diff --git a/osu.Android.props b/osu.Android.props
index 1b395a7c83..4901f30d8a 100644
--- a/osu.Android.props
+++ b/osu.Android.props
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
     <EmbedAssembliesIntoApk>true</EmbedAssembliesIntoApk>
   </PropertyGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
-    <PackageReference Include="ppy.osu.Framework.Android" Version="2024.223.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="ppy.osu.Framework.Android" Version="2024.306.0" />
   </ItemGroup>
   <PropertyGroup>
     <!-- Fody does not handle Android build well, and warns when unchanged.
diff --git a/osu.Game.Benchmarks/osu.Game.Benchmarks.csproj b/osu.Game.Benchmarks/osu.Game.Benchmarks.csproj
index 64da5412a8..af84ee47f1 100644
--- a/osu.Game.Benchmarks/osu.Game.Benchmarks.csproj
+++ b/osu.Game.Benchmarks/osu.Game.Benchmarks.csproj
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
   </PropertyGroup>
 
   <ItemGroup>
-    <PackageReference Include="BenchmarkDotNet" Version="0.13.9" />
+    <PackageReference Include="BenchmarkDotNet" Version="0.13.12" />
     <PackageReference Include="nunit" Version="3.14.0" />
     <PackageReference Include="NUnit3TestAdapter" Version="4.5.0" />
   </ItemGroup>
diff --git a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Tests/CatchBeatmapConversionTest.cs b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Tests/CatchBeatmapConversionTest.cs
index d0ecb828df..81e0675aaa 100644
--- a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Tests/CatchBeatmapConversionTest.cs
+++ b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Tests/CatchBeatmapConversionTest.cs
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Tests
         [TestCase("3689906", new[] { typeof(CatchModDoubleTime), typeof(CatchModEasy) })]
         [TestCase("3949367", new[] { typeof(CatchModDoubleTime), typeof(CatchModEasy) })]
         [TestCase("112643")]
+        [TestCase("1041052", new[] { typeof(CatchModHardRock) })]
         public new void Test(string name, params Type[] mods) => base.Test(name, mods);
 
         protected override IEnumerable<ConvertValue> CreateConvertValue(HitObject hitObject)
diff --git a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Tests/Resources/Testing/Beatmaps/1041052-expected-conversion.json b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Tests/Resources/Testing/Beatmaps/1041052-expected-conversion.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..01150e701d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Tests/Resources/Testing/Beatmaps/1041052-expected-conversion.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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diff --git a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Tests/Resources/Testing/Beatmaps/1041052.osu b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Tests/Resources/Testing/Beatmaps/1041052.osu
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+osu file format v14
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+Countdown: 0
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+Mode: 2
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+WidescreenStoryboard: 0
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+GridSize: 8
+TimelineZoom: 1.4
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+TitleUnicode:七色シンフォニー -TV Size-
+Artist:Coalamode.
+ArtistUnicode:コアラモード．
+Creator:Ascendance
+Version:Aru's Cup
+Source:四月は君の嘘
+Tags:shigatsu wa kimi no uso your lie in april opening arusamour tenshichan [superstar]
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+BeatmapSetID:488149
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+424,336,39864,2,0,P|440:304|416:240,1,102,8|0,0:3|0:3,0:3:0:0:
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+160,224,41025,1,8,0:3:0:0:
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+400,40,41993,1,0,0:0:0:0:
+440,80,42187,2,0,P|389:76|342:96,1,102,2|8,0:0|0:0,0:0:0:0:
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+160,144,45671,1,8,0:0:0:0:
+264,144,46058,2,0,L|384:144,1,102,2|0,0:0|0:0,0:0:0:0:
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+128,336,52251,6,0,P|64:336|0:256,1,153,2|2,0:0|0:0,0:0:0:0:
+88,264,53025,1,2,0:0:0:0:
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+224,328,59219,1,2,0:0:0:0:
+120,328,59606,1,8,0:3:0:0:
+224,264,59993,6,0,P|224:200|192:152,1,102,6|0,0:0|0:0,0:0:0:0:
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+32,264,67735,6,0,L|144:216,1,102,8|8,0:0|0:0,0:0:0:0:
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+16,272,85154,2,0,L|16:328,1,51,8|0,0:0|0:0,0:0:0:0:
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diff --git a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch/Beatmaps/CatchBeatmapProcessor.cs b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch/Beatmaps/CatchBeatmapProcessor.cs
index 200018f28b..198f8f59c6 100644
--- a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch/Beatmaps/CatchBeatmapProcessor.cs
+++ b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch/Beatmaps/CatchBeatmapProcessor.cs
@@ -118,7 +118,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Beatmaps
             float offsetPosition = hitObject.OriginalX;
             double startTime = hitObject.StartTime;
 
-            if (lastPosition == null)
+            if (lastPosition == null ||
+                // some objects can get assigned position zero, making stable incorrectly go inside this if branch on the next object. to maintain behaviour and compatibility, do the same here.
+                // reference: https://github.com/peppy/osu-stable-reference/blob/3ea48705eb67172c430371dcfc8a16a002ed0d3d/osu!/GameplayElements/HitObjects/Fruits/HitFactoryFruits.cs#L45-L50
+                // todo: should be revisited and corrected later probably.
+                lastPosition == 0)
             {
                 lastPosition = offsetPosition;
                 lastStartTime = startTime;
diff --git a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch/Difficulty/CatchPerformanceCalculator.cs b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch/Difficulty/CatchPerformanceCalculator.cs
index b30b85be2d..d07f25ba90 100644
--- a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch/Difficulty/CatchPerformanceCalculator.cs
+++ b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch/Difficulty/CatchPerformanceCalculator.cs
@@ -2,22 +2,21 @@
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
 using System;
-using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Difficulty;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods;
-using osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring;
 using osu.Game.Scoring;
+using osu.Game.Scoring.Legacy;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Difficulty
 {
     public class CatchPerformanceCalculator : PerformanceCalculator
     {
-        private int fruitsHit;
-        private int ticksHit;
-        private int tinyTicksHit;
-        private int tinyTicksMissed;
-        private int misses;
+        private int num300;
+        private int num100;
+        private int num50;
+        private int numKatu;
+        private int numMiss;
 
         public CatchPerformanceCalculator()
             : base(new CatchRuleset())
@@ -28,11 +27,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Difficulty
         {
             var catchAttributes = (CatchDifficultyAttributes)attributes;
 
-            fruitsHit = score.Statistics.GetValueOrDefault(HitResult.Great);
-            ticksHit = score.Statistics.GetValueOrDefault(HitResult.LargeTickHit);
-            tinyTicksHit = score.Statistics.GetValueOrDefault(HitResult.SmallTickHit);
-            tinyTicksMissed = score.Statistics.GetValueOrDefault(HitResult.SmallTickMiss);
-            misses = score.Statistics.GetValueOrDefault(HitResult.Miss);
+            num300 = score.GetCount300() ?? 0; // HitResult.Great
+            num100 = score.GetCount100() ?? 0; // HitResult.LargeTickHit
+            num50 = score.GetCount50() ?? 0; // HitResult.SmallTickHit
+            numKatu = score.GetCountKatu() ?? 0; // HitResult.SmallTickMiss
+            numMiss = score.GetCountMiss() ?? 0; // HitResult.Miss PLUS HitResult.LargeTickMiss
 
             // We are heavily relying on aim in catch the beat
             double value = Math.Pow(5.0 * Math.Max(1.0, catchAttributes.StarRating / 0.0049) - 4.0, 2.0) / 100000.0;
@@ -45,7 +44,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Difficulty
                 (numTotalHits > 2500 ? Math.Log10(numTotalHits / 2500.0) * 0.475 : 0.0);
             value *= lengthBonus;
 
-            value *= Math.Pow(0.97, misses);
+            value *= Math.Pow(0.97, numMiss);
 
             // Combo scaling
             if (catchAttributes.MaxCombo > 0)
@@ -86,8 +85,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Difficulty
         }
 
         private double accuracy() => totalHits() == 0 ? 0 : Math.Clamp((double)totalSuccessfulHits() / totalHits(), 0, 1);
-        private int totalHits() => tinyTicksHit + ticksHit + fruitsHit + misses + tinyTicksMissed;
-        private int totalSuccessfulHits() => tinyTicksHit + ticksHit + fruitsHit;
-        private int totalComboHits() => misses + ticksHit + fruitsHit;
+        private int totalHits() => num50 + num100 + num300 + numMiss + numKatu;
+        private int totalSuccessfulHits() => num50 + num100 + num300;
+        private int totalComboHits() => numMiss + num100 + num300;
     }
 }
diff --git a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Mods/ManiaModHidden.cs b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Mods/ManiaModHidden.cs
index 5ddc627642..3365b206cf 100644
--- a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Mods/ManiaModHidden.cs
+++ b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Mods/ManiaModHidden.cs
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ using osu.Framework.Allocation;
 using osu.Framework.Localisation;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.UI;
 using osu.Framework.Bindables;
+using osu.Framework.Extensions.ObjectExtensions;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Skinning;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods;
@@ -101,6 +102,14 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Mods
 
                 return base.GetHeight(coverage) * reference_playfield_height / availablePlayfieldHeight;
             }
+
+            protected override void Dispose(bool isDisposing)
+            {
+                base.Dispose(isDisposing);
+
+                if (skin.IsNotNull())
+                    skin.SourceChanged -= onSkinChanged;
+            }
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Skinning/Legacy/LegacyKeyArea.cs b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Skinning/Legacy/LegacyKeyArea.cs
index 48b92a8486..8f9a2d7e74 100644
--- a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Skinning/Legacy/LegacyKeyArea.cs
+++ b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Skinning/Legacy/LegacyKeyArea.cs
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ using osu.Framework.Bindables;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Textures;
 using osu.Framework.Input.Bindings;
 using osu.Framework.Input.Events;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.UI;
@@ -46,17 +47,18 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Skinning.Legacy
                 AutoSizeAxes = Axes.Y,
                 Children = new Drawable[]
                 {
+                    // Key images are placed side-to-side on the playfield, therefore ClampToEdge must be used to prevent any gaps between each key.
                     upSprite = new Sprite
                     {
                         Origin = Anchor.BottomCentre,
-                        Texture = skin.GetTexture(upImage),
+                        Texture = skin.GetTexture(upImage, WrapMode.ClampToEdge, default),
                         RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.X,
                         Width = 1
                     },
                     downSprite = new Sprite
                     {
                         Origin = Anchor.BottomCentre,
-                        Texture = skin.GetTexture(downImage),
+                        Texture = skin.GetTexture(downImage, WrapMode.ClampToEdge, default),
                         RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.X,
                         Width = 1,
                         Alpha = 0
diff --git a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests/Mods/TestSceneOsuModFlashlight.cs b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests/Mods/TestSceneOsuModFlashlight.cs
index 3dca179f2f..075fdd88ca 100644
--- a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests/Mods/TestSceneOsuModFlashlight.cs
+++ b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests/Mods/TestSceneOsuModFlashlight.cs
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests.Mods
                 PassCondition = () =>
                 {
                     var flashlightOverlay = Player.DrawableRuleset.Overlays
-                                                  .OfType<ModFlashlight<OsuHitObject>.Flashlight>()
+                                                  .ChildrenOfType<ModFlashlight<OsuHitObject>.Flashlight>()
                                                   .First();
 
                     return Precision.AlmostEquals(mod.DefaultFlashlightSize * .5f, flashlightOverlay.GetSize());
diff --git a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests/TestSceneSliderInput.cs b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests/TestSceneSliderInput.cs
index 12be74c4cc..286e4bd775 100644
--- a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests/TestSceneSliderInput.cs
+++ b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests/TestSceneSliderInput.cs
@@ -457,6 +457,33 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Tests
             assertMidSliderJudgementFail();
         }
 
+        [Test]
+        public void TestRewindHandling()
+        {
+            performTest(new List<ReplayFrame>
+            {
+                new OsuReplayFrame { Position = new Vector2(0), Actions = { OsuAction.LeftButton }, Time = time_slider_start },
+                new OsuReplayFrame { Position = new Vector2(175, 0), Actions = { OsuAction.LeftButton }, Time = 3250 },
+                new OsuReplayFrame { Position = new Vector2(175, 0), Actions = { OsuAction.LeftButton }, Time = time_slider_end },
+            }, new Slider
+            {
+                StartTime = time_slider_start,
+                Position = new Vector2(0, 0),
+                Path = new SliderPath(PathType.PERFECT_CURVE, new[]
+                {
+                    Vector2.Zero,
+                    new Vector2(250, 0),
+                }, 250),
+            });
+
+            AddUntilStep("wait for completion", () => currentPlayer.ScoreProcessor.HasCompleted.Value);
+            AddAssert("no miss judgements recorded", () => judgementResults.All(r => r.Type.IsHit()));
+
+            AddStep("rewind to middle of slider", () => currentPlayer.Seek(time_during_slide_4));
+            AddUntilStep("wait for completion", () => currentPlayer.ScoreProcessor.HasCompleted.Value);
+            AddAssert("no miss judgements recorded", () => judgementResults.All(r => r.Type.IsHit()));
+        }
+
         private void assertAllMaxJudgements()
         {
             AddAssert("All judgements max", () =>
diff --git a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Beatmaps/OsuBeatmapProcessor.cs b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Beatmaps/OsuBeatmapProcessor.cs
index 835c67ff19..9cc0a8c414 100644
--- a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Beatmaps/OsuBeatmapProcessor.cs
+++ b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Beatmaps/OsuBeatmapProcessor.cs
@@ -58,9 +58,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Beatmaps
 
         private void applyStacking(Beatmap<OsuHitObject> beatmap, int startIndex, int endIndex)
         {
-            if (startIndex > endIndex) throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(startIndex), $"{nameof(startIndex)} cannot be greater than {nameof(endIndex)}.");
-            if (startIndex < 0) throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(startIndex), $"{nameof(startIndex)} cannot be less than 0.");
-            if (endIndex < 0) throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(endIndex), $"{nameof(endIndex)} cannot be less than 0.");
+            ArgumentOutOfRangeException.ThrowIfGreaterThan(startIndex, endIndex);
+            ArgumentOutOfRangeException.ThrowIfNegative(startIndex);
+            ArgumentOutOfRangeException.ThrowIfNegative(endIndex);
 
             int extendedEndIndex = endIndex;
 
diff --git a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Edit/OsuHitObjectComposer.cs b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Edit/OsuHitObjectComposer.cs
index 448cfaf84c..3ead61f64a 100644
--- a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Edit/OsuHitObjectComposer.cs
+++ b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Edit/OsuHitObjectComposer.cs
@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Edit
         /// <returns>The <see cref="OsuDistanceSnapGrid"/> from a selected <see cref="HitObject"/> to a target <see cref="HitObject"/>.</returns>
         private OsuDistanceSnapGrid createGrid(Func<HitObject, bool> sourceSelector, int targetOffset = 1)
         {
-            if (targetOffset < 1) throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(targetOffset));
+            ArgumentOutOfRangeException.ThrowIfNegativeOrZero(targetOffset);
 
             int sourceIndex = -1;
 
diff --git a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Judgements/OsuSliderJudgementResult.cs b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Judgements/OsuSliderJudgementResult.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f52294cdd7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Judgements/OsuSliderJudgementResult.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Judgements;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Judgements
+{
+    public class OsuSliderJudgementResult : OsuJudgementResult
+    {
+        public readonly Stack<(double time, bool tracking)> TrackingHistory = new Stack<(double, bool)>();
+
+        public OsuSliderJudgementResult(HitObject hitObject, Judgement judgement)
+            : base(hitObject, judgement)
+        {
+            TrackingHistory.Push((double.NegativeInfinity, false));
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Mods/OsuModSpunOut.cs b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Mods/OsuModSpunOut.cs
index df9544b71e..992f4d5f03 100644
--- a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Mods/OsuModSpunOut.cs
+++ b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Mods/OsuModSpunOut.cs
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Mods
             // multiply the SPM by 1.01 to ensure that the spinner is completed. if the calculation is left exact,
             // some spinners may not complete due to very minor decimal loss during calculation
             float rotationSpeed = (float)(1.01 * spinner.HitObject.SpinsRequired / spinner.HitObject.Duration);
-            spinner.RotationTracker.AddRotation(MathUtils.RadiansToDegrees((float)rateIndependentElapsedTime * rotationSpeed * MathF.PI * 2.0f));
+            spinner.RotationTracker.AddRotation(float.RadiansToDegrees((float)rateIndependentElapsedTime * rotationSpeed * MathF.PI * 2.0f));
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Objects/Drawables/DrawableSlider.cs b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Objects/Drawables/DrawableSlider.cs
index b7ce712e2c..e519e51562 100644
--- a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Objects/Drawables/DrawableSlider.cs
+++ b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Objects/Drawables/DrawableSlider.cs
@@ -14,8 +14,10 @@ using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
 using osu.Framework.Layout;
 using osu.Game.Audio;
 using osu.Game.Graphics.Containers;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Judgements;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects.Drawables;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Judgements;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Skinning.Default;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring;
 using osu.Game.Skinning;
@@ -27,6 +29,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects.Drawables
     {
         public new Slider HitObject => (Slider)base.HitObject;
 
+        public new OsuSliderJudgementResult Result => (OsuSliderJudgementResult)base.Result;
+
         public DrawableSliderHead HeadCircle => headContainer.Child;
         public DrawableSliderTail TailCircle => tailContainer.Child;
 
@@ -134,6 +138,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects.Drawables
             }, true);
         }
 
+        protected override JudgementResult CreateResult(Judgement judgement) => new OsuSliderJudgementResult(HitObject, judgement);
+
         protected override void OnApply()
         {
             base.OnApply();
diff --git a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Objects/Drawables/DrawableSliderRepeat.cs b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Objects/Drawables/DrawableSliderRepeat.cs
index 3239565528..27c5278614 100644
--- a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Objects/Drawables/DrawableSliderRepeat.cs
+++ b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Objects/Drawables/DrawableSliderRepeat.cs
@@ -79,6 +79,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects.Drawables
             base.OnApply();
 
             Position = HitObject.Position - DrawableSlider.Position;
+            hasRotation = false;
         }
 
         protected override void CheckForResult(bool userTriggered, double timeOffset) => DrawableSlider.SliderInputManager.TryJudgeNestedObject(this, timeOffset);
@@ -146,7 +147,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects.Drawables
                 break;
             }
 
-            float aimRotation = MathUtils.RadiansToDegrees(MathF.Atan2(aimRotationVector.Y - Position.Y, aimRotationVector.X - Position.X));
+            float aimRotation = float.RadiansToDegrees(MathF.Atan2(aimRotationVector.Y - Position.Y, aimRotationVector.X - Position.X));
             while (Math.Abs(aimRotation - Arrow.Rotation) > 180)
                 aimRotation += aimRotation < Arrow.Rotation ? 360 : -360;
 
diff --git a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Objects/Drawables/SliderInputManager.cs b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Objects/Drawables/SliderInputManager.cs
index 148cf79337..c75ae35a1a 100644
--- a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Objects/Drawables/SliderInputManager.cs
+++ b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Objects/Drawables/SliderInputManager.cs
@@ -5,11 +5,14 @@ using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Diagnostics;
 using System.Linq;
+using osu.Framework.Allocation;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Input;
 using osu.Framework.Input.Events;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects.Drawables;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects.Types;
+using osu.Game.Screens.Play;
 using osuTK;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects.Drawables
@@ -21,6 +24,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects.Drawables
         /// </summary>
         public bool Tracking { get; private set; }
 
+        [Resolved]
+        private IGameplayClock? gameplayClock { get; set; }
+
         /// <summary>
         /// The point in time after which we can accept any key for tracking. Before this time, we may need to restrict tracking to the key used to hit the head circle.
         ///
@@ -49,6 +55,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects.Drawables
         public SliderInputManager(DrawableSlider slider)
         {
             this.slider = slider;
+            this.slider.HitObjectApplied += resetState;
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -208,6 +215,20 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects.Drawables
         /// <param name="isValidTrackingPosition">Whether the current mouse position is valid to begin tracking.</param>
         private void updateTracking(bool isValidTrackingPosition)
         {
+            if (gameplayClock?.IsRewinding == true)
+            {
+                var trackingHistory = slider.Result.TrackingHistory;
+                while (trackingHistory.TryPeek(out var historyEntry) && Time.Current < historyEntry.time)
+                    trackingHistory.Pop();
+
+                Debug.Assert(trackingHistory.Count > 0);
+
+                Tracking = trackingHistory.Peek().tracking;
+                return;
+            }
+
+            bool wasTracking = Tracking;
+
             // from the point at which the head circle is hit, this will be non-null.
             // it may be null if the head circle was missed.
             OsuAction? headCircleHitAction = getInitialHitAction();
@@ -247,6 +268,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects.Drawables
                 && isValidTrackingPosition
                 // valid action
                 && validTrackingAction;
+
+            if (wasTracking != Tracking)
+                slider.Result.TrackingHistory.Push((Time.Current, Tracking));
         }
 
         private OsuAction? getInitialHitAction() => slider.HeadCircle?.HitAction;
@@ -264,5 +288,20 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects.Drawables
 
             return action == OsuAction.LeftButton || action == OsuAction.RightButton;
         }
+
+        private void resetState(DrawableHitObject obj)
+        {
+            Tracking = false;
+            timeToAcceptAnyKeyAfter = null;
+            lastPressedActions.Clear();
+            screenSpaceMousePosition = null;
+        }
+
+        protected override void Dispose(bool isDisposing)
+        {
+            base.Dispose(isDisposing);
+
+            slider.HitObjectApplied -= resetState;
+        }
     }
 }
diff --git a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Replays/OsuAutoGenerator.cs b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Replays/OsuAutoGenerator.cs
index 1cf6bc91f0..d43e6092c2 100644
--- a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Replays/OsuAutoGenerator.cs
+++ b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Replays/OsuAutoGenerator.cs
@@ -342,7 +342,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Replays
             // 0.05 rad/ms, or ~477 RPM, as per stable.
             // the redundant conversion from RPM to rad/ms is here for ease of testing custom SPM specs.
             const float spin_rpm = 0.05f / (2 * MathF.PI) * 60000;
-            float radsPerMillisecond = MathUtils.DegreesToRadians(spin_rpm * 360) / 60000;
+            float radsPerMillisecond = float.DegreesToRadians(spin_rpm * 360) / 60000;
 
             switch (h)
             {
diff --git a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Skinning/Argon/ArgonSpinnerProgressArc.cs b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Skinning/Argon/ArgonSpinnerProgressArc.cs
index 76afeeb2c4..1de5b1f309 100644
--- a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Skinning/Argon/ArgonSpinnerProgressArc.cs
+++ b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Skinning/Argon/ArgonSpinnerProgressArc.cs
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Skinning.Argon
                     Origin = Anchor.Centre,
                     Colour = Color4.White.Opacity(0.25f),
                     RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
-                    Current = { Value = arc_fill },
+                    Progress = arc_fill,
                     Rotation = 90 - arc_fill * 180,
                     InnerRadius = arc_radius,
                     RoundedCaps = true,
@@ -71,9 +71,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Skinning.Argon
             background.Alpha = spinner.Progress >= 1 ? 0 : 1;
 
             fill.Alpha = (float)Interpolation.DampContinuously(fill.Alpha, spinner.Progress > 0 && spinner.Progress < 1 ? 1 : 0, 40f, (float)Math.Abs(Time.Elapsed));
-            fill.Current.Value = (float)Interpolation.DampContinuously(fill.Current.Value, spinner.Progress >= 1 ? 0 : arc_fill * spinner.Progress, 40f, (float)Math.Abs(Time.Elapsed));
+            fill.Progress = (float)Interpolation.DampContinuously(fill.Progress, spinner.Progress >= 1 ? 0 : arc_fill * spinner.Progress, 40f, (float)Math.Abs(Time.Elapsed));
 
