Merge branch 'ppy:master' into Freeze_frame_implementation

osu.Android.props

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
   </ItemGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
     <PackageReference Include="ppy.osu.Game.Resources" Version="2022.831.0" />
-    <PackageReference Include="ppy.osu.Framework.Android" Version="2022.901.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="ppy.osu.Framework.Android" Version="2022.908.0" />
   </ItemGroup>
   <ItemGroup Label="Transitive Dependencies">
     <!-- Realm needs to be directly referenced in all Xamarin projects, as it will not pull in its transitive dependencies otherwise. -->

osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Tests/TestSceneCatchTouchInput.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using NUnit.Framework;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics;
+using osu.Framework.Testing;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.UI;
+using osu.Game.Tests.Visual;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Tests
+{
+    [TestFixture]
+    public class TestSceneCatchTouchInput : OsuTestScene
+    {
+        private CatchTouchInputMapper catchTouchInputMapper = null!;
+
+        [SetUpSteps]
+        public void SetUpSteps()
+        {
+            AddStep("create input overlay", () =>
+            {
+                Child = new CatchInputManager(new CatchRuleset().RulesetInfo)
+                {
+                    RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                    Children = new Drawable[]
+                    {
+                        catchTouchInputMapper = new CatchTouchInputMapper
+                        {
+                            Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                            Origin = Anchor.Centre
+                        }
+                    }
+                };
+            });
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestBasic()
+        {
+            AddStep("show overlay", () => catchTouchInputMapper.Show());
+        }
+    }
+}

osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch/CatchInputManager.cs

@@ -4,11 +4,13 @@
 #nullable disable
 
 using System.ComponentModel;
+using osu.Framework.Allocation;
 using osu.Framework.Input.Bindings;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.UI;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch
 {
+    [Cached]
     public class CatchInputManager : RulesetInputManager<CatchAction>
     {
         public CatchInputManager(RulesetInfo ruleset)

osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch/UI/CatchTouchInputMapper.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,277 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+using osu.Framework.Allocation;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Shapes;
+using osu.Framework.Input.Bindings;
+using osu.Framework.Input.Events;
+using osu.Game.Graphics;
+using osuTK;
+using osuTK.Input;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.UI
+{
+    public class CatchTouchInputMapper : VisibilityContainer
+    {
+        public override bool PropagatePositionalInputSubTree => true;
+        public override bool PropagateNonPositionalInputSubTree => true;
+
+        private readonly Dictionary<object, TouchCatchAction> trackedActionSources = new Dictionary<object, TouchCatchAction>();
+
+        private KeyBindingContainer<CatchAction> keyBindingContainer = null!;
+
+        private Container mainContent = null!;
+
+        private InputArea leftBox = null!;
+        private InputArea rightBox = null!;
+        private InputArea leftDashBox = null!;
+        private InputArea rightDashBox = null!;
+
+        [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
+        private void load(CatchInputManager catchInputManager, OsuColour colours)
+        {
+            const float width = 0.15f;
+
+            keyBindingContainer = catchInputManager.KeyBindingContainer;
+
+            RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both;
+
+            Children = new Drawable[]
+            {
+                mainContent = new Container
+                {
+                    RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                    Alpha = 0,
+                    Children = new Drawable[]
+                    {
+                        new Container
+                        {
+                            RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                            Width = width,
+                            Children = new Drawable[]
+                            {
+                                leftDashBox = new InputArea(TouchCatchAction.DashLeft, trackedActionSources)
+                                {
+                                    RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                                    Width = 0.5f,
+                                },
+                                leftBox = new InputArea(TouchCatchAction.MoveLeft, trackedActionSources)
+                                {
+                                    RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                                    Width = 0.5f,
+                                    Colour = colours.Gray9,
+                                    Anchor = Anchor.TopRight,
+                                    Origin = Anchor.TopRight,
+                                },
+                            }
+                        },
+                        new Container
+                        {
+                            RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                            Width = width,
+                            Anchor = Anchor.TopRight,
+                            Origin = Anchor.TopRight,
+                            Children = new Drawable[]
+                            {
+                                rightBox = new InputArea(TouchCatchAction.MoveRight, trackedActionSources)
+                                {
+                                    RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                                    Width = 0.5f,
+                                    Colour = colours.Gray9,
+                                },
+                                rightDashBox = new InputArea(TouchCatchAction.DashRight, trackedActionSources)
+                                {
+                                    RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                                    Width = 0.5f,
+                                    Anchor = Anchor.TopRight,
+                                    Origin = Anchor.TopRight,
+                                },
+                            }
+                        },
+                    },
+                },
+            };
+        }
+
+        protected override bool OnKeyDown(KeyDownEvent e)
+        {
+            // Hide whenever the keyboard is used.
+            Hide();
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        protected override bool OnMouseDown(MouseDownEvent e)
+        {
+            return updateAction(e.Button, getTouchCatchActionFromInput(e.ScreenSpaceMousePosition));
+        }
+
+        protected override bool OnTouchDown(TouchDownEvent e)
+        {
+            return updateAction(e.Touch.Source, getTouchCatchActionFromInput(e.ScreenSpaceTouch.Position));
+        }
+
+        protected override bool OnMouseMove(MouseMoveEvent e)
+        {
+            Show();
+
+            TouchCatchAction? action = getTouchCatchActionFromInput(e.ScreenSpaceMousePosition);
+
+            // multiple mouse buttons may be pressed and handling the same action.
+            foreach (MouseButton button in e.PressedButtons)
+                updateAction(button, action);
+
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        protected override void OnTouchMove(TouchMoveEvent e)
+        {
+            updateAction(e.Touch.Source, getTouchCatchActionFromInput(e.ScreenSpaceTouch.Position));
+            base.OnTouchMove(e);
+        }
+
+        protected override void OnMouseUp(MouseUpEvent e)
+        {
+            updateAction(e.Button, null);
+            base.OnMouseUp(e);
+        }
+
+        protected override void OnTouchUp(TouchUpEvent e)
+        {
+            updateAction(e.Touch.Source, null);
+            base.OnTouchUp(e);
+        }
+
+        private bool updateAction(object source, TouchCatchAction? newAction)
+        {
+            TouchCatchAction? actionBefore = null;
+
+            if (trackedActionSources.TryGetValue(source, out TouchCatchAction found))
+                actionBefore = found;
+
+            if (actionBefore != newAction)
+            {
+                if (newAction != null)
+                    trackedActionSources[source] = newAction.Value;
+                else
+                    trackedActionSources.Remove(source);
+
+                updatePressedActions();
+            }
+
+            return newAction != null;
+        }
+
+        private void updatePressedActions()
+        {
+            Show();
+
+            if (trackedActionSources.ContainsValue(TouchCatchAction.DashLeft) || trackedActionSources.ContainsValue(TouchCatchAction.MoveLeft))
+                keyBindingContainer.TriggerPressed(CatchAction.MoveLeft);
+            else
+                keyBindingContainer.TriggerReleased(CatchAction.MoveLeft);
+
+            if (trackedActionSources.ContainsValue(TouchCatchAction.DashRight) || trackedActionSources.ContainsValue(TouchCatchAction.MoveRight))
+                keyBindingContainer.TriggerPressed(CatchAction.MoveRight);
+            else
+                keyBindingContainer.TriggerReleased(CatchAction.MoveRight);
+
+            if (trackedActionSources.ContainsValue(TouchCatchAction.DashLeft) || trackedActionSources.ContainsValue(TouchCatchAction.DashRight))
+                keyBindingContainer.TriggerPressed(CatchAction.Dash);
+            else
+                keyBindingContainer.TriggerReleased(CatchAction.Dash);
+        }
+
+        private TouchCatchAction? getTouchCatchActionFromInput(Vector2 screenSpaceInputPosition)
+        {
+            if (leftDashBox.Contains(screenSpaceInputPosition))
+                return TouchCatchAction.DashLeft;
+            if (rightDashBox.Contains(screenSpaceInputPosition))
+                return TouchCatchAction.DashRight;
+            if (leftBox.Contains(screenSpaceInputPosition))
+                return TouchCatchAction.MoveLeft;
+            if (rightBox.Contains(screenSpaceInputPosition))
+                return TouchCatchAction.MoveRight;
+
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        protected override void PopIn() => mainContent.FadeIn(300, Easing.OutQuint);
+
+        protected override void PopOut() => mainContent.FadeOut(300, Easing.OutQuint);
+
+        private class InputArea : CompositeDrawable, IKeyBindingHandler<CatchAction>
+        {
+            private readonly TouchCatchAction handledAction;
+
+            private readonly Box highlightOverlay;
+
+            private readonly IEnumerable<KeyValuePair<object, TouchCatchAction>> trackedActions;
+
+            private bool isHighlighted;
+
+            public InputArea(TouchCatchAction handledAction, IEnumerable<KeyValuePair<object, TouchCatchAction>> trackedActions)
+            {
+                this.handledAction = handledAction;
+                this.trackedActions = trackedActions;
+
+                InternalChildren = new Drawable[]
+                {
+                    new Container
+                    {
+                        RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                        Masking = true,
+                        CornerRadius = 10,
+                        Children = new Drawable[]
+                        {
+                            new Box
+                            {
+                                RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                                Alpha = 0.15f,
+                            },
+                            highlightOverlay = new Box
+                            {
+                                RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                                Alpha = 0,
+                                Blending = BlendingParameters.Additive,
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                };
+            }
+
+            public bool OnPressed(KeyBindingPressEvent<CatchAction> _)
+            {
+                updateHighlight();
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            public void OnReleased(KeyBindingReleaseEvent<CatchAction> _)
+            {
+                updateHighlight();
+            }
+
+            private void updateHighlight()
+            {
+                bool isHandling = trackedActions.Any(a => a.Value == handledAction);
+
+                if (isHandling == isHighlighted)
+                    return;
+
+                isHighlighted = isHandling;
+                highlightOverlay.FadeTo(isHighlighted ? 0.1f : 0, isHighlighted ? 80 : 400, Easing.OutQuint);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public enum TouchCatchAction
+        {
+            MoveLeft,
+            MoveRight,
+            DashLeft,
+            DashRight,
+        }
+    }
+}

osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch/UI/DrawableCatchRuleset.cs

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #nullable disable
 
 using System.Collections.Generic;
+using osu.Framework.Allocation;
 using osu.Framework.Input;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
 using osu.Game.Configuration;
@@ -32,6 +33,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.UI
             TimeRange.Value = IBeatmapDifficultyInfo.DifficultyRange(beatmap.Difficulty.ApproachRate, 1800, 1200, 450);
         }
 
+        [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
+        private void load()
+        {
+            KeyBindingInputManager.Add(new CatchTouchInputMapper());
+        }
+
         protected override ReplayInputHandler CreateReplayInputHandler(Replay replay) => new CatchFramedReplayInputHandler(replay);
 
         protected override ReplayRecorder CreateReplayRecorder(Score score) => new CatchReplayRecorder(score, (CatchPlayfield)Playfield);

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Configuration/ManiaRulesetConfigManager.cs

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
-#nullable disable
-
 using System;
 using osu.Framework.Configuration.Tracking;
 using osu.Game.Configuration;
@@ -33,7 +31,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Configuration
                 scrollTime => new SettingDescription(
                     rawValue: scrollTime,
                     name: "Scroll Speed",
-                    value: $"{(int)Math.Round(DrawableManiaRuleset.MAX_TIME_RANGE / scrollTime)} ({scrollTime}ms)"
+                    value: $"{scrollTime}ms (speed {(int)Math.Round(DrawableManiaRuleset.MAX_TIME_RANGE / scrollTime)})"
                 )
             )
         };

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/ManiaSettingsSubsection.cs

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
-#nullable disable
-
+using System;
 using osu.Framework.Allocation;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Localisation;
@@ -34,7 +33,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania
                     LabelText = "Scrolling direction",
                     Current = config.GetBindable<ManiaScrollingDirection>(ManiaRulesetSetting.ScrollDirection)
                 },
-                new SettingsSlider<double, TimeSlider>
+                new SettingsSlider<double, ManiaScrollSlider>
                 {
                     LabelText = "Scroll speed",
                     Current = config.GetBindable<double>(ManiaRulesetSetting.ScrollTime),
@@ -47,5 +46,10 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania
                 }
             };
         }
+
+        private class ManiaScrollSlider : OsuSliderBar<double>
+        {
+            public override LocalisableString TooltipText => $"{Current.Value}ms (speed {(int)Math.Round(DrawableManiaRuleset.MAX_TIME_RANGE / Current.Value)})";
+        }
     }
 }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Mods/OsuModRandom.cs

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
 using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
 using osu.Framework.Localisation;
 using osu.Framework.Utils;
@@ -9,6 +10,7 @@ using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Beatmaps;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.UI;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Utils;
 
@@ -25,40 +27,100 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Mods
 
         private static readonly float playfield_diagonal = OsuPlayfield.BASE_SIZE.LengthFast;
 
-        private Random? rng;
+        private Random random = null!;
 
         public void ApplyToBeatmap(IBeatmap beatmap)
         {
-            if (!(beatmap is OsuBeatmap osuBeatmap))
+            if (beatmap is not OsuBeatmap osuBeatmap)
                 return;
 
             Seed.Value ??= RNG.Next();
 
-            rng = new Random((int)Seed.Value);
+            random = new Random((int)Seed.Value);
 
             var positionInfos = OsuHitObjectGenerationUtils.GeneratePositionInfos(osuBeatmap.HitObjects);
 
-            float rateOfChangeMultiplier = 0;
+            // Offsets the angles of all hit objects in a "section" by the same amount.
+            float sectionOffset = 0;
 
-            foreach (var positionInfo in positionInfos)
+            // Whether the angles are positive or negative (clockwise or counter-clockwise flow).
+            bool flowDirection = false;
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < positionInfos.Count; i++)
             {
-                // rateOfChangeMultiplier only changes every 5 iterations in a combo
-                // to prevent shaky-line-shaped streams
-                if (positionInfo.HitObject.IndexInCurrentCombo % 5 == 0)
-                    rateOfChangeMultiplier = (float)rng.NextDouble() * 2 - 1;
-
-                if (positionInfo == positionInfos.First())
+                if (shouldStartNewSection(osuBeatmap, positionInfos, i))
                 {
-                    positionInfo.DistanceFromPrevious = (float)(rng.NextDouble() * OsuPlayfield.BASE_SIZE.Y / 2);
-                    positionInfo.RelativeAngle = (float)(rng.NextDouble() * 2 * Math.PI - Math.PI);
+                    sectionOffset = OsuHitObjectGenerationUtils.RandomGaussian(random, 0, 0.0008f);
+                    flowDirection = !flowDirection;
+                }
+
+                if (i == 0)
+                {
+                    positionInfos[i].DistanceFromPrevious = (float)(random.NextDouble() * OsuPlayfield.BASE_SIZE.Y / 2);
+                    positionInfos[i].RelativeAngle = (float)(random.NextDouble() * 2 * Math.PI - Math.PI);
                 }
                 else
                 {
-                    positionInfo.RelativeAngle = rateOfChangeMultiplier * 2 * (float)Math.PI * Math.Min(1f, positionInfo.DistanceFromPrevious / (playfield_diagonal * 0.5f));
+                    // Offsets only the angle of the current hit object if a flow change occurs.
+                    float flowChangeOffset = 0;
+
+                    // Offsets only the angle of the current hit object.
+                    float oneTimeOffset = OsuHitObjectGenerationUtils.RandomGaussian(random, 0, 0.002f);
+
+                    if (shouldApplyFlowChange(positionInfos, i))
+                    {
+                        flowChangeOffset = OsuHitObjectGenerationUtils.RandomGaussian(random, 0, 0.002f);
+                        flowDirection = !flowDirection;
+                    }
+
+                    float totalOffset =
+                        // sectionOffset and oneTimeOffset should mainly affect patterns with large spacing.
+                        (sectionOffset + oneTimeOffset) * positionInfos[i].DistanceFromPrevious +
+                        // flowChangeOffset should mainly affect streams.
+                        flowChangeOffset * (playfield_diagonal - positionInfos[i].DistanceFromPrevious);
+
+                    positionInfos[i].RelativeAngle = getRelativeTargetAngle(positionInfos[i].DistanceFromPrevious, totalOffset, flowDirection);
                 }
             }
 
             osuBeatmap.HitObjects = OsuHitObjectGenerationUtils.RepositionHitObjects(positionInfos);
         }
+
+        /// <param name="targetDistance">The target distance between the previous and the current <see cref="OsuHitObject"/>.</param>
+        /// <param name="offset">The angle (in rad) by which the target angle should be offset.</param>
+        /// <param name="flowDirection">Whether the relative angle should be positive or negative.</param>
+        private static float getRelativeTargetAngle(float targetDistance, float offset, bool flowDirection)
+        {
+            float angle = (float)(2.16 / (1 + 200 * Math.Exp(0.036 * (targetDistance - 310))) + 0.5 + offset);
+            float relativeAngle = (float)Math.PI - angle;
+            return flowDirection ? -relativeAngle : relativeAngle;
+        }
+
+        /// <returns>Whether a new section should be started at the current <see cref="OsuHitObject"/>.</returns>
+        private bool shouldStartNewSection(OsuBeatmap beatmap, IReadOnlyList<OsuHitObjectGenerationUtils.ObjectPositionInfo> positionInfos, int i)
+        {
+            if (i == 0)
+                return true;
+
+            // Exclude new-combo-spam and 1-2-combos.
+            bool previousObjectStartedCombo = positionInfos[Math.Max(0, i - 2)].HitObject.IndexInCurrentCombo > 1 &&
+                                              positionInfos[i - 1].HitObject.NewCombo;
+            bool previousObjectWasOnDownbeat = OsuHitObjectGenerationUtils.IsHitObjectOnBeat(beatmap, positionInfos[i - 1].HitObject, true);
+            bool previousObjectWasOnBeat = OsuHitObjectGenerationUtils.IsHitObjectOnBeat(beatmap, positionInfos[i - 1].HitObject);
+
+            return (previousObjectStartedCombo && random.NextDouble() < 0.6f) ||
+                   previousObjectWasOnDownbeat ||
+                   (previousObjectWasOnBeat && random.NextDouble() < 0.4f);
+        }
+
+        /// <returns>Whether a flow change should be applied at the current <see cref="OsuHitObject"/>.</returns>
+        private bool shouldApplyFlowChange(IReadOnlyList<OsuHitObjectGenerationUtils.ObjectPositionInfo> positionInfos, int i)
+        {
+            // Exclude new-combo-spam and 1-2-combos.
+            bool previousObjectStartedCombo = positionInfos[Math.Max(0, i - 2)].HitObject.IndexInCurrentCombo > 1 &&
+                                              positionInfos[i - 1].HitObject.NewCombo;
+
+            return previousObjectStartedCombo && random.NextDouble() < 0.6f;
+        }
     }
 }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Skinning/Default/SpinnerRotationTracker.cs

@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Skinning.Default
             currentRotation += angle;
             // rate has to be applied each frame, because it's not guaranteed to be constant throughout playback
             // (see: ModTimeRamp)
-            drawableSpinner.Result.RateAdjustedRotation += (float)(Math.Abs(angle) * (gameplayClock?.TrueGameplayRate ?? Clock.Rate));
+            drawableSpinner.Result.RateAdjustedRotation += (float)(Math.Abs(angle) * (gameplayClock?.GetTrueGameplayRate() ?? Clock.Rate));
         }
 
         private void resetState(DrawableHitObject obj)

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Utils/OsuHitObjectGenerationUtils.cs

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ using System.Linq;
 using osu.Framework.Extensions.IEnumerableExtensions;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.UI;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Beatmaps;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Objects;
 using osuTK;
 
@@ -186,5 +187,39 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Utils
                 length * MathF.Sin(angle)
             );
         }
+
+        /// <param name="beatmap">The beatmap hitObject is a part of.</param>
+        /// <param name="hitObject">The <see cref="OsuHitObject"/> that should be checked.</param>
+        /// <param name="downbeatsOnly">If true, this method only returns true if hitObject is on a downbeat.
+        /// If false, it returns true if hitObject is on any beat.</param>
+        /// <returns>true if hitObject is on a (down-)beat, false otherwise.</returns>
+        public static bool IsHitObjectOnBeat(OsuBeatmap beatmap, OsuHitObject hitObject, bool downbeatsOnly = false)
+        {
+            var timingPoint = beatmap.ControlPointInfo.TimingPointAt(hitObject.StartTime);
+
+            double timeSinceTimingPoint = hitObject.StartTime - timingPoint.Time;
+
+            double beatLength = timingPoint.BeatLength;
+
+            if (downbeatsOnly)
+                beatLength *= timingPoint.TimeSignature.Numerator;
+
+            // Ensure within 1ms of expected location.
+            return Math.Abs(timeSinceTimingPoint + 1) % beatLength < 2;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Generates a random number from a normal distribution using the Box-Muller transform.
+        /// </summary>
+        public static float RandomGaussian(Random rng, float mean = 0, float stdDev = 1)
+        {
+            // Generate 2 random numbers in the interval (0,1].
+            // x1 must not be 0 since log(0) = undefined.
+            double x1 = 1 - rng.NextDouble();
+            double x2 = 1 - rng.NextDouble();
+
+            double stdNormal = Math.Sqrt(-2 * Math.Log(x1)) * Math.Sin(2 * Math.PI * x2);
+            return mean + stdDev * (float)stdNormal;
+        }
     }
 }

osu.Game.Tests/NonVisual/GameplayClockContainerTest.cs

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
-using System.Collections.Generic;
 using NUnit.Framework;
+using osu.Framework.Audio;
+using osu.Framework.Bindables;
 using osu.Framework.Timing;
 using osu.Game.Screens.Play;
 
@@ -13,21 +14,20 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.NonVisual
     {
         [TestCase(0)]
         [TestCase(1)]
-        public void TestTrueGameplayRateWithZeroAdjustment(double underlyingClockRate)
+        public void TestTrueGameplayRateWithGameplayAdjustment(double underlyingClockRate)
         {
             var framedClock = new FramedClock(new ManualClock { Rate = underlyingClockRate });
             var gameplayClock = new TestGameplayClockContainer(framedClock);
 
-            Assert.That(gameplayClock.TrueGameplayRate, Is.EqualTo(0));
+            Assert.That(gameplayClock.GetTrueGameplayRate(), Is.EqualTo(2));
         }
 
         private class TestGameplayClockContainer : GameplayClockContainer
         {
-            public override IEnumerable<double> NonGameplayAdjustments => new[] { 0.0 };
-
             public TestGameplayClockContainer(IFrameBasedClock underlyingClock)
                 : base(underlyingClock)
             {
+                AdjustmentsFromMods.AddAdjustment(AdjustableProperty.Frequency, new BindableDouble(2.0));
             }
         }
     }

osu.Game.Tests/Skins/SkinDeserialisationTest.cs

@@ -36,7 +36,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Skins
             "Archives/modified-default-20220723.osk",
             "Archives/modified-classic-20220723.osk",
             // Covers legacy song progress, UR counter, colour hit error metre.
-            "Archives/modified-classic-20220801.osk"
+            "Archives/modified-classic-20220801.osk",
+            // Covers clicks/s counter
+            "Archives/modified-default-20220818.osk"
         };
 
         /// <summary>

osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Beatmaps/TestSceneBeatmapCard.cs

