TestSceneSpinnerRotation.cs

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ using osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring;
 using osu.Game.Scoring;
 using osu.Game.Screens.Play;
 using osu.Game.Storyboards;
+using osu.Game.Tests;
 using osu.Game.Tests.Visual;
 using osuTK;
 
@@ -152,6 +153,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests
         }
 
         [Test]
+        [FlakyTest]
         public void TestSpinPerMinuteOnRewind()
         {
             double estimatedSpm = 0;

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Edit/Blueprints/GridPlacementBlueprint.cs

@@ -36,9 +36,10 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Edit.Blueprints
 
             base.EndPlacement(commit);
 
-            // You typically only place the grid once, so we switch back to the last tool after placement.
-            if (commit && hitObjectComposer is OsuHitObjectComposer osuHitObjectComposer)
-                osuHitObjectComposer.SetLastTool();
+            // You typically only place the grid once, so we switch back to the last tool after placement -
+            // but only if the tool hasn't changed from under us (which is possible, as external tool changes will commit any ongoing placements, including this one)
+            if (commit && hitObjectComposer?.BlueprintContainer.CurrentTool is GridFromPointsTool)
+                hitObjectComposer.SetLastTool();
         }
 
         protected override bool OnClick(ClickEvent e)

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Edit/Checks/CheckLowDiffOverlaps.cs

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Edit.Checks
             if (context.InterpretedDifficulty > DifficultyRating.Easy)
                 yield break;
 
-            var hitObjects = context.Beatmap.HitObjects;
+            var hitObjects = context.CurrentDifficulty.Playable.HitObjects;
 
             for (int i = 0; i < hitObjects.Count - 1; ++i)
             {

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Edit/Checks/CheckOffscreenObjects.cs

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Edit.Checks
 
         public IEnumerable<Issue> Run(BeatmapVerifierContext context)
         {
-            foreach (var hitobject in context.Beatmap.HitObjects)
+            foreach (var hitobject in context.CurrentDifficulty.Playable.HitObjects)
             {
                 switch (hitobject)
                 {

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Edit/Checks/CheckOsuAbnormalDifficultySettings.cs

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Edit.Checks
 
         public override IEnumerable<Issue> Run(BeatmapVerifierContext context)
         {
-            var diff = context.Beatmap.Difficulty;
+            var diff = context.CurrentDifficulty.Playable.Difficulty;
             Issue? issue;
 
             if (HasMoreThanOneDecimalPlace("Approach rate", diff.ApproachRate, out issue))

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Edit/Checks/CheckOsuLowestDiffDrainTime.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Edit.Checks;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Edit.Checks
+{
+    public class CheckOsuLowestDiffDrainTime : CheckLowestDiffDrainTime
+    {
+        protected override IEnumerable<(DifficultyRating rating, double thresholdMs, string name)> GetThresholds()
+        {
+            // See lowest difficulty requirements in https://osu.ppy.sh/wiki/en/Ranking_criteria/osu%21#general
+            yield return (DifficultyRating.Hard, new TimeSpan(0, 3, 30).TotalMilliseconds, "Hard");
+            yield return (DifficultyRating.Insane, new TimeSpan(0, 4, 15).TotalMilliseconds, "Insane");
+            yield return (DifficultyRating.Expert, new TimeSpan(0, 5, 0).TotalMilliseconds, "Expert");
+        }
+    }
+}

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Edit/Checks/CheckTimeDistanceEquality.cs

@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Edit.Checks
                 yield break;
 
             var prevObservedTimeDistances = new List<ObservedTimeDistance>();
-            var hitObjects = context.Beatmap.HitObjects;
+            var hitObjects = context.CurrentDifficulty.Playable.HitObjects;
 
             for (int i = 0; i < hitObjects.Count - 1; ++i)
             {

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Edit/Checks/CheckTooShortSliders.cs

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Edit.Checks
             if (context.InterpretedDifficulty > DifficultyRating.Easy)
                 yield break;
 