-            fill.Rotation = (float)(90 - fill.Current.Value * 180);
+            fill.Rotation = (float)(90 - fill.Progress * 180);
         }
 
         private partial class ProgressFill : CircularProgress
diff --git a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Skinning/Argon/ArgonSpinnerRingArc.cs b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Skinning/Argon/ArgonSpinnerRingArc.cs
index 702c5c2675..12cd0994b4 100644
--- a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Skinning/Argon/ArgonSpinnerRingArc.cs
+++ b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Skinning/Argon/ArgonSpinnerRingArc.cs
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Skinning.Argon
                 Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
                 Origin = Anchor.Centre,
                 RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
-                Current = { Value = arc_fill },
+                Progress = arc_fill,
                 Rotation = -arc_fill * 180,
                 InnerRadius = arc_radius,
                 RoundedCaps = true,
@@ -44,10 +44,10 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Skinning.Argon
         {
             base.Update();
 
-            fill.Current.Value = (float)Interpolation.DampContinuously(fill.Current.Value, spinner.Progress >= 1 ? arc_fill_complete : arc_fill, 40f, (float)Math.Abs(Time.Elapsed));
+            fill.Progress = (float)Interpolation.DampContinuously(fill.Progress, spinner.Progress >= 1 ? arc_fill_complete : arc_fill, 40f, (float)Math.Abs(Time.Elapsed));
             fill.InnerRadius = (float)Interpolation.DampContinuously(fill.InnerRadius, spinner.Progress >= 1 ? arc_radius * 2.2f : arc_radius, 40f, (float)Math.Abs(Time.Elapsed));
 
-            fill.Rotation = (float)(-fill.Current.Value * 180);
+            fill.Rotation = (float)(-fill.Progress * 180);
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Skinning/Default/SpinnerRotationTracker.cs b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Skinning/Default/SpinnerRotationTracker.cs
index 1d75663fd9..7e97f826f9 100644
--- a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Skinning/Default/SpinnerRotationTracker.cs
+++ b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Skinning/Default/SpinnerRotationTracker.cs
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Skinning.Default
 
             if (mousePosition is Vector2 pos)
             {
-                float thisAngle = -MathUtils.RadiansToDegrees(MathF.Atan2(pos.X - DrawSize.X / 2, pos.Y - DrawSize.Y / 2));
+                float thisAngle = -float.RadiansToDegrees(MathF.Atan2(pos.X - DrawSize.X / 2, pos.Y - DrawSize.Y / 2));
                 float delta = lastAngle == null ? 0 : thisAngle - lastAngle.Value;
 
                 // Normalise the delta to -180 .. 180
diff --git a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Statistics/AccuracyHeatmap.cs b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Statistics/AccuracyHeatmap.cs
index f9d4a3b325..4b3b543ea4 100644
--- a/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Statistics/AccuracyHeatmap.cs
+++ b/osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Statistics/AccuracyHeatmap.cs
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Statistics
             // Likewise sin(pi/2)=1 and sin(3pi/2)=-1, whereas we actually want these values to appear on the bottom/top respectively, so the y-coordinate also needs to be inverted.
             //
             // We also need to apply the anti-clockwise rotation.
-            double rotatedAngle = finalAngle - MathUtils.DegreesToRadians(rotation);
+            double rotatedAngle = finalAngle - float.DegreesToRadians(rotation);
             var rotatedCoordinate = -1 * new Vector2((float)Math.Cos(rotatedAngle), (float)Math.Sin(rotatedAngle));
 
             Vector2 localCentre = new Vector2(points_per_dimension - 1) / 2;
diff --git a/osu.Game.Tests/Beatmaps/Formats/LegacyScoreDecoderTest.cs b/osu.Game.Tests/Beatmaps/Formats/LegacyScoreDecoderTest.cs
index 7e3967dc95..43e471320e 100644
--- a/osu.Game.Tests/Beatmaps/Formats/LegacyScoreDecoderTest.cs
+++ b/osu.Game.Tests/Beatmaps/Formats/LegacyScoreDecoderTest.cs
@@ -432,7 +432,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Beatmaps.Formats
             CultureInfo.CurrentCulture = originalCulture;
         }
 
-        private class TestLegacyScoreDecoder : LegacyScoreDecoder
+        public class TestLegacyScoreDecoder : LegacyScoreDecoder
         {
             private readonly int beatmapVersion;
 
diff --git a/osu.Game.Tests/Beatmaps/Formats/LegacyScoreEncoderTest.cs b/osu.Game.Tests/Beatmaps/Formats/LegacyScoreEncoderTest.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c0a7285f39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/osu.Game.Tests/Beatmaps/Formats/LegacyScoreEncoderTest.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.IO;
+using NUnit.Framework;
+using osu.Game.Beatmaps.Formats;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring;
+using osu.Game.Scoring;
+using osu.Game.Scoring.Legacy;
+using osu.Game.Tests.Resources;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Tests.Beatmaps.Formats
+{
+    public class LegacyScoreEncoderTest
+    {
+        [TestCase(1, 3)]
+        [TestCase(1, 0)]
+        [TestCase(0, 3)]
+        public void CatchMergesFruitAndDropletMisses(int missCount, int largeTickMissCount)
+        {
+            var ruleset = new CatchRuleset().RulesetInfo;
+
+            var scoreInfo = TestResources.CreateTestScoreInfo(ruleset);
+            var beatmap = new TestBeatmap(ruleset);
+            scoreInfo.Statistics = new Dictionary<HitResult, int>
+            {
+                [HitResult.Great] = 50,
+                [HitResult.LargeTickHit] = 5,
+                [HitResult.Miss] = missCount,
+                [HitResult.LargeTickMiss] = largeTickMissCount
+            };
+            var score = new Score { ScoreInfo = scoreInfo };
+
+            var decodedAfterEncode = encodeThenDecode(LegacyBeatmapDecoder.LATEST_VERSION, score, beatmap);
+
+            Assert.That(decodedAfterEncode.ScoreInfo.GetCountMiss(), Is.EqualTo(missCount + largeTickMissCount));
+        }
+
+        private static Score encodeThenDecode(int beatmapVersion, Score score, TestBeatmap beatmap)
+        {
+            var encodeStream = new MemoryStream();
+
+            var encoder = new LegacyScoreEncoder(score, beatmap);
+            encoder.Encode(encodeStream);
+
+            var decodeStream = new MemoryStream(encodeStream.GetBuffer());
+
+            var decoder = new LegacyScoreDecoderTest.TestLegacyScoreDecoder(beatmapVersion);
+            var decodedAfterEncode = decoder.Parse(decodeStream);
+            return decodedAfterEncode;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/osu.Game.Tests/Resources/Archives/modified-argon-20240305.osk b/osu.Game.Tests/Resources/Archives/modified-argon-20240305.osk
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6db24352a5
Binary files /dev/null and b/osu.Game.Tests/Resources/Archives/modified-argon-20240305.osk differ
diff --git a/osu.Game.Tests/Skins/SkinDeserialisationTest.cs b/osu.Game.Tests/Skins/SkinDeserialisationTest.cs
index 6423e061c5..d979bdab93 100644
--- a/osu.Game.Tests/Skins/SkinDeserialisationTest.cs
+++ b/osu.Game.Tests/Skins/SkinDeserialisationTest.cs
@@ -60,6 +60,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Skins
             "Archives/modified-argon-20231106.osk",
             // Covers "Argon" accuracy/score/combo counters, and wedges
             "Archives/modified-argon-20231108.osk",
+            // Covers "Argon" performance points counter
+            "Archives/modified-argon-20240305.osk",
         };
 
         /// <summary>
diff --git a/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Gameplay/SkinnableHUDComponentTestScene.cs b/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Gameplay/SkinnableHUDComponentTestScene.cs
index f54f50795e..7933647dd2 100644
--- a/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Gameplay/SkinnableHUDComponentTestScene.cs
+++ b/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Gameplay/SkinnableHUDComponentTestScene.cs
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
-using NUnit.Framework;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
+using osu.Framework.Testing;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu;
 using osu.Game.Skinning;
@@ -13,8 +13,13 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Gameplay
     {
         protected override Ruleset CreateRulesetForSkinProvider() => new OsuRuleset();
 
-        [SetUp]
-        public void SetUp() => Schedule(() =>
+        [SetUpSteps]
+        public virtual void SetUpSteps()
+        {
+            AddStep("setup components", SetUpComponents);
+        }
+
+        public void SetUpComponents()
         {
             SetContents(skin =>
             {
@@ -28,7 +33,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Gameplay
                 implementation.Origin = Anchor.Centre;
                 return implementation;
             });
-        });
+        }
 
         protected abstract Drawable CreateDefaultImplementation();
         protected virtual Drawable CreateArgonImplementation() => CreateDefaultImplementation();
diff --git a/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Gameplay/TestSceneMedalOverlay.cs b/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Gameplay/TestSceneMedalOverlay.cs
index 71ed0a14a2..5dc553b9df 100644
--- a/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Gameplay/TestSceneMedalOverlay.cs
+++ b/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Gameplay/TestSceneMedalOverlay.cs
@@ -1,26 +1,109 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
+using System.Linq;
+using Moq;
+using Newtonsoft.Json.Linq;
 using NUnit.Framework;
+using osu.Framework.Bindables;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
+using osu.Framework.Testing;
+using osu.Game.Online.API;
+using osu.Game.Online.Notifications.WebSocket;
+using osu.Game.Online.Notifications.WebSocket.Events;
 using osu.Game.Overlays;
-using osu.Game.Users;
+using osuTK.Input;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Gameplay
 {
     [TestFixture]
-    public partial class TestSceneMedalOverlay : OsuTestScene
+    public partial class TestSceneMedalOverlay : OsuManualInputManagerTestScene
     {
-        public TestSceneMedalOverlay()
+        private readonly Bindable<OverlayActivation> overlayActivationMode = new Bindable<OverlayActivation>(OverlayActivation.All);
+
+        private DummyAPIAccess dummyAPI => (DummyAPIAccess)API;
+        private MedalOverlay overlay = null!;
+
+        [SetUpSteps]
+        public void SetUpSteps()
         {
-            AddStep(@"display", () =>
+            var overlayManagerMock = new Mock<IOverlayManager>();
+            overlayManagerMock.Setup(mock => mock.OverlayActivationMode).Returns(overlayActivationMode);
+
+            AddStep("create overlay", () => Child = new DependencyProvidingContainer
             {
-                LoadComponentAsync(new MedalOverlay(new Medal
-                {
-                    Name = @"Animations",
-                    InternalName = @"all-intro-doubletime",
-                    Description = @"More complex than you think.",
-                }), Add);
+                Child = overlay = new MedalOverlay(),
+                RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                CachedDependencies =
+                [
+                    (typeof(IOverlayManager), overlayManagerMock.Object)
+                ]
             });
         }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestBasicAward()
+        {
+            awardMedal(new UserAchievementUnlock
+            {
+                Title = "Time And A Half",
+                Description = "Having a right ol' time. One and a half of them, almost.",
+                Slug = @"all-intro-doubletime"
+            });
+            AddUntilStep("overlay shown", () => overlay.State.Value, () => Is.EqualTo(Visibility.Visible));
+            AddUntilStep("wait for load", () => this.ChildrenOfType<MedalAnimation>().Any());
+            AddRepeatStep("dismiss", () => InputManager.Key(Key.Escape), 2);
+            AddUntilStep("overlay hidden", () => overlay.State.Value, () => Is.EqualTo(Visibility.Hidden));
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestMultipleMedalsInQuickSuccession()
+        {
+            awardMedal(new UserAchievementUnlock
+            {
+                Title = "Time And A Half",
+                Description = "Having a right ol' time. One and a half of them, almost.",
+                Slug = @"all-intro-doubletime"
+            });
+            awardMedal(new UserAchievementUnlock
+            {
+                Title = "S-Ranker",
+                Description = "Accuracy is really underrated.",
+                Slug = @"all-secret-rank-s"
+            });
+            awardMedal(new UserAchievementUnlock
+            {
+                Title = "500 Combo",
+                Description = "500 big ones! You're moving up in the world!",
+                Slug = @"osu-combo-500"
+            });
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestDelayMedalDisplayUntilActivationModeAllowsIt()
+        {
+            AddStep("disable overlay activation", () => overlayActivationMode.Value = OverlayActivation.Disabled);
+            awardMedal(new UserAchievementUnlock
+            {
+                Title = "Time And A Half",
+                Description = "Having a right ol' time. One and a half of them, almost.",
+                Slug = @"all-intro-doubletime"
+            });
+            AddUntilStep("overlay hidden", () => overlay.State.Value, () => Is.EqualTo(Visibility.Hidden));
+
+            AddStep("re-enable overlay activation", () => overlayActivationMode.Value = OverlayActivation.All);
+            AddUntilStep("overlay shown", () => overlay.State.Value, () => Is.EqualTo(Visibility.Visible));
+        }
+
+        private void awardMedal(UserAchievementUnlock unlock) => AddStep("award medal", () => dummyAPI.NotificationsClient.Receive(new SocketMessage
+        {
+            Event = @"new",
+            Data = JObject.FromObject(new NewPrivateNotificationEvent
+            {
+                Name = @"user_achievement_unlock",
+                Details = JObject.FromObject(unlock)
+            })
+        }));
     }
 }
diff --git a/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Gameplay/TestScenePerformancePointsCounter.cs b/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Gameplay/TestScenePerformancePointsCounter.cs
index 9622caabf5..eada72326d 100644
--- a/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Gameplay/TestScenePerformancePointsCounter.cs
+++ b/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Gameplay/TestScenePerformancePointsCounter.cs
@@ -3,102 +3,89 @@
 
 #nullable disable
 
-using System;
-using System.Diagnostics;
+using System.Linq;
 using NUnit.Framework;
+using osu.Framework.Allocation;
 using osu.Framework.Bindables;
+using osu.Framework.Extensions.IEnumerableExtensions;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Testing;
-using osu.Game.Rulesets;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Judgements;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Judgements;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Scoring;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring;
 using osu.Game.Screens.Play;
 using osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD;
-using osuTK;
+using osu.Game.Skinning.Triangles;
+using osu.Game.Tests.Gameplay;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Gameplay
 {
-    public partial class TestScenePerformancePointsCounter : OsuTestScene
+    public partial class TestScenePerformancePointsCounter : SkinnableHUDComponentTestScene
     {
-        private DependencyProvidingContainer dependencyContainer;
+        [Cached(typeof(ScoreProcessor))]
+        private readonly ScoreProcessor scoreProcessor = new OsuScoreProcessor();
 
-        private GameplayState gameplayState;
-        private ScoreProcessor scoreProcessor;
+        [Cached]
+        private readonly GameplayState gameplayState = TestGameplayState.Create(new OsuRuleset());
 
         private int iteration;
-        private Bindable<JudgementResult> lastJudgementResult = new Bindable<JudgementResult>();
-        private PerformancePointsCounter counter;
 
-        [SetUpSteps]
-        public void SetUpSteps() => AddStep("create components", () =>
+        protected override Drawable CreateDefaultImplementation() => new TrianglesPerformancePointsCounter();
+        protected override Drawable CreateArgonImplementation() => new ArgonPerformancePointsCounter();
+        protected override Drawable CreateLegacyImplementation() => Empty();
+
+        private Bindable<JudgementResult> lastJudgementResult => (Bindable<JudgementResult>)gameplayState.LastJudgementResult;
+
+        public override void SetUpSteps()
         {
-            var ruleset = CreateRuleset();
-
-            Debug.Assert(ruleset != null);
-
-            var beatmap = CreateWorkingBeatmap(ruleset.RulesetInfo)
-                .GetPlayableBeatmap(ruleset.RulesetInfo);
-
-            lastJudgementResult = new Bindable<JudgementResult>();
-
-            gameplayState = new GameplayState(beatmap, ruleset);
-            gameplayState.LastJudgementResult.BindTo(lastJudgementResult);
-
-            scoreProcessor = new ScoreProcessor(ruleset);
-
-            Child = dependencyContainer = new DependencyProvidingContainer
+            AddStep("reset", () =>
             {
-                RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
-                CachedDependencies = new (Type, object)[]
-                {
-                    (typeof(GameplayState), gameplayState),
-                    (typeof(ScoreProcessor), scoreProcessor)
-                }
-            };
+                var ruleset = new OsuRuleset();
+                var beatmap = CreateWorkingBeatmap(ruleset.RulesetInfo)
+                    .GetPlayableBeatmap(ruleset.RulesetInfo);
 
-            iteration = 0;
-        });
+                iteration = 0;
+                scoreProcessor.ApplyBeatmap(beatmap);
+                lastJudgementResult.SetDefault();
+            });
 
-        protected override Ruleset CreateRuleset() => new OsuRuleset();
+            base.SetUpSteps();
+        }
 
-        private void createCounter() => AddStep("Create counter", () =>
+        [Test]
+        public void TestDisplay()
         {
-            dependencyContainer.Child = counter = new PerformancePointsCounter
-            {
-                Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
-                Origin = Anchor.Centre,
-                Scale = new Vector2(5),
-            };
-        });
+            AddSliderStep("pp", 0, 2000, 0, v => this.ChildrenOfType<PerformancePointsCounter>().ForEach(c => c.Current.Value = v));
+            AddToggleStep("toggle validity", v => this.ChildrenOfType<PerformancePointsCounter>().ForEach(c => c.IsValid = v));
+        }
 
         [Test]
         public void TestBasicCounting()
         {
             int previousValue = 0;
-            createCounter();
 
-            AddAssert("counter displaying zero", () => counter.Current.Value == 0);
+            AddAssert("counter displaying zero", () => this.ChildrenOfType<PerformancePointsCounter>().All(c => c.Current.Value == 0));
 
             AddRepeatStep("Add judgement", applyOneJudgement, 10);
 
-            AddUntilStep("counter non-zero", () => counter.Current.Value > 0);
-            AddUntilStep("counter opaque", () => counter.Child.Alpha == 1);
+            AddUntilStep("counter non-zero", () => this.ChildrenOfType<PerformancePointsCounter>().All(c => c.Current.Value > 0));
+            AddUntilStep("counter valid", () => this.ChildrenOfType<PerformancePointsCounter>().All(c => c.IsValid));
 
             AddStep("Revert judgement", () =>
             {
-                previousValue = counter.Current.Value;
+                previousValue = this.ChildrenOfType<PerformancePointsCounter>().First().Current.Value;
 
                 scoreProcessor.RevertResult(new JudgementResult(new HitObject(), new OsuJudgement()));
             });
 
-            AddUntilStep("counter decreased", () => counter.Current.Value < previousValue);
+            AddUntilStep("counter decreased", () => this.ChildrenOfType<PerformancePointsCounter>().All(c => c.Current.Value < previousValue));
 
             AddStep("Add judgement", applyOneJudgement);
 
-            AddUntilStep("counter non-zero", () => counter.Current.Value > 0);
+            AddUntilStep("counter non-zero", () => this.ChildrenOfType<PerformancePointsCounter>().All(c => c.Current.Value > 0));
         }
 
         [Test]
@@ -106,10 +93,10 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Gameplay
         {
             AddRepeatStep("Add judgement", applyOneJudgement, 10);
 
-            createCounter();
+            AddStep("recreate counter", SetUpComponents);
 
-            AddUntilStep("counter non-zero", () => counter.Current.Value > 0);
-            AddUntilStep("counter opaque", () => counter.Child.Alpha == 1);
+            AddUntilStep("counter non-zero", () => this.ChildrenOfType<PerformancePointsCounter>().All(c => c.Current.Value > 0));
+            AddUntilStep("counter valid", () => this.ChildrenOfType<PerformancePointsCounter>().All(c => c.IsValid));
         }
 
         private void applyOneJudgement()
diff --git a/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Gameplay/TestScenePlayerMaxDimensions.cs b/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Gameplay/TestScenePlayerMaxDimensions.cs
index 53a4abdd07..3f78dedec5 100644
--- a/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Gameplay/TestScenePlayerMaxDimensions.cs
+++ b/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Gameplay/TestScenePlayerMaxDimensions.cs
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Gameplay
 
                 private TextureUpload upscale(TextureUpload textureUpload)
                 {
-                    var image = Image.LoadPixelData(textureUpload.Data.ToArray(), textureUpload.Width, textureUpload.Height);
+                    var image = Image.LoadPixelData(textureUpload.Data, textureUpload.Width, textureUpload.Height);
 
                     // The original texture upload will no longer be returned or used.
                     textureUpload.Dispose();
diff --git a/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Gameplay/TestSceneSkinnableAccuracyCounter.cs b/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Gameplay/TestSceneSkinnableAccuracyCounter.cs
index e088d2ca87..d815b80cbc 100644
--- a/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Gameplay/TestSceneSkinnableAccuracyCounter.cs
+++ b/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Gameplay/TestSceneSkinnableAccuracyCounter.cs
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 using NUnit.Framework;
 using osu.Framework.Allocation;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
-using osu.Framework.Testing;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring;
 using osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD;
@@ -21,10 +20,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Gameplay
         protected override Drawable CreateDefaultImplementation() => new DefaultAccuracyCounter();
         protected override Drawable CreateLegacyImplementation() => new LegacyAccuracyCounter();
 