@@ -15,12 +15,14 @@ using osu.Framework.Testing;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps.Drawables;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps.Drawables.Cards;
+using osu.Game.Beatmaps.Drawables.Cards.Buttons;
 using osu.Game.Graphics.Containers;
 using osu.Game.Online.API;
 using osu.Game.Online.API.Requests;
 using osu.Game.Online.API.Requests.Responses;
 using osu.Game.Overlays;
 using osuTK;
+using osuTK.Input;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Beatmaps
 {
@@ -295,5 +297,22 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Beatmaps
 
             BeatmapCardNormal firstCard() => this.ChildrenOfType<BeatmapCardNormal>().First();
         }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestPlayButtonByTouchInput()
+        {
+            AddStep("create cards", () => Child = createContent(OverlayColourScheme.Blue, beatmapSetInfo => new BeatmapCardNormal(beatmapSetInfo)));
+
+            // mimics touch input
+            AddStep("touch play button area on first card", () =>
+            {
+                InputManager.MoveMouseTo(firstCard().ChildrenOfType<PlayButton>().Single());
+                InputManager.Click(MouseButton.Left);
+            });
+
+            AddAssert("first card is playing", () => firstCard().ChildrenOfType<PlayButton>().Single().Playing.Value);
+
+            BeatmapCardNormal firstCard() => this.ChildrenOfType<BeatmapCardNormal>().First();
+        }
     }
 }

osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Beatmaps/TestSceneBeatmapCardDownloadButton.cs

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps.Drawables.Cards.Buttons;
 using osu.Game.Configuration;
+using osu.Game.Online;
 using osu.Game.Online.API.Requests.Responses;
 using osu.Game.Overlays;
 using osu.Game.Resources.Localisation.Web;
@@ -58,6 +59,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Beatmaps
                 {
                     Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
                     Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                    State = { Value = DownloadState.NotDownloaded },
                     Scale = new Vector2(2)
                 };
             });

osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Beatmaps/TestSceneBeatmapCardThumbnail.cs

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Beatmaps
                 };
             });
             AddStep("enable dim", () => thumbnail.Dimmed.Value = true);
-            AddUntilStep("button visible", () => playButton.IsPresent);
+            AddUntilStep("button visible", () => playButton.Alpha == 1);
 
             AddStep("click button", () =>
             {
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Beatmaps
 
             AddStep("disable dim", () => thumbnail.Dimmed.Value = false);
             AddWaitStep("wait some", 3);
-            AddAssert("button still visible", () => playButton.IsPresent);
+            AddAssert("button still visible", () => playButton.Alpha == 1);
 
             // The track plays in real-time, so we need to check for progress in increments to avoid timeout.
             AddUntilStep("progress > 0.25", () => thumbnail.ChildrenOfType<PlayButton>().Single().Progress.Value > 0.25);
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Beatmaps
             AddUntilStep("progress > 0.75", () => thumbnail.ChildrenOfType<PlayButton>().Single().Progress.Value > 0.75);
 
             AddUntilStep("wait for track to end", () => !playButton.Playing.Value);
-            AddUntilStep("button hidden", () => !playButton.IsPresent);
+            AddUntilStep("button hidden", () => playButton.Alpha == 0);
         }
 
         private void iconIs(IconUsage usage) => AddUntilStep("icon is correct", () => playButton.ChildrenOfType<SpriteIcon>().Any(icon => icon.Icon.Equals(usage)));

osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Gameplay/TestSceneClicksPerSecondCalculator.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using NUnit.Framework;
+using osu.Framework.Audio;
+using osu.Framework.Bindables;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics;
+using osu.Framework.Testing;
+using osu.Framework.Timing;
+using osu.Game.Screens.Play;
+using osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD.ClicksPerSecond;
+using osuTK;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Gameplay
+{
+    public class TestSceneClicksPerSecondCalculator : OsuTestScene
+    {
+        private ClicksPerSecondCalculator calculator = null!;
+
+        private TestGameplayClock manualGameplayClock = null!;
+
+        [SetUpSteps]
+        public void SetUpSteps()
+        {
+            AddStep("create components", () =>
+            {
+                manualGameplayClock = new TestGameplayClock();
+
+                Child = new DependencyProvidingContainer
+                {
+                    RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                    CachedDependencies = new (Type, object)[] { (typeof(IGameplayClock), manualGameplayClock) },
+                    Children = new Drawable[]
+                    {
+                        calculator = new ClicksPerSecondCalculator(),
+                        new DependencyProvidingContainer
+                        {
+                            RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                            CachedDependencies = new (Type, object)[] { (typeof(ClicksPerSecondCalculator), calculator) },
+                            Child = new ClicksPerSecondCounter
+                            {
+                                Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                                Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                                Scale = new Vector2(5),
+                            }
+                        }
+                    },
+                };
+            });
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestBasicConsistency()
+        {
+            seek(1000);
+            AddStep("add inputs in past", () => addInputs(new double[] { 0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900 }));
+            checkClicksPerSecondValue(10);
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestRateAdjustConsistency()
+        {
+            seek(1000);
+            AddStep("add inputs in past", () => addInputs(new double[] { 0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900 }));
+            checkClicksPerSecondValue(10);
+            AddStep("set rate 0.5x", () => manualGameplayClock.TrueGameplayRate = 0.5);
+            checkClicksPerSecondValue(5);
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestInputsDiscardedOnRewind()
+        {
+            seek(1000);
+            AddStep("add inputs in past", () => addInputs(new double[] { 0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900 }));
+            checkClicksPerSecondValue(10);
+            seek(500);
+            checkClicksPerSecondValue(6);
+            seek(1000);
+            checkClicksPerSecondValue(6);
+        }
+
+        private void checkClicksPerSecondValue(int i) => AddAssert("clicks/s is correct", () => calculator.Value, () => Is.EqualTo(i));
+
+        private void seekClockImmediately(double time) => manualGameplayClock.CurrentTime = time;
+
+        private void seek(double time) => AddStep($"Seek to {time}ms", () => seekClockImmediately(time));
+
+        private void addInputs(IEnumerable<double> inputs)
+        {
+            double baseTime = manualGameplayClock.CurrentTime;
+
+            foreach (double timestamp in inputs)
+            {
+                seekClockImmediately(timestamp);
+                calculator.AddInputTimestamp();
+            }
+
+            seekClockImmediately(baseTime);
+        }
+
+        private class TestGameplayClock : IGameplayClock
+        {
+            public double CurrentTime { get; set; }
+
+            public double Rate => 1;
+
+            public bool IsRunning => true;
+
+            public double TrueGameplayRate { set => adjustableAudioComponent.Tempo.Value = value; }
+
+            private readonly AudioAdjustments adjustableAudioComponent = new AudioAdjustments();
+
+            public void ProcessFrame()
+            {
+            }
+
+            public double ElapsedFrameTime => throw new NotImplementedException();
+            public double FramesPerSecond => throw new NotImplementedException();
+            public FrameTimeInfo TimeInfo => throw new NotImplementedException();
+            public double StartTime => throw new NotImplementedException();
+
+            public IAdjustableAudioComponent AdjustmentsFromMods => adjustableAudioComponent;
+
+            public IEnumerable<double> NonGameplayAdjustments => throw new NotImplementedException();
+            public IBindable<bool> IsPaused => throw new NotImplementedException();
+        }
+    }
+}

osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Gameplay/TestSceneDrawableStoryboardSprite.cs

@@ -78,8 +78,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Gameplay
 
             AddStep("allow skin lookup", () => storyboard.UseSkinSprites = true);
             AddStep("create sprites", () => SetContents(_ => createSprite(lookup_name, Anchor.TopLeft, Vector2.Zero)));
+            AddAssert("sprites present", () => sprites.All(s => s.IsPresent));
             AddStep("scale sprite", () => sprites.ForEach(s => s.VectorScale = new Vector2(0, 1)));
-            AddAssert("zero width", () => sprites.All(s => s.ScreenSpaceDrawQuad.Width == 0));
+            AddAssert("sprites not present", () => sprites.All(s => !s.IsPresent));
         }
 
         [Test]

osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Gameplay/TestScenePause.cs

@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Gameplay
 
         private void confirmNoTrackAdjustments()
         {
-            AddAssert("track has no adjustments", () => Beatmap.Value.Track.AggregateFrequency.Value == 1);
+            AddUntilStep("track has no adjustments", () => Beatmap.Value.Track.AggregateFrequency.Value, () => Is.EqualTo(1));
         }
 
         private void restart() => AddStep("restart", () => Player.Restart());

osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Gameplay/TestScenePlayerLocalScoreImport.cs

@@ -81,9 +81,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Gameplay
             CreateTest();
 
             AddUntilStep("fail screen displayed", () => Player.ChildrenOfType<FailOverlay>().First().State.Value == Visibility.Visible);
+            AddUntilStep("wait for button clickable", () => Player.ChildrenOfType<SaveFailedScoreButton>().First().ChildrenOfType<OsuClickableContainer>().First().Enabled.Value);
+
             AddUntilStep("score not in database", () => Realm.Run(r => r.Find<ScoreInfo>(Player.Score.ScoreInfo.ID) == null));
             AddStep("click save button", () => Player.ChildrenOfType<SaveFailedScoreButton>().First().ChildrenOfType<OsuClickableContainer>().First().TriggerClick());
-            AddUntilStep("score not in database", () => Realm.Run(r => r.Find<ScoreInfo>(Player.Score.ScoreInfo.ID) != null));
+            AddUntilStep("score in database", () => Realm.Run(r => r.Find<ScoreInfo>(Player.Score.ScoreInfo.ID) != null));
         }
 
         [Test]

osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Gameplay/TestSceneReplayDownloadButton.cs

@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Gameplay
 
             AddUntilStep("wait for load", () => downloadButton.IsLoaded);
 
-            AddAssert("state is not downloaded", () => downloadButton.State.Value == DownloadState.NotDownloaded);
+            AddAssert("state is unknown", () => downloadButton.State.Value == DownloadState.Unknown);
             AddAssert("button is not enabled", () => !downloadButton.ChildrenOfType<DownloadButton>().First().Enabled.Value);
         }
 

osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Gameplay/TestSceneSkinEditor.cs

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
-#nullable disable
-
 using System.Linq;
 using NUnit.Framework;
 using osu.Framework.Allocation;
@@ -22,7 +20,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Gameplay
 {
     public class TestSceneSkinEditor : PlayerTestScene
     {
-        private SkinEditor skinEditor;
+        private SkinEditor? skinEditor;
 
         protected override bool Autoplay => true;
 
@@ -42,29 +40,33 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Gameplay
                 Player.ScaleTo(0.4f);
                 LoadComponentAsync(skinEditor = new SkinEditor(Player), Add);
             });
-            AddUntilStep("wait for loaded", () => skinEditor.IsLoaded);
+            AddUntilStep("wait for loaded", () => skinEditor!.IsLoaded);
         }
 
         [Test]
         public void TestToggleEditor()
         {
-            AddToggleStep("toggle editor visibility", _ => skinEditor.ToggleVisibility());
+            AddToggleStep("toggle editor visibility", _ => skinEditor!.ToggleVisibility());
         }
 
         [Test]
         public void TestEditComponent()
         {
-            BarHitErrorMeter hitErrorMeter = null;
+            BarHitErrorMeter hitErrorMeter = null!;
 
             AddStep("select bar hit error blueprint", () =>
             {
                 var blueprint = skinEditor.ChildrenOfType<SkinBlueprint>().First(b => b.Item is BarHitErrorMeter);
 
                 hitErrorMeter = (BarHitErrorMeter)blueprint.Item;
-                skinEditor.SelectedComponents.Clear();
+                skinEditor!.SelectedComponents.Clear();
                 skinEditor.SelectedComponents.Add(blueprint.Item);
             });
 
+            AddStep("move by keyboard", () => InputManager.Key(Key.Right));
+
+            AddAssert("hitErrorMeter moved", () => hitErrorMeter.X != 0);
+
             AddAssert("value is default", () => hitErrorMeter.JudgementLineThickness.IsDefault);
 
             AddStep("hover first slider", () =>

osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Multiplayer/TestSceneMatchStartControl.cs

@@ -91,8 +91,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Multiplayer
                                          break;
 
                                      case StopCountdownRequest:
-                                         multiplayerRoom.Countdown = null;
-                                         raiseRoomUpdated();
+                                         clearRoomCountdown();
                                          break;
                                  }
                              });
@@ -244,14 +243,14 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Multiplayer
             });
 
             AddStep("start countdown", () => multiplayerClient.Object.SendMatchRequest(new StartMatchCountdownRequest { Duration = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(1) }).WaitSafely());
-            AddUntilStep("countdown started", () => multiplayerRoom.Countdown != null);
+            AddUntilStep("countdown started", () => multiplayerRoom.ActiveCountdowns.Any());
 
             AddStep("transfer host to local user", () => transferHost(localUser));
             AddUntilStep("local user is host", () => multiplayerRoom.Host?.Equals(multiplayerClient.Object.LocalUser) == true);
 
             ClickButtonWhenEnabled<MultiplayerReadyButton>();
             checkLocalUserState(MultiplayerUserState.Ready);
-            AddAssert("countdown still active", () => multiplayerRoom.Countdown != null);
+            AddAssert("countdown still active", () => multiplayerRoom.ActiveCountdowns.Any());
         }
 
         [Test]
@@ -392,7 +391,13 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Multiplayer
 
         private void setRoomCountdown(TimeSpan duration)
         {
-            multiplayerRoom.Countdown = new MatchStartCountdown { TimeRemaining = duration };
+            multiplayerRoom.ActiveCountdowns.Add(new MatchStartCountdown { TimeRemaining = duration });
+            raiseRoomUpdated();
+        }
+
+        private void clearRoomCountdown()
+        {
+            multiplayerRoom.ActiveCountdowns.Clear();
             raiseRoomUpdated();
         }
 

osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Multiplayer/TestSceneMultiSpectatorScreen.cs

@@ -13,9 +13,11 @@ using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
 using osu.Framework.Testing;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
 using osu.Game.Configuration;
+using osu.Game.Online.API;
 using osu.Game.Online.API.Requests.Responses;
 using osu.Game.Online.Multiplayer;
 using osu.Game.Online.Multiplayer.MatchTypes.TeamVersus;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Mods;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.UI;
 using osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Multiplayer.Spectate;
 using osu.Game.Screens.Play;
@@ -332,6 +334,18 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Multiplayer
             AddUntilStep("player 2 playing from correct point in time", () => getPlayer(PLAYER_2_ID).ChildrenOfType<DrawableRuleset>().Single().FrameStableClock.CurrentTime > 30000);
         }
 
+        [Test]
+        public void TestGameplayRateAdjust()
+        {
+            start(getPlayerIds(4), mods: new[] { new APIMod(new OsuModDoubleTime()) });
+
+            loadSpectateScreen();
+
+            sendFrames(getPlayerIds(4), 300);
+
+            AddUntilStep("wait for correct track speed", () => Beatmap.Value.Track.Rate, () => Is.EqualTo(1.5));
+        }
+
         [Test]
         public void TestPlayersLeaveWhileSpectating()
         {
@@ -420,7 +434,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Multiplayer
 
         private void start(int userId, int? beatmapId = null) => start(new[] { userId }, beatmapId);
 
-        private void start(int[] userIds, int? beatmapId = null)
+        private void start(int[] userIds, int? beatmapId = null, APIMod[]? mods = null)
         {
             AddStep("start play", () =>
             {
@@ -429,10 +443,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Multiplayer
                     var user = new MultiplayerRoomUser(id)
                     {
                         User = new APIUser { Id = id },
+                        Mods = mods ?? Array.Empty<APIMod>(),
                     };
 
-                    OnlinePlayDependencies.MultiplayerClient.AddUser(user.User, true);
-                    SpectatorClient.SendStartPlay(id, beatmapId ?? importedBeatmapId);
+                    OnlinePlayDependencies.MultiplayerClient.AddUser(user, true);
+                    SpectatorClient.SendStartPlay(id, beatmapId ?? importedBeatmapId, mods);
 
                     playingUsers.Add(user);
                 }

osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Multiplayer/TestSceneMultiplayerMatchSongSelect.cs

@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ using osu.Game.Database;
 using osu.Game.Online.Rooms;
 using osu.Game.Overlays.Mods;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets;
-using osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Mods;
@@ -68,37 +67,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Multiplayer
             AddUntilStep("wait for present", () => songSelect.IsCurrentScreen() && songSelect.BeatmapSetsLoaded);
         }
 
-        [Test]
-        public void TestBeatmapRevertedOnExitIfNoSelection()
-        {
-            BeatmapInfo selectedBeatmap = null;
-
-            AddStep("select beatmap",
-                () => songSelect.Carousel.SelectBeatmap(selectedBeatmap = beatmaps.Where(beatmap => beatmap.Ruleset.OnlineID == new OsuRuleset().LegacyID).ElementAt(1)));
-            AddUntilStep("wait for selection", () => Beatmap.Value.BeatmapInfo.Equals(selectedBeatmap));
-
-            AddStep("exit song select", () => songSelect.Exit());
-            AddAssert("beatmap reverted", () => Beatmap.IsDefault);
-        }
-
-        [Test]
-        public void TestModsRevertedOnExitIfNoSelection()
-        {
-            AddStep("change mods", () => SelectedMods.Value = new[] { new OsuModDoubleTime() });
-
-            AddStep("exit song select", () => songSelect.Exit());
-            AddAssert("mods reverted", () => SelectedMods.Value.Count == 0);
-        }
-
-        [Test]
-        public void TestRulesetRevertedOnExitIfNoSelection()
-        {
-            AddStep("change ruleset", () => Ruleset.Value = new CatchRuleset().RulesetInfo);
-
-            AddStep("exit song select", () => songSelect.Exit());
-            AddAssert("ruleset reverted", () => Ruleset.Value.Equals(new OsuRuleset().RulesetInfo));
-        }
-
         [Test]
         public void TestBeatmapConfirmed()
         {
@@ -152,8 +120,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Multiplayer
 
             public new BeatmapCarousel Carousel => base.Carousel;
 
-            public TestMultiplayerMatchSongSelect(Room room, WorkingBeatmap beatmap = null, RulesetInfo ruleset = null)
-                : base(room, null, beatmap, ruleset)
+            public TestMultiplayerMatchSongSelect(Room room)
+                : base(room)
             {
             }
         }

osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Online/TestSceneScoresContainer.cs

@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Online
             });
         }
 
-        private int onlineID = 1;
+        private ulong onlineID = 1;
 
         private APIScoresCollection createScores()
         {

osu.Game.Tests/Visual/Ranking/TestSceneHitEventTimingDistributionGraph.cs

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
-#nullable disable
-
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
@@ -20,7 +18,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Ranking
 {
     public class TestSceneHitEventTimingDistributionGraph : OsuTestScene
     {
-        private HitEventTimingDistributionGraph graph;
+        private HitEventTimingDistributionGraph graph = null!;
 
         private static readonly HitObject placeholder_object = new HitCircle();
 
@@ -43,6 +41,65 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Ranking
             createTest(Enumerable.Range(-150, 300).Select(i => new HitEvent(i / 50f, HitResult.Perfect, placeholder_object, placeholder_object, null)).ToList());
         }
 
+        [Test]
+        public void TestSparse()
+        {
+            createTest(new List<HitEvent>
+            {
+                new HitEvent(-7, HitResult.Perfect, placeholder_object, placeholder_object, null),
+                new HitEvent(-6, HitResult.Perfect, placeholder_object, placeholder_object, null),
+                new HitEvent(-5, HitResult.Perfect, placeholder_object, placeholder_object, null),
+                new HitEvent(5, HitResult.Perfect, placeholder_object, placeholder_object, null),
+                new HitEvent(6, HitResult.Perfect, placeholder_object, placeholder_object, null),
+                new HitEvent(7, HitResult.Perfect, placeholder_object, placeholder_object, null),
+            });
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestVariousTypesOfHitResult()
+        {
+            createTest(CreateDistributedHitEvents(0, 50).Select(h =>
+            {
+                double offset = Math.Abs(h.TimeOffset);
+                HitResult result = offset > 36 ? HitResult.Miss
+                    : offset > 32 ? HitResult.Meh
+                    : offset > 24 ? HitResult.Ok
+                    : offset > 16 ? HitResult.Good
+                    : offset > 8 ? HitResult.Great
+                    : HitResult.Perfect;
+                return new HitEvent(h.TimeOffset, result, placeholder_object, placeholder_object, null);
+            }).ToList());
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void TestMultipleWindowsOfHitResult()
+        {
+            var wide = CreateDistributedHitEvents(0, 50).Select(h =>
+            {
+                double offset = Math.Abs(h.TimeOffset);
+                HitResult result = offset > 36 ? HitResult.Miss
+                    : offset > 32 ? HitResult.Meh
+                    : offset > 24 ? HitResult.Ok
+                    : offset > 16 ? HitResult.Good
+                    : offset > 8 ? HitResult.Great
+                    : HitResult.Perfect;
+
+                return new HitEvent(h.TimeOffset, result, placeholder_object, placeholder_object, null);
+            });
+            var narrow = CreateDistributedHitEvents(0, 50).Select(h =>
+            {
+                double offset = Math.Abs(h.TimeOffset);
+                HitResult result = offset > 25 ? HitResult.Miss
+                    : offset > 20 ? HitResult.Meh
+                    : offset > 15 ? HitResult.Ok
+                    : offset > 10 ? HitResult.Good
+                    : offset > 5 ? HitResult.Great
+                    : HitResult.Perfect;
+                return new HitEvent(h.TimeOffset, result, placeholder_object, placeholder_object, null);
+            });
+            createTest(wide.Concat(narrow).ToList());
+        }
+
         [Test]
         public void TestZeroTimeOffset()
         {

osu.Game.Tests/Visual/SongSelect/TestScenePlaySongSelect.cs

@@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
-#nullable disable
-
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Diagnostics;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using NUnit.Framework;
@@ -13,6 +12,7 @@ using osu.Framework.Audio;
 using osu.Framework.Bindables;
 using osu.Framework.Extensions;
 using osu.Framework.Extensions.IEnumerableExtensions;
+using osu.Framework.Extensions.ObjectExtensions;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
 using osu.Framework.Platform;
 using osu.Framework.Screens;
@@ -46,11 +46,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
     [TestFixture]
     public class TestScenePlaySongSelect : ScreenTestScene
     {
-        private BeatmapManager manager;
-        private RulesetStore rulesets;
-        private MusicController music;
-        private WorkingBeatmap defaultBeatmap;
-        private TestSongSelect songSelect;
+        private BeatmapManager manager = null!;
+        private RulesetStore rulesets = null!;
+        private MusicController music = null!;
+        private WorkingBeatmap defaultBeatmap = null!;
+        private OsuConfigManager config = null!;
+        private TestSongSelect? songSelect;
 
         [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
         private void load(GameHost host, AudioManager audio)
@@ -69,8 +70,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
             Dependencies.Cache(config = new OsuConfigManager(LocalStorage));
         }
 
-        private OsuConfigManager config;
-
         public override void SetUpSteps()
         {
             base.SetUpSteps();
@@ -85,7 +84,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
                 songSelect = null;
             });
 
-            AddStep("delete all beatmaps", () => manager?.Delete());
+            AddStep("delete all beatmaps", () => manager.Delete());
         }
 
         [Test]
@@ -98,7 +97,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
             addRulesetImportStep(0);
             AddUntilStep("wait for placeholder hidden", () => getPlaceholder()?.State.Value == Visibility.Hidden);
 