-            foreach (var hitObject in context.Beatmap.HitObjects)
+            foreach (var hitObject in context.CurrentDifficulty.Playable.HitObjects)
             {
                 if (hitObject is Slider slider && slider.SpanDuration < span_duration_threshold)
                     yield return new IssueTemplateTooShort(this).Create(slider);

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Edit/Checks/CheckTooShortSpinners.cs

@@ -19,14 +19,14 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Edit.Checks
 
         public IEnumerable<Issue> Run(BeatmapVerifierContext context)
         {
-            double od = context.Beatmap.Difficulty.OverallDifficulty;
+            double od = context.CurrentDifficulty.Playable.Difficulty.OverallDifficulty;
 
             // These are meant to reflect the duration necessary for auto to score at least 1000 points on the spinner.
             // It's difficult to eliminate warnings here, as auto achieving 1000 points depends on the approach angle on some spinners.
             double warningThreshold = 500 + (od < 5 ? (5 - od) * -21.8 : (od - 5) * 20); // Anything above this is always ok.
             double problemThreshold = 450 + (od < 5 ? (5 - od) * -17 : (od - 5) * 17); // Anything below this is never ok.
 
-            foreach (var hitObject in context.Beatmap.HitObjects)
+            foreach (var hitObject in context.CurrentDifficulty.Playable.HitObjects)
             {
                 if (!(hitObject is Spinner spinner))
                     continue;

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Edit/OsuBeatmapVerifier.cs

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Edit
             new CheckTimeDistanceEquality(),
             new CheckLowDiffOverlaps(),
             new CheckTooShortSliders(),
+            new CheckOsuLowestDiffDrainTime(),
 
             // Settings
             new CheckOsuAbnormalDifficultySettings(),

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Edit/PreciseMovementPopover.cs

@@ -176,6 +176,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Edit
 
         private void applyPosition()
         {
+            // can happen if popover is dismissed by a keyboard key press while dragging UI controls
+            // it doesn't cause a crash, but it looks wrong
+            if (!editorBeatmap.TransactionActive)
+                return;
+
             editorBeatmap.PerformOnSelection(ho =>
             {
                 if (!initialPositions.TryGetValue(ho, out var initialPosition))

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Edit/PreciseRotationPopover.cs

@@ -157,6 +157,10 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Edit
 
             rotationInfo.BindValueChanged(rotation =>
             {
+                // can happen if the popover is dismissed by a keyboard key press while dragging UI controls
+                if (!rotationHandler.OperationInProgress.Value)
+                    return;
+
                 rotationHandler.Update(rotation.NewValue.Degrees, getOriginPosition(rotation.NewValue));
             });
         }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Edit/PreciseScalePopover.cs

@@ -220,6 +220,10 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Edit
 
             scaleInfo.BindValueChanged(scale =>
             {
+                // can happen if the popover is dismissed by a keyboard key press while dragging UI controls
+                if (!scaleHandler.OperationInProgress.Value)
+                    return;
+
                 var newScale = new Vector2(scale.NewValue.Scale, scale.NewValue.Scale);
                 scaleHandler.Update(newScale, getOriginPosition(scale.NewValue), getAdjustAxis(scale.NewValue), getRotation(scale.NewValue));
             });