-        [SetUpSteps]
-        public void SetUpSteps()
+        public override void SetUpSteps()
         {
             AddStep("Set initial accuracy", () => scoreProcessor.Accuracy.Value = 1);
+
+            base.SetUpSteps();
         }
 
         [Test]
diff --git a/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Gameplay/TestSceneSkinnableHealthDisplay.cs b/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Gameplay/TestSceneSkinnableHealthDisplay.cs
index 1849e8abd0..3fd6caf7f2 100644
--- a/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Gameplay/TestSceneSkinnableHealthDisplay.cs
+++ b/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Gameplay/TestSceneSkinnableHealthDisplay.cs
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 using NUnit.Framework;
 using osu.Framework.Allocation;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
-using osu.Framework.Testing;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Judgements;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Judgements;
@@ -25,14 +24,15 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Gameplay
         protected override Drawable CreateDefaultImplementation() => new DefaultHealthDisplay { Scale = new Vector2(0.6f) };
         protected override Drawable CreateLegacyImplementation() => new LegacyHealthDisplay { Scale = new Vector2(0.6f) };
 
-        [SetUpSteps]
-        public void SetUpSteps()
+        public override void SetUpSteps()
         {
             AddStep(@"Reset all", delegate
             {
                 healthProcessor.Health.Value = 1;
                 healthProcessor.Failed += () => false; // health won't be updated if the processor gets into a "fail" state.
             });
+
+            base.SetUpSteps();
         }
 
         protected override void Update()
diff --git a/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Multiplayer/TestSceneMultiplayerMatchSubScreen.cs b/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Multiplayer/TestSceneMultiplayerMatchSubScreen.cs
index a41eff067b..bdfe01ba09 100644
--- a/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Multiplayer/TestSceneMultiplayerMatchSubScreen.cs
+++ b/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Multiplayer/TestSceneMultiplayerMatchSubScreen.cs
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ using osu.Game.Overlays;
 using osu.Game.Overlays.Dialog;
 using osu.Game.Overlays.Mods;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Mods;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Taiko;
@@ -286,6 +287,41 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Multiplayer
             });
         }
 
+        [Test]
+        [FlakyTest] // See above
+        public void TestModSelectOverlay()
+        {
+            AddStep("add playlist item", () =>
+            {
+                SelectedRoom.Value.Playlist.Add(new PlaylistItem(new TestBeatmap(new OsuRuleset().RulesetInfo).BeatmapInfo)
+                {
+                    RulesetID = new OsuRuleset().RulesetInfo.OnlineID,
+                    RequiredMods = new[]
+                    {
+                        new APIMod(new OsuModDoubleTime { SpeedChange = { Value = 2.0 } }),
+                        new APIMod(new OsuModStrictTracking()),
+                    },
+                    AllowedMods = new[]
+                    {
+                        new APIMod(new OsuModFlashlight()),
+                    }
+                });
+            });
+            ClickButtonWhenEnabled<MultiplayerMatchSettingsOverlay.CreateOrUpdateButton>();
+
+            AddUntilStep("wait for join", () => RoomJoined);
+
+            ClickButtonWhenEnabled<RoomSubScreen.UserModSelectButton>();
+            AddAssert("mod select shows unranked", () => screen.UserModsSelectOverlay.ChildrenOfType<RankingInformationDisplay>().Single().Ranked.Value == false);
+            AddAssert("score multiplier = 1.20", () => screen.UserModsSelectOverlay.ChildrenOfType<RankingInformationDisplay>().Single().ModMultiplier.Value, () => Is.EqualTo(1.2).Within(0.01));
+
+            AddStep("select flashlight", () => screen.UserModsSelectOverlay.ChildrenOfType<ModPanel>().Single(m => m.Mod is ModFlashlight).TriggerClick());
+            AddAssert("score multiplier = 1.35", () => screen.UserModsSelectOverlay.ChildrenOfType<RankingInformationDisplay>().Single().ModMultiplier.Value, () => Is.EqualTo(1.35).Within(0.01));
+
+            AddStep("change flashlight setting", () => ((OsuModFlashlight)screen.UserModsSelectOverlay.SelectedMods.Value.Single()).FollowDelay.Value = 1200);
+            AddAssert("score multiplier = 1.20", () => screen.UserModsSelectOverlay.ChildrenOfType<RankingInformationDisplay>().Single().ModMultiplier.Value, () => Is.EqualTo(1.2).Within(0.01));
+        }
+
         private partial class TestMultiplayerMatchSubScreen : MultiplayerMatchSubScreen
         {
             [Resolved(canBeNull: true)]
diff --git a/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Navigation/TestSceneScreenNavigation.cs b/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Navigation/TestSceneScreenNavigation.cs
index 7e42d4781d..0fa2fd4b0b 100644
--- a/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Navigation/TestSceneScreenNavigation.cs
+++ b/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Navigation/TestSceneScreenNavigation.cs
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 using System;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
+using Newtonsoft.Json.Linq;
 using NUnit.Framework;
 using osu.Framework.Allocation;
 using osu.Framework.Configuration;
@@ -24,6 +25,8 @@ using osu.Game.Graphics.Containers;
 using osu.Game.Graphics.UserInterface;
 using osu.Game.Online.API;
 using osu.Game.Online.Leaderboards;
+using osu.Game.Online.Notifications.WebSocket;
+using osu.Game.Online.Notifications.WebSocket.Events;
 using osu.Game.Overlays;
 using osu.Game.Overlays.BeatmapListing;
 using osu.Game.Overlays.Mods;
@@ -340,6 +343,28 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Navigation
             AddUntilStep("wait for results", () => Game.ScreenStack.CurrentScreen is ResultsScreen);
         }
 
+        [Test]
+        public void TestShowMedalAtResults()
+        {
+            playToResults();
+
+            AddStep("award medal", () => ((DummyAPIAccess)API).NotificationsClient.Receive(new SocketMessage
+            {
+                Event = @"new",
+                Data = JObject.FromObject(new NewPrivateNotificationEvent
+                {
+                    Name = @"user_achievement_unlock",
+                    Details = JObject.FromObject(new UserAchievementUnlock
+                    {
+                        Title = "Time And A Half",
+                        Description = "Having a right ol' time. One and a half of them, almost.",
+                        Slug = @"all-intro-doubletime"
+                    })
+                })
+            }));
+            AddUntilStep("medal overlay shown", () => Game.ChildrenOfType<MedalOverlay>().Single().State.Value, () => Is.EqualTo(Visibility.Visible));
+        }
+
         [Test]
         public void TestRetryFromResults()
         {
diff --git a/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Ranking/TestSceneDrawableRank.cs b/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Ranking/TestSceneDrawableRank.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..804c8dfc44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Ranking/TestSceneDrawableRank.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using System;
+using System.Linq;
+using NUnit.Framework;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
+using osu.Game.Online.Leaderboards;
+using osu.Game.Scoring;
+using osuTK;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Ranking
+{
+    public partial class TestSceneDrawableRank : OsuTestScene
+    {
+        [Test]
+        public void TestAllRanks()
+        {
+            AddStep("create content", () => Child = new FillFlowContainer<DrawableRank>
+            {
+                AutoSizeAxes = Axes.X,
+                RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Y,
+                Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                Direction = FillDirection.Vertical,
+                Padding = new MarginPadding(20),
+                Spacing = new Vector2(10),
+                ChildrenEnumerable = Enum.GetValues<ScoreRank>().OrderBy(v => v).Select(rank => new DrawableRank(rank)
+                {
+                    RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.None,
+                    Size = new Vector2(50, 25),
+                    Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                    Origin = Anchor.Centre
+                })
+            });
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Ranking/TestSceneExpandedPanelMiddleContent.cs b/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Ranking/TestSceneExpandedPanelMiddleContent.cs
index d71c72f4ec..d97946a1d5 100644
--- a/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Ranking/TestSceneExpandedPanelMiddleContent.cs
+++ b/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Ranking/TestSceneExpandedPanelMiddleContent.cs
@@ -88,8 +88,20 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Ranking
             AddAssert("play time not displayed", () => !this.ChildrenOfType<ExpandedPanelMiddleContent.PlayedOnText>().Any());
         }
 
-        private void showPanel(ScoreInfo score) =>
-            Child = new ExpandedPanelMiddleContentContainer(score);
+        [Test]
+        public void TestFailedSDisplay([Values] bool withFlair)
+        {
+            AddStep("show failed S score", () =>
+            {
+                var score = TestResources.CreateTestScoreInfo(createTestBeatmap(new RealmUser()));
+                score.Rank = ScoreRank.A;
+                score.Accuracy = 0.975;
+                showPanel(score, withFlair);
+            });
+        }
+
+        private void showPanel(ScoreInfo score, bool withFlair = false) =>
+            Child = new ExpandedPanelMiddleContentContainer(score, withFlair);
 
         private BeatmapInfo createTestBeatmap([NotNull] RealmUser author)
         {
@@ -107,7 +119,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Ranking
 
         private partial class ExpandedPanelMiddleContentContainer : Container
         {
-            public ExpandedPanelMiddleContentContainer(ScoreInfo score)
+            public ExpandedPanelMiddleContentContainer(ScoreInfo score, bool withFlair)
             {
                 Anchor = Anchor.Centre;
                 Origin = Anchor.Centre;
@@ -119,7 +131,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Ranking
                         RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
                         Colour = Color4Extensions.FromHex("#444"),
                     },
-                    new ExpandedPanelMiddleContent(score)
+                    new ExpandedPanelMiddleContent(score, withFlair)
                 };
             }
         }
diff --git a/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/UserInterface/TestSceneModEffectPreviewPanel.cs b/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/UserInterface/TestSceneModEffectPreviewPanel.cs
index b3ad5a499e..cdb6900f06 100644
--- a/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/UserInterface/TestSceneModEffectPreviewPanel.cs
+++ b/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/UserInterface/TestSceneModEffectPreviewPanel.cs
@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.UserInterface
             {
                 Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
                 Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                Mods = { BindTarget = SelectedMods },
             });
 
             AddStep("set beatmap", () =>
diff --git a/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/UserInterface/TestSceneModSelectOverlay.cs b/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/UserInterface/TestSceneModSelectOverlay.cs
index b26e126249..6c75530a6e 100644
--- a/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/UserInterface/TestSceneModSelectOverlay.cs
+++ b/osu.Game.Tests/Visual/UserInterface/TestSceneModSelectOverlay.cs
@@ -859,6 +859,30 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.UserInterface
                 () => modSelectOverlay.ChildrenOfType<RankingInformationDisplay>().Single().ModMultiplier.Value, () => Is.EqualTo(0.3).Within(Precision.DOUBLE_EPSILON));
         }
 
+        [Test]
+        public void TestModSettingsOrder()
+        {
+            createScreen();
+
+            AddStep("select DT + HD + DF", () => SelectedMods.Value = new Mod[] { new OsuModDoubleTime(), new OsuModHidden(), new OsuModDeflate() });
+            AddAssert("mod settings order: DT, HD, DF", () =>
+            {
+                var columns = this.ChildrenOfType<ModSettingsArea>().Single().ChildrenOfType<ModSettingsArea.ModSettingsColumn>();
+                return columns.ElementAt(0).Mod is OsuModDoubleTime &&
+                       columns.ElementAt(1).Mod is OsuModHidden &&
+                       columns.ElementAt(2).Mod is OsuModDeflate;
+            });
+
+            AddStep("replace DT with NC", () => SelectedMods.Value = SelectedMods.Value.Where(m => m is not ModDoubleTime).Append(new OsuModNightcore()).ToList());
+            AddAssert("mod settings order: NC, HD, DF", () =>
+            {
+                var columns = this.ChildrenOfType<ModSettingsArea>().Single().ChildrenOfType<ModSettingsArea.ModSettingsColumn>();
+                return columns.ElementAt(0).Mod is OsuModNightcore &&
+                       columns.ElementAt(1).Mod is OsuModHidden &&
+                       columns.ElementAt(2).Mod is OsuModDeflate;
+            });
+        }
+
         private void waitForColumnLoad() => AddUntilStep("all column content loaded", () =>
             modSelectOverlay.ChildrenOfType<ModColumn>().Any()
             && modSelectOverlay.ChildrenOfType<ModColumn>().All(column => column.IsLoaded && column.ItemsLoaded)
diff --git a/osu.Game/Audio/HitSampleInfo.cs b/osu.Game/Audio/HitSampleInfo.cs
index 24cb1730bf..f9c93d72ff 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Audio/HitSampleInfo.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Audio/HitSampleInfo.cs
@@ -80,6 +80,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Audio
                     yield return $"Gameplay/{Bank}-{Name}{Suffix}";
 
                 yield return $"Gameplay/{Bank}-{Name}";
+
+                yield return $"Gameplay/{Name}";
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/osu.Game/Beatmaps/BeatmapPanelBackgroundTextureLoaderStore.cs b/osu.Game/Beatmaps/BeatmapPanelBackgroundTextureLoaderStore.cs
index 128e100e4b..cf58ae73fe 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Beatmaps/BeatmapPanelBackgroundTextureLoaderStore.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Beatmaps/BeatmapPanelBackgroundTextureLoaderStore.cs
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Beatmaps
             // The original texture upload will no longer be returned or used.
             textureUpload.Dispose();
 
-            Size size = image.Size();
+            Size size = image.Size;
 
             // Assume that panel backgrounds are always displayed using `FillMode.Fill`.
             // Also assume that all backgrounds are wider than they are tall, so the
diff --git a/osu.Game/Beatmaps/Drawables/Cards/BeatmapCardThumbnail.cs b/osu.Game/Beatmaps/Drawables/Cards/BeatmapCardThumbnail.cs
index 5a26a988fb..cd498c474a 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Beatmaps/Drawables/Cards/BeatmapCardThumbnail.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Beatmaps/Drawables/Cards/BeatmapCardThumbnail.cs
@@ -86,11 +86,15 @@ namespace osu.Game.Beatmaps.Drawables.Cards
             Dimmed.BindValueChanged(_ => updateState());
 
             playButton.Playing.BindValueChanged(_ => updateState(), true);
-            ((IBindable<double>)progress.Current).BindTo(playButton.Progress);
-
             FinishTransforms(true);
         }
 
+        protected override void Update()
+        {
+            base.Update();
+            progress.Progress = playButton.Progress.Value;
+        }
+
         private void updateState()
         {
             bool shouldDim = Dimmed.Value || playButton.Playing.Value;
diff --git a/osu.Game/Beatmaps/Formats/LegacyStoryboardDecoder.cs b/osu.Game/Beatmaps/Formats/LegacyStoryboardDecoder.cs
index cf4700bf85..6689f087cb 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Beatmaps/Formats/LegacyStoryboardDecoder.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Beatmaps/Formats/LegacyStoryboardDecoder.cs
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
-using osu.Framework.Utils;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps.Legacy;
 using osu.Game.IO;
 using osu.Game.Storyboards;
@@ -230,7 +229,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Beatmaps.Formats
                             {
                                 float startValue = Parsing.ParseFloat(split[4]);
                                 float endValue = split.Length > 5 ? Parsing.ParseFloat(split[5]) : startValue;
-                                timelineGroup?.Rotation.Add(easing, startTime, endTime, MathUtils.RadiansToDegrees(startValue), MathUtils.RadiansToDegrees(endValue));
+                                timelineGroup?.Rotation.Add(easing, startTime, endTime, float.RadiansToDegrees(startValue), float.RadiansToDegrees(endValue));
                                 break;
                             }
 
diff --git a/osu.Game/Beatmaps/Timing/TimeSignature.cs b/osu.Game/Beatmaps/Timing/TimeSignature.cs
index 7499a725dc..377a878631 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Beatmaps/Timing/TimeSignature.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Beatmaps/Timing/TimeSignature.cs
@@ -23,8 +23,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Beatmaps.Timing
 
         public TimeSignature(int numerator)
         {
-            if (numerator < 1)
-                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(numerator), numerator, "The numerator of a time signature must be positive.");
+            ArgumentOutOfRangeException.ThrowIfNegativeOrZero(numerator);
 
             Numerator = numerator;
         }
diff --git a/osu.Game/Database/RealmAccess.cs b/osu.Game/Database/RealmAccess.cs
index 4bd7f36cdd..167d170c81 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Database/RealmAccess.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Database/RealmAccess.cs
@@ -489,8 +489,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Database
         /// <param name="action">The work to run.</param>
         public Task WriteAsync(Action<Realm> action)
         {
-            if (isDisposed)
-                throw new ObjectDisposedException(nameof(RealmAccess));
+            ObjectDisposedException.ThrowIf(isDisposed, this);
 
             // Required to ensure the write is tracked and accounted for before disposal.
             // Can potentially be avoided if we have a need to do so in the future.
@@ -675,8 +674,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Database
 
         private Realm getRealmInstance()
         {
-            if (isDisposed)
-                throw new ObjectDisposedException(nameof(RealmAccess));
+            ObjectDisposedException.ThrowIf(isDisposed, this);
 
             bool tookSemaphoreLock = false;
 
@@ -1189,8 +1187,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Database
             if (!ThreadSafety.IsUpdateThread)
                 throw new InvalidOperationException(@$"{nameof(BlockAllOperations)} must be called from the update thread.");
 
-            if (isDisposed)
-                throw new ObjectDisposedException(nameof(RealmAccess));
+            ObjectDisposedException.ThrowIf(isDisposed, this);
 
             SynchronizationContext? syncContext = null;
 
diff --git a/osu.Game/Database/StandardisedScoreMigrationTools.cs b/osu.Game/Database/StandardisedScoreMigrationTools.cs
index 0594c80390..6f2f8d64fa 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Database/StandardisedScoreMigrationTools.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Database/StandardisedScoreMigrationTools.cs
@@ -415,7 +415,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Database
 
                     // Calculate how many times the longest combo the user has achieved in the play can repeat
                     // without exceeding the combo portion in score V1 as achieved by the player.
-                    // This is a pessimistic estimate; it intentionally does not operate on object count and uses only score instead.
+                    // This intentionally does not operate on object count and uses only score instead.
                     double maximumOccurrencesOfLongestCombo = Math.Floor(comboPortionInScoreV1 / comboPortionFromLongestComboInScoreV1);
                     double comboPortionFromRepeatedLongestCombosInScoreV1 = maximumOccurrencesOfLongestCombo * comboPortionFromLongestComboInScoreV1;
 
@@ -426,13 +426,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Database
                     // ...and then based on that raw combo length, we calculate how much this last combo is worth in standardised score.
                     double remainingComboPortionInStandardisedScore = Math.Pow(remainingCombo, 1 + ScoreProcessor.COMBO_EXPONENT);
 
-                    double lowerEstimateOfComboPortionInStandardisedScore
+                    double scoreBasedEstimateOfComboPortionInStandardisedScore
                         = maximumOccurrencesOfLongestCombo * comboPortionFromLongestComboInStandardisedScore
                           + remainingComboPortionInStandardisedScore;
 
                     // Compute approximate upper estimate new score for that play.
                     // This time, divide the remaining combo among remaining objects equally to achieve longest possible combo lengths.
-                    // There is no rigorous proof that doing this will yield a correct upper bound, but it seems to work out in practice.
                     remainingComboPortionInScoreV1 = comboPortionInScoreV1 - comboPortionFromLongestComboInScoreV1;
                     double remainingCountOfObjectsGivingCombo = maximumLegacyCombo - score.MaxCombo - score.Statistics.GetValueOrDefault(HitResult.Miss);
                     // Because we assumed all combos were equal, `remainingComboPortionInScoreV1`
@@ -449,7 +448,17 @@ namespace osu.Game.Database
                     // we can skip adding the 1 and just multiply by x ^ 0.5.
                     remainingComboPortionInStandardisedScore = remainingCountOfObjectsGivingCombo * Math.Pow(lengthOfRemainingCombos, ScoreProcessor.COMBO_EXPONENT);
 
-                    double upperEstimateOfComboPortionInStandardisedScore = comboPortionFromLongestComboInStandardisedScore + remainingComboPortionInStandardisedScore;
+                    double objectCountBasedEstimateOfComboPortionInStandardisedScore = comboPortionFromLongestComboInStandardisedScore + remainingComboPortionInStandardisedScore;
+
+                    // Enforce some invariants on both of the estimates.
+                    // In rare cases they can produce invalid results.
+                    scoreBasedEstimateOfComboPortionInStandardisedScore =
+                        Math.Clamp(scoreBasedEstimateOfComboPortionInStandardisedScore, 0, maximumAchievableComboPortionInStandardisedScore);
+                    objectCountBasedEstimateOfComboPortionInStandardisedScore =
+                        Math.Clamp(objectCountBasedEstimateOfComboPortionInStandardisedScore, 0, maximumAchievableComboPortionInStandardisedScore);
+
+                    double lowerEstimateOfComboPortionInStandardisedScore = Math.Min(scoreBasedEstimateOfComboPortionInStandardisedScore, objectCountBasedEstimateOfComboPortionInStandardisedScore);
+                    double upperEstimateOfComboPortionInStandardisedScore = Math.Max(scoreBasedEstimateOfComboPortionInStandardisedScore, objectCountBasedEstimateOfComboPortionInStandardisedScore);
 
                     // Approximate by combining lower and upper estimates.
                     // As the lower-estimate is very pessimistic, we use a 30/70 ratio
diff --git a/osu.Game/Graphics/Containers/OsuFocusedOverlayContainer.cs b/osu.Game/Graphics/Containers/OsuFocusedOverlayContainer.cs
index 162c4b6a59..1945b2f0dd 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Graphics/Containers/OsuFocusedOverlayContainer.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Graphics/Containers/OsuFocusedOverlayContainer.cs
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
-#nullable disable
-
 using osu.Framework.Allocation;
 using osu.Framework.Audio;
 using osu.Framework.Audio.Sample;
@@ -20,10 +18,10 @@ namespace osu.Game.Graphics.Containers
     [Cached(typeof(IPreviewTrackOwner))]
     public abstract partial class OsuFocusedOverlayContainer : FocusedOverlayContainer, IPreviewTrackOwner, IKeyBindingHandler<GlobalAction>
     {
-        private Sample samplePopIn;
-        private Sample samplePopOut;
-        protected virtual string PopInSampleName => "UI/overlay-pop-in";
-        protected virtual string PopOutSampleName => "UI/overlay-pop-out";
+        protected readonly IBindable<OverlayActivation> OverlayActivationMode = new Bindable<OverlayActivation>(OverlayActivation.All);
+
+        protected virtual string? PopInSampleName => @"UI/overlay-pop-in";
+        protected virtual string? PopOutSampleName => @"UI/overlay-pop-out";
         protected virtual double PopInOutSampleBalance => 0;
 
         protected override bool BlockNonPositionalInput => true;
@@ -34,19 +32,23 @@ namespace osu.Game.Graphics.Containers
         /// </summary>
         protected virtual bool DimMainContent => true;
 