-            AddStep("delete all beatmaps", () => manager?.Delete());
+            AddStep("delete all beatmaps", () => manager.Delete());
             AddUntilStep("wait for placeholder visible", () => getPlaceholder()?.State.Value == Visibility.Visible);
         }
 
@@ -144,7 +143,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
 
             createSongSelect();
 
-            AddAssert("filter count is 1", () => songSelect.FilterCount == 1);
+            AddAssert("filter count is 1", () => songSelect?.FilterCount == 1);
         }
 
         [Test]
@@ -156,7 +155,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
 
             waitForInitialSelection();
 
-            WorkingBeatmap selected = null;
+            WorkingBeatmap? selected = null;
 
             AddStep("store selected beatmap", () => selected = Beatmap.Value);
 
@@ -166,7 +165,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
                 InputManager.Key(Key.Enter);
             });
 
-            AddUntilStep("wait for not current", () => !songSelect.IsCurrentScreen());
+            AddUntilStep("wait for not current", () => !songSelect!.IsCurrentScreen());
             AddAssert("ensure selection changed", () => selected != Beatmap.Value);
         }
 
@@ -179,7 +178,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
 
             waitForInitialSelection();
 
-            WorkingBeatmap selected = null;
+            WorkingBeatmap? selected = null;
 
             AddStep("store selected beatmap", () => selected = Beatmap.Value);
 
@@ -189,7 +188,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
                 InputManager.Key(Key.Down);
             });
 
-            AddUntilStep("wait for not current", () => !songSelect.IsCurrentScreen());
+            AddUntilStep("wait for not current", () => !songSelect!.IsCurrentScreen());
             AddAssert("ensure selection didn't change", () => selected == Beatmap.Value);
         }
 
@@ -202,23 +201,23 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
 
             AddUntilStep("wait for initial selection", () => !Beatmap.IsDefault);
 
-            WorkingBeatmap selected = null;
+            WorkingBeatmap? selected = null;
 
             AddStep("store selected beatmap", () => selected = Beatmap.Value);
 
-            AddUntilStep("wait for beatmaps to load", () => songSelect.Carousel.ChildrenOfType<DrawableCarouselBeatmap>().Any());
+            AddUntilStep("wait for beatmaps to load", () => songSelect!.Carousel.ChildrenOfType<DrawableCarouselBeatmap>().Any());
 
             AddStep("select next and enter", () =>
             {
-                InputManager.MoveMouseTo(songSelect.Carousel.ChildrenOfType<DrawableCarouselBeatmap>()
-                                                   .First(b => !((CarouselBeatmap)b.Item).BeatmapInfo.Equals(songSelect.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo)));
+                InputManager.MoveMouseTo(songSelect!.Carousel.ChildrenOfType<DrawableCarouselBeatmap>()
+                                                    .First(b => !((CarouselBeatmap)b.Item).BeatmapInfo.Equals(songSelect!.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo)));
 
                 InputManager.Click(MouseButton.Left);
 
                 InputManager.Key(Key.Enter);
             });
 
-            AddUntilStep("wait for not current", () => !songSelect.IsCurrentScreen());
+            AddUntilStep("wait for not current", () => !songSelect!.IsCurrentScreen());
             AddAssert("ensure selection changed", () => selected != Beatmap.Value);
         }
 
@@ -231,14 +230,14 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
 
             waitForInitialSelection();
 
-            WorkingBeatmap selected = null;
+            WorkingBeatmap? selected = null;
 
             AddStep("store selected beatmap", () => selected = Beatmap.Value);
 
             AddStep("select next and enter", () =>
             {
-                InputManager.MoveMouseTo(songSelect.Carousel.ChildrenOfType<DrawableCarouselBeatmap>()
-                                                   .First(b => !((CarouselBeatmap)b.Item).BeatmapInfo.Equals(songSelect.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo)));
+                InputManager.MoveMouseTo(songSelect!.Carousel.ChildrenOfType<DrawableCarouselBeatmap>()
+                                                    .First(b => !((CarouselBeatmap)b.Item).BeatmapInfo.Equals(songSelect!.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo)));
 
                 InputManager.PressButton(MouseButton.Left);
 
@@ -247,7 +246,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
                 InputManager.ReleaseButton(MouseButton.Left);
             });
 
-            AddUntilStep("wait for not current", () => !songSelect.IsCurrentScreen());
+            AddUntilStep("wait for not current", () => !songSelect!.IsCurrentScreen());
             AddAssert("ensure selection didn't change", () => selected == Beatmap.Value);
         }
 
@@ -260,11 +259,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
             createSongSelect();
 
             AddStep("push child screen", () => Stack.Push(new TestSceneOsuScreenStack.TestScreen("test child")));
-            AddUntilStep("wait for not current", () => !songSelect.IsCurrentScreen());
+            AddUntilStep("wait for not current", () => !songSelect!.IsCurrentScreen());
 
-            AddStep("return", () => songSelect.MakeCurrent());
-            AddUntilStep("wait for current", () => songSelect.IsCurrentScreen());
-            AddAssert("filter count is 1", () => songSelect.FilterCount == 1);
+            AddStep("return", () => songSelect!.MakeCurrent());
+            AddUntilStep("wait for current", () => songSelect!.IsCurrentScreen());
+            AddAssert("filter count is 1", () => songSelect!.FilterCount == 1);
         }
 
         [Test]
@@ -278,13 +277,13 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
             createSongSelect();
 
             AddStep("push child screen", () => Stack.Push(new TestSceneOsuScreenStack.TestScreen("test child")));
-            AddUntilStep("wait for not current", () => !songSelect.IsCurrentScreen());
+            AddUntilStep("wait for not current", () => !songSelect!.IsCurrentScreen());
 
             AddStep("change convert setting", () => config.SetValue(OsuSetting.ShowConvertedBeatmaps, true));
 
-            AddStep("return", () => songSelect.MakeCurrent());
-            AddUntilStep("wait for current", () => songSelect.IsCurrentScreen());
-            AddAssert("filter count is 2", () => songSelect.FilterCount == 2);
+            AddStep("return", () => songSelect!.MakeCurrent());
+            AddUntilStep("wait for current", () => songSelect!.IsCurrentScreen());
+            AddAssert("filter count is 2", () => songSelect!.FilterCount == 2);
         }
 
         [Test]
@@ -295,7 +294,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
             createSongSelect();
 
             AddStep("push child screen", () => Stack.Push(new TestSceneOsuScreenStack.TestScreen("test child")));
-            AddUntilStep("wait for not current", () => !songSelect.IsCurrentScreen());
+            AddUntilStep("wait for not current", () => !songSelect!.IsCurrentScreen());
 
             AddStep("update beatmap", () =>
             {
@@ -304,9 +303,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
                 Beatmap.Value = manager.GetWorkingBeatmap(anotherBeatmap);
             });
 
-            AddStep("return", () => songSelect.MakeCurrent());
-            AddUntilStep("wait for current", () => songSelect.IsCurrentScreen());
-            AddAssert("carousel updated", () => songSelect.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo.Equals(Beatmap.Value.BeatmapInfo));
+            AddStep("return", () => songSelect!.MakeCurrent());
+            AddUntilStep("wait for current", () => songSelect!.IsCurrentScreen());
+            AddAssert("carousel updated", () => songSelect!.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo?.Equals(Beatmap.Value.BeatmapInfo) == true);
         }
 
         [Test]
@@ -318,15 +317,15 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
             addRulesetImportStep(0);
 
             checkMusicPlaying(true);
-            AddStep("select first", () => songSelect.Carousel.SelectBeatmap(songSelect.Carousel.BeatmapSets.First().Beatmaps.First()));
+            AddStep("select first", () => songSelect!.Carousel.SelectBeatmap(songSelect!.Carousel.BeatmapSets.First().Beatmaps.First()));
             checkMusicPlaying(true);
 
             AddStep("manual pause", () => music.TogglePause());
             checkMusicPlaying(false);
-            AddStep("select next difficulty", () => songSelect.Carousel.SelectNext(skipDifficulties: false));
+            AddStep("select next difficulty", () => songSelect!.Carousel.SelectNext(skipDifficulties: false));
             checkMusicPlaying(false);
 
-            AddStep("select next set", () => songSelect.Carousel.SelectNext());
+            AddStep("select next set", () => songSelect!.Carousel.SelectNext());
             checkMusicPlaying(true);
         }
 
@@ -366,13 +365,13 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
         public void TestDummy()
         {
             createSongSelect();
-            AddUntilStep("dummy selected", () => songSelect.CurrentBeatmap == defaultBeatmap);
+            AddUntilStep("dummy selected", () => songSelect!.CurrentBeatmap == defaultBeatmap);
 
-            AddUntilStep("dummy shown on wedge", () => songSelect.CurrentBeatmapDetailsBeatmap == defaultBeatmap);
+            AddUntilStep("dummy shown on wedge", () => songSelect!.CurrentBeatmapDetailsBeatmap == defaultBeatmap);
 
             addManyTestMaps();
 
-            AddUntilStep("random map selected", () => songSelect.CurrentBeatmap != defaultBeatmap);
+            AddUntilStep("random map selected", () => songSelect!.CurrentBeatmap != defaultBeatmap);
         }
 
         [Test]
@@ -381,7 +380,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
             createSongSelect();
             addManyTestMaps();
 
-            AddUntilStep("random map selected", () => songSelect.CurrentBeatmap != defaultBeatmap);
+            AddUntilStep("random map selected", () => songSelect!.CurrentBeatmap != defaultBeatmap);
 
             AddStep(@"Sort by Artist", () => config.SetValue(OsuSetting.SongSelectSortingMode, SortMode.Artist));
             AddStep(@"Sort by Title", () => config.SetValue(OsuSetting.SongSelectSortingMode, SortMode.Title));
@@ -398,7 +397,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
         {
             createSongSelect();
             addRulesetImportStep(2);
-            AddUntilStep("no selection", () => songSelect.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo == null);
+            AddUntilStep("no selection", () => songSelect!.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo == null);
         }
 
         [Test]
@@ -408,13 +407,13 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
             changeRuleset(2);
             addRulesetImportStep(2);
             addRulesetImportStep(1);
-            AddUntilStep("has selection", () => songSelect.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo.Ruleset.OnlineID == 2);
+            AddUntilStep("has selection", () => songSelect!.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo?.Ruleset.OnlineID == 2);
 
             changeRuleset(1);
-            AddUntilStep("has selection", () => songSelect.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo.Ruleset.OnlineID == 1);
+            AddUntilStep("has selection", () => songSelect!.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo?.Ruleset.OnlineID == 1);
 
             changeRuleset(0);
-            AddUntilStep("no selection", () => songSelect.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo == null);
+            AddUntilStep("no selection", () => songSelect!.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo == null);
         }
 
         [Test]
@@ -423,7 +422,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
             createSongSelect();
             changeRuleset(0);
 
-            Live<BeatmapSetInfo> original = null!;
+            Live<BeatmapSetInfo>? original = null;
             int originalOnlineSetID = 0;
 
             AddStep(@"Sort by artist", () => config.SetValue(OsuSetting.SongSelectSortingMode, SortMode.Artist));
@@ -431,12 +430,17 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
             AddStep("import original", () =>
             {
                 original = manager.Import(new ImportTask(TestResources.GetQuickTestBeatmapForImport())).GetResultSafely();
-                originalOnlineSetID = original!.Value.OnlineID;
+
+                Debug.Assert(original != null);
+
+                originalOnlineSetID = original.Value.OnlineID;
             });
 
             // This will move the beatmap set to a different location in the carousel.
             AddStep("Update original with bogus info", () =>
             {
+                Debug.Assert(original != null);
+
                 original.PerformWrite(set =>
                 {
                     foreach (var beatmap in set.Beatmaps)
@@ -457,13 +461,19 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
                 manager.Import(testBeatmapSetInfo);
             }, 10);
 
-            AddUntilStep("has selection", () => songSelect.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo?.BeatmapSet?.OnlineID == originalOnlineSetID);
+            AddUntilStep("has selection", () => songSelect!.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo?.BeatmapSet?.OnlineID == originalOnlineSetID);
 
-            Task<Live<BeatmapSetInfo>> updateTask = null!;
-            AddStep("update beatmap", () => updateTask = manager.ImportAsUpdate(new ProgressNotification(), new ImportTask(TestResources.GetQuickTestBeatmapForImport()), original.Value));
+            Task<Live<BeatmapSetInfo>?> updateTask = null!;
+
+            AddStep("update beatmap", () =>
+            {
+                Debug.Assert(original != null);
+
+                updateTask = manager.ImportAsUpdate(new ProgressNotification(), new ImportTask(TestResources.GetQuickTestBeatmapForImport()), original.Value);
+            });
             AddUntilStep("wait for update completion", () => updateTask.IsCompleted);
 
-            AddUntilStep("retained selection", () => songSelect.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo?.BeatmapSet?.OnlineID == originalOnlineSetID);
+            AddUntilStep("retained selection", () => songSelect!.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo?.BeatmapSet?.OnlineID == originalOnlineSetID);
         }
 
         [Test]
@@ -473,13 +483,13 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
             changeRuleset(2);
 
             addRulesetImportStep(2);
-            AddUntilStep("has selection", () => songSelect.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo.Ruleset.OnlineID == 2);
+            AddUntilStep("has selection", () => songSelect!.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo?.Ruleset.OnlineID == 2);
 
             addRulesetImportStep(0);
             addRulesetImportStep(0);
             addRulesetImportStep(0);
 
-            BeatmapInfo target = null;
+            BeatmapInfo? target = null;
 
             AddStep("select beatmap/ruleset externally", () =>
             {
@@ -490,10 +500,10 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
                 Beatmap.Value = manager.GetWorkingBeatmap(target);
             });
 
-            AddUntilStep("has selection", () => songSelect.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo.Equals(target));
+            AddUntilStep("has selection", () => songSelect!.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo?.Equals(target) == true);
 
             // this is an important check, to make sure updateComponentFromBeatmap() was actually run
-            AddUntilStep("selection shown on wedge", () => songSelect.CurrentBeatmapDetailsBeatmap.BeatmapInfo.MatchesOnlineID(target));
+            AddUntilStep("selection shown on wedge", () => songSelect!.CurrentBeatmapDetailsBeatmap.BeatmapInfo.MatchesOnlineID(target));
         }
 
         [Test]
@@ -503,13 +513,13 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
             changeRuleset(2);
 
             addRulesetImportStep(2);
-            AddUntilStep("has selection", () => songSelect.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo.Ruleset.OnlineID == 2);
+            AddUntilStep("has selection", () => songSelect!.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo?.Ruleset.OnlineID == 2);
 
             addRulesetImportStep(0);
             addRulesetImportStep(0);
             addRulesetImportStep(0);
 
-            BeatmapInfo target = null;
+            BeatmapInfo? target = null;
 
             AddStep("select beatmap/ruleset externally", () =>
             {
@@ -520,12 +530,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
                 Ruleset.Value = rulesets.AvailableRulesets.First(r => r.OnlineID == 0);
             });
 
-            AddUntilStep("has selection", () => songSelect.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo.Equals(target));
+            AddUntilStep("has selection", () => songSelect!.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo?.Equals(target) == true);
 
             AddUntilStep("has correct ruleset", () => Ruleset.Value.OnlineID == 0);
 
             // this is an important check, to make sure updateComponentFromBeatmap() was actually run
-            AddUntilStep("selection shown on wedge", () => songSelect.CurrentBeatmapDetailsBeatmap.BeatmapInfo.MatchesOnlineID(target));
+            AddUntilStep("selection shown on wedge", () => songSelect!.CurrentBeatmapDetailsBeatmap.BeatmapInfo.MatchesOnlineID(target));
         }
 
         [Test]
@@ -543,12 +553,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
             AddStep("change ruleset", () =>
             {
                 SelectedMods.ValueChanged += onModChange;
-                songSelect.Ruleset.ValueChanged += onRulesetChange;
+                songSelect!.Ruleset.ValueChanged += onRulesetChange;
 
                 Ruleset.Value = new TaikoRuleset().RulesetInfo;
 
                 SelectedMods.ValueChanged -= onModChange;
-                songSelect.Ruleset.ValueChanged -= onRulesetChange;
+                songSelect!.Ruleset.ValueChanged -= onRulesetChange;
             });
 
             AddAssert("mods changed before ruleset", () => modChangeIndex < rulesetChangeIndex);
@@ -579,18 +589,18 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
         {
             createSongSelect();
             addManyTestMaps();
-            AddUntilStep("has selection", () => songSelect.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo != null);
+            AddUntilStep("has selection", () => songSelect!.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo != null);
 
             bool startRequested = false;
 
             AddStep("set filter and finalize", () =>
             {
-                songSelect.StartRequested = () => startRequested = true;
+                songSelect!.StartRequested = () => startRequested = true;
 
-                songSelect.Carousel.Filter(new FilterCriteria { SearchText = "somestringthatshouldn'tbematchable" });
-                songSelect.FinaliseSelection();
+                songSelect!.Carousel.Filter(new FilterCriteria { SearchText = "somestringthatshouldn'tbematchable" });
+                songSelect!.FinaliseSelection();
 
-                songSelect.StartRequested = null;
+                songSelect!.StartRequested = null;
             });
 
             AddAssert("start not requested", () => !startRequested);
@@ -610,15 +620,15 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
             // used for filter check below
             AddStep("allow convert display", () => config.SetValue(OsuSetting.ShowConvertedBeatmaps, true));
 
-            AddUntilStep("has selection", () => songSelect.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo != null);
+            AddUntilStep("has selection", () => songSelect!.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo != null);
 
-            AddStep("set filter text", () => songSelect.FilterControl.ChildrenOfType<SearchTextBox>().First().Text = "nonono");
+            AddStep("set filter text", () => songSelect!.FilterControl.ChildrenOfType<SearchTextBox>().First().Text = "nonono");
 
             AddUntilStep("dummy selected", () => Beatmap.Value is DummyWorkingBeatmap);
 
-            AddUntilStep("has no selection", () => songSelect.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo == null);
+            AddUntilStep("has no selection", () => songSelect!.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo == null);
 
-            BeatmapInfo target = null;
+            BeatmapInfo? target = null;
 
             int targetRuleset = differentRuleset ? 1 : 0;
 
@@ -632,24 +642,24 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
                 Beatmap.Value = manager.GetWorkingBeatmap(target);
             });
 
-            AddUntilStep("has selection", () => songSelect.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo != null);
+            AddUntilStep("has selection", () => songSelect!.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo != null);
 
             AddAssert("selected only shows expected ruleset (plus converts)", () =>
             {
-                var selectedPanel = songSelect.Carousel.ChildrenOfType<DrawableCarouselBeatmapSet>().First(s => s.Item.State.Value == CarouselItemState.Selected);
+                var selectedPanel = songSelect!.Carousel.ChildrenOfType<DrawableCarouselBeatmapSet>().First(s => s.Item.State.Value == CarouselItemState.Selected);
 
                 // special case for converts checked here.
                 return selectedPanel.ChildrenOfType<FilterableDifficultyIcon>().All(i =>
                     i.IsFiltered || i.Item.BeatmapInfo.Ruleset.OnlineID == targetRuleset || i.Item.BeatmapInfo.Ruleset.OnlineID == 0);
             });
 
-            AddUntilStep("carousel has correct", () => songSelect.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo?.MatchesOnlineID(target) == true);
+            AddUntilStep("carousel has correct", () => songSelect!.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo?.MatchesOnlineID(target) == true);
             AddUntilStep("game has correct", () => Beatmap.Value.BeatmapInfo.MatchesOnlineID(target));
 
-            AddStep("reset filter text", () => songSelect.FilterControl.ChildrenOfType<SearchTextBox>().First().Text = string.Empty);
+            AddStep("reset filter text", () => songSelect!.FilterControl.ChildrenOfType<SearchTextBox>().First().Text = string.Empty);
 
             AddAssert("game still correct", () => Beatmap.Value?.BeatmapInfo.MatchesOnlineID(target) == true);
-            AddAssert("carousel still correct", () => songSelect.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo.MatchesOnlineID(target));
+            AddAssert("carousel still correct", () => songSelect!.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo.MatchesOnlineID(target));
         }
 
         [Test]
@@ -662,15 +672,15 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
 
             changeRuleset(0);
 
-            AddUntilStep("has selection", () => songSelect.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo != null);
+            AddUntilStep("has selection", () => songSelect!.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo != null);
 
-            AddStep("set filter text", () => songSelect.FilterControl.ChildrenOfType<SearchTextBox>().First().Text = "nonono");
+            AddStep("set filter text", () => songSelect!.FilterControl.ChildrenOfType<SearchTextBox>().First().Text = "nonono");
 
             AddUntilStep("dummy selected", () => Beatmap.Value is DummyWorkingBeatmap);
 
-            AddUntilStep("has no selection", () => songSelect.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo == null);
+            AddUntilStep("has no selection", () => songSelect!.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo == null);
 
-            BeatmapInfo target = null;
+            BeatmapInfo? target = null;
 
             AddStep("select beatmap externally", () =>
             {
@@ -682,15 +692,15 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
                 Beatmap.Value = manager.GetWorkingBeatmap(target);
             });
 
-            AddUntilStep("has selection", () => songSelect.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo != null);
+            AddUntilStep("has selection", () => songSelect!.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo != null);
 
-            AddUntilStep("carousel has correct", () => songSelect.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo?.MatchesOnlineID(target) == true);
+            AddUntilStep("carousel has correct", () => songSelect!.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo?.MatchesOnlineID(target) == true);
             AddUntilStep("game has correct", () => Beatmap.Value.BeatmapInfo.MatchesOnlineID(target));
 
-            AddStep("set filter text", () => songSelect.FilterControl.ChildrenOfType<SearchTextBox>().First().Text = "nononoo");
+            AddStep("set filter text", () => songSelect!.FilterControl.ChildrenOfType<SearchTextBox>().First().Text = "nononoo");
 
             AddUntilStep("game lost selection", () => Beatmap.Value is DummyWorkingBeatmap);
-            AddAssert("carousel lost selection", () => songSelect.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo == null);
+            AddAssert("carousel lost selection", () => songSelect!.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo == null);
         }
 
         [Test]
@@ -711,11 +721,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
 
             AddUntilStep("wait for player", () => Stack.CurrentScreen is PlayerLoader);
 
-            AddAssert("autoplay selected", () => songSelect.Mods.Value.Single() is ModAutoplay);
+            AddAssert("autoplay selected", () => songSelect!.Mods.Value.Single() is ModAutoplay);
 
-            AddUntilStep("wait for return to ss", () => songSelect.IsCurrentScreen());
+            AddUntilStep("wait for return to ss", () => songSelect!.IsCurrentScreen());
 
-            AddAssert("no mods selected", () => songSelect.Mods.Value.Count == 0);
+            AddAssert("no mods selected", () => songSelect!.Mods.Value.Count == 0);
         }
 
         [Test]
@@ -738,11 +748,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
 
             AddUntilStep("wait for player", () => Stack.CurrentScreen is PlayerLoader);
 
-            AddAssert("autoplay selected", () => songSelect.Mods.Value.Single() is ModAutoplay);
+            AddAssert("autoplay selected", () => songSelect!.Mods.Value.Single() is ModAutoplay);
 
-            AddUntilStep("wait for return to ss", () => songSelect.IsCurrentScreen());
+            AddUntilStep("wait for return to ss", () => songSelect!.IsCurrentScreen());
 
-            AddAssert("autoplay still selected", () => songSelect.Mods.Value.Single() is ModAutoplay);
+            AddAssert("autoplay still selected", () => songSelect!.Mods.Value.Single() is ModAutoplay);
         }
 