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/HUD/AimErrorMeter.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,475 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using System.ComponentModel;
+using System.Linq;
+using osu.Framework.Allocation;
+using osu.Framework.Bindables;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Pooling;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Shapes;
+using osu.Framework.Localisation;
+using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
+using osu.Game.Configuration;
+using osu.Game.Graphics;
+using osu.Game.Graphics.Containers;
+using osu.Game.Localisation.HUD;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Judgements;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects.Legacy;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Judgements;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Statistics;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring;
+using osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD.HitErrorMeters;
+using osuTK;
+using osuTK.Graphics;
+using Container = osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers.Container;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.HUD
+{
+    [Cached]
+    public partial class AimErrorMeter : HitErrorMeter
+    {
+        [SettingSource(typeof(AimErrorMeterStrings), nameof(AimErrorMeterStrings.HitMarkerSize), nameof(AimErrorMeterStrings.HitMarkerSizeDescription))]
+        public BindableNumber<float> HitMarkerSize { get; } = new BindableNumber<float>(7f)
+        {
+            MinValue = 0f,
+            MaxValue = 12f,
+            Precision = 1f
+        };
+
+        [SettingSource(typeof(AimErrorMeterStrings), nameof(AimErrorMeterStrings.HitMarkerStyle), nameof(AimErrorMeterStrings.HitMarkerStyleDescription))]
+        public Bindable<MarkerStyle> HitMarkerStyle { get; } = new Bindable<MarkerStyle>();
+
+        [SettingSource(typeof(AimErrorMeterStrings), nameof(AimErrorMeterStrings.AverageMarkerSize), nameof(AimErrorMeterStrings.AverageMarkerSizeDescription))]
+        public BindableNumber<float> AverageMarkerSize { get; } = new BindableNumber<float>(12f)
+        {
+            MinValue = 7f,
+            MaxValue = 25f,
+            Precision = 1f
+        };
+
+        [SettingSource(typeof(AimErrorMeterStrings), nameof(AimErrorMeterStrings.AverageMarkerStyle), nameof(AimErrorMeterStrings.AverageMarkerStyleDescription))]
+        public Bindable<MarkerStyle> AverageMarkerStyle { get; } = new Bindable<MarkerStyle>(MarkerStyle.Plus);
+
+        [SettingSource(typeof(AimErrorMeterStrings), nameof(AimErrorMeterStrings.PositionDisplayStyle), nameof(AimErrorMeterStrings.PositionDisplayStyleDescription))]
+        public Bindable<PositionDisplay> PositionDisplayStyle { get; } = new Bindable<PositionDisplay>();
+
+        // used for calculate relative position.
+        private Vector2? lastObjectPosition;
+
+        private Container averagePositionMarker = null!;
+        private Container averagePositionMarkerRotationContainer = null!;
+        private Vector2? averagePosition;
+
+        private readonly DrawablePool<HitPositionMarker> hitPositionPool = new DrawablePool<HitPositionMarker>(30);
+        private Container hitPositionMarkerContainer = null!;
+
+        private Container arrowBackgroundContainer = null!;
+        private UprightAspectMaintainingContainer rotateFixedContainer = null!;
+        private Container mainContainer = null!;
+
+        private float objectRadius;
+
+        private const int max_concurrent_judgements = 30;
+
+        private const float line_thickness = 2;
+        private const float inner_portion = 0.85f;
+
+        [Resolved]
+        private OsuColour colours { get; set; } = null!;
+
+        public AimErrorMeter()
+        {
+            AutoSizeAxes = Axes.Both;
+            AlwaysPresent = true;
+        }
+
+        [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
+        private void load(IBindable<WorkingBeatmap> beatmap, ScoreProcessor processor)
+        {
+            InternalChild = new Container
+            {
+                Height = 100,
+                Width = 100,
+                Children = new Drawable[]
+                {
+                    hitPositionPool,
+                    rotateFixedContainer = new UprightAspectMaintainingContainer
+                    {
+                        RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                        Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                        Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                    },
+                }
+            };
+
+            mainContainer = new Container
+            {
+                RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                Children = new Drawable[]
+                {
+                    new CircularContainer
+                    {
+                        Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                        Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                        BorderColour = Colour4.White,
+                        Masking = true,
+                        BorderThickness = 2,
+                        RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                        Size = new Vector2(inner_portion),
+                        Child = new Box
+                        {
+                            Colour = Colour4.Gray,
+                            Alpha = 0.3f,
+                            RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both
+                        },
+                    },
+                    arrowBackgroundContainer = new Container
+                    {
+                        Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                        Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                        Name = "Arrow Background",
+                        RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                        Rotation = 45,
+                        Alpha = 0f,
+                        Children = new Drawable[]
+                        {
+                            new Circle
+                            {
+                                RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Y,
+                                Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                                Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                                Height = inner_portion + 0.2f,
+                                Width = line_thickness / 2,
+                            },
+                            new Circle
+                            {
+                                Height = 5f,
+                                Width = line_thickness / 2,
+                                Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                                Origin = Anchor.TopCentre,
+                                Margin = new MarginPadding(-line_thickness / 4),
+                                RelativePositionAxes = Axes.Both,
+                                Y = -(inner_portion + 0.2f) / 2,
+                                Rotation = -45