-        [Resolved(CanBeNull = true)]
-        private IOverlayManager overlayManager { get; set; }
+        [Resolved]
+        private IOverlayManager? overlayManager { get; set; }
 
         [Resolved]
-        private PreviewTrackManager previewTrackManager { get; set; }
+        private PreviewTrackManager previewTrackManager { get; set; } = null!;
 
-        protected readonly IBindable<OverlayActivation> OverlayActivationMode = new Bindable<OverlayActivation>(OverlayActivation.All);
+        private Sample? samplePopIn;
+        private Sample? samplePopOut;
 
-        [BackgroundDependencyLoader(true)]
-        private void load(AudioManager audio)
+        [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
+        private void load(AudioManager? audio)
         {
-            samplePopIn = audio.Samples.Get(PopInSampleName);
-            samplePopOut = audio.Samples.Get(PopOutSampleName);
+            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(PopInSampleName))
+                samplePopIn = audio?.Samples.Get(PopInSampleName);
+
+            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(PopOutSampleName))
+                samplePopOut = audio?.Samples.Get(PopOutSampleName);
         }
 
         protected override void LoadComplete()
diff --git a/osu.Game/Graphics/Cursor/MenuCursorContainer.cs b/osu.Game/Graphics/Cursor/MenuCursorContainer.cs
index 7e42d45191..696ea62b42 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Graphics/Cursor/MenuCursorContainer.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Graphics/Cursor/MenuCursorContainer.cs
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Graphics.Cursor
                 if (dragRotationState == DragRotationState.Rotating && distance > 0)
                 {
                     Vector2 offset = e.MousePosition - positionMouseDown;
-                    float degrees = MathUtils.RadiansToDegrees(MathF.Atan2(-offset.X, offset.Y)) + 24.3f;
+                    float degrees = float.RadiansToDegrees(MathF.Atan2(-offset.X, offset.Y)) + 24.3f;
 
                     // Always rotate in the direction of least distance
                     float diff = (degrees - activeCursor.Rotation) % 360;
diff --git a/osu.Game/Graphics/OsuColour.cs b/osu.Game/Graphics/OsuColour.cs
index 985898958c..c479d0cfe4 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Graphics/OsuColour.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Graphics/OsuColour.cs
@@ -63,8 +63,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Graphics
                 case ScoreRank.C:
                     return Color4Extensions.FromHex(@"ff8e5d");
 
-                default:
+                case ScoreRank.D:
                     return Color4Extensions.FromHex(@"ff5a5a");
+
+                case ScoreRank.F:
+                default:
+                    return Color4Extensions.FromHex(@"3f3f3f");
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/osu.Game/Graphics/UserInterface/OsuNumberBox.cs b/osu.Game/Graphics/UserInterface/OsuNumberBox.cs
index df92863797..e9b28f4771 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Graphics/UserInterface/OsuNumberBox.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Graphics/UserInterface/OsuNumberBox.cs
@@ -1,14 +1,12 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
-using osu.Framework.Extensions;
-
 namespace osu.Game.Graphics.UserInterface
 {
     public partial class OsuNumberBox : OsuTextBox
     {
         protected override bool AllowIme => false;
 
-        protected override bool CanAddCharacter(char character) => character.IsAsciiDigit();
+        protected override bool CanAddCharacter(char character) => char.IsAsciiDigit(character);
     }
 }
diff --git a/osu.Game/Graphics/UserInterface/OsuTabControl.cs b/osu.Game/Graphics/UserInterface/OsuTabControl.cs
index c260c92b43..f24977927f 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Graphics/UserInterface/OsuTabControl.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Graphics/UserInterface/OsuTabControl.cs
@@ -116,18 +116,18 @@ namespace osu.Game.Graphics.UserInterface
                 }
             }
 
-            private const float transition_length = 500;
+            protected const float TRANSITION_LENGTH = 500;
 
-            protected void FadeHovered()
+            protected virtual void FadeHovered()
             {
-                Bar.FadeIn(transition_length, Easing.OutQuint);
-                Text.FadeColour(Color4.White, transition_length, Easing.OutQuint);
+                Bar.FadeIn(TRANSITION_LENGTH, Easing.OutQuint);
+                Text.FadeColour(Color4.White, TRANSITION_LENGTH, Easing.OutQuint);
             }
 
-            protected void FadeUnhovered()
+            protected virtual void FadeUnhovered()
             {
-                Bar.FadeTo(IsHovered ? 1 : 0, transition_length, Easing.OutQuint);
-                Text.FadeColour(IsHovered ? Color4.White : AccentColour, transition_length, Easing.OutQuint);
+                Bar.FadeTo(IsHovered ? 1 : 0, TRANSITION_LENGTH, Easing.OutQuint);
+                Text.FadeColour(IsHovered ? Color4.White : AccentColour, TRANSITION_LENGTH, Easing.OutQuint);
             }
 
             protected override bool OnHover(HoverEvent e)
diff --git a/osu.Game/IO/Archives/ZipArchiveReader.cs b/osu.Game/IO/Archives/ZipArchiveReader.cs
index 5ef03b3641..7d7ce858dd 100644
--- a/osu.Game/IO/Archives/ZipArchiveReader.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/IO/Archives/ZipArchiveReader.cs
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using Microsoft.Toolkit.HighPerformance;
-using osu.Framework.Extensions;
 using osu.Framework.IO.Stores;
 using SharpCompress.Archives.Zip;
 using SixLabors.ImageSharp.Memory;
@@ -36,7 +35,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.IO.Archives
             var owner = MemoryAllocator.Default.Allocate<byte>((int)entry.Size);
 
             using (Stream s = entry.OpenEntryStream())
-                s.ReadToFill(owner.Memory.Span);
+                s.ReadExactly(owner.Memory.Span);
 
             return new MemoryOwnerMemoryStream(owner);
         }
diff --git a/osu.Game/IO/WrappedStorage.cs b/osu.Game/IO/WrappedStorage.cs
index 95ff26db6a..5a8f4aef59 100644
--- a/osu.Game/IO/WrappedStorage.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/IO/WrappedStorage.cs
@@ -80,8 +80,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.IO
 
         public override Storage GetStorageForDirectory(string path)
         {
-            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(path))
-                throw new ArgumentException("Must be non-null and not empty string", nameof(path));
+            ArgumentException.ThrowIfNullOrEmpty(path);
 
             if (!path.EndsWith(Path.DirectorySeparatorChar))
                 path += Path.DirectorySeparatorChar;
diff --git a/osu.Game/Online/API/Requests/Responses/SoloScoreInfo.cs b/osu.Game/Online/API/Requests/Responses/SoloScoreInfo.cs
index 6f321fd401..64caddb2fc 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Online/API/Requests/Responses/SoloScoreInfo.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Online/API/Requests/Responses/SoloScoreInfo.cs
@@ -245,8 +245,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Online.API.Requests.Responses
             RulesetID = score.RulesetID,
             Passed = score.Passed,
             Mods = score.APIMods,
-            Statistics = score.Statistics.Where(kvp => kvp.Value != 0).ToDictionary(kvp => kvp.Key, kvp => kvp.Value),
-            MaximumStatistics = score.MaximumStatistics.Where(kvp => kvp.Value != 0).ToDictionary(kvp => kvp.Key, kvp => kvp.Value),
+            Statistics = score.Statistics.Where(kvp => kvp.Value != 0).ToDictionary(),
+            MaximumStatistics = score.MaximumStatistics.Where(kvp => kvp.Value != 0).ToDictionary(),
         };
     }
 }
diff --git a/osu.Game/Online/Chat/WebSocketChatClient.cs b/osu.Game/Online/Chat/WebSocketChatClient.cs
index 8e1b501b25..37774a1f5d 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Online/Chat/WebSocketChatClient.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Online/Chat/WebSocketChatClient.cs
@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@ using osu.Framework.Logging;
 using osu.Game.Online.API;
 using osu.Game.Online.API.Requests;
 using osu.Game.Online.Notifications.WebSocket;
+using osu.Game.Online.Notifications.WebSocket.Events;
+using osu.Game.Online.Notifications.WebSocket.Requests;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Online.Chat
 {
diff --git a/osu.Game/Online/Leaderboards/DrawableRank.cs b/osu.Game/Online/Leaderboards/DrawableRank.cs
index 5177f35478..0b0ab11410 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Online/Leaderboards/DrawableRank.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Online/Leaderboards/DrawableRank.cs
@@ -95,8 +95,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Online.Leaderboards
                 case ScoreRank.C:
                     return Color4Extensions.FromHex(@"473625");
 
-                default:
+                case ScoreRank.D:
                     return Color4Extensions.FromHex(@"512525");
+
+                case ScoreRank.F:
+                default:
+                    return Color4Extensions.FromHex(@"CC3333");
             }
         }
     }
diff --git a/osu.Game/Online/Notifications/WebSocket/NewChatMessageData.cs b/osu.Game/Online/Notifications/WebSocket/Events/NewChatMessageData.cs
similarity index 94%
rename from osu.Game/Online/Notifications/WebSocket/NewChatMessageData.cs
rename to osu.Game/Online/Notifications/WebSocket/Events/NewChatMessageData.cs
index 850fbd226b..ff9f5ee9f7 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Online/Notifications/WebSocket/NewChatMessageData.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Online/Notifications/WebSocket/Events/NewChatMessageData.cs
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ using Newtonsoft.Json;
 using osu.Game.Online.API.Requests.Responses;
 using osu.Game.Online.Chat;
 
-namespace osu.Game.Online.Notifications.WebSocket
+namespace osu.Game.Online.Notifications.WebSocket.Events
 {
     /// <summary>
     /// A websocket message sent from the server when new messages arrive.
diff --git a/osu.Game/Online/Notifications/WebSocket/Events/NewPrivateNotificationEvent.cs b/osu.Game/Online/Notifications/WebSocket/Events/NewPrivateNotificationEvent.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1fc9636136
--- /dev/null
+++ b/osu.Game/Online/Notifications/WebSocket/Events/NewPrivateNotificationEvent.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using System;
+using Newtonsoft.Json;
+using Newtonsoft.Json.Linq;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Online.Notifications.WebSocket.Events
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Reference: https://github.com/ppy/osu-web/blob/master/app/Events/NewPrivateNotificationEvent.php
+    /// </summary>
+    public class NewPrivateNotificationEvent
+    {
+        [JsonProperty("id")]
+        public ulong ID { get; set; }
+
+        [JsonProperty("name")]
+        public string Name { get; set; } = string.Empty;
+
+        [JsonProperty("created_at")]
+        public DateTimeOffset CreatedAt { get; set; }
+
+        [JsonProperty("object_type")]
+        public string ObjectType { get; set; } = string.Empty;
+
+        [JsonProperty("object_id")]
+        public ulong ObjectId { get; set; }
+
+        [JsonProperty("source_user_id")]
+        public uint SourceUserID { get; set; }
+
+        [JsonProperty("is_read")]
+        public bool IsRead { get; set; }
+
+        [JsonProperty("details")]
+        public JObject? Details { get; set; }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/osu.Game/Online/Notifications/WebSocket/Events/UserAchievementUnlock.cs b/osu.Game/Online/Notifications/WebSocket/Events/UserAchievementUnlock.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6c7c8af4f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/osu.Game/Online/Notifications/WebSocket/Events/UserAchievementUnlock.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using Newtonsoft.Json;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Online.Notifications.WebSocket.Events
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Reference: https://github.com/ppy/osu-web/blob/master/app/Jobs/Notifications/UserAchievementUnlock.php
+    /// </summary>
+    public class UserAchievementUnlock
+    {
+        [JsonProperty("achievement_id")]
+        public uint AchievementId { get; set; }
+
+        [JsonProperty("achievement_mode")]
+        public ushort? AchievementMode { get; set; }
+
+        [JsonProperty("cover_url")]
+        public string CoverUrl { get; set; } = string.Empty;
+
+        [JsonProperty("slug")]
+        public string Slug { get; set; } = string.Empty;
+
+        [JsonProperty("title")]
+        public string Title { get; set; } = string.Empty;
+
+        [JsonProperty("description")]
+        public string Description { get; set; } = string.Empty;
+
+        [JsonProperty("user_id")]
+        public uint UserId { get; set; }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/osu.Game/Online/Notifications/WebSocket/EndChatRequest.cs b/osu.Game/Online/Notifications/WebSocket/Requests/EndChatRequest.cs
similarity index 89%
rename from osu.Game/Online/Notifications/WebSocket/EndChatRequest.cs
rename to osu.Game/Online/Notifications/WebSocket/Requests/EndChatRequest.cs
index 7f67587f5d..9058fea815 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Online/Notifications/WebSocket/EndChatRequest.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Online/Notifications/WebSocket/Requests/EndChatRequest.cs
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 
 using Newtonsoft.Json;
 
-namespace osu.Game.Online.Notifications.WebSocket
+namespace osu.Game.Online.Notifications.WebSocket.Requests
 {
     /// <summary>
     /// A websocket message notifying the server that the client no longer wants to receive chat messages.
diff --git a/osu.Game/Online/Notifications/WebSocket/StartChatRequest.cs b/osu.Game/Online/Notifications/WebSocket/Requests/StartChatRequest.cs
similarity index 89%
rename from osu.Game/Online/Notifications/WebSocket/StartChatRequest.cs
rename to osu.Game/Online/Notifications/WebSocket/Requests/StartChatRequest.cs
index 9dd69a7377..bc96415642 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Online/Notifications/WebSocket/StartChatRequest.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Online/Notifications/WebSocket/Requests/StartChatRequest.cs
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 
 using Newtonsoft.Json;
 
-namespace osu.Game.Online.Notifications.WebSocket
+namespace osu.Game.Online.Notifications.WebSocket.Requests
 {
     /// <summary>
     /// A websocket message notifying the server that the client wants to receive chat messages.
diff --git a/osu.Game/OsuGame.cs b/osu.Game/OsuGame.cs
index eb1219f183..732d5f867c 100644
--- a/osu.Game/OsuGame.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/OsuGame.cs
@@ -1083,6 +1083,7 @@ namespace osu.Game
 
             loadComponentSingleFile(new AccountCreationOverlay(), topMostOverlayContent.Add, true);
             loadComponentSingleFile<IDialogOverlay>(new DialogOverlay(), topMostOverlayContent.Add, true);
+            loadComponentSingleFile(new MedalOverlay(), topMostOverlayContent.Add);
 
             loadComponentSingleFile(new BackgroundDataStoreProcessor(), Add);
 
diff --git a/osu.Game/Overlays/MedalAnimation.cs b/osu.Game/Overlays/MedalAnimation.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..25776d50db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/osu.Game/Overlays/MedalAnimation.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,312 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using osuTK;
+using osuTK.Graphics;
+using osu.Framework.Extensions.Color4Extensions;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Colour;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
+using osu.Game.Users;
+using osu.Game.Graphics;
+using osu.Game.Graphics.Backgrounds;
+using osu.Game.Overlays.MedalSplash;
+using osu.Framework.Allocation;
+using osu.Framework.Audio.Sample;
+using osu.Framework.Audio;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Textures;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Shapes;
+using System;
+using System.Diagnostics;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Effects;
+using osu.Framework.Utils;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Overlays
+{
+    public partial class MedalAnimation : VisibilityContainer
+    {
+        public const float DISC_SIZE = 400;
+
+        private const float border_width = 5;
+
+        private readonly Medal medal;
+        private readonly Box background;
+        private readonly Container backgroundStrip, particleContainer;
+        private readonly BackgroundStrip leftStrip, rightStrip;
+        private readonly CircularContainer disc;
+        private readonly Sprite innerSpin, outerSpin;
+
+        private DrawableMedal? drawableMedal;
+        private Sample? getSample;
+
+        private readonly Container content;
+
+        public MedalAnimation(Medal medal)
+        {
+            this.medal = medal;
+            RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both;
+
+            Child = content = new Container
+            {
+                Alpha = 0,
+                RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                Children = new Drawable[]
+                {
+                    background = new Box
+                    {
+                        RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                        Colour = Color4.Black.Opacity(60),
+                    },
+                    outerSpin = new Sprite
+                    {
+                        Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                        Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                        Size = new Vector2(DISC_SIZE + 500),
+                        Alpha = 0f,
+                    },
+                    backgroundStrip = new Container
+                    {
+                        Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                        Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                        RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.X,
+                        Height = border_width,
+                        Alpha = 0f,
+                        Children = new[]
+                        {
+                            new Container
+                            {
+                                RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                                Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                                Origin = Anchor.CentreRight,
+                                Width = 0.5f,
+                                Padding = new MarginPadding { Right = DISC_SIZE / 2 },
+                                Children = new[]
+                                {
+                                    leftStrip = new BackgroundStrip(0f, 1f)
+                                    {
+                                        Anchor = Anchor.TopRight,
+                                        Origin = Anchor.TopRight,
+                                    },
+                                },
+                            },
+                            new Container
+                            {
+                                RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                                Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                                Origin = Anchor.CentreLeft,
+                                Width = 0.5f,
+                                Padding = new MarginPadding { Left = DISC_SIZE / 2 },
+                                Children = new[]
+                                {
+                                    rightStrip = new BackgroundStrip(1f, 0f),
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    particleContainer = new Container
+                    {
+                        RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                        Alpha = 0f,
+                    },
+                    disc = new CircularContainer
+                    {
+                        Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                        Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                        Alpha = 0f,
+                        Masking = true,
+                        AlwaysPresent = true,
+                        BorderColour = Color4.White,
+                        BorderThickness = border_width,
+                        Size = new Vector2(DISC_SIZE),
+                        Scale = new Vector2(0.8f),
+                        Children = new Drawable[]
+                        {
+                            new Box
+                            {
+                                RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                                Colour = Color4Extensions.FromHex(@"05262f"),
+                            },
+                            new Triangles
+                            {
+                                RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                                TriangleScale = 2,
+                                ColourDark = Color4Extensions.FromHex(@"04222b"),
+                                ColourLight = Color4Extensions.FromHex(@"052933"),
+                            },
+                            innerSpin = new Sprite
+                            {
+                                Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                                Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                                RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                                Size = new Vector2(1.05f),
+                                Alpha = 0.25f,
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                }
+            };
+
+            Show();
+        }
+
+        [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
+        private void load(OsuColour colours, TextureStore textures, AudioManager audio)
+        {
+            getSample = audio.Samples.Get(@"MedalSplash/medal-get");
+            innerSpin.Texture = outerSpin.Texture = textures.Get(@"MedalSplash/disc-spin");
+
+            disc.EdgeEffect = leftStrip.EdgeEffect = rightStrip.EdgeEffect = new EdgeEffectParameters
+            {
+                Type = EdgeEffectType.Glow,
+                Colour = colours.Blue.Opacity(0.5f),
+                Radius = 50,
+            };
+        }
+
+        protected override void LoadComplete()
+        {
+            base.LoadComplete();
+
+            LoadComponentAsync(drawableMedal = new DrawableMedal(medal)
+            {
+                Anchor = Anchor.TopCentre,
+                Origin = Anchor.TopCentre,
+                RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+            }, loaded =>
+            {
+                disc.Add(loaded);
+                startAnimation();
+            });
+        }
+
+        protected override void Update()
+        {
+            base.Update();
+
+            particleContainer.Add(new MedalParticle(RNG.Next(0, 359)));
+        }
+
+        private const double initial_duration = 400;
+        private const double step_duration = 900;
+
+        private void startAnimation()
+        {
+            content.Show();
+
+            background.FlashColour(Color4.White.Opacity(0.25f), 400);
+
+            getSample?.Play();
+
+            innerSpin.Spin(20000, RotationDirection.Clockwise);
+            outerSpin.Spin(40000, RotationDirection.Clockwise);
+
+            using (BeginDelayedSequence(200))
+            {
+                disc.FadeIn(initial_duration)
+                    .ScaleTo(1f, initial_duration * 2, Easing.OutElastic);
+
+                particleContainer.FadeIn(initial_duration);
+                outerSpin.FadeTo(0.1f, initial_duration * 2);
+
+                using (BeginDelayedSequence(initial_duration + 200))
+                {
+                    backgroundStrip.FadeIn(step_duration);
+                    leftStrip.ResizeWidthTo(1f, step_duration, Easing.OutQuint);
+                    rightStrip.ResizeWidthTo(1f, step_duration, Easing.OutQuint);
+
+                    Debug.Assert(drawableMedal != null);
+
+                    this.Animate().Schedule(() =>
+                    {
+                        if (drawableMedal.State != DisplayState.Full)
+                            drawableMedal.State = DisplayState.Icon;
+                    }).Delay(step_duration).Schedule(() =>
+                    {
+                        if (drawableMedal.State != DisplayState.Full)
+                            drawableMedal.State = DisplayState.MedalUnlocked;
+                    }).Delay(step_duration).Schedule(() =>
+                    {
+                        if (drawableMedal.State != DisplayState.Full)
+                            drawableMedal.State = DisplayState.Full;
+                    });
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        protected override void PopIn()
+        {
+            this.FadeIn(200);
+        }
+
+        protected override void PopOut()
+        {
+            this.FadeOut(200);
+        }
+
+        public void Dismiss()
+        {
+            if (drawableMedal != null && drawableMedal.State != DisplayState.Full)
+            {
+                // if we haven't yet, play out the animation fully
+                drawableMedal.State = DisplayState.Full;
+                FinishTransforms(true);
+                return;
+            }
+
+            Hide();
+            Expire();
+        }
+
+        private partial class BackgroundStrip : Container
+        {
+            public BackgroundStrip(float start, float end)
+            {
+                RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both;
+                Width = 0f;
+                Colour = ColourInfo.GradientHorizontal(Color4.White.Opacity(start), Color4.White.Opacity(end));
+                Masking = true;
+
+                Children = new[]
+                {
+                    new Box
+                    {
+                        RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                        Colour = Color4.White,
+                    }
+                };
+            }
+        }
+
+        private partial class MedalParticle : CircularContainer
+        {
+            private readonly float direction;
+
+            private Vector2 positionForOffset(float offset) => new Vector2((float)(offset * Math.Sin(direction)), (float)(offset * Math.Cos(direction)));
+
+            public MedalParticle(float direction)
+            {
+                this.direction = direction;
+                Anchor = Anchor.Centre;
+                Origin = Anchor.Centre;
+                Position = positionForOffset(DISC_SIZE / 2);
+                Masking = true;
+            }
+
+            [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
+            private void load(OsuColour colours)
+            {
+                EdgeEffect = new EdgeEffectParameters
+                {
+                    Type = EdgeEffectType.Glow,
+                    Colour = colours.Blue.Opacity(0.5f),
+                    Radius = 5,
+                };
+
+                this.MoveTo(positionForOffset(DISC_SIZE / 2 + 200), 500);
+                this.FadeOut(500);
+                Expire();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/osu.Game/Overlays/MedalOverlay.cs b/osu.Game/Overlays/MedalOverlay.cs
index eba35ec6f9..072d7db6c7 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Overlays/MedalOverlay.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Overlays/MedalOverlay.cs
@@ -1,324 +1,130 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
-#nullable disable
-
-using osuTK;
-using osuTK.Graphics;
-using osu.Framework.Extensions.Color4Extensions;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+using osu.Framework.Allocation;
+using osu.Framework.Extensions.ObjectExtensions;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
-using osu.Framework.Graphics.Colour;
-using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
-using osu.Game.Users;
-using osu.Game.Graphics;
-using osu.Game.Graphics.Backgrounds;
-using osu.Game.Overlays.MedalSplash;
-using osu.Framework.Allocation;
-using osu.Framework.Audio.Sample;
-using osu.Framework.Audio;
-using osu.Framework.Graphics.Textures;
-using osuTK.Input;
-using osu.Framework.Graphics.Shapes;
-using System;
-using osu.Framework.Graphics.Effects;
 using osu.Framework.Input.Events;
-using osu.Framework.Utils;
+using osu.Game.Graphics.Containers;
+using osu.Game.Input.Bindings;
+using osu.Game.Online.API;
+using osu.Game.Online.Notifications.WebSocket;
+using osu.Game.Online.Notifications.WebSocket.Events;
+using osu.Game.Users;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Overlays
 {
-    public partial class MedalOverlay : FocusedOverlayContainer
+    public partial class MedalOverlay : OsuFocusedOverlayContainer
     {
-        public const float DISC_SIZE = 400;
+        protected override string? PopInSampleName => null;
+        protected override string? PopOutSampleName => null;
 