         [Test]
@@ -765,11 +775,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
 
             AddUntilStep("wait for player", () => Stack.CurrentScreen is PlayerLoader);
 
-            AddAssert("only autoplay selected", () => songSelect.Mods.Value.Single() is ModAutoplay);
+            AddAssert("only autoplay selected", () => songSelect!.Mods.Value.Single() is ModAutoplay);
 
-            AddUntilStep("wait for return to ss", () => songSelect.IsCurrentScreen());
+            AddUntilStep("wait for return to ss", () => songSelect!.IsCurrentScreen());
 
-            AddAssert("relax returned", () => songSelect.Mods.Value.Single() is ModRelax);
+            AddAssert("relax returned", () => songSelect!.Mods.Value.Single() is ModRelax);
         }
 
         [Test]
@@ -778,10 +788,10 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
             Guid? previousID = null;
             createSongSelect();
             addRulesetImportStep(0);
-            AddStep("Move to last difficulty", () => songSelect.Carousel.SelectBeatmap(songSelect.Carousel.BeatmapSets.First().Beatmaps.Last()));
-            AddStep("Store current ID", () => previousID = songSelect.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo.ID);
-            AddStep("Hide first beatmap", () => manager.Hide(songSelect.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapSet.Beatmaps.First()));
-            AddAssert("Selected beatmap has not changed", () => songSelect.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo.ID == previousID);
+            AddStep("Move to last difficulty", () => songSelect!.Carousel.SelectBeatmap(songSelect!.Carousel.BeatmapSets.First().Beatmaps.Last()));
+            AddStep("Store current ID", () => previousID = songSelect!.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo!.ID);
+            AddStep("Hide first beatmap", () => manager.Hide(songSelect!.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapSet!.Beatmaps.First()));
+            AddAssert("Selected beatmap has not changed", () => songSelect!.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo?.ID == previousID);
         }
 
         [Test]
@@ -792,17 +802,24 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
 
             AddUntilStep("wait for selection", () => !Beatmap.IsDefault);
 
-            DrawableCarouselBeatmapSet set = null;
+            DrawableCarouselBeatmapSet set = null!;
             AddStep("Find the DrawableCarouselBeatmapSet", () =>
             {
-                set = songSelect.Carousel.ChildrenOfType<DrawableCarouselBeatmapSet>().First();
+                set = songSelect!.Carousel.ChildrenOfType<DrawableCarouselBeatmapSet>().First();
             });
 
-            FilterableDifficultyIcon difficultyIcon = null;
+            FilterableDifficultyIcon difficultyIcon = null!;
+
             AddUntilStep("Find an icon", () =>
             {
-                return (difficultyIcon = set.ChildrenOfType<FilterableDifficultyIcon>()
-                                            .FirstOrDefault(icon => getDifficultyIconIndex(set, icon) != getCurrentBeatmapIndex())) != null;
+                var foundIcon = set.ChildrenOfType<FilterableDifficultyIcon>()
+                                   .FirstOrDefault(icon => getDifficultyIconIndex(set, icon) != getCurrentBeatmapIndex());
+
+                if (foundIcon == null)
+                    return false;
+
+                difficultyIcon = foundIcon;
+                return true;
             });
 
             AddStep("Click on a difficulty", () =>
@@ -815,21 +832,24 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
             AddAssert("Selected beatmap correct", () => getCurrentBeatmapIndex() == getDifficultyIconIndex(set, difficultyIcon));
 
             double? maxBPM = null;
-            AddStep("Filter some difficulties", () => songSelect.Carousel.Filter(new FilterCriteria
+            AddStep("Filter some difficulties", () => songSelect!.Carousel.Filter(new FilterCriteria
             {
                 BPM = new FilterCriteria.OptionalRange<double>
                 {
-                    Min = maxBPM = songSelect.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapSet.MaxBPM,
+                    Min = maxBPM = songSelect!.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapSet!.MaxBPM,
                     IsLowerInclusive = true
                 }
             }));
 
-            BeatmapInfo filteredBeatmap = null;
-            FilterableDifficultyIcon filteredIcon = null;
+            BeatmapInfo? filteredBeatmap = null;
+            FilterableDifficultyIcon? filteredIcon = null;
 
             AddStep("Get filtered icon", () =>
             {
-                var selectedSet = songSelect.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapSet;
+                var selectedSet = songSelect!.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapSet;
+
+                Debug.Assert(selectedSet != null);
+
                 filteredBeatmap = selectedSet.Beatmaps.First(b => b.BPM < maxBPM);
                 int filteredBeatmapIndex = getBeatmapIndex(selectedSet, filteredBeatmap);
                 filteredIcon = set.ChildrenOfType<FilterableDifficultyIcon>().ElementAt(filteredBeatmapIndex);
@@ -842,7 +862,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
                 InputManager.Click(MouseButton.Left);
             });
 
-            AddAssert("Selected beatmap correct", () => songSelect.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo.Equals(filteredBeatmap));
+            AddAssert("Selected beatmap correct", () => songSelect!.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo?.Equals(filteredBeatmap) == true);
         }
 
         [Test]
@@ -907,14 +927,14 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
                 manager.Import(TestResources.CreateTestBeatmapSetInfo(3, usableRulesets));
             });
 
-            DrawableCarouselBeatmapSet set = null;
+            DrawableCarouselBeatmapSet? set = null;
             AddUntilStep("Find the DrawableCarouselBeatmapSet", () =>
             {
-                set = songSelect.Carousel.ChildrenOfType<DrawableCarouselBeatmapSet>().FirstOrDefault();
+                set = songSelect!.Carousel.ChildrenOfType<DrawableCarouselBeatmapSet>().FirstOrDefault();
                 return set != null;
             });
 
-            FilterableDifficultyIcon difficultyIcon = null;
+            FilterableDifficultyIcon? difficultyIcon = null;
             AddUntilStep("Find an icon for different ruleset", () =>
             {
                 difficultyIcon = set.ChildrenOfType<FilterableDifficultyIcon>()
@@ -937,7 +957,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
 
             AddUntilStep("Check ruleset changed to mania", () => Ruleset.Value.OnlineID == 3);
 
-            AddAssert("Selected beatmap still same set", () => songSelect.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo.BeatmapSet?.OnlineID == previousSetID);
+            AddAssert("Selected beatmap still same set", () => songSelect!.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo?.BeatmapSet?.OnlineID == previousSetID);
             AddAssert("Selected beatmap is mania", () => Beatmap.Value.BeatmapInfo.Ruleset.OnlineID == 3);
         }
 
@@ -948,7 +968,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
 
             createSongSelect();
 
-            BeatmapSetInfo imported = null;
+            BeatmapSetInfo? imported = null;
 
             AddStep("import huge difficulty count map", () =>
             {
@@ -956,20 +976,27 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
                 imported = manager.Import(TestResources.CreateTestBeatmapSetInfo(50, usableRulesets))?.Value;
             });
 
-            AddStep("select the first beatmap of import", () => Beatmap.Value = manager.GetWorkingBeatmap(imported.Beatmaps.First()));
+            AddStep("select the first beatmap of import", () => Beatmap.Value = manager.GetWorkingBeatmap(imported?.Beatmaps.First()));
 
-            DrawableCarouselBeatmapSet set = null;
+            DrawableCarouselBeatmapSet? set = null;
             AddUntilStep("Find the DrawableCarouselBeatmapSet", () =>
             {
-                set = songSelect.Carousel.ChildrenOfType<DrawableCarouselBeatmapSet>().FirstOrDefault();
+                set = songSelect!.Carousel.ChildrenOfType<DrawableCarouselBeatmapSet>().FirstOrDefault();
                 return set != null;
             });
 
-            GroupedDifficultyIcon groupIcon = null;
+            GroupedDifficultyIcon groupIcon = null!;
+
             AddUntilStep("Find group icon for different ruleset", () =>
             {
-                return (groupIcon = set.ChildrenOfType<GroupedDifficultyIcon>()
-                                       .FirstOrDefault(icon => icon.Items.First().BeatmapInfo.Ruleset.OnlineID == 3)) != null;
+                var foundIcon = set.ChildrenOfType<GroupedDifficultyIcon>()
+                                   .FirstOrDefault(icon => icon.Items.First().BeatmapInfo.Ruleset.OnlineID == 3);
+
+                if (foundIcon == null)
+                    return false;
+
+                groupIcon = foundIcon;
+                return true;
             });
 
             AddAssert("Check ruleset is osu!", () => Ruleset.Value.OnlineID == 0);
@@ -1004,7 +1031,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
                 // this ruleset change should be overridden by the present.
                 Ruleset.Value = getSwitchBeatmap().Ruleset;
 
-                songSelect.PresentScore(new ScoreInfo
+                songSelect!.PresentScore(new ScoreInfo
                 {
                     User = new APIUser { Username = "woo" },
                     BeatmapInfo = getPresentBeatmap(),
@@ -1012,7 +1039,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
                 });
             });
 
-            AddUntilStep("wait for results screen presented", () => !songSelect.IsCurrentScreen());
+            AddUntilStep("wait for results screen presented", () => !songSelect!.IsCurrentScreen());
 
             AddAssert("check beatmap is correct for score", () => Beatmap.Value.BeatmapInfo.MatchesOnlineID(getPresentBeatmap()));
             AddAssert("check ruleset is correct for score", () => Ruleset.Value.OnlineID == 0);
@@ -1038,10 +1065,10 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
                 // this beatmap change should be overridden by the present.
                 Beatmap.Value = manager.GetWorkingBeatmap(getSwitchBeatmap());
 
-                songSelect.PresentScore(TestResources.CreateTestScoreInfo(getPresentBeatmap()));
+                songSelect!.PresentScore(TestResources.CreateTestScoreInfo(getPresentBeatmap()));
             });
 
-            AddUntilStep("wait for results screen presented", () => !songSelect.IsCurrentScreen());
+            AddUntilStep("wait for results screen presented", () => !songSelect!.IsCurrentScreen());
 
             AddAssert("check beatmap is correct for score", () => Beatmap.Value.BeatmapInfo.MatchesOnlineID(getPresentBeatmap()));
             AddAssert("check ruleset is correct for score", () => Ruleset.Value.OnlineID == 0);
@@ -1054,23 +1081,29 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
             createSongSelect();
 
             AddStep("toggle mod overlay on", () => InputManager.Key(Key.F1));
-            AddUntilStep("mod overlay shown", () => songSelect.ModSelect.State.Value == Visibility.Visible);
+            AddUntilStep("mod overlay shown", () => songSelect!.ModSelect.State.Value == Visibility.Visible);
 
             AddStep("toggle mod overlay off", () => InputManager.Key(Key.F1));
-            AddUntilStep("mod overlay hidden", () => songSelect.ModSelect.State.Value == Visibility.Hidden);
+            AddUntilStep("mod overlay hidden", () => songSelect!.ModSelect.State.Value == Visibility.Hidden);
         }
 
         private void waitForInitialSelection()
         {
             AddUntilStep("wait for initial selection", () => !Beatmap.IsDefault);
-            AddUntilStep("wait for difficulty panels visible", () => songSelect.Carousel.ChildrenOfType<DrawableCarouselBeatmap>().Any());
+            AddUntilStep("wait for difficulty panels visible", () => songSelect!.Carousel.ChildrenOfType<DrawableCarouselBeatmap>().Any());
         }
 
         private int getBeatmapIndex(BeatmapSetInfo set, BeatmapInfo info) => set.Beatmaps.IndexOf(info);
 
-        private NoResultsPlaceholder getPlaceholder() => songSelect.ChildrenOfType<NoResultsPlaceholder>().FirstOrDefault();
+        private NoResultsPlaceholder? getPlaceholder() => songSelect!.ChildrenOfType<NoResultsPlaceholder>().FirstOrDefault();
 
-        private int getCurrentBeatmapIndex() => getBeatmapIndex(songSelect.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapSet, songSelect.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo);
+        private int getCurrentBeatmapIndex()
+        {
+            Debug.Assert(songSelect!.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapSet != null);
+            Debug.Assert(songSelect!.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo != null);
+
+            return getBeatmapIndex(songSelect!.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapSet, songSelect!.Carousel.SelectedBeatmapInfo);
+        }
 
         private int getDifficultyIconIndex(DrawableCarouselBeatmapSet set, FilterableDifficultyIcon icon)
         {
@@ -1079,14 +1112,14 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
 
         private void addRulesetImportStep(int id)
         {
-            Live<BeatmapSetInfo> imported = null;
+            Live<BeatmapSetInfo>? imported = null;
             AddStep($"import test map for ruleset {id}", () => imported = importForRuleset(id));
             // This is specifically for cases where the add is happening post song select load.
             // For cases where song select is null, the assertions are provided by the load checks.
-            AddUntilStep("wait for imported to arrive in carousel", () => songSelect == null || songSelect.Carousel.BeatmapSets.Any(s => s.ID == imported?.ID));
+            AddUntilStep("wait for imported to arrive in carousel", () => songSelect == null || songSelect!.Carousel.BeatmapSets.Any(s => s.ID == imported?.ID));
         }
 
-        private Live<BeatmapSetInfo> importForRuleset(int id) => manager.Import(TestResources.CreateTestBeatmapSetInfo(3, rulesets.AvailableRulesets.Where(r => r.OnlineID == id).ToArray()));
+        private Live<BeatmapSetInfo>? importForRuleset(int id) => manager.Import(TestResources.CreateTestBeatmapSetInfo(3, rulesets.AvailableRulesets.Where(r => r.OnlineID == id).ToArray()));
 
         private void checkMusicPlaying(bool playing) =>
             AddUntilStep($"music {(playing ? "" : "not ")}playing", () => music.IsPlaying == playing);
@@ -1098,8 +1131,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
         private void createSongSelect()
         {
             AddStep("create song select", () => LoadScreen(songSelect = new TestSongSelect()));
-            AddUntilStep("wait for present", () => songSelect.IsCurrentScreen());
-            AddUntilStep("wait for carousel loaded", () => songSelect.Carousel.IsAlive);
+            AddUntilStep("wait for present", () => songSelect!.IsCurrentScreen());
+            AddUntilStep("wait for carousel loaded", () => songSelect!.Carousel.IsAlive);
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -1123,12 +1156,14 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.SongSelect
         protected override void Dispose(bool isDisposing)
         {
             base.Dispose(isDisposing);
-            rulesets?.Dispose();
+
+            if (rulesets.IsNotNull())
+                rulesets.Dispose();
         }
 
         private class TestSongSelect : PlaySongSelect
         {
-            public Action StartRequested;
+            public Action? StartRequested;
 
             public new Bindable<RulesetInfo> Ruleset => base.Ruleset;
 

osu.Game.Tests/Visual/UserInterface/TestSceneSizePreservingSpriteText.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Globalization;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Shapes;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics;
+using osu.Game.Graphics.Containers;
+using osu.Game.Graphics.Sprites;
+using osu.Game.Graphics;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.UserInterface
+{
+    public class TestSceneSizePreservingSpriteText : OsuGridTestScene
+    {
+        private readonly List<Container> parentContainers = new List<Container>();
+        private readonly List<UprightAspectMaintainingContainer> childContainers = new List<UprightAspectMaintainingContainer>();
+        private readonly OsuSpriteText osuSpriteText = new OsuSpriteText();
+        private readonly SizePreservingSpriteText sizePreservingSpriteText = new SizePreservingSpriteText();
+
+        public TestSceneSizePreservingSpriteText()
+            : base(1, 2)
+        {
+            for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
+            {
+                UprightAspectMaintainingContainer childContainer;
+                Container parentContainer = new Container
+                {
+                    Origin = Anchor.BottomRight,
+                    Anchor = Anchor.BottomCentre,
+                    AutoSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                    Rotation = 45,
+                    Y = -200,
+                    Children = new Drawable[]
+                    {
+                        new Box
+                        {
+                            RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                            Colour = Colour4.Red,
+                        },
+                        childContainer = new UprightAspectMaintainingContainer
+                        {
+                            AutoSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                            Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                            Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                            Children = new Drawable[]
+                            {
+                                new Box
+                                {
+                                    RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                                    Colour = Colour4.Blue,
+                                },
+                            }
+                        },
+                    }
+                };
+
+                Container cellInfo = new Container
+                {
+                    Origin = Anchor.TopCentre,
+                    Anchor = Anchor.TopCentre,
+                    Margin = new MarginPadding
+                    {
+                        Top = 100,
+                    },
+                    Child = new OsuSpriteText
+                    {
+                        Text = (i == 0) ? "OsuSpriteText" : "SizePreservingSpriteText",
+                        Font = OsuFont.GetFont(Typeface.Inter, weight: FontWeight.Bold, size: 40),
+                        Origin = Anchor.TopCentre,
+                        Anchor = Anchor.TopCentre,
+                    },
+                };
+
+                parentContainers.Add(parentContainer);
+                childContainers.Add(childContainer);
+                Cell(i).Add(cellInfo);
+                Cell(i).Add(parentContainer);
+            }
+
+            childContainers[0].Add(osuSpriteText);
+            childContainers[1].Add(sizePreservingSpriteText);
+            osuSpriteText.Font = sizePreservingSpriteText.Font = OsuFont.GetFont(Typeface.Venera, weight: FontWeight.Bold, size: 20);
+        }
+
+        protected override void Update()
+        {
+            base.Update();
+            osuSpriteText.Text = sizePreservingSpriteText.Text = DateTime.Now.ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
+        }
+    }
+}

osu.Game.Tests/Visual/UserInterface/TestSceneUprightAspectMaintainingContainer.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,244 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+using NUnit.Framework;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Shapes;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics;
+using osu.Framework.Utils;
+using osu.Game.Graphics.Containers;
+using osu.Game.Graphics.Sprites;
+using osu.Game.Graphics;
+using osuTK.Graphics;
+using osuTK;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.UserInterface
+{
+    public class TestSceneUprightAspectMaintainingContainer : OsuGridTestScene
+    {
+        private const int rows = 3;
+        private const int columns = 4;
+
+        private readonly ScaleMode[] scaleModeValues = { ScaleMode.NoScaling, ScaleMode.Horizontal, ScaleMode.Vertical };
+        private readonly float[] scalingFactorValues = { 1.0f / 3, 1.0f / 2, 1.0f, 1.5f };
+
+        private readonly List<List<Container>> parentContainers = new List<List<Container>>(rows);
+        private readonly List<List<UprightAspectMaintainingContainer>> childContainers = new List<List<UprightAspectMaintainingContainer>>(rows);
+
+        // Preferably should be set to (4 * 2^n)
+        private const int rotation_step_count = 3;
+
+        private readonly List<int> flipStates = new List<int>();
+        private readonly List<float> rotationSteps = new List<float>();
+        private readonly List<float> scaleSteps = new List<float>();
+
+        public TestSceneUprightAspectMaintainingContainer()
+            : base(rows, columns)
+        {
+            for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++)
+            {
+                parentContainers.Add(new List<Container>());
+                childContainers.Add(new List<UprightAspectMaintainingContainer>());
+
+                for (int j = 0; j < columns; j++)
+                {
+                    UprightAspectMaintainingContainer child;
+                    Container parent = new Container
+                    {
+                        Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                        Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                        Height = 80,
+                        Width = 80,
+                        Children = new Drawable[]
+                        {
+                            new Box
+                            {
+                                RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                                Colour = new Color4(255, 0, 0, 160),
+                            },
+                            new OsuSpriteText
+                            {
+                                Text = "Parent",
+                            },
+                            child = new UprightAspectMaintainingContainer
+                            {
+                                Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                                Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                                AutoSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+
+                                // These are the parameters being Tested
+                                Scaling = scaleModeValues[i],
+                                ScalingFactor = scalingFactorValues[j],
+
+                                Children = new Drawable[]
+                                {
+                                    new Box
+                                    {
+                                        RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                                        Colour = new Color4(0, 0, 255, 160),
+                                    },
+                                    new OsuSpriteText
+                                    {
+                                        Text = "Text",
+                                        Font = OsuFont.Numeric,
+                                        Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                                        Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                                        Padding = new MarginPadding
+                                        {
+                                            Horizontal = 4,
+                                            Vertical = 4,
+                                        }
+                                    },
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    };
+
+                    Container cellInfo = new Container
+                    {
+                        Children = new Drawable[]
+                        {
+                            new OsuSpriteText
+                            {
+                                Text = "Scaling: " + scaleModeValues[i].ToString(),
+                            },
+                            new OsuSpriteText
+                            {
+                                Text = "ScalingFactor: " + scalingFactorValues[j].ToString("0.00"),
+                                Margin = new MarginPadding
+                                {
+                                    Top = 15,
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    };
+
+                    Cell(i * columns + j).Add(cellInfo);
+                    Cell(i * columns + j).Add(parent);
+                    parentContainers[i].Add(parent);
+                    childContainers[i].Add(child);
+                }
+            }
+
+            flipStates.AddRange(new[] { 1, -1 });
+            rotationSteps.AddRange(Enumerable.Range(0, rotation_step_count).Select(x => 360f * ((float)x / rotation_step_count)));
+            scaleSteps.AddRange(new[] { 1, 0.3f, 1.5f });
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void ExplicitlySizedParent()
+        {
+            var parentStates = from xFlip in flipStates
+                               from yFlip in flipStates
+                               from xScale in scaleSteps
+                               from yScale in scaleSteps
+                               from rotation in rotationSteps
+                               select new { xFlip, yFlip, xScale, yScale, rotation };
+
+            foreach (var state in parentStates)
+            {
+                Vector2 parentScale = new Vector2(state.xFlip * state.xScale, state.yFlip * state.yScale);
+                float parentRotation = state.rotation;
+
+                AddStep("S: (" + parentScale.X.ToString("0.00") + ", " + parentScale.Y.ToString("0.00") + "), R: " + parentRotation.ToString("0.00"), () =>
+                {
+                    foreach (List<Container> list in parentContainers)
+                    {
+                        foreach (Container container in list)
+                        {
+                            container.Scale = parentScale;
+                            container.Rotation = parentRotation;
+                        }
+                    }
+                });
+
+                AddAssert("Check if state is valid", () =>
+                {
+                    foreach (int i in Enumerable.Range(0, parentContainers.Count))
+                    {
+                        foreach (int j in Enumerable.Range(0, parentContainers[i].Count))
+                        {
+                            if (!uprightAspectMaintainingContainerStateIsValid(parentContainers[i][j], childContainers[i][j]))
+                                return false;
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    return true;
+                });
+            }
+        }
+
+        private bool uprightAspectMaintainingContainerStateIsValid(Container parent, UprightAspectMaintainingContainer child)
+        {
+            Matrix3 parentMatrix = parent.DrawInfo.Matrix;
+            Matrix3 childMatrix = child.DrawInfo.Matrix;
+            Vector3 childScale = childMatrix.ExtractScale();
+            Vector3 parentScale = parentMatrix.ExtractScale();
+
+            // Orientation check
+            if (!(isNearlyZero(MathF.Abs(childMatrix.M21)) && isNearlyZero(MathF.Abs(childMatrix.M12))))
+                return false;
+
+            // flip check
+            if (!(childMatrix.M11 * childMatrix.M22 > 0))
+                return false;
+
+            // Aspect ratio check
+            if (!isNearlyZero(childScale.X - childScale.Y))
+                return false;
+
+            // ScalingMode check
+            switch (child.Scaling)
+            {
+                case ScaleMode.NoScaling:
+                    if (!(isNearlyZero(childMatrix.M11 - 1.0f) && isNearlyZero(childMatrix.M22 - 1.0f)))
+                        return false;
+
+                    break;
+
+                case ScaleMode.Vertical:
+                    if (!(checkScaling(child.ScalingFactor, parentScale.Y, childScale.Y)))
+                        return false;
+
+                    break;
+
+                case ScaleMode.Horizontal:
+                    if (!(checkScaling(child.ScalingFactor, parentScale.X, childScale.X)))
+                        return false;
+
+                    break;
+            }
+
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        private bool checkScaling(float scalingFactor, float parentScale, float childScale)
+        {
+            if (scalingFactor <= 1.0f)
+            {
+                if (!isNearlyZero(1.0f + (parentScale - 1.0f) * scalingFactor - childScale))
+                    return false;
+            }
+            else if (scalingFactor > 1.0f)
+            {
+                if (parentScale < 1.0f)
+                {
+                    if (!isNearlyZero((parentScale * (1.0f / scalingFactor)) - childScale))
+                        return false;
+                }
+                else if (!isNearlyZero(parentScale * scalingFactor - childScale))
+                    return false;
+            }
+
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        private bool isNearlyZero(float f, float epsilon = Precision.FLOAT_EPSILON)
+        {
+            return f < epsilon;
+        }
+    }
+}

osu.Game.Tournament/Models/TournamentMatch.cs

@@ -106,13 +106,16 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tournament.Models
         }
 