+                            },
+                            new Circle
+                            {
+                                Height = 5f,
+                                Width = line_thickness / 2,
+                                Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                                Origin = Anchor.TopCentre,
+                                Margin = new MarginPadding(-line_thickness / 4),
+                                RelativePositionAxes = Axes.Both,
+                                Y = -(inner_portion + 0.2f) / 2,
+                                Rotation = 45
+                            }
+                        }
+                    },
+                    new Container
+                    {
+                        Name = "Cross Background",
+                        RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                        Children = new Drawable[]
+                        {
+                            new Circle
+                            {
+                                RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Y,
+                                Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                                Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                                Alpha = 0.5f,
+                                Width = line_thickness,
+                                Height = inner_portion * 0.9f
+                            },
+                            new Circle
+                            {
+                                RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Y,
+                                Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                                Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                                Alpha = 0.5f,
+                                Width = line_thickness,
+                                Height = inner_portion * 0.9f,
+                                Rotation = 90
+                            },
+                            new Circle
+                            {
+                                RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Y,
+                                Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                                Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                                Alpha = 0.2f,
+                                Width = line_thickness / 2,
+                                Height = inner_portion * 0.9f,
+                                Rotation = 45
+                            },
+                            new Circle
+                            {
+                                RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Y,
+                                Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                                Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                                Alpha = 0.2f,
+                                Width = line_thickness / 2,
+                                Height = inner_portion * 0.9f,
+                                Rotation = 135
+                            },
+                        }
+                    },
+                    new Container
+                    {
+                        RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                        Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                        Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                        Children = new Drawable[]
+                        {
+                            hitPositionMarkerContainer = new Container
+                            {
+                                RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                                Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                                Origin = Anchor.Centre
+                            },
+                            averagePositionMarker = new UprightAspectMaintainingContainer
+                            {
+                                RelativePositionAxes = Axes.Both,
+                                Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                                Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                                Child = averagePositionMarkerRotationContainer = new Container
+                                {
+                                    RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                                    Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                                    Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                                    Children = new Drawable[]
+                                    {
+                                        new Circle
+                                        {
+                                            RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                                            Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                                            Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                                            Width = 0.25f,
+                                        },
+                                        new Circle
+                                        {
+                                            RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                                            Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                                            Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                                            Width = 0.25f,
+                                            Rotation = 90
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            };
+
+            // handle IApplicableToDifficulty for CS change.
+            BeatmapDifficulty newDifficulty = new BeatmapDifficulty();
+            beatmap.Value.Beatmap.Difficulty.CopyTo(newDifficulty);
+
+            var mods = processor.Mods.Value;
+
+            foreach (var mod in mods.OfType<IApplicableToDifficulty>())
+                mod.ApplyToDifficulty(newDifficulty);
+
+            objectRadius = OsuHitObject.OBJECT_RADIUS * LegacyRulesetExtensions.CalculateScaleFromCircleSize(newDifficulty.CircleSize, true);
+
+            AverageMarkerSize.BindValueChanged(size => averagePositionMarker.Size = new Vector2(size.NewValue), true);
+            AverageMarkerStyle.BindValueChanged(style => averagePositionMarkerRotationContainer.Rotation = style.NewValue == MarkerStyle.Plus ? 0 : 45, true);
+
+            PositionDisplayStyle.BindValueChanged(s =>
+            {
+                Clear();
+
+                if (s.NewValue == PositionDisplay.Normalised)
+                {
+                    arrowBackgroundContainer.FadeIn(100);
+                    rotateFixedContainer.Remove(mainContainer, false);
+                    AddInternal(mainContainer);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    arrowBackgroundContainer.FadeOut(100);