-        private const float border_width = 5;
+        public override bool IsPresent => base.IsPresent || Scheduler.HasPendingTasks;
 
-        private readonly Medal medal;
-        private readonly Box background;
-        private readonly Container backgroundStrip, particleContainer;
-        private readonly BackgroundStrip leftStrip, rightStrip;
-        private readonly CircularContainer disc;
-        private readonly Sprite innerSpin, outerSpin;
-        private DrawableMedal drawableMedal;
+        protected override void PopIn() => this.FadeIn();
 
-        private Sample getSample;
+        protected override void PopOut() => this.FadeOut();
 
-        private readonly Container content;
+        private readonly Queue<MedalAnimation> queuedMedals = new Queue<MedalAnimation>();
 
-        public MedalOverlay(Medal medal)
-        {
-            this.medal = medal;
-            RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both;
+        [Resolved]
+        private IAPIProvider api { get; set; } = null!;
 
-            Child = content = new Container
-            {
-                Alpha = 0,
-                RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
-                Children = new Drawable[]
-                {
-                    background = new Box
-                    {
-                        RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
-                        Colour = Color4.Black.Opacity(60),
-                    },
-                    outerSpin = new Sprite
-                    {
-                        Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
-                        Origin = Anchor.Centre,
-                        Size = new Vector2(DISC_SIZE + 500),
-                        Alpha = 0f,
-                    },
-                    backgroundStrip = new Container
-                    {
-                        Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
-                        Origin = Anchor.Centre,
-                        RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.X,
-                        Height = border_width,
-                        Alpha = 0f,
-                        Children = new[]
-                        {
-                            new Container
-                            {
-                                RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
-                                Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
-                                Origin = Anchor.CentreRight,
-                                Width = 0.5f,
-                                Padding = new MarginPadding { Right = DISC_SIZE / 2 },
-                                Children = new[]
-                                {
-                                    leftStrip = new BackgroundStrip(0f, 1f)
-                                    {
-                                        Anchor = Anchor.TopRight,
-                                        Origin = Anchor.TopRight,
-                                    },
-                                },
-                            },
-                            new Container
-                            {
-                                RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
-                                Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
-                                Origin = Anchor.CentreLeft,
-                                Width = 0.5f,
-                                Padding = new MarginPadding { Left = DISC_SIZE / 2 },
-                                Children = new[]
-                                {
-                                    rightStrip = new BackgroundStrip(1f, 0f),
-                                },
-                            },
-                        },
-                    },
-                    particleContainer = new Container
-                    {
-                        RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
-                        Alpha = 0f,
-                    },
-                    disc = new CircularContainer
-                    {
-                        Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
-                        Origin = Anchor.Centre,
-                        Alpha = 0f,
-                        Masking = true,
-                        AlwaysPresent = true,
-                        BorderColour = Color4.White,
-                        BorderThickness = border_width,
-                        Size = new Vector2(DISC_SIZE),
-                        Scale = new Vector2(0.8f),
-                        Children = new Drawable[]
-                        {
-                            new Box
-                            {
-                                RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
-                                Colour = Color4Extensions.FromHex(@"05262f"),
-                            },
-                            new Triangles
-                            {
-                                RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
-                                TriangleScale = 2,
-                                ColourDark = Color4Extensions.FromHex(@"04222b"),
-                                ColourLight = Color4Extensions.FromHex(@"052933"),
-                            },
-                            innerSpin = new Sprite
-                            {
-                                Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
-                                Origin = Anchor.Centre,
-                                RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
-                                Size = new Vector2(1.05f),
-                                Alpha = 0.25f,
-                            },
-                        },
-                    },
-                }
-            };
-
-            Show();
-        }
+        private Container<Drawable> medalContainer = null!;
+        private MedalAnimation? lastAnimation;
 
         [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
-        private void load(OsuColour colours, TextureStore textures, AudioManager audio)
+        private void load()
         {
-            getSample = audio.Samples.Get(@"MedalSplash/medal-get");
-            innerSpin.Texture = outerSpin.Texture = textures.Get(@"MedalSplash/disc-spin");
+            RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both;
 
-            disc.EdgeEffect = leftStrip.EdgeEffect = rightStrip.EdgeEffect = new EdgeEffectParameters
+            api.NotificationsClient.MessageReceived += handleMedalMessages;
+
+            Add(medalContainer = new Container
             {
-                Type = EdgeEffectType.Glow,
-                Colour = colours.Blue.Opacity(0.5f),
-                Radius = 50,
-            };
+                RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both
+            });
         }
 
         protected override void LoadComplete()
         {
             base.LoadComplete();
 
-            LoadComponentAsync(drawableMedal = new DrawableMedal(medal)
+            OverlayActivationMode.BindValueChanged(val =>
             {
-                Anchor = Anchor.TopCentre,
-                Origin = Anchor.TopCentre,
-                RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
-            }, loaded =>
+                if (val.NewValue == OverlayActivation.All && (queuedMedals.Any() || medalContainer.Any() || lastAnimation?.IsLoaded == false))
+                    Show();
+            }, true);
+        }
+
+        private void handleMedalMessages(SocketMessage obj)
+        {
+            if (obj.Event != @"new")
+                return;
+
+            var data = obj.Data?.ToObject<NewPrivateNotificationEvent>();
+            if (data == null || data.Name != @"user_achievement_unlock")
+                return;
+
+            var details = data.Details?.ToObject<UserAchievementUnlock>();
+            if (details == null)
+                return;
+
+            var medal = new Medal
             {
-                disc.Add(loaded);
-                startAnimation();
-            });
+                Name = details.Title,
+                InternalName = details.Slug,
+                Description = details.Description,
+            };
+
+            var medalAnimation = new MedalAnimation(medal);
+            queuedMedals.Enqueue(medalAnimation);
+            if (OverlayActivationMode.Value == OverlayActivation.All)
+                Scheduler.AddOnce(Show);
         }
 
         protected override void Update()
         {
             base.Update();
 
-            particleContainer.Add(new MedalParticle(RNG.Next(0, 359)));
+            if (medalContainer.Any() || lastAnimation?.IsLoaded == false)
+                return;
+
+            if (!queuedMedals.TryDequeue(out lastAnimation))
+            {
+                Hide();
+                return;
+            }
+
+            LoadComponentAsync(lastAnimation, medalContainer.Add);
         }
 
         protected override bool OnClick(ClickEvent e)
         {
-            dismiss();
+            lastAnimation?.Dismiss();
             return true;
         }
 
-        protected override void OnFocusLost(FocusLostEvent e)
+        public override bool OnPressed(KeyBindingPressEvent<GlobalAction> e)
         {
-            if (e.CurrentState.Keyboard.Keys.IsPressed(Key.Escape)) dismiss();
-        }
-
-        private const double initial_duration = 400;
-        private const double step_duration = 900;
-
-        private void startAnimation()
-        {
-            content.Show();
-
-            background.FlashColour(Color4.White.Opacity(0.25f), 400);
-
-            getSample.Play();
-
-            innerSpin.Spin(20000, RotationDirection.Clockwise);
-            outerSpin.Spin(40000, RotationDirection.Clockwise);
-
-            using (BeginDelayedSequence(200))
+            if (e.Action == GlobalAction.Back)
             {
-                disc.FadeIn(initial_duration)
-                    .ScaleTo(1f, initial_duration * 2, Easing.OutElastic);
-
-                particleContainer.FadeIn(initial_duration);
-                outerSpin.FadeTo(0.1f, initial_duration * 2);
-
-                using (BeginDelayedSequence(initial_duration + 200))
-                {
-                    backgroundStrip.FadeIn(step_duration);
-                    leftStrip.ResizeWidthTo(1f, step_duration, Easing.OutQuint);
-                    rightStrip.ResizeWidthTo(1f, step_duration, Easing.OutQuint);
-
-                    this.Animate().Schedule(() =>
-                    {
-                        if (drawableMedal.State != DisplayState.Full)
-                            drawableMedal.State = DisplayState.Icon;
-                    }).Delay(step_duration).Schedule(() =>
-                    {
-                        if (drawableMedal.State != DisplayState.Full)
-                            drawableMedal.State = DisplayState.MedalUnlocked;
-                    }).Delay(step_duration).Schedule(() =>
-                    {
-                        if (drawableMedal.State != DisplayState.Full)
-                            drawableMedal.State = DisplayState.Full;
-                    });
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        protected override void PopIn()
-        {
-            this.FadeIn(200);
-        }
-
-        protected override void PopOut()
-        {
-            this.FadeOut(200);
-        }
-
-        private void dismiss()
-        {
-            if (drawableMedal.State != DisplayState.Full)
-            {
-                // if we haven't yet, play out the animation fully
-                drawableMedal.State = DisplayState.Full;
-                FinishTransforms(true);
-                return;
+                lastAnimation?.Dismiss();
+                return true;
             }
 
-            Hide();
-            Expire();
+            return base.OnPressed(e);
         }
 
-        private partial class BackgroundStrip : Container
+        protected override void Dispose(bool isDisposing)
         {
-            public BackgroundStrip(float start, float end)
-            {
-                RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both;
-                Width = 0f;
-                Colour = ColourInfo.GradientHorizontal(Color4.White.Opacity(start), Color4.White.Opacity(end));
-                Masking = true;
+            base.Dispose(isDisposing);
 
-                Children = new[]
-                {
-                    new Box
-                    {
-                        RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
-                        Colour = Color4.White,
-                    }
-                };
-            }
-        }
-
-        private partial class MedalParticle : CircularContainer
-        {
-            private readonly float direction;
-
-            private Vector2 positionForOffset(float offset) => new Vector2((float)(offset * Math.Sin(direction)), (float)(offset * Math.Cos(direction)));
-
-            public MedalParticle(float direction)
-            {
-                this.direction = direction;
-                Anchor = Anchor.Centre;
-                Origin = Anchor.Centre;
-                Position = positionForOffset(DISC_SIZE / 2);
-                Masking = true;
-            }
-
-            [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
-            private void load(OsuColour colours)
-            {
-                EdgeEffect = new EdgeEffectParameters
-                {
-                    Type = EdgeEffectType.Glow,
-                    Colour = colours.Blue.Opacity(0.5f),
-                    Radius = 5,
-                };
-
-                this.MoveTo(positionForOffset(DISC_SIZE / 2 + 200), 500);
-                this.FadeOut(500);
-                Expire();
-            }
+            if (api.IsNotNull())
+                api.NotificationsClient.MessageReceived -= handleMedalMessages;
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/osu.Game/Overlays/MedalSplash/DrawableMedal.cs b/osu.Game/Overlays/MedalSplash/DrawableMedal.cs
index f4f6fd2bc1..2beed6645a 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Overlays/MedalSplash/DrawableMedal.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Overlays/MedalSplash/DrawableMedal.cs
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.MedalSplash
         public DrawableMedal(Medal medal)
         {
             this.medal = medal;
-            Position = new Vector2(0f, MedalOverlay.DISC_SIZE / 2);
+            Position = new Vector2(0f, MedalAnimation.DISC_SIZE / 2);
 
             FillFlowContainer infoFlow;
             Children = new Drawable[]
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.MedalSplash
                         .ScaleTo(1);
 
                     this.ScaleTo(scale_when_unlocked, duration, Easing.OutExpo);
-                    this.MoveToY(MedalOverlay.DISC_SIZE / 2 - 30, duration, Easing.OutExpo);
+                    this.MoveToY(MedalAnimation.DISC_SIZE / 2 - 30, duration, Easing.OutExpo);
                     unlocked.FadeInFromZero(duration);
                     break;
 
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.MedalSplash
                         .ScaleTo(1);
 
                     this.ScaleTo(scale_when_full, duration, Easing.OutExpo);
-                    this.MoveToY(MedalOverlay.DISC_SIZE / 2 - 60, duration, Easing.OutExpo);
+                    this.MoveToY(MedalAnimation.DISC_SIZE / 2 - 60, duration, Easing.OutExpo);
                     unlocked.Show();
                     name.FadeInFromZero(duration + 100);
                     description.FadeInFromZero(duration * 2);
diff --git a/osu.Game/Overlays/Mods/BeatmapAttributesDisplay.cs b/osu.Game/Overlays/Mods/BeatmapAttributesDisplay.cs
index 2f0b39bfbd..c58cf710bd 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Overlays/Mods/BeatmapAttributesDisplay.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Overlays/Mods/BeatmapAttributesDisplay.cs
@@ -40,8 +40,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.Mods
 
         public Bindable<IBeatmapInfo?> BeatmapInfo { get; } = new Bindable<IBeatmapInfo?>();
 
-        [Resolved]
-        private Bindable<IReadOnlyList<Mod>> mods { get; set; } = null!;
+        public Bindable<IReadOnlyList<Mod>> Mods { get; } = new Bindable<IReadOnlyList<Mod>>();
 
         public BindableBool Collapsed { get; } = new BindableBool(true);
 
@@ -53,7 +52,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.Mods
         [Resolved]
         private OsuGameBase game { get; set; } = null!;
 
-        private IBindable<RulesetInfo> gameRuleset = null!;
+        protected IBindable<RulesetInfo> GameRuleset = null!;
 
         private CancellationTokenSource? cancellationSource;
         private IBindable<StarDifficulty?> starDifficulty = null!;
@@ -101,15 +100,15 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.Mods
         {
             base.LoadComplete();
 
-            mods.BindValueChanged(_ =>
+            Mods.BindValueChanged(_ =>
             {
                 modSettingChangeTracker?.Dispose();
-                modSettingChangeTracker = new ModSettingChangeTracker(mods.Value);
+                modSettingChangeTracker = new ModSettingChangeTracker(Mods.Value);
                 modSettingChangeTracker.SettingChanged += _ => updateValues();
                 updateValues();
             }, true);
 
-            BeatmapInfo.BindValueChanged(_ => updateValues(), true);
+            BeatmapInfo.BindValueChanged(_ => updateValues());
 
             Collapsed.BindValueChanged(_ =>
             {
@@ -118,11 +117,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.Mods
                 updateCollapsedState();
             });
 
-            gameRuleset = game.Ruleset.GetBoundCopy();
-            gameRuleset.BindValueChanged(_ => updateValues());
+            GameRuleset = game.Ruleset.GetBoundCopy();
+            GameRuleset.BindValueChanged(_ => updateValues());
 
-            BeatmapInfo.BindValueChanged(_ => updateValues(), true);
+            BeatmapInfo.BindValueChanged(_ => updateValues());
 
+            updateValues();
             updateCollapsedState();
         }
 
@@ -166,17 +166,17 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.Mods
             });
 
             double rate = 1;
-            foreach (var mod in mods.Value.OfType<IApplicableToRate>())
+            foreach (var mod in Mods.Value.OfType<IApplicableToRate>())
                 rate = mod.ApplyToRate(0, rate);
 
             bpmDisplay.Current.Value = FormatUtils.RoundBPM(BeatmapInfo.Value.BPM, rate);
 
             BeatmapDifficulty originalDifficulty = new BeatmapDifficulty(BeatmapInfo.Value.Difficulty);
 
-            foreach (var mod in mods.Value.OfType<IApplicableToDifficulty>())
+            foreach (var mod in Mods.Value.OfType<IApplicableToDifficulty>())
                 mod.ApplyToDifficulty(originalDifficulty);
 
-            Ruleset ruleset = gameRuleset.Value.CreateInstance();
+            Ruleset ruleset = GameRuleset.Value.CreateInstance();
             BeatmapDifficulty adjustedDifficulty = ruleset.GetRateAdjustedDisplayDifficulty(originalDifficulty, rate);
 
             TooltipContent = new AdjustedAttributesTooltip.Data(originalDifficulty, adjustedDifficulty);
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.Mods
             RightContent.FadeTo(Collapsed.Value && !IsHovered ? 0 : 1, transition_duration, Easing.OutQuint);
         }
 
-        private partial class BPMDisplay : RollingCounter<int>
+        public partial class BPMDisplay : RollingCounter<int>
         {
             protected override double RollingDuration => 250;
 
diff --git a/osu.Game/Overlays/Mods/ModSelectOverlay.cs b/osu.Game/Overlays/Mods/ModSelectOverlay.cs
index ce1d0d27a3..53c24dc828 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Overlays/Mods/ModSelectOverlay.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Overlays/Mods/ModSelectOverlay.cs
@@ -43,6 +43,14 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.Mods
         [Cached]
         public Bindable<IReadOnlyList<Mod>> SelectedMods { get; private set; } = new Bindable<IReadOnlyList<Mod>>(Array.Empty<Mod>());
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Contains a list of mods which <see cref="ModSelectOverlay"/> should read from to display effects on the selected beatmap.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <remarks>
+        /// This is different from <see cref="SelectedMods"/> in screens like online-play rooms, where there are required mods activated from the playlist.
+        /// </remarks>
+        public Bindable<IReadOnlyList<Mod>> ActiveMods { get; private set; } = new Bindable<IReadOnlyList<Mod>>(Array.Empty<Mod>());
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Contains a dictionary with the current <see cref="ModState"/> of all mods applicable for the current ruleset.
         /// </summary>
@@ -97,6 +105,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.Mods
 
         protected virtual IReadOnlyList<Mod> ComputeNewModsFromSelection(IReadOnlyList<Mod> oldSelection, IReadOnlyList<Mod> newSelection) => newSelection;
 
+        protected virtual IReadOnlyList<Mod> ComputeActiveMods() => SelectedMods.Value;
+
         protected virtual IEnumerable<ShearedButton> CreateFooterButtons()
         {
             if (AllowCustomisation)
@@ -279,7 +289,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.Mods
                         {
                             Anchor = Anchor.BottomRight,
                             Origin = Anchor.BottomRight,
-                            BeatmapInfo = { Value = beatmap?.BeatmapInfo }
+                            BeatmapInfo = { Value = Beatmap?.BeatmapInfo },
                         },
                     }
                 });
@@ -316,20 +326,26 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.Mods
 
             SelectedMods.BindValueChanged(_ =>
             {
-                updateRankingInformation();
                 updateFromExternalSelection();
                 updateCustomisation();
 
+                ActiveMods.Value = ComputeActiveMods();
+            }, true);
+
+            ActiveMods.BindValueChanged(_ =>
+            {
+                updateOverlayInformation();
+
                 modSettingChangeTracker?.Dispose();
 
                 if (AllowCustomisation)
                 {
-                    // Importantly, use SelectedMods.Value here (and not the ValueChanged NewValue) as the latter can
+                    // Importantly, use ActiveMods.Value here (and not the ValueChanged NewValue) as the latter can
                     // potentially be stale, due to complexities in the way change trackers work.
                     //
                     // See https://github.com/ppy/osu/pull/23284#issuecomment-1529056988
-                    modSettingChangeTracker = new ModSettingChangeTracker(SelectedMods.Value);
-                    modSettingChangeTracker.SettingChanged += _ => updateRankingInformation();
+                    modSettingChangeTracker = new ModSettingChangeTracker(ActiveMods.Value);
+                    modSettingChangeTracker.SettingChanged += _ => updateOverlayInformation();
                 }
             }, true);
 
@@ -341,12 +357,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.Mods
                     column.SearchTerm = query.NewValue;
             }, true);
 
-            // Start scrolled slightly to the right to give the user a sense that
+            // Start scrolling from the end, to give the user a sense that
             // there is more horizontal content available.
             ScheduleAfterChildren(() =>
             {
-                columnScroll.ScrollTo(200, false);
-                columnScroll.ScrollToStart();
+                columnScroll.ScrollToEnd(false);
+                columnScroll.ScrollTo(0);
             });
         }
 
@@ -454,18 +470,25 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.Mods
                 modState.ValidForSelection.Value = modState.Mod.Type != ModType.System && modState.Mod.HasImplementation && IsValidMod.Invoke(modState.Mod);
         }
 