         /// <summary>
-        /// Initialise this match with zeroed scores. Will be a noop if either team is not present.
+        /// Initialise this match with zeroed scores. Will be a noop if either team is not present or if either of the scores are non-zero.
         /// </summary>
         public void StartMatch()
         {
             if (Team1.Value == null || Team2.Value == null)
                 return;
 
+            if (Team1Score.Value > 0 || Team2Score.Value > 0)
+                return;
+
             Team1Score.Value = 0;
             Team2Score.Value = 0;
         }

osu.Game/BackgroundBeatmapProcessor.cs

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ using System.Diagnostics;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Threading;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
+using Newtonsoft.Json;
 using osu.Framework.Allocation;
 using osu.Framework.Bindables;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
@@ -14,6 +15,7 @@ using osu.Framework.Logging;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
 using osu.Game.Database;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets;
+using osu.Game.Scoring;
 using osu.Game.Screens.Play;
 
 namespace osu.Game
@@ -23,6 +25,9 @@ namespace osu.Game
         [Resolved]
         private RulesetStore rulesetStore { get; set; } = null!;
 
+        [Resolved]
+        private ScoreManager scoreManager { get; set; } = null!;
+
         [Resolved]
         private RealmAccess realmAccess { get; set; } = null!;
 
@@ -46,6 +51,7 @@ namespace osu.Game
                 Logger.Log("Beginning background beatmap processing..");
                 checkForOutdatedStarRatings();
                 processBeatmapSetsWithMissingMetrics();
+                processScoresWithMissingStatistics();
             }).ContinueWith(t =>
             {
                 if (t.Exception?.InnerException is ObjectDisposedException)
@@ -140,5 +146,52 @@ namespace osu.Game
                 });
             }
         }
+
+        private void processScoresWithMissingStatistics()
+        {
+            HashSet<Guid> scoreIds = new HashSet<Guid>();
+
+            Logger.Log("Querying for scores to reprocess...");
+
+            realmAccess.Run(r =>
+            {
+                foreach (var score in r.All<ScoreInfo>())
+                {
+                    if (score.Statistics.Sum(kvp => kvp.Value) > 0 && score.MaximumStatistics.Sum(kvp => kvp.Value) == 0)
+                        scoreIds.Add(score.ID);
+                }
+            });
+
+            Logger.Log($"Found {scoreIds.Count} scores which require reprocessing.");
+
+            foreach (var id in scoreIds)
+            {
+                while (localUserPlayInfo?.IsPlaying.Value == true)
+                {
+                    Logger.Log("Background processing sleeping due to active gameplay...");
+                    Thread.Sleep(TimeToSleepDuringGameplay);
+                }
+
+                try
+                {
+                    var score = scoreManager.Query(s => s.ID == id);
+
+                    scoreManager.PopulateMaximumStatistics(score);
+
+                    // Can't use async overload because we're not on the update thread.
+                    // ReSharper disable once MethodHasAsyncOverload
+                    realmAccess.Write(r =>
+                    {
+                        r.Find<ScoreInfo>(id).MaximumStatisticsJson = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(score.MaximumStatistics);
+                    });
+
+                    Logger.Log($"Populated maximum statistics for score {id}");
+                }
+                catch (Exception e)
+                {
+                    Logger.Log(@$"Failed to populate maximum statistics for {id}: {e}");
+                }
+            }
+        }
     }
 }

osu.Game/Beatmaps/Drawables/Cards/Buttons/DownloadButton.cs

@@ -17,8 +17,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Beatmaps.Drawables.Cards.Buttons
 {
     public class DownloadButton : BeatmapCardIconButton
     {
-        public IBindable<DownloadState> State => state;
-        private readonly Bindable<DownloadState> state = new Bindable<DownloadState>();
+        public Bindable<DownloadState> State { get; } = new Bindable<DownloadState>();
 
         private readonly APIBeatmapSet beatmapSet;
 
@@ -48,14 +47,19 @@ namespace osu.Game.Beatmaps.Drawables.Cards.Buttons
         {
             base.LoadComplete();
             preferNoVideo.BindValueChanged(_ => updateState());
-            state.BindValueChanged(_ => updateState(), true);
+            State.BindValueChanged(_ => updateState(), true);
             FinishTransforms(true);
         }
 
         private void updateState()
         {
-            switch (state.Value)
+            switch (State.Value)
             {
+                case DownloadState.Unknown:
+                    Action = null;
+                    TooltipText = string.Empty;
+                    break;
+
                 case DownloadState.Downloading:
                 case DownloadState.Importing:
                     Action = null;

osu.Game/Beatmaps/Drawables/Cards/Buttons/PlayButton.cs

@@ -41,6 +41,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Beatmaps.Drawables.Cards.Buttons
 
             Anchor = Origin = Anchor.Centre;
 
+            // needed for touch input to work when card is not hovered/expanded
+            AlwaysPresent = true;
+
             Children = new Drawable[]
             {
                 icon = new SpriteIcon

osu.Game/Beatmaps/FramedBeatmapClock.cs

@@ -121,7 +121,18 @@ namespace osu.Game.Beatmaps
         protected override void Update()
         {
             base.Update();
-            finalClockSource.ProcessFrame();
+
+            if (Source != null && Source is not IAdjustableClock && Source.CurrentTime < decoupledClock.CurrentTime)
+            {
+                // InterpolatingFramedClock won't interpolate backwards unless its source has an ElapsedFrameTime.
+                // See https://github.com/ppy/osu-framework/blob/ba1385330cc501f34937e08257e586c84e35d772/osu.Framework/Timing/InterpolatingFramedClock.cs#L91-L93
+                // This is not always the case here when doing large seeks.
+                // (Of note, this is not an issue if the source is adjustable, as the source is seeked to be in time by DecoupleableInterpolatingFramedClock).
+                // Rather than trying to get around this by fixing the framework clock stack, let's work around it for now.
+                Seek(Source.CurrentTime);
+            }
+            else
+                finalClockSource.ProcessFrame();
         }
 
         public double TotalAppliedOffset

osu.Game/Graphics/Containers/UprightAspectMaintainingContainer.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using System;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
+using osu.Framework.Layout;
+using osuTK;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Graphics.Containers
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// A container that reverts any rotation (and optionally scale) applied by its direct parent.
+    /// </summary>
+    public class UprightAspectMaintainingContainer : Container
+    {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Controls how much this container scales compared to its parent (default is 1.0f).
+        /// </summary>
+        public float ScalingFactor { get; set; } = 1;
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Controls the scaling of this container.
+        /// </summary>
+        public ScaleMode Scaling { get; set; } = ScaleMode.Vertical;
+
+        private readonly LayoutValue layout = new LayoutValue(Invalidation.DrawInfo, InvalidationSource.Parent);
+
+        public UprightAspectMaintainingContainer()
+        {
+            AddLayout(layout);
+        }
+
+        protected override void Update()
+        {
+            base.Update();
+
+            if (!layout.IsValid)
+            {
+                keepUprightAndUnstretched();
+                layout.Validate();
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Keeps the drawable upright and unstretched preventing it from being rotated, sheared, scaled or flipped with its Parent.
+        /// </summary>
+        private void keepUprightAndUnstretched()
+        {
+            // Decomposes the inverse of the parent DrawInfo.Matrix into rotation, shear and scale.
+            var parentMatrix = Parent.DrawInfo.Matrix;
+
+            // Remove Translation.>
+            parentMatrix.M31 = 0.0f;
+            parentMatrix.M32 = 0.0f;
+
+            Matrix3 reversedParent = parentMatrix.Inverted();
+
+            // Extract the rotation.
+            float angle = MathF.Atan2(reversedParent.M12, reversedParent.M11);
+            Rotation = MathHelper.RadiansToDegrees(angle);
+
+            // Remove rotation from the C matrix so that it only contains shear and scale.
+            Matrix3 m = Matrix3.CreateRotationZ(-angle);
+            reversedParent *= m;
+
+            // Extract shear.
+            float alpha = reversedParent.M21 / reversedParent.M22;
+            Shear = new Vector2(-alpha, 0);
+
+            // Etract scale.
+            float sx = reversedParent.M11;
+            float sy = reversedParent.M22;
+
+            Vector3 parentScale = parentMatrix.ExtractScale();
+
+            float usedScale = 1.0f;
+
+            switch (Scaling)
+            {
+                case ScaleMode.Horizontal:
+                    usedScale = parentScale.X;
+                    break;
+
+                case ScaleMode.Vertical:
+                    usedScale = parentScale.Y;
+                    break;
+            }
+
+            if (Scaling != ScaleMode.NoScaling)
+            {
+                if (ScalingFactor < 1.0f)
+                    usedScale = 1.0f + (usedScale - 1.0f) * ScalingFactor;
+                if (ScalingFactor > 1.0f)
+                    usedScale = (usedScale < 1.0f) ? usedScale * (1.0f / ScalingFactor) : usedScale * ScalingFactor;
+            }
+
+            Scale = new Vector2(sx * usedScale, sy * usedScale);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public enum ScaleMode
+    {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Prevent this container from scaling.
+        /// </summary>
+        NoScaling,
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Scale uniformly (maintaining aspect ratio) based on the vertical scale of the parent.
+        /// </summary>
+        Vertical,
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Scale uniformly (maintaining aspect ratio) based on the horizontal scale of the parent.
+        /// </summary>
+        Horizontal,
+    }
+}

osu.Game/Graphics/OsuColour.cs

@@ -102,26 +102,31 @@ namespace osu.Game.Graphics
         /// <summary>
         /// Retrieves the colour for a <see cref="HitResult"/>.
         /// </summary>
-        public Color4 ForHitResult(HitResult judgement)
+        public Color4 ForHitResult(HitResult result)
         {
-            switch (judgement)
+            switch (result)
             {
-                case HitResult.Perfect:
-                case HitResult.Great:
-                    return Blue;
-
-                case HitResult.Ok:
-                case HitResult.Good:
-                    return Green;
+                case HitResult.SmallTickMiss:
+                case HitResult.LargeTickMiss:
+                case HitResult.Miss:
+                    return Red;
 
                 case HitResult.Meh:
                     return Yellow;
 
-                case HitResult.Miss:
-                    return Red;
+                case HitResult.Ok:
+                    return Green;
+
+                case HitResult.Good:
+                    return GreenLight;
+
+                case HitResult.SmallTickHit:
+                case HitResult.LargeTickHit:
+                case HitResult.Great:
+                    return Blue;
 
                 default:
-                    return Color4.White;
+                    return BlueLight;
             }
         }
 

osu.Game/Graphics/Sprites/SizePreservingSpriteText.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
+using osu.Framework.Localisation;
+using osuTK;
+using osuTK.Graphics;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Graphics.Sprites
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// A wrapped version of <see cref="OsuSpriteText"/> which will expand in size based on text content, but never shrink back down.
+    /// </summary>
+    public class SizePreservingSpriteText : CompositeDrawable
+    {
+        private readonly OsuSpriteText text = new OsuSpriteText();
+
+        private Vector2 maximumSize;
+
+        public SizePreservingSpriteText(Vector2? minimumSize = null)
+        {
+            text.Origin = Anchor.Centre;
+            text.Anchor = Anchor.Centre;
+
+            AddInternal(text);
+            maximumSize = minimumSize ?? Vector2.Zero;
+        }
+
+        protected override void Update()
+        {
+            Width = maximumSize.X = MathF.Max(maximumSize.X, text.Width);
+            Height = maximumSize.Y = MathF.Max(maximumSize.Y, text.Height);
+        }
+
+        public new Axes AutoSizeAxes
+        {
+            get => Axes.None;
+            set => throw new InvalidOperationException("You can't set AutoSizeAxes of this container");
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Gets or sets the text to be displayed.
+        /// </summary>
+        public LocalisableString Text
+        {
+            get => text.Text;
+            set => text.Text = value;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Contains information on the font used to display the text.
+        /// </summary>
+        public FontUsage Font
+        {
+            get => text.Font;
+            set => text.Font = value;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// True if a shadow should be displayed around the text.
+        /// </summary>
+        public bool Shadow
+        {
+            get => text.Shadow;
+            set => text.Shadow = value;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The colour of the shadow displayed around the text. A shadow will only be displayed if the <see cref="Shadow"/> property is set to true.
+        /// </summary>
+        public Color4 ShadowColour
+        {
+            get => text.ShadowColour;
+            set => text.ShadowColour = value;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The offset of the shadow displayed around the text. A shadow will only be displayed if the <see cref="Shadow"/> property is set to true.
+        /// </summary>
+        public Vector2 ShadowOffset
+        {
+            get => text.ShadowOffset;
+            set => text.ShadowOffset = value;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// True if the <see cref="SpriteText"/>'s vertical size should be equal to <see cref="FontUsage.Size"/>  (the full height) or precisely the size of used characters.
+        /// Set to false to allow better centering of individual characters/numerals/etc.
+        /// </summary>
+        public bool UseFullGlyphHeight
+        {
+            get => text.UseFullGlyphHeight;
+            set => text.UseFullGlyphHeight = value;
+        }
+
+        public override bool IsPresent => text.IsPresent;
+
+        public override string ToString() => text.ToString();
+
+        public float LineBaseHeight => text.LineBaseHeight;
+
+        public IEnumerable<LocalisableString> FilterTerms => text.FilterTerms;
+    }
+}

osu.Game/Online/API/Requests/Responses/SoloScoreInfo.cs

@@ -81,12 +81,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Online.API.Requests.Responses
         public int? LegacyTotalScore { get; set; }
 
         [JsonProperty("legacy_score_id")]
-        public uint? LegacyScoreId { get; set; }
+        public ulong? LegacyScoreId { get; set; }
 
         #region osu-web API additions (not stored to database).
 
         [JsonProperty("id")]
-        public long? ID { get; set; }
+        public ulong? ID { get; set; }
 
         [JsonProperty("user")]
         public APIUser? User { get; set; }
@@ -190,6 +190,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Online.API.Requests.Responses
             MaximumStatistics = score.MaximumStatistics.Where(kvp => kvp.Value != 0).ToDictionary(kvp => kvp.Key, kvp => kvp.Value),
         };
 
-        public long OnlineID => ID ?? -1;
+        public long OnlineID => (long?)ID ?? -1;
     }
 }

osu.Game/Online/DownloadState.cs

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Online
 {
     public enum DownloadState
     {
+        Unknown,
         NotDownloaded,
         Downloading,
         Importing,

osu.Game/Online/Multiplayer/Countdown/CountdownChangedEvent.cs

@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
-// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
-
-using MessagePack;
-
-namespace osu.Game.Online.Multiplayer.Countdown
-{
-    /// <summary>
-    /// Indicates a change to the <see cref="MultiplayerRoom"/>'s countdown.
-    /// </summary>
-    [MessagePackObject]
-    public class CountdownChangedEvent : MatchServerEvent
-    {
-        /// <summary>
-        /// The new countdown.
-        /// </summary>
-        [Key(0)]
-        public MultiplayerCountdown? Countdown { get; set; }
-    }
-}

osu.Game/Online/Multiplayer/Countdown/CountdownStartedEvent.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using MessagePack;
+using Newtonsoft.Json;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Online.Multiplayer.Countdown
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Indicates that a countdown started in the <see cref="MultiplayerRoom"/>.
+    /// </summary>
+    [MessagePackObject]
+    public class CountdownStartedEvent : MatchServerEvent
+    {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The countdown that was started.
+        /// </summary>
+        [Key(0)]
+        public readonly MultiplayerCountdown Countdown;
+
+        [JsonConstructor]
+        [SerializationConstructor]
+        public CountdownStartedEvent(MultiplayerCountdown countdown)
+        {
+            Countdown = countdown;
+        }
+    }
+}

osu.Game/Online/Multiplayer/Countdown/CountdownStoppedEvent.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using MessagePack;
+using Newtonsoft.Json;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Online.Multiplayer.Countdown
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Indicates that a countdown was stopped in the <see cref="MultiplayerRoom"/>.
+    /// </summary>
+    [MessagePackObject]
+    public class CountdownStoppedEvent : MatchServerEvent
+    {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The identifier of the countdown that was stopped.
+        /// </summary>
+        [Key(0)]
+        public readonly int ID;
+
+        [JsonConstructor]
+        [SerializationConstructor]
+        public CountdownStoppedEvent(int id)
+        {
+            ID = id;
+        }
+    }
+}

osu.Game/Online/Multiplayer/Countdown/StopCountdownRequest.cs

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
 using MessagePack;
+using Newtonsoft.Json;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Online.Multiplayer.Countdown
 {
@@ -11,5 +12,14 @@ namespace osu.Game.Online.Multiplayer.Countdown
     [MessagePackObject]
     public class StopCountdownRequest : MatchUserRequest
     {
+        [Key(0)]
+        public readonly int ID;
+
+        [JsonConstructor]
+        [SerializationConstructor]
+        public StopCountdownRequest(int id)
+        {
+            ID = id;
+        }
     }
 }

osu.Game/Online/Multiplayer/ForceGameplayStartCountdown.cs

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Online.Multiplayer
     /// and forcing progression of any clients that are blocking load due to user interaction.
     /// </summary>
     [MessagePackObject]
-    public class ForceGameplayStartCountdown : MultiplayerCountdown
+    public sealed class ForceGameplayStartCountdown : MultiplayerCountdown
     {
     }
 }

osu.Game/Online/Multiplayer/MatchServerEvent.cs

@@ -13,7 +13,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Online.Multiplayer
     [Serializable]
     [MessagePackObject]
     // IMPORTANT: Add rules to SignalRUnionWorkaroundResolver for new derived types.
-    [Union(0, typeof(CountdownChangedEvent))]
+    [Union(0, typeof(CountdownStartedEvent))]
+    [Union(1, typeof(CountdownStoppedEvent))]
     public abstract class MatchServerEvent
     {
     }

osu.Game/Online/Multiplayer/MatchStartCountdown.cs

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Online.Multiplayer
     /// A <see cref="MultiplayerCountdown"/> which will start the match after ending.
     /// </summary>
     [MessagePackObject]
-    public class MatchStartCountdown : MultiplayerCountdown
+    public sealed class MatchStartCountdown : MultiplayerCountdown
     {
     }
 }

osu.Game/Online/Multiplayer/MultiplayerClient.cs

@@ -552,8 +552,14 @@ namespace osu.Game.Online.Multiplayer
 
                 switch (e)
                 {
-                    case CountdownChangedEvent countdownChangedEvent:
-                        Room.Countdown = countdownChangedEvent.Countdown;
+                    case CountdownStartedEvent countdownStartedEvent:
+                        Room.ActiveCountdowns.Add(countdownStartedEvent.Countdown);
+                        break;
+
+                    case CountdownStoppedEvent countdownStoppedEvent:
+                        MultiplayerCountdown? countdown = Room.ActiveCountdowns.FirstOrDefault(countdown => countdown.ID == countdownStoppedEvent.ID);
+                        if (countdown != null)
+                            Room.ActiveCountdowns.Remove(countdown);
                         break;
                 }
 

osu.Game/Online/Multiplayer/MultiplayerCountdown.cs

@@ -15,13 +15,24 @@ namespace osu.Game.Online.Multiplayer
     [Union(1, typeof(ForceGameplayStartCountdown))]
     public abstract class MultiplayerCountdown
     {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// A unique identifier for this countdown.
+        /// </summary>
+        [Key(0)]
+        public int ID { get; set; }
+
         /// <summary>
         /// The amount of time remaining in the countdown.
         /// </summary>
         /// <remarks>
-        /// This is only sent once from the server upon initial retrieval of the <see cref="MultiplayerRoom"/> or via a <see cref="CountdownChangedEvent"/>.
+        /// This is only sent once from the server upon initial retrieval of the <see cref="MultiplayerRoom"/> or via a <see cref="CountdownStartedEvent"/>.
         /// </remarks>
-        [Key(0)]
+        [Key(1)]
         public TimeSpan TimeRemaining { get; set; }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Whether only a single instance of this <see cref="MultiplayerCountdown"/> type may be active at any one time.
+        /// </summary>
+        public virtual bool IsExclusive => true;
     }
 }

osu.Game/Online/Multiplayer/MultiplayerRoom.cs

@@ -53,10 +53,10 @@ namespace osu.Game.Online.Multiplayer
         public IList<MultiplayerPlaylistItem> Playlist { get; set; } = new List<MultiplayerPlaylistItem>();
 
         /// <summary>
-        /// The currently-running countdown.
+        /// The currently running countdowns.
         /// </summary>
         [Key(7)]
-        public MultiplayerCountdown? Countdown { get; set; }
+        public IList<MultiplayerCountdown> ActiveCountdowns { get; set; } = new List<MultiplayerCountdown>();
 
         [JsonConstructor]
         [SerializationConstructor]

osu.Game/Online/Rooms/OnlinePlayBeatmapAvailabilityTracker.cs

@@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Online.Rooms
 
             switch (downloadTracker.State.Value)
             {
+                case DownloadState.Unknown:
                 case DownloadState.NotDownloaded:
                     availability.Value = BeatmapAvailability.NotDownloaded();
                     break;

osu.Game/Online/SignalRWorkaroundTypes.cs

@@ -23,7 +23,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Online
             (typeof(ChangeTeamRequest), typeof(MatchUserRequest)),
             (typeof(StartMatchCountdownRequest), typeof(MatchUserRequest)),
             (typeof(StopCountdownRequest), typeof(MatchUserRequest)),
-            (typeof(CountdownChangedEvent), typeof(MatchServerEvent)),
+            (typeof(CountdownStartedEvent), typeof(MatchServerEvent)),
+            (typeof(CountdownStoppedEvent), typeof(MatchServerEvent)),
             (typeof(TeamVersusRoomState), typeof(MatchRoomState)),
             (typeof(TeamVersusUserState), typeof(MatchUserState)),
             (typeof(MatchStartCountdown), typeof(MultiplayerCountdown)),

osu.Game/OsuGame.cs

@@ -839,7 +839,9 @@ namespace osu.Game
                 OnHome = delegate
                 {
                     CloseAllOverlays(false);
-                    menuScreen?.MakeCurrent();
+
+                    if (menuScreen?.GetChildScreen() != null)
+                        menuScreen.MakeCurrent();
                 },
             }, topMostOverlayContent.Add);
 

osu.Game/OsuGameBase.cs

@@ -390,11 +390,6 @@ namespace osu.Game
             var framedClock = new FramedClock(beatmap.Track);
 
             beatmapClock.ChangeSource(framedClock);
-
-            // Normally the internal decoupled clock will seek the *track* to the decoupled time, but we blocked this.
-            // It won't behave nicely unless we also set it to the track's time.
-            // Probably another thing which should be fixed in the decoupled mess (or just replaced).
-            beatmapClock.Seek(beatmap.Track.CurrentTime);
         }
 
         protected virtual void InitialiseFonts()

osu.Game/Rulesets/Mods/ModTimeRamp.cs

@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods
         /// </summary>
         public const double FINAL_RATE_PROGRESS = 0.75f;
 