+                    // when in absolute mode, rotation of the aim error meter as a whole should not affect how the component is displayed
+                    RemoveInternal(mainContainer, false);
+                    rotateFixedContainer.Add(mainContainer);
+                }
+            }, true);
+        }
+
+        protected override void OnNewJudgement(JudgementResult judgement)
+        {
+            if (judgement is not OsuHitCircleJudgementResult circleJudgement) return;
+
+            if (circleJudgement.CursorPositionAtHit == null) return;
+
+            if (hitPositionMarkerContainer.Count > max_concurrent_judgements)
+            {
+                const double quick_fade_time = 300;
+
+                // check with a bit of lenience to avoid precision error in comparison.
+                var old = hitPositionMarkerContainer.FirstOrDefault(j => j.LifetimeEnd > Clock.CurrentTime + quick_fade_time * 1.1);
+
+                if (old != null)
+                {
+                    old.ClearTransforms();
+                    old.FadeOut(quick_fade_time).Expire();
+                }
+            }
+
+            Vector2 hitPosition;
+
+            if (PositionDisplayStyle.Value == PositionDisplay.Normalised && lastObjectPosition != null)
+            {
+                hitPosition = AccuracyHeatmap.FindRelativeHitPosition(lastObjectPosition.Value, ((OsuHitObject)circleJudgement.HitObject).StackedEndPosition,
+                    circleJudgement.CursorPositionAtHit.Value, objectRadius, 45) * (inner_portion / 2);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                // get relative position between mouse position and current object.
+                hitPosition = (circleJudgement.CursorPositionAtHit.Value - ((OsuHitObject)circleJudgement.HitObject).StackedPosition) / objectRadius / 2 * inner_portion;
+            }
+
+            hitPosition = Vector2.Clamp(hitPosition, new Vector2(-0.5f), new Vector2(0.5f));
+
+            hitPositionPool.Get(drawableHit =>
+            {
+                drawableHit.X = hitPosition.X;
+                drawableHit.Y = hitPosition.Y;
+                drawableHit.Colour = getColourForPosition(hitPosition);
+
+                hitPositionMarkerContainer.Add(drawableHit);
+            });
+
+            var newAveragePosition = 0.1f * hitPosition + 0.9f * (averagePosition ?? hitPosition);
+            averagePositionMarker.MoveTo(newAveragePosition, 800, Easing.OutQuint);
+            averagePosition = newAveragePosition;
+            lastObjectPosition = ((OsuHitObject)circleJudgement.HitObject).StackedPosition;
+        }
+
+        private Color4 getColourForPosition(Vector2 position)
+        {
+            float distance = Vector2.Distance(position, Vector2.Zero);
+
+            if (distance >= 0.5f * inner_portion)
+                return colours.Red;
+
+            if (distance >= 0.35f * inner_portion)
+                return colours.Yellow;
+
+            if (distance >= 0.2f * inner_portion)
+                return colours.Green;
+
+            return colours.Blue;
+        }
+
+        public override void Clear()
+        {
+            averagePosition = null;
+            averagePositionMarker.MoveTo(Vector2.Zero, 800, Easing.OutQuint);
+            lastObjectPosition = null;
+
+            foreach (var h in hitPositionMarkerContainer)
+            {
+                h.ClearTransforms();
+                h.Expire();
+            }
+        }
+
+        private partial class HitPositionMarker : PoolableDrawable
+        {
+            [Resolved]
+            private AimErrorMeter aimErrorMeter { get; set; } = null!;
+
+            public readonly BindableNumber<float> MarkerSize = new BindableFloat();
+            public readonly Bindable<MarkerStyle> Style = new Bindable<MarkerStyle>();
+
+            private readonly Container content;
+
+            public HitPositionMarker()
+            {
+                RelativePositionAxes = Axes.Both;
+
+                Anchor = Anchor.Centre;
+                Origin = Anchor.Centre;
+
+                InternalChild = new UprightAspectMaintainingContainer
+                {
+                    RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                    Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                    Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                    Child = content = new Container
+                    {
+                        RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                        Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                        Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                        Children = new Drawable[]
+                        {
+                            new Circle
+                            {
+                                RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                                Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                                Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                                Width = 0.25f,
+                                Rotation = -45
+                            },
+                            new Circle
+                            {
+                                RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                                Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                                Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                                Width = 0.25f,
+                                Rotation = 45
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                };
+            }
+
+            protected override void LoadComplete()
+            {
+                base.LoadComplete();
+
+                MarkerSize.BindTo(aimErrorMeter.HitMarkerSize);
+                MarkerSize.BindValueChanged(size => Size = new Vector2(size.NewValue), true);
+                Style.BindTo(aimErrorMeter.HitMarkerStyle);
+                Style.BindValueChanged(style => content.Rotation = style.NewValue == MarkerStyle.X ? 0 : 45, true);
+            }
+
+            protected override void PrepareForUse()
+            {
+                base.PrepareForUse();
+
+                const int judgement_fade_in_duration = 100;
+                const int judgement_fade_out_duration = 5000;
+
+                this
+                    .ResizeTo(new Vector2(0))
+                    .FadeInFromZero(judgement_fade_in_duration, Easing.OutQuint)
+                    .ResizeTo(new Vector2(MarkerSize.Value), judgement_fade_in_duration, Easing.OutQuint)
+                    .Then()
+                    .FadeOut(judgement_fade_out_duration)
+                    .Expire();
+            }
+        }
+
+        public enum MarkerStyle
+        {
+            [Description("x")]
+            X,
+
+            [Description("+")]
+            Plus,
+        }
+
+        public enum PositionDisplay
+        {
+            [LocalisableDescription(typeof(AimErrorMeterStrings), nameof(AimErrorMeterStrings.Absolute))]
+            Absolute,
+
+            [LocalisableDescription(typeof(AimErrorMeterStrings), nameof(AimErrorMeterStrings.Normalised))]
+            Normalised,
+        }
+    }
+}