-        private void updateRankingInformation()
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Updates any information displayed on the overlay regarding the effects of the active mods.
+        /// This reads from <see cref="ActiveMods"/> instead of <see cref="SelectedMods"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        private void updateOverlayInformation()
         {
-            if (rankingInformationDisplay == null)
-                return;
+            if (rankingInformationDisplay != null)
+            {
+                double multiplier = 1.0;
 
-            double multiplier = 1.0;
+                foreach (var mod in ActiveMods.Value)
+                    multiplier *= mod.ScoreMultiplier;
 
-            foreach (var mod in SelectedMods.Value)
-                multiplier *= mod.ScoreMultiplier;
+                rankingInformationDisplay.ModMultiplier.Value = multiplier;
+                rankingInformationDisplay.Ranked.Value = ActiveMods.Value.All(m => m.Ranked);
+            }
 
-            rankingInformationDisplay.ModMultiplier.Value = multiplier;
-            rankingInformationDisplay.Ranked.Value = SelectedMods.Value.All(m => m.Ranked);
+            if (beatmapAttributesDisplay != null)
+                beatmapAttributesDisplay.Mods.Value = ActiveMods.Value;
         }
 
         private void updateCustomisation()
diff --git a/osu.Game/Overlays/Mods/ModSettingsArea.cs b/osu.Game/Overlays/Mods/ModSettingsArea.cs
index 54bfcc7199..d0e0f7e648 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Overlays/Mods/ModSettingsArea.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Overlays/Mods/ModSettingsArea.cs
@@ -86,7 +86,10 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.Mods
         {
             modSettingsFlow.Clear();
 
-            foreach (var mod in SelectedMods.Value.AsOrdered())
+            // Importantly, the selected mods bindable is already ordered by the mod select overlay (following the order of mod columns and panels).
+            // Using AsOrdered produces a slightly different order (e.g. DT and NC no longer becoming adjacent),
+            // which breaks user expectations when interacting with the overlay.
+            foreach (var mod in SelectedMods.Value)
             {
                 var settings = mod.CreateSettingsControls().ToList();
 
@@ -110,10 +113,14 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.Mods
         protected override bool OnMouseDown(MouseDownEvent e) => true;
         protected override bool OnHover(HoverEvent e) => true;
 
-        private partial class ModSettingsColumn : CompositeDrawable
+        public partial class ModSettingsColumn : CompositeDrawable
         {
+            public readonly Mod Mod;
+
             public ModSettingsColumn(Mod mod, IEnumerable<Drawable> settingsControls)
             {
+                Mod = mod;
+
                 Width = 250;
                 RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Y;
                 Padding = new MarginPadding { Bottom = 7 };
diff --git a/osu.Game/Overlays/Settings/Sections/General/UpdateSettings.cs b/osu.Game/Overlays/Settings/Sections/General/UpdateSettings.cs
index fe88413e6a..82cc952e53 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Overlays/Settings/Sections/General/UpdateSettings.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Overlays/Settings/Sections/General/UpdateSettings.cs
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ using osu.Framework.Localisation;
 using osu.Framework.Logging;
 using osu.Framework.Platform;
 using osu.Framework.Screens;
+using osu.Framework.Statistics;
 using osu.Game.Configuration;
 using osu.Game.Localisation;
 using osu.Game.Overlays.Notifications;
@@ -107,6 +108,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.Settings.Sections.General
 
             try
             {
+                GlobalStatistics.OutputToLog();
+                Logger.Flush();
+
                 var logStorage = Logger.Storage;
 
                 using (var outStream = storage.CreateFileSafely(archive_filename))
diff --git a/osu.Game/Overlays/Settings/Sections/Input/TabletAreaSelection.cs b/osu.Game/Overlays/Settings/Sections/Input/TabletAreaSelection.cs
index 686002fe71..33f4f49173 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Overlays/Settings/Sections/Input/TabletAreaSelection.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Overlays/Settings/Sections/Input/TabletAreaSelection.cs
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ using osu.Framework.Graphics.Primitives;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Shapes;
 using osu.Framework.Input.Events;
 using osu.Framework.Input.Handlers.Tablet;
-using osu.Framework.Utils;
 using osu.Game.Graphics;
 using osu.Game.Graphics.Sprites;
 using osuTK;
@@ -196,7 +195,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.Settings.Sections.Input
             var matrix = Matrix3.Identity;
 
             MatrixExtensions.TranslateFromLeft(ref matrix, offset);
-            MatrixExtensions.RotateFromLeft(ref matrix, MathUtils.DegreesToRadians(rotation.Value));
+            MatrixExtensions.RotateFromLeft(ref matrix, float.DegreesToRadians(rotation.Value));
 
             usableAreaQuad *= matrix;
 
diff --git a/osu.Game/Overlays/Settings/SettingsNumberBox.cs b/osu.Game/Overlays/Settings/SettingsNumberBox.cs
index a0f85eda31..fbcdb4a968 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Overlays/Settings/SettingsNumberBox.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Overlays/Settings/SettingsNumberBox.cs
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
 using osu.Framework.Bindables;
-using osu.Framework.Extensions;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.UserInterface;
@@ -69,7 +68,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.Settings
         {
             protected override bool AllowIme => false;
 
-            protected override bool CanAddCharacter(char character) => character.IsAsciiDigit();
+            protected override bool CanAddCharacter(char character) => char.IsAsciiDigit(character);
 
             public new void NotifyInputError() => base.NotifyInputError();
         }
diff --git a/osu.Game/Overlays/Volume/VolumeMeter.cs b/osu.Game/Overlays/Volume/VolumeMeter.cs
index 6ec4971f06..e96cd0fa46 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Overlays/Volume/VolumeMeter.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Overlays/Volume/VolumeMeter.cs
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.Volume
 
             Bindable.BindValueChanged(volume => { this.TransformTo(nameof(DisplayVolume), volume.NewValue, 400, Easing.OutQuint); }, true);
 
-            bgProgress.Current.Value = 0.75f;
+            bgProgress.Progress = 0.75f;
         }
 
         private int? displayVolumeInt;
@@ -265,8 +265,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.Volume
                     text.Text = intValue.ToString(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture);
                 }
 
-                volumeCircle.Current.Value = displayVolume * 0.75f;
-                volumeCircleGlow.Current.Value = displayVolume * 0.75f;
+                volumeCircle.Progress = displayVolume * 0.75f;
+                volumeCircleGlow.Progress = displayVolume * 0.75f;
 
                 if (intVolumeChanged && IsLoaded)
                     Scheduler.AddOnce(playTickSound);
diff --git a/osu.Game/Overlays/Wiki/WikiPanelContainer.cs b/osu.Game/Overlays/Wiki/WikiPanelContainer.cs
index cbffe5732e..555dab852e 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Overlays/Wiki/WikiPanelContainer.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Overlays/Wiki/WikiPanelContainer.cs
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 
 #nullable disable
 
-using System;
 using Markdig.Syntax;
 using osu.Framework.Allocation;
 using osu.Framework.Extensions.Color4Extensions;
@@ -22,29 +21,61 @@ using osuTK.Graphics;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Overlays.Wiki
 {
-    public partial class WikiPanelContainer : Container
+    public partial class WikiPanelContainer : CompositeDrawable
     {
-        private WikiPanelMarkdownContainer panelContainer;
+        private const float padding = 3;
 
         private readonly string text;
-
         private readonly bool isFullWidth;
 
         public WikiPanelContainer(string text, bool isFullWidth = false)
         {
             this.text = text;
             this.isFullWidth = isFullWidth;
-
-            RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.X;
-            Padding = new MarginPadding(3);
         }
 
+        private PanelBackground background;
+
         [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
-        private void load(OverlayColourProvider colourProvider, IAPIProvider api)
+        private void load(IAPIProvider api)
         {
-            Children = new Drawable[]
+            RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.X;
+            AutoSizeAxes = Axes.Y;
+            InternalChildren = new Drawable[]
             {
+                background = new PanelBackground
+                {
+                    BypassAutoSizeAxes = Axes.Both
+                },
                 new Container
+                {
+                    RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.X,
+                    AutoSizeAxes = Axes.Y,
+                    Padding = new MarginPadding(padding),
+                    Child = new WikiPanelMarkdownContainer(isFullWidth)
+                    {
+                        CurrentPath = $@"{api.WebsiteRootUrl}/wiki/",
+                        Text = text,
+                        RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.X,
+                        AutoSizeAxes = Axes.Y
+                    }
+                }
+            };
+        }
+
+        protected override void Update()
+        {
+            base.Update();
+            background.Size = Parent!.DrawSize * new Vector2(Size.X, 1);
+        }
+
+        private partial class PanelBackground : CompositeDrawable
+        {
+            [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
+            private void load(OverlayColourProvider colourProvider)
+            {
+                Padding = new MarginPadding(padding);
+                InternalChild = new Container
                 {
                     RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
                     Masking = true,
@@ -60,22 +91,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.Wiki
                     {
                         Colour = colourProvider.Background4,
                         RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
-                    },
-                },
-                panelContainer = new WikiPanelMarkdownContainer(isFullWidth)
-                {
-                    CurrentPath = $@"{api.WebsiteRootUrl}/wiki/",
-                    Text = text,
-                    RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.X,
-                    AutoSizeAxes = Axes.Y,
-                }
-            };
-        }
-
-        protected override void Update()
-        {
-            base.Update();
-            Height = Math.Max(panelContainer.Height, Parent!.DrawHeight);
+                    }
+                };
+            }
         }
 
         private partial class WikiPanelMarkdownContainer : WikiMarkdownContainer
diff --git a/osu.Game/Properties/AssemblyInfo.cs b/osu.Game/Properties/AssemblyInfo.cs
index 1b77e45891..be430a0fe4 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Properties/AssemblyInfo.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Properties/AssemblyInfo.cs
@@ -11,3 +11,6 @@ using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
 [assembly: InternalsVisibleTo("osu.Game.Tests.Dynamic")]
 [assembly: InternalsVisibleTo("osu.Game.Tests.iOS")]
 [assembly: InternalsVisibleTo("osu.Game.Tests.Android")]
+
+// intended for Moq usage
+[assembly: InternalsVisibleTo("DynamicProxyGenAssembly2")]
diff --git a/osu.Game/Rulesets/Difficulty/Utils/ReverseQueue.cs b/osu.Game/Rulesets/Difficulty/Utils/ReverseQueue.cs
index 3dc2d133ba..17c3c51cfb 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Rulesets/Difficulty/Utils/ReverseQueue.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Rulesets/Difficulty/Utils/ReverseQueue.cs
@@ -27,8 +27,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Difficulty.Utils
 
         public ReverseQueue(int initialCapacity)
         {
-            if (initialCapacity <= 0)
-                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(initialCapacity));
+            ArgumentOutOfRangeException.ThrowIfNegativeOrZero(initialCapacity);
 
             items = new T[initialCapacity];
             capacity = initialCapacity;
diff --git a/osu.Game/Rulesets/Mods/ModFlashlight.cs b/osu.Game/Rulesets/Mods/ModFlashlight.cs
index c3775b0875..c924915bd0 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Rulesets/Mods/ModFlashlight.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Rulesets/Mods/ModFlashlight.cs
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 using osu.Framework.Allocation;
 using osu.Framework.Bindables;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Primitives;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Rendering;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Rendering.Vertices;
@@ -88,7 +89,13 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods
             flashlight.Combo.BindTo(Combo);
             flashlight.GetPlayfieldScale = () => drawableRuleset.Playfield.Scale;
 
-            drawableRuleset.Overlays.Add(flashlight);
+            drawableRuleset.Overlays.Add(new Container
+            {
+                RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                // workaround for 1px gaps on the edges of the playfield which would sometimes show with "gameplay" screen scaling active.
+                Padding = new MarginPadding(-1),
+                Child = flashlight,
+            });
         }
 
         protected abstract Flashlight CreateFlashlight();
diff --git a/osu.Game/Rulesets/Objects/Types/PathType.cs b/osu.Game/Rulesets/Objects/Types/PathType.cs
index 23f1ccf0bc..6983484dce 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Rulesets/Objects/Types/PathType.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Rulesets/Objects/Types/PathType.cs
@@ -40,8 +40,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects.Types
 
         public static PathType BSpline(int degree)
         {
-            if (degree <= 0)
-                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(degree), "The degree of a B-Spline path must be greater than zero.");
+            ArgumentOutOfRangeException.ThrowIfNegativeOrZero(degree);
 
             return new PathType { Type = SplineType.BSpline, Degree = degree };
         }
diff --git a/osu.Game/Rulesets/UI/DrawableRuleset.cs b/osu.Game/Rulesets/UI/DrawableRuleset.cs
index 13e28279e6..bdc0ff85ba 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Rulesets/UI/DrawableRuleset.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Rulesets/UI/DrawableRuleset.cs
@@ -135,8 +135,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.UI
         protected DrawableRuleset(Ruleset ruleset, IBeatmap beatmap, IReadOnlyList<Mod> mods = null)
             : base(ruleset)
         {
-            if (beatmap == null)
-                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(beatmap), "Beatmap cannot be null.");
+            ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(beatmap);
 
             if (!(beatmap is Beatmap<TObject> tBeatmap))
                 throw new ArgumentException($"{GetType()} expected the beatmap to contain hitobjects of type {typeof(TObject)}.", nameof(beatmap));
diff --git a/osu.Game/Rulesets/UI/FrameStabilityContainer.cs b/osu.Game/Rulesets/UI/FrameStabilityContainer.cs
index 884310e44c..b49924762e 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Rulesets/UI/FrameStabilityContainer.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Rulesets/UI/FrameStabilityContainer.cs
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.UI
             double timeBehind = Math.Abs(proposedTime - referenceClock.CurrentTime);
 
             isCatchingUp.Value = timeBehind > 200;
-            waitingOnFrames.Value = state == PlaybackState.NotValid;
+            waitingOnFrames.Value = hasReplayAttached && state == PlaybackState.NotValid;
 
             manualClock.CurrentTime = proposedTime;
             manualClock.Rate = Math.Abs(referenceClock.Rate) * direction;
diff --git a/osu.Game/Scoring/Legacy/LegacyReplaySoloScoreInfo.cs b/osu.Game/Scoring/Legacy/LegacyReplaySoloScoreInfo.cs
index 2c5b91f10f..afdcef1d21 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Scoring/Legacy/LegacyReplaySoloScoreInfo.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Scoring/Legacy/LegacyReplaySoloScoreInfo.cs
@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Scoring.Legacy
         {
             OnlineID = score.OnlineID,
             Mods = score.APIMods,
-            Statistics = score.Statistics.Where(kvp => kvp.Value != 0).ToDictionary(kvp => kvp.Key, kvp => kvp.Value),
-            MaximumStatistics = score.MaximumStatistics.Where(kvp => kvp.Value != 0).ToDictionary(kvp => kvp.Key, kvp => kvp.Value),
+            Statistics = score.Statistics.Where(kvp => kvp.Value != 0).ToDictionary(),
+            MaximumStatistics = score.MaximumStatistics.Where(kvp => kvp.Value != 0).ToDictionary(),
             ClientVersion = score.ClientVersion,
         };
     }
diff --git a/osu.Game/Scoring/Legacy/LegacyScoreEncoder.cs b/osu.Game/Scoring/Legacy/LegacyScoreEncoder.cs
index 775d87f3f2..4ee4231925 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Scoring/Legacy/LegacyScoreEncoder.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Scoring/Legacy/LegacyScoreEncoder.cs
@@ -45,9 +45,10 @@ namespace osu.Game.Scoring.Legacy
         /// </description></item>
         /// <item><description>30000013: All local scores will use lazer definitions of ranks for consistency. Recalculates the rank of all scores.</description></item>
         /// <item><description>30000014: Fix edge cases in conversion for osu! scores on selected beatmaps. Reconvert all scores.</description></item>
+        /// <item><description>30000015: Fix osu! standardised score estimation algorithm violating basic invariants. Reconvert all scores.</description></item>
         /// </list>
         /// </remarks>
-        public const int LATEST_VERSION = 30000014;
+        public const int LATEST_VERSION = 30000015;
 
         /// <summary>
         /// The first stable-compatible YYYYMMDD format version given to lazer usage of replays.
diff --git a/osu.Game/Scoring/Legacy/ScoreInfoExtensions.cs b/osu.Game/Scoring/Legacy/ScoreInfoExtensions.cs
index 07c35a334f..23624401e2 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Scoring/Legacy/ScoreInfoExtensions.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Scoring/Legacy/ScoreInfoExtensions.cs
@@ -198,10 +198,25 @@ namespace osu.Game.Scoring.Legacy
             }
         }
 
-        public static int? GetCountMiss(this ScoreInfo scoreInfo) =>
-            getCount(scoreInfo, HitResult.Miss);
+        public static int? GetCountMiss(this ScoreInfo scoreInfo)
+        {
+            switch (scoreInfo.Ruleset.OnlineID)
+            {
+                case 0:
+                case 1:
+                case 3:
+                    return getCount(scoreInfo, HitResult.Miss);
+
+                case 2:
+                    return (getCount(scoreInfo, HitResult.Miss) ?? 0) + (getCount(scoreInfo, HitResult.LargeTickMiss) ?? 0);
+            }
+
+            return null;
+        }
 
         public static void SetCountMiss(this ScoreInfo scoreInfo, int value) =>
+            // this does not match the implementation of `GetCountMiss()` for catch,
+            // but we physically cannot recover that data anymore at this point.
             scoreInfo.Statistics[HitResult.Miss] = value;
 
         private static int? getCount(ScoreInfo scoreInfo, HitResult result)
diff --git a/osu.Game/Screens/Edit/Components/Menus/EditorScreenSwitcherControl.cs b/osu.Game/Screens/Edit/Components/Menus/EditorScreenSwitcherControl.cs
index 1f6d61d0ad..2b0b1ea219 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Screens/Edit/Components/Menus/EditorScreenSwitcherControl.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Screens/Edit/Components/Menus/EditorScreenSwitcherControl.cs
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ using osu.Game.Graphics;
 using osu.Game.Graphics.UserInterface;
 using osu.Game.Overlays;
 using osuTK;
+using osuTK.Graphics;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Screens.Edit.Components.Menus
 {
@@ -21,7 +22,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Edit.Components.Menus
 
             TabContainer.RelativeSizeAxes &= ~Axes.X;
             TabContainer.AutoSizeAxes = Axes.X;
-            TabContainer.Padding = new MarginPadding(10);
+            TabContainer.Spacing = Vector2.Zero;
         }
 
         [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
@@ -42,30 +43,51 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Edit.Components.Menus
 
         private partial class TabItem : OsuTabItem
         {
-            private const float transition_length = 250;
+            private readonly Box background;
+            private Color4 backgroundIdleColour;
+            private Color4 backgroundHoverColour;
 
             public TabItem(EditorScreenMode value)
                 : base(value)
             {
-                Text.Margin = new MarginPadding();
+                Text.Margin = new MarginPadding(10);
                 Text.Anchor = Anchor.CentreLeft;
                 Text.Origin = Anchor.CentreLeft;
 
                 Text.Font = OsuFont.TorusAlternate;
 
+                Add(background = new Box
+                {
+                    RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                    Depth = float.MaxValue,
+                });
+
                 Bar.Expire();
             }
 
-            protected override void OnActivated()
+            [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
+            private void load(OverlayColourProvider colourProvider)
             {
-                base.OnActivated();
-                Bar.ScaleTo(new Vector2(1, 5), transition_length, Easing.OutQuint);
+                backgroundIdleColour = colourProvider.Background2;
+                backgroundHoverColour = colourProvider.Background1;
             }
 
-            protected override void OnDeactivated()
+            protected override void LoadComplete()
             {
-                base.OnDeactivated();
-                Bar.ScaleTo(Vector2.One, transition_length, Easing.OutQuint);
+                base.LoadComplete();
+                background.Colour = backgroundIdleColour;
+            }
+
+            protected override void FadeHovered()
+            {
+                base.FadeHovered();
+                background.FadeColour(backgroundHoverColour, TRANSITION_LENGTH, Easing.OutQuint);
+            }
+
+            protected override void FadeUnhovered()
+            {
+                base.FadeUnhovered();
+                background.FadeColour(backgroundIdleColour, TRANSITION_LENGTH, Easing.OutQuint);
             }
         }
     }
diff --git a/osu.Game/Screens/Edit/Compose/Components/CircularDistanceSnapGrid.cs b/osu.Game/Screens/Edit/Compose/Components/CircularDistanceSnapGrid.cs
index e33ef66007..92fe52148c 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Screens/Edit/Compose/Components/CircularDistanceSnapGrid.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Screens/Edit/Compose/Components/CircularDistanceSnapGrid.cs
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Edit.Compose.Components
 
                 Colour = this.baseColour = baseColour;
 
-                Current.Value = 1;
+                Progress = 1;
             }
 
             protected override void Update()
diff --git a/osu.Game/Screens/Edit/Compose/Components/Timeline/TimelineHitObjectBlueprint.cs b/osu.Game/Screens/Edit/Compose/Components/Timeline/TimelineHitObjectBlueprint.cs
index 47dc3fb82e..d4afcc0151 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Screens/Edit/Compose/Components/Timeline/TimelineHitObjectBlueprint.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Screens/Edit/Compose/Components/Timeline/TimelineHitObjectBlueprint.cs
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ using JetBrains.Annotations;
 using osu.Framework.Allocation;
 using osu.Framework.Bindables;
 using osu.Framework.Extensions.Color4Extensions;
+using osu.Framework.Extensions.ObjectExtensions;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Colour;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
@@ -265,6 +266,14 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Edit.Compose.Components.Timeline
             return !Precision.AlmostIntersects(maskingBounds, rect);
         }
 