+        public override double ScoreMultiplier => 0.5;
+
         [SettingSource("Initial rate", "The starting speed of the track")]
         public abstract BindableNumber<double> InitialRate { get; }
 

osu.Game/Rulesets/Mods/ModWindDown.cs

@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods
         public override string Acronym => "WD";
         public override LocalisableString Description => "Sloooow doooown...";
         public override IconUsage? Icon => FontAwesome.Solid.ChevronCircleDown;
-        public override double ScoreMultiplier => 1.0;
 
         [SettingSource("Initial rate", "The starting speed of the track")]
         public override BindableNumber<double> InitialRate { get; } = new BindableDouble

osu.Game/Rulesets/Mods/ModWindUp.cs

@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods
         public override string Acronym => "WU";
         public override LocalisableString Description => "Can you keep up?";
         public override IconUsage? Icon => FontAwesome.Solid.ChevronCircleUp;
-        public override double ScoreMultiplier => 1.0;
 
         [SettingSource("Initial rate", "The starting speed of the track")]
         public override BindableNumber<double> InitialRate { get; } = new BindableDouble

osu.Game/Rulesets/Scoring/HitResult.cs

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
-#nullable disable
-
 using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.ComponentModel;
 using System.Diagnostics;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Runtime.Serialization;
+using osu.Framework.Extensions.EnumExtensions;
 using osu.Framework.Utils;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring
@@ -135,6 +135,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring
 #pragma warning disable CS0618
     public static class HitResultExtensions
     {
+        private static readonly IList<HitResult> order = EnumExtensions.GetValuesInOrder<HitResult>().ToList();
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Whether a <see cref="HitResult"/> increases the combo.
         /// </summary>
@@ -282,6 +284,13 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring
             Debug.Assert(minResult <= maxResult);
             return result > minResult && result < maxResult;
         }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Ordered index of a <see cref="HitResult"/>. Used for consistent order when displaying hit results to the user.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="result">The <see cref="HitResult"/> to get the index of.</param>
+        /// <returns>The index of <paramref name="result"/>.</returns>
+        public static int GetIndexForOrderedDisplay(this HitResult result) => order.IndexOf(result);
     }
 #pragma warning restore CS0618
 }

osu.Game/Rulesets/UI/DrawableRuleset.cs

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects.Drawables;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring;
 using osu.Game.Scoring;
 using osu.Game.Screens.Play;
+using osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD.ClicksPerSecond;
 using osuTK;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.UI
@@ -38,7 +39,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.UI
     /// Displays an interactive ruleset gameplay instance.
     /// </summary>
     /// <typeparam name="TObject">The type of HitObject contained by this DrawableRuleset.</typeparam>
-    public abstract class DrawableRuleset<TObject> : DrawableRuleset, IProvideCursor, ICanAttachKeyCounter
+    public abstract class DrawableRuleset<TObject> : DrawableRuleset, IProvideCursor, ICanAttachHUDPieces
         where TObject : HitObject
     {
         public override event Action<JudgementResult> NewResult;
@@ -338,7 +339,10 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.UI
         public abstract DrawableHitObject<TObject> CreateDrawableRepresentation(TObject h);
 
         public void Attach(KeyCounterDisplay keyCounter) =>
-            (KeyBindingInputManager as ICanAttachKeyCounter)?.Attach(keyCounter);
+            (KeyBindingInputManager as ICanAttachHUDPieces)?.Attach(keyCounter);
+
+        public void Attach(ClicksPerSecondCalculator calculator) =>
+            (KeyBindingInputManager as ICanAttachHUDPieces)?.Attach(calculator);
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Creates a key conversion input manager. An exception will be thrown if a valid <see cref="RulesetInputManager{T}"/> is not returned.

osu.Game/Rulesets/UI/FrameStabilityContainer.cs

@@ -2,15 +2,13 @@
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
 using System;
-using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Diagnostics;
-using System.Linq;
 using osu.Framework.Allocation;
+using osu.Framework.Audio;
 using osu.Framework.Bindables;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
 using osu.Framework.Timing;
-using osu.Framework.Utils;
 using osu.Game.Input.Handlers;
 using osu.Game.Screens.Play;
 
@@ -22,7 +20,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.UI
     /// </summary>
     [Cached(typeof(IGameplayClock))]
     [Cached(typeof(IFrameStableClock))]
-    public sealed class FrameStabilityContainer : Container, IHasReplayHandler, IFrameStableClock, IGameplayClock
+    public sealed class FrameStabilityContainer : Container, IHasReplayHandler, IFrameStableClock
     {
         public ReplayInputHandler? ReplayInputHandler { get; set; }
 
@@ -263,27 +261,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.UI
 
         public FrameTimeInfo TimeInfo => framedClock.TimeInfo;
 
-        public double TrueGameplayRate
-        {
-            get
-            {
-                double baseRate = Rate;
-
-                foreach (double adjustment in NonGameplayAdjustments)
-                {
-                    if (Precision.AlmostEquals(adjustment, 0))
-                        return 0;
-
-                    baseRate /= adjustment;
-                }
-
-                return baseRate;
-            }
-        }
-
         public double StartTime => parentGameplayClock?.StartTime ?? 0;
 
-        public IEnumerable<double> NonGameplayAdjustments => parentGameplayClock?.NonGameplayAdjustments ?? Enumerable.Empty<double>();
+        private readonly AudioAdjustments gameplayAdjustments = new AudioAdjustments();
+
+        public IAdjustableAudioComponent AdjustmentsFromMods => parentGameplayClock?.AdjustmentsFromMods ?? gameplayAdjustments;
 
         #endregion
 

osu.Game/Rulesets/UI/IFrameStableClock.cs

@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
 using osu.Framework.Bindables;
-using osu.Framework.Timing;
+using osu.Game.Screens.Play;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.UI
 {
-    public interface IFrameStableClock : IFrameBasedClock
+    public interface IFrameStableClock : IGameplayClock
     {
         IBindable<bool> IsCatchingUp { get; }
 

osu.Game/Rulesets/UI/RulesetInputManager.cs

@@ -20,11 +20,12 @@ using osu.Game.Input.Bindings;
 using osu.Game.Input.Handlers;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring;
 using osu.Game.Screens.Play;
+using osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD.ClicksPerSecond;
 using static osu.Game.Input.Handlers.ReplayInputHandler;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.UI
 {
-    public abstract class RulesetInputManager<T> : PassThroughInputManager, ICanAttachKeyCounter, IHasReplayHandler, IHasRecordingHandler
+    public abstract class RulesetInputManager<T> : PassThroughInputManager, ICanAttachHUDPieces, IHasReplayHandler, IHasRecordingHandler
         where T : struct
     {
         public readonly KeyBindingContainer<T> KeyBindingContainer;
@@ -168,7 +169,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.UI
                                                    .Select(action => new KeyCounterAction<T>(action)));
         }
 
-        public class ActionReceptor : KeyCounterDisplay.Receptor, IKeyBindingHandler<T>
+        private class ActionReceptor : KeyCounterDisplay.Receptor, IKeyBindingHandler<T>
         {
             public ActionReceptor(KeyCounterDisplay target)
                 : base(target)
@@ -186,6 +187,37 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.UI
 
         #endregion
 
+        #region Keys per second Counter Attachment
+
+        public void Attach(ClicksPerSecondCalculator calculator)
+        {
+            var listener = new ActionListener(calculator);
+
+            KeyBindingContainer.Add(listener);
+        }
+
+        private class ActionListener : Component, IKeyBindingHandler<T>
+        {
+            private readonly ClicksPerSecondCalculator calculator;
+
+            public ActionListener(ClicksPerSecondCalculator calculator)
+            {
+                this.calculator = calculator;
+            }
+
+            public bool OnPressed(KeyBindingPressEvent<T> e)
+            {
+                calculator.AddInputTimestamp();
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            public void OnReleased(KeyBindingReleaseEvent<T> e)
+            {
+            }
+        }
+
+        #endregion
+
         protected virtual KeyBindingContainer<T> CreateKeyBindingContainer(RulesetInfo ruleset, int variant, SimultaneousBindingMode unique)
             => new RulesetKeyBindingContainer(ruleset, variant, unique);
 
@@ -221,12 +253,13 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.UI
     }
 
     /// <summary>
-    /// Supports attaching a <see cref="KeyCounterDisplay"/>.
+    /// Supports attaching various HUD pieces.
     /// Keys will be populated automatically and a receptor will be injected inside.
     /// </summary>
-    public interface ICanAttachKeyCounter
+    public interface ICanAttachHUDPieces
     {
         void Attach(KeyCounterDisplay keyCounter);
+        void Attach(ClicksPerSecondCalculator calculator);
     }
 
     public class RulesetInputManagerInputState<T> : InputState

osu.Game/Scoring/ScoreImporter.cs

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Diagnostics;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Threading;
 using Newtonsoft.Json;
@@ -16,6 +17,8 @@ using osu.Game.Scoring.Legacy;
 using osu.Game.Online.API;
 using osu.Game.Online.API.Requests;
 using osu.Game.Online.API.Requests.Responses;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Judgements;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring;
 using Realms;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Scoring
@@ -71,6 +74,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Scoring
             if (model.BeatmapInfo == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(model.BeatmapInfo));
             if (model.Ruleset == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(model.Ruleset));
 
+            PopulateMaximumStatistics(model);
+
             if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(model.StatisticsJson))
                 model.StatisticsJson = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(model.Statistics);
 
@@ -78,6 +83,68 @@ namespace osu.Game.Scoring
                 model.MaximumStatisticsJson = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(model.MaximumStatistics);
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Populates the <see cref="ScoreInfo.MaximumStatistics"/> for a given <see cref="ScoreInfo"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="score">The score to populate the statistics of.</param>
+        public void PopulateMaximumStatistics(ScoreInfo score)
+        {
+            if (score.MaximumStatistics.Select(kvp => kvp.Value).Sum() > 0)
+                return;
+
+            var beatmap = score.BeatmapInfo.Detach();
+            var ruleset = score.Ruleset.Detach();
+            var rulesetInstance = ruleset.CreateInstance();
+
+            Debug.Assert(rulesetInstance != null);
+
+            // Populate the maximum statistics.
+            HitResult maxBasicResult = rulesetInstance.GetHitResults()
+                                                      .Select(h => h.result)
+                                                      .Where(h => h.IsBasic())
+                                                      .OrderByDescending(Judgement.ToNumericResult).First();
+
+            foreach ((HitResult result, int count) in score.Statistics)
+            {
+                switch (result)
+                {
+                    case HitResult.LargeTickHit:
+                    case HitResult.LargeTickMiss:
+                        score.MaximumStatistics[HitResult.LargeTickHit] = score.MaximumStatistics.GetValueOrDefault(HitResult.LargeTickHit) + count;
+                        break;
+
+                    case HitResult.SmallTickHit:
+                    case HitResult.SmallTickMiss:
+                        score.MaximumStatistics[HitResult.SmallTickHit] = score.MaximumStatistics.GetValueOrDefault(HitResult.SmallTickHit) + count;
+                        break;
+
+                    case HitResult.IgnoreHit:
+                    case HitResult.IgnoreMiss:
+                    case HitResult.SmallBonus:
+                    case HitResult.LargeBonus:
+                        break;
+
+                    default:
+                        score.MaximumStatistics[maxBasicResult] = score.MaximumStatistics.GetValueOrDefault(maxBasicResult) + count;
+                        break;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (!score.IsLegacyScore)
+                return;
+
+#pragma warning disable CS0618
+            // In osu! and osu!mania, some judgements affect combo but aren't stored to scores.
+            // A special hit result is used to pad out the combo value to match, based on the max combo from the difficulty attributes.
+            var calculator = rulesetInstance.CreateDifficultyCalculator(beatmaps().GetWorkingBeatmap(beatmap));
+            var attributes = calculator.Calculate(score.Mods);
+
+            int maxComboFromStatistics = score.MaximumStatistics.Where(kvp => kvp.Key.AffectsCombo()).Select(kvp => kvp.Value).DefaultIfEmpty(0).Sum();
+            if (attributes.MaxCombo > maxComboFromStatistics)
+                score.MaximumStatistics[HitResult.LegacyComboIncrease] = attributes.MaxCombo - maxComboFromStatistics;
+#pragma warning restore CS0618
+        }
+
         protected override void PostImport(ScoreInfo model, Realm realm, bool batchImport)
         {
             base.PostImport(model, realm, batchImport);

osu.Game/Scoring/ScoreManager.cs

@@ -28,7 +28,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Scoring
         private readonly OsuConfigManager configManager;
         private readonly ScoreImporter scoreImporter;
 
-        public ScoreManager(RulesetStore rulesets, Func<BeatmapManager> beatmaps, Storage storage, RealmAccess realm, IAPIProvider api, OsuConfigManager configManager = null)
+        public ScoreManager(RulesetStore rulesets, Func<BeatmapManager> beatmaps, Storage storage, RealmAccess realm, IAPIProvider api,
+                            OsuConfigManager configManager = null)
             : base(storage, realm)
         {
             this.configManager = configManager;
@@ -178,6 +179,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Scoring
         public Live<ScoreInfo> Import(ScoreInfo item, ArchiveReader archive = null, bool batchImport = false, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default) =>
             scoreImporter.ImportModel(item, archive, batchImport, cancellationToken);
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Populates the <see cref="ScoreInfo.MaximumStatistics"/> for a given <see cref="ScoreInfo"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="score">The score to populate the statistics of.</param>
+        public void PopulateMaximumStatistics(ScoreInfo score) => scoreImporter.PopulateMaximumStatistics(score);
+
         #region Implementation of IPresentImports<ScoreInfo>
 
         public Action<IEnumerable<Live<ScoreInfo>>> PresentImport

osu.Game/Screens/OnlinePlay/DrawableRoomPlaylistItem.cs

@@ -561,6 +561,10 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay
             {
                 switch (state.NewValue)
                 {
+                    case DownloadState.Unknown:
+                        // Ignore initial state to ensure the button doesn't briefly appear.
+                        break;
+
                     case DownloadState.LocallyAvailable:
                         // Perform a local query of the beatmap by beatmap checksum, and reset the state if not matching.
                         if (beatmapManager.QueryBeatmap(b => b.MD5Hash == beatmap.MD5Hash) == null)

osu.Game/Screens/OnlinePlay/Match/RoomSubScreen.cs

@@ -433,6 +433,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Match
 
         private void updateWorkingBeatmap()
         {
+            if (SelectedItem.Value == null || !this.IsCurrentScreen())
+                return;
+
             var beatmap = SelectedItem.Value?.Beatmap;
 
             // Retrieve the corresponding local beatmap, since we can't directly use the playlist's beatmap info

osu.Game/Screens/OnlinePlay/Multiplayer/Match/MatchStartControl.cs

@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Multiplayer.Match
             Debug.Assert(clickOperation == null);
             clickOperation = ongoingOperationTracker.BeginOperation();
 
-            if (isReady() && Client.IsHost && Room.Countdown == null)
+            if (isReady() && Client.IsHost && !Room.ActiveCountdowns.Any(c => c is MatchStartCountdown))
                 startMatch();
             else
                 toggleReady();
@@ -140,10 +140,14 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Multiplayer.Match
 
         private void cancelCountdown()
         {
+            if (Client.Room == null)
+                return;
+
             Debug.Assert(clickOperation == null);
             clickOperation = ongoingOperationTracker.BeginOperation();
 
-            Client.SendMatchRequest(new StopCountdownRequest()).ContinueWith(_ => endOperation());
+            MultiplayerCountdown countdown = Client.Room.ActiveCountdowns.Single(c => c is MatchStartCountdown);
+            Client.SendMatchRequest(new StopCountdownRequest(countdown.ID)).ContinueWith(_ => endOperation());
         }
 
         private void endOperation()
@@ -192,7 +196,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Multiplayer.Match
 
             // When the local user is the host and spectating the match, the ready button should be enabled only if any users are ready.
             if (localUser?.State == MultiplayerUserState.Spectating)
-                readyButton.Enabled.Value &= Client.IsHost && newCountReady > 0 && Room.Countdown == null;
+                readyButton.Enabled.Value &= Client.IsHost && newCountReady > 0 && !Room.ActiveCountdowns.Any(c => c is MatchStartCountdown);
 
             if (newCountReady == countReady)
                 return;

osu.Game/Screens/OnlinePlay/Multiplayer/Match/MultiplayerCountdownButton.cs

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #nullable disable
 
 using System;
+using System.Linq;
 using Humanizer;
 using osu.Framework.Allocation;
 using osu.Framework.Extensions;
@@ -79,7 +80,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Multiplayer.Match
 
         private void onRoomUpdated() => Scheduler.AddOnce(() =>
         {
-            bool countdownActive = multiplayerClient.Room?.Countdown is MatchStartCountdown;
+            bool countdownActive = multiplayerClient.Room?.ActiveCountdowns.Any(c => c is MatchStartCountdown) == true;
 
             if (countdownActive)
             {
@@ -121,7 +122,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Multiplayer.Match
                 });
             }
 
-            if (multiplayerClient.Room?.Countdown != null && multiplayerClient.IsHost)
+            if (multiplayerClient.Room?.ActiveCountdowns.Any(c => c is MatchStartCountdown) == true && multiplayerClient.IsHost)
             {
                 flow.Add(new OsuButton
                 {

osu.Game/Screens/OnlinePlay/Multiplayer/Match/MultiplayerMatchSettingsOverlay.cs

@@ -1,12 +1,9 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
-#nullable disable
-
 using System;
 using System.ComponentModel;
 using System.Diagnostics;
-using JetBrains.Annotations;
 using osu.Framework.Allocation;
 using osu.Framework.Bindables;
 using osu.Framework.Extensions;
@@ -30,12 +27,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Multiplayer.Match
 {
     public class MultiplayerMatchSettingsOverlay : RoomSettingsOverlay
     {
-        private MatchSettings settings;
+        private MatchSettings settings = null!;
 
         protected override OsuButton SubmitButton => settings.ApplyButton;
 
         [Resolved]
-        private OngoingOperationTracker ongoingOperationTracker { get; set; }
+        private OngoingOperationTracker ongoingOperationTracker { get; set; } = null!;
 
         protected override bool IsLoading => ongoingOperationTracker.InProgress.Value;
 
@@ -57,20 +54,21 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Multiplayer.Match
         {
             private const float disabled_alpha = 0.2f;
 
-            public Action SettingsApplied;
+            public Action? SettingsApplied;
 
-            public OsuTextBox NameField, MaxParticipantsField;
-            public MatchTypePicker TypePicker;
-            public OsuEnumDropdown<QueueMode> QueueModeDropdown;
-            public OsuTextBox PasswordTextBox;
-            public OsuCheckbox AutoSkipCheckbox;
-            public TriangleButton ApplyButton;
+            public OsuTextBox NameField = null!;
+            public OsuTextBox MaxParticipantsField = null!;
+            public MatchTypePicker TypePicker = null!;
+            public OsuEnumDropdown<QueueMode> QueueModeDropdown = null!;
+            public OsuTextBox PasswordTextBox = null!;
+            public OsuCheckbox AutoSkipCheckbox = null!;
+            public TriangleButton ApplyButton = null!;
 
-            public OsuSpriteText ErrorText;
+            public OsuSpriteText ErrorText = null!;
 
-            private OsuEnumDropdown<StartMode> startModeDropdown;
-            private OsuSpriteText typeLabel;
-            private LoadingLayer loadingLayer;
+            private OsuEnumDropdown<StartMode> startModeDropdown = null!;
+            private OsuSpriteText typeLabel = null!;
+            private LoadingLayer loadingLayer = null!;
 
             public void SelectBeatmap()
             {
@@ -79,26 +77,23 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Multiplayer.Match
             }
 
             [Resolved]
-            private MultiplayerMatchSubScreen matchSubScreen { get; set; }
+            private MultiplayerMatchSubScreen matchSubScreen { get; set; } = null!;
 
             [Resolved]
-            private IRoomManager manager { get; set; }
+            private IRoomManager manager { get; set; } = null!;
 
             [Resolved]
-            private MultiplayerClient client { get; set; }
+            private MultiplayerClient client { get; set; } = null!;
 
             [Resolved]
-            private OngoingOperationTracker ongoingOperationTracker { get; set; }
+            private OngoingOperationTracker ongoingOperationTracker { get; set; } = null!;
 
             private readonly IBindable<bool> operationInProgress = new BindableBool();
-
-            [CanBeNull]
-            private IDisposable applyingSettingsOperation;
-
             private readonly Room room;
 
-            private Drawable playlistContainer;
-            private DrawableRoomPlaylist drawablePlaylist;
+            private IDisposable? applyingSettingsOperation;
+            private Drawable playlistContainer = null!;
+            private DrawableRoomPlaylist drawablePlaylist = null!;
 
             public MatchSettings(Room room)
             {
@@ -423,7 +418,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Multiplayer.Match
                     else
                         room.MaxParticipants.Value = null;
 
-                    manager?.CreateRoom(room, onSuccess, onError);
+                    manager.CreateRoom(room, onSuccess, onError);
                 }
             }
 
@@ -466,7 +461,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Multiplayer.Match
         public class CreateOrUpdateButton : TriangleButton
         {
             [Resolved(typeof(Room), nameof(Room.RoomID))]
-            private Bindable<long?> roomId { get; set; }
+            private Bindable<long?> roomId { get; set; } = null!;
 
             protected override void LoadComplete()
             {

osu.Game/Screens/OnlinePlay/Multiplayer/Match/MultiplayerReadyButton.cs

@@ -57,23 +57,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Multiplayer.Match
 
         private void onRoomUpdated() => Scheduler.AddOnce(() =>
         {
-            MultiplayerCountdown newCountdown;
-
-            switch (room?.Countdown)
-            {
-                case MatchStartCountdown:
-                    newCountdown = room.Countdown;
-                    break;
-
-                // Clear the countdown with any other (including non-null) countdown values.
-                default:
-                    newCountdown = null;
-                    break;
-            }
+            MultiplayerCountdown newCountdown = room?.ActiveCountdowns.SingleOrDefault(c => c is MatchStartCountdown);
 
             if (newCountdown != countdown)
             {
-                countdown = room?.Countdown;
+                countdown = newCountdown;
                 countdownChangeTime = Time.Current;
             }
 