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Mods/OsuModAlternate.cs

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ using System;
 using System.Linq;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
 using osu.Framework.Localisation;
+using osu.Game.Graphics;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Mods
 {
@@ -13,7 +14,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Mods
         public override string Name => @"Alternate";
         public override string Acronym => @"AL";
         public override LocalisableString Description => @"Don't use the same key twice in a row!";
-        public override IconUsage? Icon => FontAwesome.Solid.Keyboard;
+        public override IconUsage? Icon => OsuIcon.ModAlternate;
         public override Type[] IncompatibleMods => base.IncompatibleMods.Concat(new[] { typeof(OsuModSingleTap) }).ToArray();
 
         protected override bool CheckValidNewAction(OsuAction action) => LastAcceptedAction != action;

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Mods/OsuModApproachDifferent.cs

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
 using osu.Framework.Localisation;
 using osu.Game.Configuration;
+using osu.Game.Graphics;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects.Drawables;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects.Drawables;
@@ -19,7 +20,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Mods
         public override string Acronym => "AD";
         public override LocalisableString Description => "Never trust the approach circles...";
         public override double ScoreMultiplier => 1;
-        public override IconUsage? Icon { get; } = FontAwesome.Regular.Circle;
+        public override IconUsage? Icon => OsuIcon.ModApproachDifferent;
 
         public override Type[] IncompatibleMods => new[] { typeof(IHidesApproachCircles), typeof(OsuModFreezeFrame) };
 

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Mods/OsuModBlinds.cs

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ using osu.Framework.Graphics.Textures;
 using osu.Framework.Localisation;
 using osu.Framework.Utils;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
+using osu.Game.Graphics;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring;
@@ -26,7 +27,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Mods
         public override LocalisableString Description => "Play with blinds on your screen.";
         public override string Acronym => "BL";
 
-        public override IconUsage? Icon => FontAwesome.Solid.Adjust;
+        public override IconUsage? Icon => OsuIcon.ModBlinds;
         public override ModType Type => ModType.DifficultyIncrease;
 
         public override double ScoreMultiplier => UsesDefaultConfiguration ? 1.12 : 1;