+        protected override void Dispose(bool isDisposing)
+        {
+            base.Dispose(isDisposing);
+
+            if (skin.IsNotNull())
+                skin.SourceChanged -= updateColour;
+        }
+
         private partial class Tick : Circle
         {
             public Tick()
diff --git a/osu.Game/Screens/Edit/Timing/TapButton.cs b/osu.Game/Screens/Edit/Timing/TapButton.cs
index fd60fb1b5b..d2ae0e76cf 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Screens/Edit/Timing/TapButton.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Screens/Edit/Timing/TapButton.cs
@@ -366,7 +366,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Edit.Timing
                     new CircularProgress
                     {
                         RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
-                        Current = { Value = 1f / light_count - angular_light_gap },
+                        Progress = 1f / light_count - angular_light_gap,
                         Colour = colourProvider.Background2,
                     },
                     fillContent = new Container
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Edit.Timing
                             new CircularProgress
                             {
                                 RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
-                                Current = { Value = 1f / light_count - angular_light_gap },
+                                Progress = 1f / light_count - angular_light_gap,
                                 Blending = BlendingParameters.Additive
                             },
                             // Please do not try and make sense of this.
@@ -388,7 +388,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Edit.Timing
                             Glow = new CircularProgress
                             {
                                 RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
-                                Current = { Value = 1f / light_count - 0.01f },
+                                Progress = 1f / light_count - 0.01f,
                                 Blending = BlendingParameters.Additive
                             }.WithEffect(new GlowEffect
                             {
diff --git a/osu.Game/Screens/Menu/LogoVisualisation.cs b/osu.Game/Screens/Menu/LogoVisualisation.cs
index b722b83280..6d9d2f69b7 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Screens/Menu/LogoVisualisation.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Screens/Menu/LogoVisualisation.cs
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ using osu.Framework.Graphics.Rendering;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Rendering.Vertices;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Shaders;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Textures;
-using osu.Framework.Utils;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
 using osuTK;
 using osuTK.Graphics;
@@ -209,13 +208,13 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Menu
                         if (audioData[i] < amplitude_dead_zone)
                             continue;
 
-                        float rotation = MathUtils.DegreesToRadians(i / (float)bars_per_visualiser * 360 + j * 360 / visualiser_rounds);
+                        float rotation = float.DegreesToRadians(i / (float)bars_per_visualiser * 360 + j * 360 / visualiser_rounds);
                         float rotationCos = MathF.Cos(rotation);
                         float rotationSin = MathF.Sin(rotation);
                         // taking the cos and sin to the 0..1 range
                         var barPosition = new Vector2(rotationCos / 2 + 0.5f, rotationSin / 2 + 0.5f) * size;
 
-                        var barSize = new Vector2(size * MathF.Sqrt(2 * (1 - MathF.Cos(MathUtils.DegreesToRadians(360f / bars_per_visualiser)))) / 2f, bar_length * audioData[i]);
+                        var barSize = new Vector2(size * MathF.Sqrt(2 * (1 - MathF.Cos(float.DegreesToRadians(360f / bars_per_visualiser)))) / 2f, bar_length * audioData[i]);
                         // The distance between the position and the sides of the bar.
                         var bottomOffset = new Vector2(-rotationSin * barSize.X / 2, rotationCos * barSize.X / 2);
                         // The distance between the bottom side of the bar and the top side.
diff --git a/osu.Game/Screens/OnlinePlay/Match/RoomModSelectOverlay.cs b/osu.Game/Screens/OnlinePlay/Match/RoomModSelectOverlay.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..55e077df0f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/osu.Game/Screens/OnlinePlay/Match/RoomModSelectOverlay.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Diagnostics;
+using System.Linq;
+using osu.Framework.Allocation;
+using osu.Framework.Bindables;
+using osu.Game.Online.Rooms;
+using osu.Game.Overlays;
+using osu.Game.Overlays.Mods;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Match
+{
+    public partial class RoomModSelectOverlay : UserModSelectOverlay
+    {
+        [Resolved]
+        private IBindable<PlaylistItem> selectedItem { get; set; } = null!;
+
+        [Resolved]
+        private RulesetStore rulesets { get; set; } = null!;
+
+        private readonly List<Mod> roomRequiredMods = new List<Mod>();
+
+        public RoomModSelectOverlay()
+            : base(OverlayColourScheme.Plum)
+        {
+        }
+
+        protected override void LoadComplete()
+        {
+            base.LoadComplete();
+
+            selectedItem.BindValueChanged(v =>
+            {
+                roomRequiredMods.Clear();
+
+                if (v.NewValue is PlaylistItem item)
+                {
+                    var rulesetInstance = rulesets.GetRuleset(item.RulesetID)?.CreateInstance();
+                    Debug.Assert(rulesetInstance != null);
+                    roomRequiredMods.AddRange(item.RequiredMods.Select(m => m.ToMod(rulesetInstance)));
+                }
+
+                ActiveMods.Value = ComputeActiveMods();
+            }, true);
+        }
+
+        protected override IReadOnlyList<Mod> ComputeActiveMods() => roomRequiredMods.Concat(base.ComputeActiveMods()).ToList();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/osu.Game/Screens/OnlinePlay/Match/RoomSubScreen.cs b/osu.Game/Screens/OnlinePlay/Match/RoomSubScreen.cs
index 4c0219eff5..97fbb83992 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Screens/OnlinePlay/Match/RoomSubScreen.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Screens/OnlinePlay/Match/RoomSubScreen.cs
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Match
                 }
             };
 
-            LoadComponent(UserModsSelectOverlay = new UserModSelectOverlay(OverlayColourScheme.Plum)
+            LoadComponent(UserModsSelectOverlay = new RoomModSelectOverlay
             {
                 SelectedMods = { BindTarget = UserMods },
                 IsValidMod = _ => false
diff --git a/osu.Game/Screens/Play/GameplayClockContainer.cs b/osu.Game/Screens/Play/GameplayClockContainer.cs
index c039d1e535..255877e0aa 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Screens/Play/GameplayClockContainer.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Screens/Play/GameplayClockContainer.cs
@@ -122,8 +122,17 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
             StopGameplayClock();
         }
 
-        protected virtual void StartGameplayClock() => GameplayClock.Start();
-        protected virtual void StopGameplayClock() => GameplayClock.Stop();
+        protected virtual void StartGameplayClock()
+        {
+            Logger.Log($"{nameof(GameplayClockContainer)} started via call to {nameof(StartGameplayClock)}");
+            GameplayClock.Start();
+        }
+
+        protected virtual void StopGameplayClock()
+        {
+            Logger.Log($"{nameof(GameplayClockContainer)} stopped via call to {nameof(StopGameplayClock)}");
+            GameplayClock.Stop();
+        }
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Resets this <see cref="GameplayClockContainer"/> and the source to an initial state ready for gameplay.
diff --git a/osu.Game/Screens/Play/HUD/ArgonAccuracyCounter.cs b/osu.Game/Screens/Play/HUD/ArgonAccuracyCounter.cs
index 4cc04e1485..d7fe1f52ff 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Screens/Play/HUD/ArgonAccuracyCounter.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Screens/Play/HUD/ArgonAccuracyCounter.cs
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD
     {
         protected override double RollingDuration => 250;
 
-        [SettingSource("Wireframe opacity", "Controls the opacity of the wire frames behind the digits.")]
+        [SettingSource("Wireframe opacity", "Controls the opacity of the wireframes behind the digits.")]
         public BindableFloat WireframeOpacity { get; } = new BindableFloat(0.25f)
         {
             Precision = 0.01f,
diff --git a/osu.Game/Screens/Play/HUD/ArgonComboCounter.cs b/osu.Game/Screens/Play/HUD/ArgonComboCounter.cs
index 3f187650b2..db0480c566 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Screens/Play/HUD/ArgonComboCounter.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Screens/Play/HUD/ArgonComboCounter.cs
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD
 
         protected override double RollingDuration => 250;
 
-        [SettingSource("Wireframe opacity", "Controls the opacity of the wire frames behind the digits.")]
+        [SettingSource("Wireframe opacity", "Controls the opacity of the wireframes behind the digits.")]
         public BindableFloat WireframeOpacity { get; } = new BindableFloat(0.25f)
         {
             Precision = 0.01f,
diff --git a/osu.Game/Screens/Play/HUD/ArgonPerformancePointsCounter.cs b/osu.Game/Screens/Play/HUD/ArgonPerformancePointsCounter.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1620da2f2e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/osu.Game/Screens/Play/HUD/ArgonPerformancePointsCounter.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using System;
+using osu.Framework.Bindables;
+using osu.Framework.Extensions.LocalisationExtensions;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
+using osu.Game.Configuration;
+using osu.Game.Localisation.SkinComponents;
+using osu.Game.Resources.Localisation.Web;
+using osu.Game.Skinning;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD
+{
+    public partial class ArgonPerformancePointsCounter : PerformancePointsCounter, ISerialisableDrawable
+    {
+        private ArgonCounterTextComponent text = null!;
+
+        protected override double RollingDuration => 250;
+
+        private const float alpha_when_invalid = 0.3f;
+
+        [SettingSource("Wireframe opacity", "Controls the opacity of the wireframes behind the digits.")]
+        public BindableFloat WireframeOpacity { get; } = new BindableFloat(0.25f)
+        {
+            Precision = 0.01f,
+            MinValue = 0,
+            MaxValue = 1,
+        };
+
+        [SettingSource(typeof(SkinnableComponentStrings), nameof(SkinnableComponentStrings.ShowLabel), nameof(SkinnableComponentStrings.ShowLabelDescription))]
+        public Bindable<bool> ShowLabel { get; } = new BindableBool(true);
+
+        public override bool IsValid
+        {
+            get => base.IsValid;
+            set
+            {
+                if (value == IsValid)
+                    return;
+
+                base.IsValid = value;
+                text.FadeTo(value ? 1 : alpha_when_invalid, 1000, Easing.OutQuint);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public override int DisplayedCount
+        {
+            get => base.DisplayedCount;
+            set
+            {
+                base.DisplayedCount = value;
+                updateWireframe();
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void updateWireframe()
+        {
+            int digitsRequiredForDisplayCount = Math.Max(3, getDigitsRequiredForDisplayCount());
+
+            if (digitsRequiredForDisplayCount != text.WireframeTemplate.Length)
+                text.WireframeTemplate = new string('#', digitsRequiredForDisplayCount);
+        }
+
+        private int getDigitsRequiredForDisplayCount()
+        {
+            int digitsRequired = 1;
+            long c = DisplayedCount;
+            while ((c /= 10) > 0)
+                digitsRequired++;
+            return digitsRequired;
+        }
+
+        protected override IHasText CreateText() => text = new ArgonCounterTextComponent(Anchor.TopRight, BeatmapsetsStrings.ShowScoreboardHeaderspp.ToUpper())
+        {
+            WireframeOpacity = { BindTarget = WireframeOpacity },
+            ShowLabel = { BindTarget = ShowLabel },
+        };
+    }
+}
diff --git a/osu.Game/Screens/Play/HUD/ArgonScoreCounter.cs b/osu.Game/Screens/Play/HUD/ArgonScoreCounter.cs
index a14ab3cbcd..8658651407 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Screens/Play/HUD/ArgonScoreCounter.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Screens/Play/HUD/ArgonScoreCounter.cs
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD
 
         protected override double RollingDuration => 250;
 
-        [SettingSource("Wireframe opacity", "Controls the opacity of the wire frames behind the digits.")]
+        [SettingSource("Wireframe opacity", "Controls the opacity of the wireframes behind the digits.")]
         public BindableFloat WireframeOpacity { get; } = new BindableFloat(0.25f)
         {
             Precision = 0.01f,
diff --git a/osu.Game/Screens/Play/HUD/HoldForMenuButton.cs b/osu.Game/Screens/Play/HUD/HoldForMenuButton.cs
index a260156595..6d045e5f01 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Screens/Play/HUD/HoldForMenuButton.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Screens/Play/HUD/HoldForMenuButton.cs
@@ -198,9 +198,14 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD
                 bind();
             }
 
+            protected override void Update()
+            {
+                base.Update();
+                circularProgress.Progress = Progress.Value;
+            }
+
             private void bind()
             {
-                ((IBindable<double>)circularProgress.Current).BindTo(Progress);
                 Progress.ValueChanged += progress =>
                 {
                     icon.Scale = new Vector2(1 + (float)progress.NewValue * 0.2f);
diff --git a/osu.Game/Screens/Play/HUD/PerformancePointsCounter.cs b/osu.Game/Screens/Play/HUD/PerformancePointsCounter.cs
index f041e120f6..25c1387220 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Screens/Play/HUD/PerformancePointsCounter.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Screens/Play/HUD/PerformancePointsCounter.cs
@@ -13,16 +13,9 @@ using JetBrains.Annotations;
 using osu.Framework.Allocation;
 using osu.Framework.Audio.Track;
 using osu.Framework.Extensions;
-using osu.Framework.Graphics;
-using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
-using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Textures;
-using osu.Framework.Localisation;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
-using osu.Game.Graphics;
-using osu.Game.Graphics.Sprites;
 using osu.Game.Graphics.UserInterface;
-using osu.Game.Resources.Localisation.Web;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Difficulty;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Judgements;
@@ -31,20 +24,13 @@ using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring;
 using osu.Game.Scoring;
 using osu.Game.Skinning;
-using osuTK;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD
 {
-    public partial class PerformancePointsCounter : RollingCounter<int>, ISerialisableDrawable
+    public abstract partial class PerformancePointsCounter : RollingCounter<int>
     {
         public bool UsesFixedAnchor { get; set; }
 
-        protected override bool IsRollingProportional => true;
-
-        protected override double RollingDuration => 500;
-
-        private const float alpha_when_invalid = 0.3f;
-
         [Resolved]
         private ScoreProcessor scoreProcessor { get; set; }
 
@@ -60,18 +46,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD
         private PerformanceCalculator performanceCalculator;
         private ScoreInfo scoreInfo;
 
-        public PerformancePointsCounter()
-        {
-            Current.Value = DisplayedCount = 0;
-        }
-
         private Mod[] clonedMods;
 
         [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
-        private void load(OsuColour colours, BeatmapDifficultyCache difficultyCache)
+        private void load(BeatmapDifficultyCache difficultyCache)
         {
-            Colour = colours.BlueLighter;
-
             if (gameplayState != null)
             {
                 performanceCalculator = gameplayState.Ruleset.CreatePerformanceCalculator();
@@ -107,19 +86,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD
                 onJudgementChanged(gameplayState.LastJudgementResult.Value);
         }
 
-        private bool isValid;
-
-        protected bool IsValid
-        {
-            set
-            {
-                if (value == isValid)
-                    return;
-
-                isValid = value;
-                DrawableCount.FadeTo(isValid ? 1 : alpha_when_invalid, 1000, Easing.OutQuint);
-            }
-        }
+        public virtual bool IsValid { get; set; }
 
         private void onJudgementChanged(JudgementResult judgement)
         {
@@ -151,13 +118,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD
             return timedAttributes[Math.Clamp(attribIndex, 0, timedAttributes.Count - 1)].Attributes;
         }
 
-        protected override LocalisableString FormatCount(int count) => count.ToString(@"D");
-
-        protected override IHasText CreateText() => new TextComponent
-        {
-            Alpha = alpha_when_invalid
-        };
-
         protected override void Dispose(bool isDisposing)
         {
             base.Dispose(isDisposing);
@@ -171,45 +131,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD
             loadCancellationSource?.Cancel();
         }
 
-        private partial class TextComponent : CompositeDrawable, IHasText
-        {
-            public LocalisableString Text
-            {
-                get => text.Text;
-                set => text.Text = value;
-            }
-
-            private readonly OsuSpriteText text;
-
-            public TextComponent()
-            {
-                AutoSizeAxes = Axes.Both;
-
-                InternalChild = new FillFlowContainer
-                {
-                    AutoSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
-                    Spacing = new Vector2(2),
-                    Children = new Drawable[]
-                    {
-                        text = new OsuSpriteText
-                        {
-                            Anchor = Anchor.BottomLeft,
-                            Origin = Anchor.BottomLeft,
-                            Font = OsuFont.Numeric.With(size: 16, fixedWidth: true)
-                        },
-                        new OsuSpriteText
-                        {
-                            Anchor = Anchor.BottomLeft,
-                            Origin = Anchor.BottomLeft,
-                            Text = BeatmapsetsStrings.ShowScoreboardHeaderspp,
-                            Font = OsuFont.Numeric.With(size: 8),
-                            Padding = new MarginPadding { Bottom = 1.5f }, // align baseline better
-                        }
-                    }
-                };
-            }
-        }
-
         // TODO: This class shouldn't exist, but requires breaking changes to allow DifficultyCalculator to receive an IBeatmap.
         private class GameplayWorkingBeatmap : WorkingBeatmap
         {
diff --git a/osu.Game/Screens/Ranking/Expanded/Accuracy/AccuracyCircle.cs b/osu.Game/Screens/Ranking/Expanded/Accuracy/AccuracyCircle.cs
index 83b02a0951..f04e4a6444 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Screens/Ranking/Expanded/Accuracy/AccuracyCircle.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Screens/Ranking/Expanded/Accuracy/AccuracyCircle.cs
@@ -31,6 +31,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Ranking.Expanded.Accuracy
     /// </summary>
     public partial class AccuracyCircle : CompositeDrawable
     {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The total duration of the animation.
+        /// </summary>
+        public const double TOTAL_DURATION = APPEAR_DURATION + ACCURACY_TRANSFORM_DELAY + ACCURACY_TRANSFORM_DURATION;
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Duration for the transforms causing this component to appear.
         /// </summary>
@@ -147,7 +152,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Ranking.Expanded.Accuracy
                     Colour = OsuColour.Gray(47),
                     Alpha = 0.5f,
                     InnerRadius = accuracy_circle_radius + 0.01f, // Extends a little bit into the circle
-                    Current = { Value = 1 },
+                    Progress = 1,
                 },
                 accuracyCircle = new CircularProgress
                 {
@@ -189,11 +194,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Ranking.Expanded.Accuracy
                 rankText = new RankText(score.Rank)
             };
 
+            if (isFailedSDueToMisses)
+                AddInternal(failedSRankText = new RankText(ScoreRank.S));
+
             if (withFlair)
             {
-                if (isFailedSDueToMisses)
-                    AddInternal(failedSRankText = new RankText(ScoreRank.S));
-
                 var applauseSamples = new List<string> { applauseSampleName };
                 if (score.Rank >= ScoreRank.B)
                     // when rank is B or higher, play legacy applause sample on legacy skins.
@@ -268,7 +273,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Ranking.Expanded.Accuracy
                 if (targetAccuracy < 1 && targetAccuracy >= visual_alignment_offset)
                     targetAccuracy -= visual_alignment_offset;
 
-                accuracyCircle.FillTo(targetAccuracy, ACCURACY_TRANSFORM_DURATION, ACCURACY_TRANSFORM_EASING);
+                accuracyCircle.ProgressTo(targetAccuracy, ACCURACY_TRANSFORM_DURATION, ACCURACY_TRANSFORM_EASING);
 
                 if (withFlair)
                 {
@@ -321,24 +326,25 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Ranking.Expanded.Accuracy
                 {
                     rankText.Appear();
 
-                    if (!withFlair) return;
-
-                    Schedule(() =>
-                    {
-                        isTicking = false;
-                        rankImpactSound.Play();
-                    });
-
-                    const double applause_pre_delay = 545f;
-                    const double applause_volume = 0.8f;
-
-                    using (BeginDelayedSequence(applause_pre_delay))
+                    if (withFlair)
                     {
                         Schedule(() =>
                         {
-                            rankApplauseSound.VolumeTo(applause_volume);
-                            rankApplauseSound.Play();
+                            isTicking = false;
+                            rankImpactSound.Play();
                         });
+
+                        const double applause_pre_delay = 545f;
+                        const double applause_volume = 0.8f;
+
+                        using (BeginDelayedSequence(applause_pre_delay))
+                        {
+                            Schedule(() =>
+                            {
+                                rankApplauseSound.VolumeTo(applause_volume);
+                                rankApplauseSound.Play();
+                            });
+                        }
                     }
                 }
 
@@ -359,7 +365,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Ranking.Expanded.Accuracy
                                 .FadeOut(800, Easing.Out);
 
                             accuracyCircle
-                                .FillTo(accuracyS - GRADE_SPACING_PERCENTAGE / 2 - visual_alignment_offset, 70, Easing.OutQuint);
+                                .ProgressTo(accuracyS - GRADE_SPACING_PERCENTAGE / 2 - visual_alignment_offset, 70, Easing.OutQuint);
 
                             badges.Single(b => b.Rank == getRank(ScoreRank.S))
                                   .FadeOut(70, Easing.OutQuint);
diff --git a/osu.Game/Screens/Ranking/Expanded/Accuracy/GradedCircles.cs b/osu.Game/Screens/Ranking/Expanded/Accuracy/GradedCircles.cs
index 33b71c53a7..633ed6d92e 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Screens/Ranking/Expanded/Accuracy/GradedCircles.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Screens/Ranking/Expanded/Accuracy/GradedCircles.cs
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Ranking.Expanded.Accuracy
         {
             public double RevealProgress
             {
-                set => Current.Value = Math.Clamp(value, startProgress, endProgress) - startProgress;
+                set => Progress = Math.Clamp(value, startProgress, endProgress) - startProgress;
             }
 
             private readonly double startProgress;
diff --git a/osu.Game/Screens/Ranking/ResultsScreen.cs b/osu.Game/Screens/Ranking/ResultsScreen.cs
index b63c753721..e579c3fe51 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Screens/Ranking/ResultsScreen.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Screens/Ranking/ResultsScreen.cs
@@ -25,8 +25,10 @@ using osu.Game.Input.Bindings;
 using osu.Game.Localisation;
 using osu.Game.Online.API;
 using osu.Game.Online.Placeholders;
+using osu.Game.Overlays;
 using osu.Game.Scoring;
 using osu.Game.Screens.Play;
+using osu.Game.Screens.Ranking.Expanded.Accuracy;
 using osu.Game.Screens.Ranking.Statistics;
 using osuTK;
 
@@ -41,6 +43,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Ranking
 
         public override bool? AllowGlobalTrackControl => true;
 
+        protected override OverlayActivation InitialOverlayActivationMode => OverlayActivation.UserTriggered;
+
         public readonly Bindable<ScoreInfo> SelectedScore = new Bindable<ScoreInfo>();
 
         [CanBeNull]
@@ -172,6 +176,10 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Ranking
                 bool shouldFlair = player != null && !Score.User.IsBot;
 