@@ -213,7 +201,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Multiplayer.Match
 
                 case MultiplayerUserState.Spectating:
                 case MultiplayerUserState.Ready:
-                    if (room?.Host?.Equals(localUser) == true && room.Countdown == null)
+                    if (room?.Host?.Equals(localUser) == true && !room.ActiveCountdowns.Any(c => c is MatchStartCountdown))
                         setGreen();
                     else
                         setYellow();
@@ -248,8 +236,13 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Multiplayer.Match
         {
             get
             {
-                if (room?.Countdown != null && multiplayerClient.IsHost && multiplayerClient.LocalUser?.State == MultiplayerUserState.Ready && !room.Settings.AutoStartEnabled)
+                if (room?.ActiveCountdowns.Any(c => c is MatchStartCountdown) == true
+                    && multiplayerClient.IsHost
+                    && multiplayerClient.LocalUser?.State == MultiplayerUserState.Ready
+                    && !room.Settings.AutoStartEnabled)
+                {
                     return "Cancel countdown";
+                }
 
                 return base.TooltipText;
             }

osu.Game/Screens/OnlinePlay/Multiplayer/MultiplayerMatchSongSelect.cs

@@ -8,11 +8,9 @@ using osu.Framework.Allocation;
 using osu.Framework.Bindables;
 using osu.Framework.Logging;
 using osu.Framework.Screens;
-using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
 using osu.Game.Graphics.UserInterface;
 using osu.Game.Online.Multiplayer;
 using osu.Game.Online.Rooms;
-using osu.Game.Rulesets;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods;
 using osu.Game.Screens.Select;
 
@@ -27,7 +25,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Multiplayer
         private OngoingOperationTracker operationTracker { get; set; } = null!;
 
         private readonly IBindable<bool> operationInProgress = new Bindable<bool>();
-        private readonly long? itemToEdit;
+        private readonly PlaylistItem? itemToEdit;
 
         private LoadingLayer loadingLayer = null!;
         private IDisposable? selectionOperation;
@@ -37,21 +35,10 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Multiplayer
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="room">The room.</param>
         /// <param name="itemToEdit">The item to be edited. May be null, in which case a new item will be added to the playlist.</param>
-        /// <param name="beatmap">An optional initial beatmap selection to perform.</param>
-        /// <param name="ruleset">An optional initial ruleset selection to perform.</param>
-        public MultiplayerMatchSongSelect(Room room, long? itemToEdit = null, WorkingBeatmap? beatmap = null, RulesetInfo? ruleset = null)
-            : base(room)
+        public MultiplayerMatchSongSelect(Room room, PlaylistItem? itemToEdit = null)
+            : base(room, itemToEdit)
         {
             this.itemToEdit = itemToEdit;
-
-            if (beatmap != null || ruleset != null)
-            {
-                Schedule(() =>
-                {
-                    if (beatmap != null) Beatmap.Value = beatmap;
-                    if (ruleset != null) Ruleset.Value = ruleset;
-                });
-            }
         }
 
         [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
@@ -80,7 +67,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Multiplayer
         {
             if (operationInProgress.Value)
             {
-                Logger.Log($"{nameof(SelectedItem)} aborted due to {nameof(operationInProgress)}");
+                Logger.Log($"{nameof(SelectItem)} aborted due to {nameof(operationInProgress)}");
                 return false;
             }
 
@@ -92,7 +79,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Multiplayer
 
                 var multiplayerItem = new MultiplayerPlaylistItem
                 {
-                    ID = itemToEdit ?? 0,
+                    ID = itemToEdit?.ID ?? 0,
                     BeatmapID = item.Beatmap.OnlineID,
                     BeatmapChecksum = item.Beatmap.MD5Hash,
                     RulesetID = item.RulesetID,

osu.Game/Screens/OnlinePlay/Multiplayer/MultiplayerMatchSubScreen.cs

@@ -49,11 +49,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Multiplayer
         [Resolved]
         private MultiplayerClient client { get; set; }
 
-        [Resolved]
-        private BeatmapManager beatmapManager { get; set; }
-
-        private readonly IBindable<bool> isConnected = new Bindable<bool>();
-
         private AddItemButton addItemButton;
 
         public MultiplayerMatchSubScreen(Room room)
@@ -227,12 +222,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Multiplayer
             if (!this.IsCurrentScreen())
                 return;
 
-            int id = itemToEdit?.Beatmap.OnlineID ?? Room.Playlist.Last().Beatmap.OnlineID;
-            var localBeatmap = beatmapManager.QueryBeatmap(b => b.OnlineID == id);
-
-            var workingBeatmap = localBeatmap == null ? null : beatmapManager.GetWorkingBeatmap(localBeatmap);
-
-            this.Push(new MultiplayerMatchSongSelect(Room, itemToEdit?.ID, workingBeatmap));
+            this.Push(new MultiplayerMatchSongSelect(Room, itemToEdit));
         }
 
         protected override Drawable CreateFooter() => new MultiplayerMatchFooter();
@@ -424,7 +414,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Multiplayer
                 return;
             }
 
-            this.Push(new MultiplayerMatchSongSelect(Room, client.Room.Settings.PlaylistItemId, beatmap, ruleset));
+            this.Push(new MultiplayerMatchSongSelect(Room, Room.Playlist.Single(item => item.ID == client.Room.Settings.PlaylistItemId)));
         }
 
         protected override void Dispose(bool isDisposing)

osu.Game/Screens/OnlinePlay/Multiplayer/Spectate/MultiSpectatorPlayer.cs

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
 using osu.Framework.Allocation;
+using osu.Framework.Audio;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
 using osu.Game.Scoring;
 using osu.Game.Screens.Play;
@@ -13,6 +14,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Multiplayer.Spectate
     /// </summary>
     public class MultiSpectatorPlayer : SpectatorPlayer
     {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// All adjustments applied to the clock of this <see cref="MultiSpectatorPlayer"/> which come from mods.
+        /// </summary>
+        public IAggregateAudioAdjustment ClockAdjustmentsFromMods => clockAdjustmentsFromMods;
+
+        private readonly AudioAdjustments clockAdjustmentsFromMods = new AudioAdjustments();
         private readonly SpectatorPlayerClock spectatorPlayerClock;
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -53,6 +60,10 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Multiplayer.Spectate
         }
 
         protected override GameplayClockContainer CreateGameplayClockContainer(WorkingBeatmap beatmap, double gameplayStart)
-            => new GameplayClockContainer(spectatorPlayerClock);
+        {
+            var gameplayClockContainer = new GameplayClockContainer(spectatorPlayerClock);
+            clockAdjustmentsFromMods.BindAdjustments(gameplayClockContainer.AdjustmentsFromMods);
+            return gameplayClockContainer;
+        }
     }
 }

osu.Game/Screens/OnlinePlay/Multiplayer/Spectate/MultiSpectatorScreen.cs

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 using System;
 using System.Linq;
 using osu.Framework.Allocation;
+using osu.Framework.Audio;
 using osu.Framework.Extensions.ObjectExtensions;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
@@ -43,6 +44,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Multiplayer.Spectate
         [Resolved]
         private MultiplayerClient multiplayerClient { get; set; } = null!;
 
+        private IAggregateAudioAdjustment? boundAdjustments;
+
         private readonly PlayerArea[] instances;
         private MasterGameplayClockContainer masterClockContainer = null!;
         private SpectatorSyncManager syncManager = null!;
@@ -157,6 +160,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Multiplayer.Spectate
             base.LoadComplete();
 
             masterClockContainer.Reset();
+
+            // Start with adjustments from the first player to keep a sane state.
+            bindAudioAdjustments(instances.First());
         }
 
         protected override void Update()
@@ -169,11 +175,24 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Multiplayer.Spectate
                                               .OrderBy(i => Math.Abs(i.SpectatorPlayerClock.CurrentTime - syncManager.CurrentMasterTime))
                                               .FirstOrDefault();
 
+                // Only bind adjustments if there's actually a valid source, else just use the previous ones to ensure no sudden changes to audio.
+                if (currentAudioSource != null)
+                    bindAudioAdjustments(currentAudioSource);
+
                 foreach (var instance in instances)
                     instance.Mute = instance != currentAudioSource;
             }
         }
 
+        private void bindAudioAdjustments(PlayerArea first)
+        {
+            if (boundAdjustments != null)
+                masterClockContainer.AdjustmentsFromMods.UnbindAdjustments(boundAdjustments);
+
+            boundAdjustments = first.ClockAdjustmentsFromMods;
+            masterClockContainer.AdjustmentsFromMods.BindAdjustments(boundAdjustments);
+        }
+
         private bool isCandidateAudioSource(SpectatorPlayerClock? clock)
             => clock?.IsRunning == true && !clock.IsCatchingUp && !clock.WaitingOnFrames;
 

osu.Game/Screens/OnlinePlay/Multiplayer/Spectate/PlayerArea.cs

@@ -42,6 +42,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Multiplayer.Spectate
         /// </summary>
         public readonly SpectatorPlayerClock SpectatorPlayerClock;
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The clock adjustments applied by the <see cref="Player"/> loaded in this area.
+        /// </summary>
+        public IAggregateAudioAdjustment ClockAdjustmentsFromMods => clockAdjustmentsFromMods;
+
         /// <summary>
         /// The currently-loaded score.
         /// </summary>
@@ -50,6 +55,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Multiplayer.Spectate
         [Resolved]
         private IBindable<WorkingBeatmap> beatmap { get; set; } = null!;
 
+        private readonly AudioAdjustments clockAdjustmentsFromMods = new AudioAdjustments();
         private readonly BindableDouble volumeAdjustment = new BindableDouble();
         private readonly Container gameplayContent;
         private readonly LoadingLayer loadingLayer;
@@ -97,6 +103,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay.Multiplayer.Spectate
             {
                 var player = new MultiSpectatorPlayer(Score, SpectatorPlayerClock);
                 player.OnGameplayStarted += () => OnGameplayStarted?.Invoke();
+
+                clockAdjustmentsFromMods.BindAdjustments(player.ClockAdjustmentsFromMods);
+
                 return player;
             }));
 

osu.Game/Screens/OnlinePlay/OnlinePlaySongSelect.cs

@@ -1,13 +1,11 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
-#nullable disable
-
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Diagnostics;
 using System.Linq;
 using Humanizer;
-using JetBrains.Annotations;
 using osu.Framework.Allocation;
 using osu.Framework.Bindables;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
@@ -35,32 +33,34 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay
         public override bool AllowEditing => false;
 
         [Resolved(typeof(Room), nameof(Room.Playlist))]
-        protected BindableList<PlaylistItem> Playlist { get; private set; }
-
-        [CanBeNull]
-        [Resolved(CanBeNull = true)]
-        protected IBindable<PlaylistItem> SelectedItem { get; private set; }
+        protected BindableList<PlaylistItem> Playlist { get; private set; } = null!;
 
         [Resolved]
-        private RulesetStore rulesets { get; set; }
+        private RulesetStore rulesets { get; set; } = null!;
+
+        [Resolved]
+        private BeatmapManager beatmapManager { get; set; } = null!;
 
         protected override UserActivity InitialActivity => new UserActivity.InLobby(room);
 
         protected readonly Bindable<IReadOnlyList<Mod>> FreeMods = new Bindable<IReadOnlyList<Mod>>(Array.Empty<Mod>());
 
         private readonly Room room;
-
-        private WorkingBeatmap initialBeatmap;
-        private RulesetInfo initialRuleset;
-        private IReadOnlyList<Mod> initialMods;
-        private bool itemSelected;
-
+        private readonly PlaylistItem? initialItem;
         private readonly FreeModSelectOverlay freeModSelectOverlay;
-        private IDisposable freeModSelectOverlayRegistration;
 
-        protected OnlinePlaySongSelect(Room room)
+        private IDisposable? freeModSelectOverlayRegistration;
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Creates a new <see cref="OnlinePlaySongSelect"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="room">The room.</param>
+        /// <param name="initialItem">An optional initial <see cref="PlaylistItem"/> to use for the initial beatmap/ruleset/mods.
+        /// If <c>null</c>, the last <see cref="PlaylistItem"/> in the room will be used.</param>
+        protected OnlinePlaySongSelect(Room room, PlaylistItem? initialItem = null)
         {
             this.room = room;
+            this.initialItem = initialItem ?? room.Playlist.LastOrDefault();
 
             Padding = new MarginPadding { Horizontal = HORIZONTAL_OVERFLOW_PADDING };
 
@@ -75,11 +75,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay
         private void load()
         {
             LeftArea.Padding = new MarginPadding { Top = Header.HEIGHT };
-
-            initialBeatmap = Beatmap.Value;
-            initialRuleset = Ruleset.Value;
-            initialMods = Mods.Value.ToList();
-
             LoadComponent(freeModSelectOverlay);
         }
 
@@ -87,14 +82,35 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay
         {
             base.LoadComplete();
 
-            var rulesetInstance = SelectedItem?.Value?.RulesetID == null ? null : rulesets.GetRuleset(SelectedItem.Value.RulesetID)?.CreateInstance();
-
-            if (rulesetInstance != null)
+            if (initialItem != null)
             {
-                // At this point, Mods contains both the required and allowed mods. For selection purposes, it should only contain the required mods.
-                // Similarly, freeMods is currently empty but should only contain the allowed mods.
-                Mods.Value = SelectedItem.Value.RequiredMods.Select(m => m.ToMod(rulesetInstance)).ToArray();
-                FreeMods.Value = SelectedItem.Value.AllowedMods.Select(m => m.ToMod(rulesetInstance)).ToArray();
+                // Prefer using a local databased beatmap lookup since OnlineId may be -1 for an invalid beatmap selection.
+                BeatmapInfo? beatmapInfo = initialItem.Beatmap as BeatmapInfo;
+
+                // And in the case that this isn't a local databased beatmap, query by online ID.
+                if (beatmapInfo == null)
+                {
+                    int onlineId = initialItem.Beatmap.OnlineID;
+                    beatmapInfo = beatmapManager.QueryBeatmap(b => b.OnlineID == onlineId);
+                }
+
+                if (beatmapInfo != null)
+                    Beatmap.Value = beatmapManager.GetWorkingBeatmap(beatmapInfo);
+
+                RulesetInfo? ruleset = rulesets.GetRuleset(initialItem.RulesetID);
+
+                if (ruleset != null)
+                {
+                    Ruleset.Value = ruleset;
+
+                    var rulesetInstance = ruleset.CreateInstance();
+                    Debug.Assert(rulesetInstance != null);
+
+                    // At this point, Mods contains both the required and allowed mods. For selection purposes, it should only contain the required mods.
+                    // Similarly, freeMods is currently empty but should only contain the allowed mods.
+                    Mods.Value = initialItem.RequiredMods.Select(m => m.ToMod(rulesetInstance)).ToArray();
+                    FreeMods.Value = initialItem.AllowedMods.Select(m => m.ToMod(rulesetInstance)).ToArray();
+                }
             }
 
             Mods.BindValueChanged(onModsChanged);
@@ -125,13 +141,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay
                 AllowedMods = FreeMods.Value.Select(m => new APIMod(m)).ToArray()
             };
 
-            if (SelectItem(item))
-            {
-                itemSelected = true;
-                return true;
-            }
-
-            return false;
+            return SelectItem(item);
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -154,15 +164,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay
 
         public override bool OnExiting(ScreenExitEvent e)
         {
-            if (!itemSelected)
-            {
-                Beatmap.Value = initialBeatmap;
-                Ruleset.Value = initialRuleset;
-                Mods.Value = initialMods;
-            }
-
             freeModSelectOverlay.Hide();
-
             return base.OnExiting(e);
         }
 
@@ -199,7 +201,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.OnlinePlay
         protected override void Dispose(bool isDisposing)
         {
             base.Dispose(isDisposing);
-
             freeModSelectOverlayRegistration?.Dispose();
         }
     }

osu.Game/Screens/OnlinePlay/Playlists/PlaylistsSongSelect.cs

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
-#nullable disable
-
 using System.Linq;
 using osu.Framework.Screens;
 using osu.Game.Online.API;

osu.Game/Screens/Play/GameplayClockContainer.cs

@@ -2,15 +2,13 @@
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
 using System;
-using System.Collections.Generic;
-using System.Linq;
 using osu.Framework.Allocation;
+using osu.Framework.Audio;
 using osu.Framework.Bindables;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
 using osu.Framework.Logging;
 using osu.Framework.Timing;
-using osu.Framework.Utils;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
@@ -46,7 +44,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
         /// </remarks>
         public double StartTime { get; protected set; }
 
-        public virtual IEnumerable<double> NonGameplayAdjustments => Enumerable.Empty<double>();
+        public IAdjustableAudioComponent AdjustmentsFromMods { get; } = new AudioAdjustments();
 
         private readonly BindableBool isPaused = new BindableBool(true);
 
@@ -196,7 +194,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
 
         void IAdjustableClock.Reset() => Reset();
 
-        public void ResetSpeedAdjustments() => throw new NotImplementedException();
+        public virtual void ResetSpeedAdjustments()
+        {
+        }
 
         double IAdjustableClock.Rate
         {
@@ -222,23 +222,5 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
         public double FramesPerSecond => GameplayClock.FramesPerSecond;
 
         public FrameTimeInfo TimeInfo => GameplayClock.TimeInfo;
-
-        public double TrueGameplayRate
-        {
-            get
-            {
-                double baseRate = Rate;
-
-                foreach (double adjustment in NonGameplayAdjustments)
-                {
-                    if (Precision.AlmostEquals(adjustment, 0))
-                        return 0;
-
-                    baseRate /= adjustment;
-                }
-
-                return baseRate;
-            }
-        }
     }
 }

osu.Game/Screens/Play/GameplayClockExtensions.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using System;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
+{
+    public static class GameplayClockExtensions
+    {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The rate of gameplay when playback is at 100%.
+        /// This excludes any seeking / user adjustments.
+        /// </summary>
+        public static double GetTrueGameplayRate(this IGameplayClock clock)
+        {
+            // To handle rewind, we still want to maintain the same direction as the underlying clock.
+            double rate = clock.Rate == 0 ? 1 : Math.Sign(clock.Rate);
+
+            return rate
+                   * clock.AdjustmentsFromMods.AggregateFrequency.Value
+                   * clock.AdjustmentsFromMods.AggregateTempo.Value;
+        }
+    }
+}

osu.Game/Screens/Play/HUD/ClicksPerSecond/ClicksPerSecondCalculator.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using osu.Framework.Allocation;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets.UI;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD.ClicksPerSecond
+{
+    public class ClicksPerSecondCalculator : Component
+    {
+        private readonly List<double> timestamps = new List<double>();
+
+        [Resolved]
+        private IGameplayClock gameplayClock { get; set; } = null!;
+
+        [Resolved(canBeNull: true)]
+        private DrawableRuleset? drawableRuleset { get; set; }
+
+        public int Value { get; private set; }
+
+        // Even though `FrameStabilityContainer` caches as a `GameplayClock`, we need to check it directly via `drawableRuleset`
+        // as this calculator is not contained within the `FrameStabilityContainer` and won't see the dependency.
+        private IGameplayClock clock => drawableRuleset?.FrameStableClock ?? gameplayClock;
+
+        public ClicksPerSecondCalculator()
+        {
+            RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both;
+        }
+
+        public void AddInputTimestamp() => timestamps.Add(clock.CurrentTime);
+
+        protected override void Update()
+        {
+            base.Update();
+
+            double latestValidTime = clock.CurrentTime;
+            double earliestTimeValid = latestValidTime - 1000 * gameplayClock.GetTrueGameplayRate();
+
+            int count = 0;
+
+            for (int i = timestamps.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
+            {
+                // handle rewinding by removing future timestamps as we go
+                if (timestamps[i] > latestValidTime)
+                {
+                    timestamps.RemoveAt(i);
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                if (timestamps[i] >= earliestTimeValid)
+                    count++;
+            }
+
+            Value = count;
+        }
+    }
+}

osu.Game/Screens/Play/HUD/ClicksPerSecond/ClicksPerSecondCounter.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
+// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
+
+using osu.Framework.Allocation;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
+using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
+using osu.Framework.Localisation;
+using osu.Game.Graphics;
+using osu.Game.Graphics.Sprites;
+using osu.Game.Graphics.UserInterface;
+using osu.Game.Skinning;
+using osuTK;
+
+namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD.ClicksPerSecond
+{
+    public class ClicksPerSecondCounter : RollingCounter<int>, ISkinnableDrawable
+    {
+        [Resolved]
+        private ClicksPerSecondCalculator calculator { get; set; } = null!;
+
+        protected override double RollingDuration => 350;
+
+        public bool UsesFixedAnchor { get; set; }
+
+        public ClicksPerSecondCounter()
+        {
+            Current.Value = 0;
+        }
+
+        [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
+        private void load(OsuColour colours)
+        {
+            Colour = colours.BlueLighter;
+        }
+
+        protected override void Update()
+        {
+            base.Update();
+
+            Current.Value = calculator.Value;
+        }
+
+        protected override IHasText CreateText() => new TextComponent();
+
+        private class TextComponent : CompositeDrawable, IHasText
+        {
+            public LocalisableString Text
+            {
+                get => text.Text;
+                set => text.Text = value;
+            }
+
+            private readonly OsuSpriteText text;
+
+            public TextComponent()
+            {
+                AutoSizeAxes = Axes.Both;
+
+                InternalChild = new FillFlowContainer
+                {
+                    AutoSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                    Spacing = new Vector2(2),
+                    Children = new Drawable[]
+                    {
+                        text = new OsuSpriteText
+                        {
+                            Anchor = Anchor.BottomLeft,
+                            Origin = Anchor.BottomLeft,
+                            Font = OsuFont.Numeric.With(size: 16, fixedWidth: true)
+                        },
+                        new FillFlowContainer
+                        {
+                            Anchor = Anchor.BottomLeft,
+                            Origin = Anchor.BottomLeft,
+                            Direction = FillDirection.Vertical,
+                            AutoSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                            Children = new Drawable[]
+                            {
+                                new OsuSpriteText
+                                {
+                                    Anchor = Anchor.TopLeft,
+                                    Origin = Anchor.TopLeft,
+                                    Font = OsuFont.Numeric.With(size: 6, fixedWidth: false),
+                                    Text = @"clicks",
+                                },
+                                new OsuSpriteText
+                                {
+                                    Anchor = Anchor.TopLeft,
+                                    Origin = Anchor.TopLeft,
+                                    Font = OsuFont.Numeric.With(size: 6, fixedWidth: false),
+                                    Text = @"/sec",
+                                    Padding = new MarginPadding { Bottom = 3f }, // align baseline better
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                };
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

osu.Game/Screens/Play/HUD/DefaultSongProgress.cs

@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD
 {
     public class DefaultSongProgress : SongProgress
     {
-        private const float info_height = 20;
         private const float bottom_bar_height = 5;
         private const float graph_height = SquareGraph.Column.WIDTH * 6;
         private const float handle_height = 18;
@@ -65,7 +64,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD
                     Origin = Anchor.BottomLeft,
                     Anchor = Anchor.BottomLeft,
                     RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.X,
-                    Height = info_height,
                 },
                 graph = new SongProgressGraph
                 {
@@ -178,7 +176,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD
         protected override void Update()
         {
             base.Update();
-            Height = bottom_bar_height + graph_height + handle_size.Y + info_height - graph.Y;
+            Height = bottom_bar_height + graph_height + handle_size.Y + info.Height - graph.Y;
         }
 
         private void updateBarVisibility()

osu.Game/Screens/Play/HUD/HitErrorMeters/HitErrorMeter.cs

@@ -59,30 +59,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD.HitErrorMeters
 
         protected Color4 GetColourForHitResult(HitResult result)
         {
-            switch (result)
-            {
-                case HitResult.SmallTickMiss:
-                case HitResult.LargeTickMiss:
-                case HitResult.Miss:
-                    return colours.Red;
-
-                case HitResult.Meh:
-                    return colours.Yellow;
-
-                case HitResult.Ok:
-                    return colours.Green;
-
-                case HitResult.Good:
-                    return colours.GreenLight;
-
-                case HitResult.SmallTickHit:
-                case HitResult.LargeTickHit:
-                case HitResult.Great:
-                    return colours.Blue;
-
-                default:
-                    return colours.BlueLight;
-            }
+            return colours.ForHitResult(result);
         }
 