                 ScorePanelList.AddScore(Score, shouldFlair);
+                // this is mostly for medal display.
+                // we don't want the medal animation to trample on the results screen animation, so we (ab)use `OverlayActivationMode`
+                // to give the results screen enough time to play the animation out before the medals can be shown.
+                Scheduler.AddDelayed(() => OverlayActivationMode.Value = OverlayActivation.All, shouldFlair ? AccuracyCircle.TOTAL_DURATION + 1000 : 0);
             }
 
             if (AllowWatchingReplay)
diff --git a/osu.Game/Screens/Ranking/Statistics/SimpleStatisticTable.cs b/osu.Game/Screens/Ranking/Statistics/SimpleStatisticTable.cs
index ed31bc8643..4abf0007a7 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Screens/Ranking/Statistics/SimpleStatisticTable.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Screens/Ranking/Statistics/SimpleStatisticTable.cs
@@ -33,8 +33,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Ranking.Statistics
         /// <param name="items">The <see cref="SimpleStatisticItem"/>s to display in this row.</param>
         public SimpleStatisticTable(int columnCount, [ItemNotNull] IEnumerable<SimpleStatisticItem> items)
         {
-            if (columnCount < 1)
-                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(columnCount));
+            ArgumentOutOfRangeException.ThrowIfNegativeOrZero(columnCount);
 
             this.columnCount = columnCount;
             this.items = items.ToArray();
diff --git a/osu.Game/Skinning/ArgonProSkin.cs b/osu.Game/Skinning/ArgonProSkin.cs
index b753dd8fbe..6ec9945c0e 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Skinning/ArgonProSkin.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Skinning/ArgonProSkin.cs
@@ -24,9 +24,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Skinning
         {
             foreach (string lookup in sampleInfo.LookupNames)
             {
-                string remappedLookup = lookup.Replace(@"Gameplay/", @"Gameplay/ArgonPro/");
+                var sample = Samples?.Get(lookup)
+                             ?? Resources.AudioManager?.Samples.Get(lookup.Replace(@"Gameplay/", @"Gameplay/ArgonPro/"))
+                             ?? Resources.AudioManager?.Samples.Get(lookup.Replace(@"Gameplay/", @"Gameplay/Argon/"))
+                             ?? Resources.AudioManager?.Samples.Get(lookup);
 
-                var sample = Samples?.Get(remappedLookup) ?? Resources.AudioManager?.Samples.Get(remappedLookup);
                 if (sample != null)
                     return sample;
             }
diff --git a/osu.Game/Skinning/ArgonSkin.cs b/osu.Game/Skinning/ArgonSkin.cs
index 6fcab6a977..8fd393fcc5 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Skinning/ArgonSkin.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Skinning/ArgonSkin.cs
@@ -77,7 +77,10 @@ namespace osu.Game.Skinning
         {
             foreach (string lookup in sampleInfo.LookupNames)
             {
-                var sample = Samples?.Get(lookup) ?? Resources.AudioManager?.Samples.Get(lookup);
+                var sample = Samples?.Get(lookup)
+                             ?? Resources.AudioManager?.Samples.Get(lookup.Replace(@"Gameplay/", @"Gameplay/Argon/"))
+                             ?? Resources.AudioManager?.Samples.Get(lookup);
+
                 if (sample != null)
                     return sample;
             }
@@ -118,6 +121,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Skinning
                                 var wedgePieces = container.OfType<ArgonWedgePiece>().ToArray();
                                 var score = container.OfType<ArgonScoreCounter>().FirstOrDefault();
                                 var accuracy = container.OfType<ArgonAccuracyCounter>().FirstOrDefault();
+                                var performancePoints = container.OfType<ArgonPerformancePointsCounter>().FirstOrDefault();
                                 var combo = container.OfType<ArgonComboCounter>().FirstOrDefault();
                                 var songProgress = container.OfType<ArgonSongProgress>().FirstOrDefault();
                                 var keyCounter = container.OfType<ArgonKeyCounterDisplay>().FirstOrDefault();
@@ -159,6 +163,13 @@ namespace osu.Game.Skinning
                                         accuracy.Origin = Anchor.TopRight;
                                     }
 
+                                    if (performancePoints != null && accuracy != null)
+                                    {
+                                        performancePoints.Position = new Vector2(accuracy.X, accuracy.Y + accuracy.DrawHeight + 10);
+                                        performancePoints.Anchor = Anchor.TopRight;
+                                        performancePoints.Origin = Anchor.TopRight;
+                                    }
+
                                     var hitError = container.OfType<HitErrorMeter>().FirstOrDefault();
 
                                     if (hitError != null)
@@ -224,6 +235,10 @@ namespace osu.Game.Skinning
                                         CornerRadius = { Value = 0.5f }
                                     },
                                     new ArgonAccuracyCounter(),
+                                    new ArgonPerformancePointsCounter
+                                    {
+                                        Scale = new Vector2(0.8f),
+                                    },
                                     new ArgonComboCounter
                                     {
                                         Scale = new Vector2(1.3f)
diff --git a/osu.Game/Skinning/LegacySongProgress.cs b/osu.Game/Skinning/LegacySongProgress.cs
index 4295060a3a..9af82c4992 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Skinning/LegacySongProgress.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Skinning/LegacySongProgress.cs
@@ -72,14 +72,14 @@ namespace osu.Game.Skinning
                 circularProgress.Scale = new Vector2(-1, 1);
                 circularProgress.Anchor = Anchor.TopRight;
                 circularProgress.Colour = new Colour4(199, 255, 47, 153);
-                circularProgress.Current.Value = 1 - progress;
+                circularProgress.Progress = 1 - progress;
             }
             else
             {
                 circularProgress.Scale = new Vector2(1);
                 circularProgress.Anchor = Anchor.TopLeft;
                 circularProgress.Colour = new Colour4(255, 255, 255, 153);
-                circularProgress.Current.Value = progress;
+                circularProgress.Progress = progress;
             }
         }
     }
diff --git a/osu.Game/Skinning/LegacyTextureLoaderStore.cs b/osu.Game/Skinning/LegacyTextureLoaderStore.cs
index 29206bbb85..5045374c14 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Skinning/LegacyTextureLoaderStore.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Skinning/LegacyTextureLoaderStore.cs
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Skinning
 
         private TextureUpload convertToGrayscale(TextureUpload textureUpload)
         {
-            var image = Image.LoadPixelData(textureUpload.Data.ToArray(), textureUpload.Width, textureUpload.Height);
+            var image = Image.LoadPixelData(textureUpload.Data, textureUpload.Width, textureUpload.Height);
 
             // stable uses `0.299 * r + 0.587 * g + 0.114 * b`
             // (https://github.com/peppy/osu-stable-reference/blob/013c3010a9d495e3471a9c59518de17006f9ad89/osu!/Graphics/Textures/pTexture.cs#L138-L153)
diff --git a/osu.Game/Skinning/MaxDimensionLimitedTextureLoaderStore.cs b/osu.Game/Skinning/MaxDimensionLimitedTextureLoaderStore.cs
index f15097a169..58dadbe753 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Skinning/MaxDimensionLimitedTextureLoaderStore.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Skinning/MaxDimensionLimitedTextureLoaderStore.cs
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Skinning
 
             if (textureUpload.Height > max_supported_texture_size || textureUpload.Width > max_supported_texture_size)
             {
-                var image = Image.LoadPixelData(textureUpload.Data.ToArray(), textureUpload.Width, textureUpload.Height);
+                var image = Image.LoadPixelData(textureUpload.Data, textureUpload.Width, textureUpload.Height);
 
                 // The original texture upload will no longer be returned or used.
                 textureUpload.Dispose();
diff --git a/osu.Game/Skinning/Skin.cs b/osu.Game/Skinning/Skin.cs
index 9ee69d033d..e4ca908d90 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Skinning/Skin.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Skinning/Skin.cs
@@ -133,6 +133,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Skinning
 
                     SkinLayoutInfo? layoutInfo = null;
 
+                    // handle namespace changes...
+                    jsonContent = jsonContent.Replace(@"osu.Game.Screens.Play.SongProgress", @"osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD.DefaultSongProgress");
+                    jsonContent = jsonContent.Replace(@"osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD.LegacyComboCounter", @"osu.Game.Skinning.LegacyComboCounter");
+                    jsonContent = jsonContent.Replace(@"osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD.PerformancePointsCounter", @"osu.Game.Skinning.Triangles.TrianglesPerformancePointsCounter");
+
                     try
                     {
                         // First attempt to deserialise using the new SkinLayoutInfo format
@@ -150,10 +155,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Skinning
                     // If deserialisation using SkinLayoutInfo fails, attempt to deserialise using the old naked list.
                     if (layoutInfo == null)
                     {
-                        // handle namespace changes...
-                        jsonContent = jsonContent.Replace(@"osu.Game.Screens.Play.SongProgress", @"osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD.DefaultSongProgress");
-                        jsonContent = jsonContent.Replace(@"osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD.LegacyComboCounter", @"osu.Game.Skinning.LegacyComboCounter");
-
                         var deserializedContent = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<IEnumerable<SerialisedDrawableInfo>>(jsonContent);
 
                         if (deserializedContent == null)
diff --git a/osu.Game/Skinning/Triangles/TrianglesPerformancePointsCounter.cs b/osu.Game/Skinning/Triangles/TrianglesPerformancePointsCounter.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d6753a81ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/osu.Game/Skinning/Triangles/TrianglesPerformancePointsCounter.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using osu.Framework.Allocation;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
+using osu.Framework.Localisation;
+using osu.Game.Graphics;
+using osu.Game.Graphics.Sprites;
+using osu.Game.Resources.Localisation.Web;
+using osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD;
+using osuTK;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Skinning.Triangles
+{
+    public partial class TrianglesPerformancePointsCounter : PerformancePointsCounter, ISerialisableDrawable
+    {
+        protected override bool IsRollingProportional => true;
+
+        protected override double RollingDuration => 500;
+
+        private const float alpha_when_invalid = 0.3f;
+
+        [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
+        private void load(OsuColour colours)
+        {
+            Colour = colours.BlueLighter;
+        }
+
+        public override bool IsValid
+        {
+            get => base.IsValid;
+            set
+            {
+                if (value == IsValid)
+                    return;
+
+                base.IsValid = value;
+                DrawableCount.FadeTo(value ? 1 : alpha_when_invalid, 1000, Easing.OutQuint);
+            }
+        }
+
+        protected override LocalisableString FormatCount(int count) => count.ToString(@"D");
+
+        protected override IHasText CreateText() => new TextComponent
+        {
+            Alpha = alpha_when_invalid
+        };
+
+        private partial class TextComponent : CompositeDrawable, IHasText
+        {
+            public LocalisableString Text
+            {
+                get => text.Text;
+                set => text.Text = value;
+            }
+
+            private readonly OsuSpriteText text;
+
+            public TextComponent()
+            {
+                AutoSizeAxes = Axes.Both;
+
+                InternalChild = new FillFlowContainer
+                {
+                    AutoSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                    Spacing = new Vector2(2),
+                    Children = new Drawable[]
+                    {
+                        text = new OsuSpriteText
+                        {
+                            Anchor = Anchor.BottomLeft,
+                            Origin = Anchor.BottomLeft,
+                            Font = OsuFont.Numeric.With(size: 16, fixedWidth: true)
+                        },
+                        new OsuSpriteText
+                        {
+                            Anchor = Anchor.BottomLeft,
+                            Origin = Anchor.BottomLeft,
+                            Text = BeatmapsetsStrings.ShowScoreboardHeaderspp,
+                            Font = OsuFont.Numeric.With(size: 8),
+                            Padding = new MarginPadding { Bottom = 1.5f }, // align baseline better
+                        }
+                    }
+                };
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/osu.Game/Skinning/TrianglesSkin.cs b/osu.Game/Skinning/TrianglesSkin.cs
index a2dca5d333..6158d4c7bf 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Skinning/TrianglesSkin.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Skinning/TrianglesSkin.cs
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ using osu.Game.Extensions;
 using osu.Game.IO;
 using osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD;
 using osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD.HitErrorMeters;
+using osu.Game.Skinning.Triangles;
 using osuTK;
 using osuTK.Graphics;
 
@@ -167,7 +168,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Skinning
                                     new DefaultKeyCounterDisplay(),
                                     new BarHitErrorMeter(),
                                     new BarHitErrorMeter(),
-                                    new PerformancePointsCounter()
+                                    new TrianglesPerformancePointsCounter()
                                 }
                             };
 
diff --git a/osu.Game/Storyboards/CommandTimelineGroup.cs b/osu.Game/Storyboards/CommandTimelineGroup.cs
index 0b96db6861..c899cf77d3 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Storyboards/CommandTimelineGroup.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Storyboards/CommandTimelineGroup.cs
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
-using System;
 using osuTK;
 using osuTK.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
@@ -46,32 +45,10 @@ namespace osu.Game.Storyboards
         }
 
         [JsonIgnore]
-        public double CommandsStartTime
-        {
-            get
-            {
-                double min = double.MaxValue;
-
-                for (int i = 0; i < timelines.Length; i++)
-                    min = Math.Min(min, timelines[i].StartTime);
-
-                return min;
-            }
-        }
+        public double CommandsStartTime => timelines.Min(static t => t.StartTime);
 
         [JsonIgnore]
-        public double CommandsEndTime
-        {
-            get
-            {
-                double max = double.MinValue;
-
-                for (int i = 0; i < timelines.Length; i++)
-                    max = Math.Max(max, timelines[i].EndTime);
-
-                return max;
-            }
-        }
+        public double CommandsEndTime => timelines.Max(static t => t.EndTime);
 
         [JsonIgnore]
         public double CommandsDuration => CommandsEndTime - CommandsStartTime;
@@ -83,19 +60,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Storyboards
         public virtual double EndTime => CommandsEndTime;
 
         [JsonIgnore]
-        public bool HasCommands
-        {
-            get
-            {
-                for (int i = 0; i < timelines.Length; i++)
-                {
-                    if (timelines[i].HasCommands)
-                        return true;
-                }
-
-                return false;
-            }
-        }
+        public bool HasCommands => timelines.Any(static t => t.HasCommands);
 
         public virtual IEnumerable<CommandTimeline<T>.TypedCommand> GetCommands<T>(CommandTimelineSelector<T> timelineSelector, double offset = 0)
         {
diff --git a/osu.Game/Storyboards/StoryboardSprite.cs b/osu.Game/Storyboards/StoryboardSprite.cs
index 982185d51b..4992ae128d 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Storyboards/StoryboardSprite.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Storyboards/StoryboardSprite.cs
@@ -85,12 +85,23 @@ namespace osu.Game.Storyboards
         {
             get
             {
-                double latestEndTime = TimelineGroup.EndTime;
+                double latestEndTime = double.MaxValue;
+
+                // Ignore the whole setup if there are loops. In theory they can be handled here too, however the logic will be overly complex.
+                if (loops.Count == 0)
+                {
+                    // Take the minimum time of all the potential "death" reasons.
+                    latestEndTime = calculateOptimisedEndTime(TimelineGroup);
+                }
+
+                // If the logic above fails to find anything or discarded by the fact that there are loops present, latestEndTime will be double.MaxValue
+                // and thus conservativeEndTime will be used.
+                double conservativeEndTime = TimelineGroup.EndTime;
 
                 foreach (var l in loops)
-                    latestEndTime = Math.Max(latestEndTime, l.StartTime + l.CommandsDuration * l.TotalIterations);
+                    conservativeEndTime = Math.Max(conservativeEndTime, l.StartTime + l.CommandsDuration * l.TotalIterations);
 
-                return latestEndTime;
+                return Math.Min(latestEndTime, conservativeEndTime);
             }
         }
 
@@ -194,6 +205,47 @@ namespace osu.Game.Storyboards
             return commands;
         }
 
+        private static double calculateOptimisedEndTime(CommandTimelineGroup timelineGroup)
+        {
+            // Here we are starting from maximum value and trying to minimise the end time on each step.
+            // There are few solid guesses we can make using which sprite's end time can be minimised: alpha = 0, scale = 0, colour.a = 0.
+            double[] deathTimes =
+            {
+                double.MaxValue, // alpha
+                double.MaxValue, // colour alpha
+                double.MaxValue, // scale
+                double.MaxValue, // scale x
+                double.MaxValue, // scale y
+            };
+
+            // The loops below are following the same pattern.
+            // We could be using TimelineGroup.EndValue here, however it's possible to have multiple commands with 0 value in a row
+            // so we are saving the earliest of them.
+            foreach (var alphaCommand in timelineGroup.Alpha.Commands)
+            {
+                if (alphaCommand.EndValue == 0)
+                    // commands are ordered by the start time, however end time may vary. Save the earliest.
+                    deathTimes[0] = Math.Min(alphaCommand.EndTime, deathTimes[0]);
+                else
+                    // If value isn't 0 (sprite becomes visible again), revert the saved state.
+                    deathTimes[0] = double.MaxValue;
+            }
+
+            foreach (var colourCommand in timelineGroup.Colour.Commands)
+                deathTimes[1] = colourCommand.EndValue.A == 0 ? Math.Min(colourCommand.EndTime, deathTimes[1]) : double.MaxValue;
+
+            foreach (var scaleCommand in timelineGroup.Scale.Commands)
+                deathTimes[2] = scaleCommand.EndValue == 0 ? Math.Min(scaleCommand.EndTime, deathTimes[2]) : double.MaxValue;
+
+            foreach (var scaleCommand in timelineGroup.VectorScale.Commands)
+            {
+                deathTimes[3] = scaleCommand.EndValue.X == 0 ? Math.Min(scaleCommand.EndTime, deathTimes[3]) : double.MaxValue;
+                deathTimes[4] = scaleCommand.EndValue.Y == 0 ? Math.Min(scaleCommand.EndTime, deathTimes[4]) : double.MaxValue;
+            }
+
+            return deathTimes.Min();
+        }
+
         public override string ToString()
             => $"{Path}, {Origin}, {InitialPosition}";
 
diff --git a/osu.Game/Utils/GeometryUtils.cs b/osu.Game/Utils/GeometryUtils.cs
index 725e93d098..dbeba4dfc1 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Utils/GeometryUtils.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Utils/GeometryUtils.cs
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Primitives;
-using osu.Framework.Utils;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects.Types;
 using osuTK;
 
@@ -28,8 +27,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Utils
             point.Y -= origin.Y;
 
             Vector2 ret;
-            ret.X = point.X * MathF.Cos(MathUtils.DegreesToRadians(angle)) + point.Y * MathF.Sin(MathUtils.DegreesToRadians(angle));
-            ret.Y = point.X * -MathF.Sin(MathUtils.DegreesToRadians(angle)) + point.Y * MathF.Cos(MathUtils.DegreesToRadians(angle));
+            ret.X = point.X * MathF.Cos(float.DegreesToRadians(angle)) + point.Y * MathF.Sin(float.DegreesToRadians(angle));
+            ret.Y = point.X * -MathF.Sin(float.DegreesToRadians(angle)) + point.Y * MathF.Cos(float.DegreesToRadians(angle));
 
             ret.X += origin.X;
             ret.Y += origin.Y;
diff --git a/osu.Game/Utils/LimitedCapacityQueue.cs b/osu.Game/Utils/LimitedCapacityQueue.cs
index d36aa8af2c..b96148d4a0 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Utils/LimitedCapacityQueue.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Utils/LimitedCapacityQueue.cs
@@ -35,8 +35,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Utils
         /// <param name="capacity">The number of items the queue can hold.</param>
         public LimitedCapacityQueue(int capacity)
         {
-            if (capacity < 0)
-                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(capacity));
+            ArgumentOutOfRangeException.ThrowIfNegative(capacity);
 
             this.capacity = capacity;
             array = new T[capacity];
diff --git a/osu.Game/Utils/StatelessRNG.cs b/osu.Game/Utils/StatelessRNG.cs
index 3db632fc42..8833dcbbdb 100644
--- a/osu.Game/Utils/StatelessRNG.cs
+++ b/osu.Game/Utils/StatelessRNG.cs
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Utils
         /// </param>
         public static int NextInt(int maxValue, int seed, int series = 0)
         {
-            if (maxValue <= 0) throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(maxValue));
+            ArgumentOutOfRangeException.ThrowIfNegativeOrZero(maxValue);
 
             return (int)(NextULong(seed, series) % (ulong)maxValue);
         }
diff --git a/osu.Game/osu.Game.csproj b/osu.Game/osu.Game.csproj
index 6854b820ee..b143a3a6b1 100644
--- a/osu.Game/osu.Game.csproj
+++ b/osu.Game/osu.Game.csproj
@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@
   </ItemGroup>
   <ItemGroup Label="Package References">
     <PackageReference Include="AutoMapper" Version="12.0.1" />
-    <PackageReference Include="DiffPlex" Version="1.7.1" />
-    <PackageReference Include="HtmlAgilityPack" Version="1.11.57" />
+    <PackageReference Include="DiffPlex" Version="1.7.2" />
+    <PackageReference Include="HtmlAgilityPack" Version="1.11.59" />
     <PackageReference Include="Humanizer" Version="2.14.1" />
     <PackageReference Include="MessagePack" Version="2.5.140" />
     <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.SignalR.Client" Version="7.0.15" />
@@ -35,14 +35,14 @@
       <PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets>
       <IncludeAssets>runtime; build; native; contentfiles; analyzers; buildtransitive</IncludeAssets>
     </PackageReference>
-    <PackageReference Include="Realm" Version="11.5.0" />
-    <PackageReference Include="ppy.osu.Framework" Version="2024.223.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="Realm" Version="11.7.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="ppy.osu.Framework" Version="2024.306.0" />
     <PackageReference Include="ppy.osu.Game.Resources" Version="2024.207.0" />
     <PackageReference Include="Sentry" Version="3.41.3" />
     <!-- Held back due to 0.34.0 failing AOT compilation on ZstdSharp.dll dependency. -->
     <PackageReference Include="SharpCompress" Version="0.36.0" />
     <PackageReference Include="NUnit" Version="3.14.0" />
-    <PackageReference Include="SQLitePCLRaw.bundle_e_sqlite3" Version="2.1.7" />
+    <PackageReference Include="SQLitePCLRaw.bundle_e_sqlite3" Version="2.1.8" />
     <PackageReference Include="System.ComponentModel.Annotations" Version="5.0.0" />
     <PackageReference Include="TagLibSharp" Version="2.3.0" />
 
diff --git a/osu.iOS.props b/osu.iOS.props
index 747d6059da..6b63bfa1e2 100644
--- a/osu.iOS.props
+++ b/osu.iOS.props
@@ -23,6 +23,6 @@
     <RuntimeIdentifier>iossimulator-x64</RuntimeIdentifier>
   </PropertyGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
-    <PackageReference Include="ppy.osu.Framework.iOS" Version="2024.223.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="ppy.osu.Framework.iOS" Version="2024.306.0" />
   </ItemGroup>
 </Project>