         /// <summary>

osu.Game/Screens/Play/HUD/SongProgressInfo.cs

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ using osu.Framework.Allocation;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
 using osu.Game.Graphics;
+using osu.Game.Graphics.Containers;
 using osu.Game.Graphics.Sprites;
 using System;
 
@@ -14,9 +15,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD
 {
     public class SongProgressInfo : Container
     {
-        private OsuSpriteText timeCurrent;
-        private OsuSpriteText timeLeft;
-        private OsuSpriteText progress;
+        private SizePreservingSpriteText timeCurrent;
+        private SizePreservingSpriteText timeLeft;
+        private SizePreservingSpriteText progress;
 
         private double startTime;
         private double endTime;
@@ -46,36 +47,71 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD
             if (clock != null)
                 gameplayClock = clock;
 
+            AutoSizeAxes = Axes.Y;
             Children = new Drawable[]
             {
-                timeCurrent = new OsuSpriteText
+                new Container
                 {
-                    Origin = Anchor.BottomLeft,
-                    Anchor = Anchor.BottomLeft,
-                    Colour = colours.BlueLighter,
-                    Font = OsuFont.Numeric,
-                    Margin = new MarginPadding
+                    Anchor = Anchor.CentreLeft,
+                    Origin = Anchor.CentreLeft,
+                    AutoSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                    Child = new UprightAspectMaintainingContainer
                     {
-                        Left = margin,
-                    },
+                        Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                        Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                        AutoSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                        Scaling = ScaleMode.Vertical,
+                        ScalingFactor = 0.5f,
+                        Child = timeCurrent = new SizePreservingSpriteText
+                        {
+                            Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                            Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                            Colour = colours.BlueLighter,
+                            Font = OsuFont.Numeric,
+                        }
+                    }
                 },
-                progress = new OsuSpriteText
+                new Container
                 {
-                    Origin = Anchor.BottomCentre,
-                    Anchor = Anchor.BottomCentre,
-                    Colour = colours.BlueLighter,
-                    Font = OsuFont.Numeric,
-                },
-                timeLeft = new OsuSpriteText
-                {
-                    Origin = Anchor.BottomRight,
-                    Anchor = Anchor.BottomRight,
-                    Colour = colours.BlueLighter,
-                    Font = OsuFont.Numeric,
-                    Margin = new MarginPadding
+                    Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                    Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                    AutoSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                    Child = new UprightAspectMaintainingContainer
                     {
-                        Right = margin,
-                    },
+                        Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                        Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                        AutoSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                        Scaling = ScaleMode.Vertical,
+                        ScalingFactor = 0.5f,
+                        Child = progress = new SizePreservingSpriteText
+                        {
+                            Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                            Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                            Colour = colours.BlueLighter,
+                            Font = OsuFont.Numeric,
+                        }
+                    }
+                },
+                new Container
+                {
+                    Origin = Anchor.CentreRight,
+                    Anchor = Anchor.CentreRight,
+                    AutoSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                    Child = new UprightAspectMaintainingContainer
+                    {
+                        Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                        Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                        AutoSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                        Scaling = ScaleMode.Vertical,
+                        ScalingFactor = 0.5f,
+                        Child = timeLeft = new SizePreservingSpriteText
+                        {
+                            Origin = Anchor.Centre,
+                            Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
+                            Colour = colours.BlueLighter,
+                            Font = OsuFont.Numeric,
+                        }
+                    }
                 }
             };
         }

osu.Game/Screens/Play/HUDOverlay.cs

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.UI;
 using osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD;
+using osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD.ClicksPerSecond;
 using osu.Game.Skinning;
 using osuTK;
 
@@ -49,6 +50,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
         public readonly HoldForMenuButton HoldToQuit;
         public readonly PlayerSettingsOverlay PlayerSettingsOverlay;
 
+        [Cached]
+        private readonly ClicksPerSecondCalculator clicksPerSecondCalculator;
+
         public Bindable<bool> ShowHealthBar = new Bindable<bool>(true);
 
         private readonly DrawableRuleset drawableRuleset;
@@ -122,7 +126,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
                         KeyCounter = CreateKeyCounter(),
                         HoldToQuit = CreateHoldForMenuButton(),
                     }
-                }
+                },
+                clicksPerSecondCalculator = new ClicksPerSecondCalculator()
             };
         }
 
@@ -259,7 +264,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
 
         protected virtual void BindDrawableRuleset(DrawableRuleset drawableRuleset)
         {
-            (drawableRuleset as ICanAttachKeyCounter)?.Attach(KeyCounter);
+            if (drawableRuleset is ICanAttachHUDPieces attachTarget)
+            {
+                attachTarget.Attach(KeyCounter);
+                attachTarget.Attach(clicksPerSecondCalculator);
+            }
 
             replayLoaded.BindTo(drawableRuleset.HasReplayLoaded);
         }

osu.Game/Screens/Play/IGameplayClock.cs

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
-using System.Collections.Generic;
+using osu.Framework.Audio;
 using osu.Framework.Bindables;
 using osu.Framework.Timing;
 
@@ -9,12 +9,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
 {
     public interface IGameplayClock : IFrameBasedClock
     {
-        /// <summary>
-        /// The rate of gameplay when playback is at 100%.
-        /// This excludes any seeking / user adjustments.
-        /// </summary>
-        double TrueGameplayRate { get; }
-
         /// <summary>
         /// The time from which the clock should start. Will be seeked to on calling <see cref="GameplayClockContainer.Reset"/>.
         /// </summary>
@@ -25,9 +19,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
         double StartTime { get; }
 
         /// <summary>
-        /// All adjustments applied to this clock which don't come from gameplay or mods.
+        /// All adjustments applied to this clock which come from mods.
         /// </summary>
-        IEnumerable<double> NonGameplayAdjustments { get; }
+        IAdjustableAudioComponent AdjustmentsFromMods { get; }
 
         IBindable<bool> IsPaused { get; }
     }

osu.Game/Screens/Play/MasterGameplayClockContainer.cs

@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
 // See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
 
 using System;
-using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
+using osu.Framework.Allocation;
 using osu.Framework.Audio;
 using osu.Framework.Audio.Track;
 using osu.Framework.Bindables;
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Timing;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps.ControlPoints;
+using osu.Game.Overlays;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
 {
@@ -41,9 +42,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
 
         private readonly WorkingBeatmap beatmap;
 
-        private readonly double skipTargetTime;
+        private readonly Track track;
 
-        private readonly List<Bindable<double>> nonGameplayAdjustments = new List<Bindable<double>>();
+        private readonly double skipTargetTime;
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Stores the time at which the last <see cref="StopGameplayClock"/> call was triggered.
@@ -56,7 +57,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
         /// </summary>
         private double? actualStopTime;
 
-        public override IEnumerable<double> NonGameplayAdjustments => nonGameplayAdjustments.Select(b => b.Value);
+        [Resolved]
+        private MusicController musicController { get; set; } = null!;
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Create a new master gameplay clock container.
@@ -69,6 +71,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
             this.beatmap = beatmap;
             this.skipTargetTime = skipTargetTime;
 
+            track = beatmap.Track;
+
             StartTime = findEarliestStartTime();
         }
 
@@ -195,15 +199,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
             if (speedAdjustmentsApplied)
                 return;
 
-            if (SourceClock is not Track track)
-                return;
+            musicController.ResetTrackAdjustments();
 
+            track.BindAdjustments(AdjustmentsFromMods);
             track.AddAdjustment(AdjustableProperty.Frequency, GameplayClock.ExternalPauseFrequencyAdjust);
             track.AddAdjustment(AdjustableProperty.Tempo, UserPlaybackRate);
 
-            nonGameplayAdjustments.Add(GameplayClock.ExternalPauseFrequencyAdjust);
-            nonGameplayAdjustments.Add(UserPlaybackRate);
-
             speedAdjustmentsApplied = true;
         }
 
@@ -212,15 +213,10 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
             if (!speedAdjustmentsApplied)
                 return;
 
-            if (SourceClock is not Track track)
-                return;
-
+            track.UnbindAdjustments(AdjustmentsFromMods);
             track.RemoveAdjustment(AdjustableProperty.Frequency, GameplayClock.ExternalPauseFrequencyAdjust);
             track.RemoveAdjustment(AdjustableProperty.Tempo, UserPlaybackRate);
 
-            nonGameplayAdjustments.Remove(GameplayClock.ExternalPauseFrequencyAdjust);
-            nonGameplayAdjustments.Remove(UserPlaybackRate);
-
             speedAdjustmentsApplied = false;
         }
 

osu.Game/Screens/Play/Player.cs

@@ -996,12 +996,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
             foreach (var mod in GameplayState.Mods.OfType<IApplicableToHUD>())
                 mod.ApplyToHUD(HUDOverlay);
 
-            // Our mods are local copies of the global mods so they need to be re-applied to the track.
-            // This is done through the music controller (for now), because resetting speed adjustments on the beatmap track also removes adjustments provided by DrawableTrack.
-            // Todo: In the future, player will receive in a track and will probably not have to worry about this...
-            musicController.ResetTrackAdjustments();
             foreach (var mod in GameplayState.Mods.OfType<IApplicableToTrack>())
-                mod.ApplyToTrack(musicController.CurrentTrack);
+                mod.ApplyToTrack(GameplayClockContainer.AdjustmentsFromMods);
 
             updateGameplayState();
 
@@ -1053,6 +1049,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
             musicController.ResetTrackAdjustments();
 
             fadeOut();
+
             return base.OnExiting(e);
         }
 

osu.Game/Screens/Play/SaveFailedScoreButton.cs

@@ -63,8 +63,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
             if (player != null)
             {
                 importedScore = realm.Run(r => r.Find<ScoreInfo>(player.Score.ScoreInfo.ID)?.Detach());
-                if (importedScore != null)
-                    state.Value = DownloadState.LocallyAvailable;
+                state.Value = importedScore != null ? DownloadState.LocallyAvailable : DownloadState.NotDownloaded;
             }
 
             state.BindValueChanged(state =>

osu.Game/Screens/Ranking/Statistics/HitEventTimingDistributionGraph.cs

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
 using osu.Framework.Allocation;
-using osu.Framework.Extensions.Color4Extensions;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Shapes;
@@ -57,7 +56,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Ranking.Statistics
             this.hitEvents = hitEvents.Where(e => !(e.HitObject.HitWindows is HitWindows.EmptyHitWindows) && e.Result.IsHit()).ToList();
         }
 
-        private int[] bins;
+        private IDictionary<HitResult, int>[] bins;
         private double binSize;
         private double hitOffset;
 
@@ -69,7 +68,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Ranking.Statistics
             if (hitEvents == null || hitEvents.Count == 0)
                 return;
 
-            bins = new int[total_timing_distribution_bins];
+            bins = Enumerable.Range(0, total_timing_distribution_bins).Select(_ => new Dictionary<HitResult, int>()).ToArray<IDictionary<HitResult, int>>();
 
             binSize = Math.Ceiling(hitEvents.Max(e => Math.Abs(e.TimeOffset)) / timing_distribution_bins);
 
@@ -89,7 +88,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Ranking.Statistics
         {
             bool roundUp = true;
 
-            Array.Clear(bins, 0, bins.Length);
+            foreach (var bin in bins)
+                bin.Clear();
 
             foreach (var e in hitEvents)
             {
@@ -110,23 +110,23 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Ranking.Statistics
 
                 // may be out of range when applying an offset. for such cases we can just drop the results.
                 if (index >= 0 && index < bins.Length)
-                    bins[index]++;
+                {
+                    bins[index].TryGetValue(e.Result, out int value);
+                    bins[index][e.Result] = ++value;
+                }
             }
 
             if (barDrawables != null)
             {
                 for (int i = 0; i < barDrawables.Length; i++)
                 {
-                    barDrawables[i].UpdateOffset(bins[i]);
+                    barDrawables[i].UpdateOffset(bins[i].Sum(b => b.Value));
                 }
             }
             else
             {
-                int maxCount = bins.Max();
-                barDrawables = new Bar[total_timing_distribution_bins];
-
-                for (int i = 0; i < barDrawables.Length; i++)
-                    barDrawables[i] = new Bar(bins[i], maxCount, i == timing_distribution_centre_bin_index);
+                int maxCount = bins.Max(b => b.Values.Sum());
+                barDrawables = bins.Select((bin, i) => new Bar(bins[i], maxCount, i == timing_distribution_centre_bin_index)).ToArray();
 
                 Container axisFlow;
 
@@ -209,50 +209,97 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Ranking.Statistics
 
         private class Bar : CompositeDrawable
         {
-            private readonly float value;
-            private readonly float maxValue;
+            private float totalValue => values.Sum(v => v.Value);
+            private float basalHeight => BoundingBox.Width / BoundingBox.Height;
+            private float availableHeight => 1 - basalHeight;
 
-            private readonly Circle boxOriginal;
+            private readonly IReadOnlyList<KeyValuePair<HitResult, int>> values;
+            private readonly float maxValue;
+            private readonly bool isCentre;
+
+            private Circle[] boxOriginals;
             private Circle boxAdjustment;
 
-            private const float minimum_height = 0.05f;
+            [Resolved]
+            private OsuColour colours { get; set; }
 
-            public Bar(float value, float maxValue, bool isCentre)
+            public Bar(IDictionary<HitResult, int> values, float maxValue, bool isCentre)
             {
-                this.value = value;
+                this.values = values.OrderBy(v => v.Key.GetIndexForOrderedDisplay()).ToList();
                 this.maxValue = maxValue;
+                this.isCentre = isCentre;
 
                 RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both;
                 Masking = true;
+            }
 
-                InternalChildren = new Drawable[]
+            [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
+            private void load()
+            {
+                if (values.Any())
                 {
-                    boxOriginal = new Circle
+                    boxOriginals = values.Select((v, i) => new Circle
                     {
                         RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
                         Anchor = Anchor.BottomCentre,
                         Origin = Anchor.BottomCentre,
-                        Colour = isCentre ? Color4.White : Color4Extensions.FromHex("#66FFCC"),
-                        Height = minimum_height,
-                    },
-                };
+                        Colour = isCentre && i == 0 ? Color4.White : colours.ForHitResult(v.Key),
+                        Height = 0,
+                    }).ToArray();
+                    // The bars of the stacked bar graph will be processed (stacked) from the bottom, which is the base position,
+                    // to the top, and the bottom bar should be drawn more toward the front by design,
+                    // while the drawing order is from the back to the front, so the order passed to `InternalChildren` is the opposite.
+                    InternalChildren = boxOriginals.Reverse().ToArray();
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    // A bin with no value draws a grey dot instead.
+                    InternalChildren = boxOriginals = new[]
+                    {
+                        new Circle
+                        {
+                            RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
+                            Anchor = Anchor.BottomCentre,
+                            Origin = Anchor.BottomCentre,
+                            Colour = isCentre ? Color4.White : Color4.Gray,
+                            Height = 0,
+                        },
+                    };
+                }
             }
 
             private const double duration = 300;
 
+            private float offsetForValue(float value)
+            {
+                return availableHeight * value / maxValue;
+            }
+
+            private float heightForValue(float value)
+            {
+                return basalHeight + offsetForValue(value);
+            }
+
             protected override void LoadComplete()
             {
                 base.LoadComplete();
 
-                float height = Math.Clamp(value / maxValue, minimum_height, 1);
+                foreach (var boxOriginal in boxOriginals)
+                    boxOriginal.Height = basalHeight;
 
-                if (height > minimum_height)
-                    boxOriginal.ResizeHeightTo(height, duration, Easing.OutQuint);
+                float offsetValue = 0;
+
+                for (int i = 0; i < values.Count; i++)
+                {
+                    boxOriginals[i].MoveToY(offsetForValue(offsetValue) * BoundingBox.Height, duration, Easing.OutQuint);
+                    boxOriginals[i].ResizeHeightTo(heightForValue(values[i].Value), duration, Easing.OutQuint);
+                    offsetValue -= values[i].Value;
+                }
             }
 
             public void UpdateOffset(float adjustment)
             {
-                bool hasAdjustment = adjustment != value && adjustment / maxValue >= minimum_height;
+                bool hasAdjustment = adjustment != totalValue;
 
                 if (boxAdjustment == null)
                 {
@@ -271,7 +318,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Ranking.Statistics
                     });
                 }
 
-                boxAdjustment.ResizeHeightTo(Math.Clamp(adjustment / maxValue, minimum_height, 1), duration, Easing.OutQuint);
+                boxAdjustment.ResizeHeightTo(heightForValue(adjustment), duration, Easing.OutQuint);
                 boxAdjustment.FadeTo(!hasAdjustment ? 0 : 1, duration, Easing.OutQuint);
             }
         }

osu.Game/Screens/Select/DifficultyRangeFilterControl.cs

@@ -65,6 +65,13 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Select
 
         private class MinimumStarsSlider : StarsSlider
         {
+            public MinimumStarsSlider()
+                : base("0")
+            {
+            }
+
+            public override LocalisableString TooltipText => Current.Value.ToString(@"0.## stars");
+
             protected override void LoadComplete()
             {
                 base.LoadComplete();
@@ -82,6 +89,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Select
 
         private class MaximumStarsSlider : StarsSlider
         {
+            public MaximumStarsSlider()
+                : base("∞")
+            {
+            }
+
             protected override void LoadComplete()
             {
                 base.LoadComplete();
@@ -96,10 +108,17 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Select
 
         private class StarsSlider : OsuSliderBar<double>
         {
+            private readonly string defaultString;
+
             public override LocalisableString TooltipText => Current.IsDefault
                 ? UserInterfaceStrings.NoLimit
                 : Current.Value.ToString(@"0.## stars");
 
+            protected StarsSlider(string defaultString)
+            {
+                this.defaultString = defaultString;
+            }
+
             protected override bool OnHover(HoverEvent e)
             {
                 base.OnHover(e);
@@ -125,7 +144,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Select
 
                 Current.BindValueChanged(current =>
                 {
-                    currentDisplay.Text = current.NewValue != Current.Default ? current.NewValue.ToString("N1") : "∞";
+                    currentDisplay.Text = current.NewValue != Current.Default ? current.NewValue.ToString("N1") : defaultString;
                 }, true);
             }
         }

osu.Game/Screens/Select/NoResultsPlaceholder.cs

@@ -127,10 +127,10 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Select
                         config.SetValue(OsuSetting.DisplayStarsMaximum, 10.1);
                     });
 
-                    string lowerStar = filter.UserStarDifficulty.Min == null ? "∞" : $"{filter.UserStarDifficulty.Min:N1}";
+                    string lowerStar = $"{filter.UserStarDifficulty.Min ?? 0:N1}";
                     string upperStar = filter.UserStarDifficulty.Max == null ? "∞" : $"{filter.UserStarDifficulty.Max:N1}";
 
-                    textFlow.AddText($" the {lowerStar}-{upperStar} star difficulty filter.");
+                    textFlow.AddText($" the {lowerStar} - {upperStar} star difficulty filter.");
                 }
 
                 // TODO: Add realm queries to hint at which ruleset results are available in (and allow clicking to switch).

osu.Game/Skinning/Editor/SkinBlueprintContainer.cs

@@ -11,9 +11,12 @@ using osu.Framework.Bindables;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Screens;
 using osu.Framework.Testing;
+using osu.Framework.Input.Events;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Edit;
 using osu.Game.Screens;
 using osu.Game.Screens.Edit.Compose.Components;
+using osuTK;
+using osuTK.Input;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Skinning.Editor
 {
@@ -90,6 +93,47 @@ namespace osu.Game.Skinning.Editor
             base.AddBlueprintFor(item);
         }
 
+        protected override bool OnKeyDown(KeyDownEvent e)
+        {
+            switch (e.Key)
+            {
+                case Key.Left:
+                    moveSelection(new Vector2(-1, 0));
+                    return true;
+
+                case Key.Right:
+                    moveSelection(new Vector2(1, 0));
+                    return true;
+
+                case Key.Up:
+                    moveSelection(new Vector2(0, -1));
+                    return true;
+
+                case Key.Down:
+                    moveSelection(new Vector2(0, 1));
+                    return true;
+            }
+
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Move the current selection spatially by the specified delta, in screen coordinates (ie. the same coordinates as the blueprints).
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="delta"></param>
+        private void moveSelection(Vector2 delta)
+        {
+            var firstBlueprint = SelectionHandler.SelectedBlueprints.FirstOrDefault();
+
+            if (firstBlueprint == null)
+                return;
+
+            // convert to game space coordinates
+            delta = firstBlueprint.ToScreenSpace(delta) - firstBlueprint.ToScreenSpace(Vector2.Zero);
+
+            SelectionHandler.HandleMovement(new MoveSelectionEvent<ISkinnableDrawable>(firstBlueprint, delta));
+        }
+
         protected override SelectionHandler<ISkinnableDrawable> CreateSelectionHandler() => new SkinSelectionHandler();
 
         protected override SelectionBlueprint<ISkinnableDrawable> CreateBlueprintFor(ISkinnableDrawable component)

osu.Game/Tests/Visual/Multiplayer/TestMultiplayerClient.cs

@@ -81,13 +81,14 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Multiplayer
         public void Disconnect() => isConnected.Value = false;
 
         public MultiplayerRoomUser AddUser(APIUser user, bool markAsPlaying = false)
-        {
-            var roomUser = new MultiplayerRoomUser(user.Id) { User = user };
+            => AddUser(new MultiplayerRoomUser(user.Id) { User = user }, markAsPlaying);
 
+        public MultiplayerRoomUser AddUser(MultiplayerRoomUser roomUser, bool markAsPlaying = false)
+        {
             addUser(roomUser);
 
             if (markAsPlaying)
-                PlayingUserIds.Add(user.Id);
+                PlayingUserIds.Add(roomUser.UserID);
 
             return roomUser;
         }

osu.Game/Tests/Visual/Spectator/TestSpectatorClient.cs

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Diagnostics;
+using System.Linq;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using osu.Framework.Allocation;
 using osu.Framework.Bindables;
@@ -37,6 +38,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Spectator
         private readonly Dictionary<int, ReplayFrame> lastReceivedUserFrames = new Dictionary<int, ReplayFrame>();
 
         private readonly Dictionary<int, int> userBeatmapDictionary = new Dictionary<int, int>();
+        private readonly Dictionary<int, APIMod[]> userModsDictionary = new Dictionary<int, APIMod[]>();
         private readonly Dictionary<int, int> userNextFrameDictionary = new Dictionary<int, int>();
 
         [Resolved]
@@ -52,9 +54,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Spectator
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="userId">The user to start play for.</param>
         /// <param name="beatmapId">The playing beatmap id.</param>
-        public void SendStartPlay(int userId, int beatmapId)
+        /// <param name="mods">The mods the user has applied.</param>
+        public void SendStartPlay(int userId, int beatmapId, APIMod[]? mods = null)
         {
             userBeatmapDictionary[userId] = beatmapId;
+            userModsDictionary[userId] = mods ?? Array.Empty<APIMod>();
             userNextFrameDictionary[userId] = 0;
             sendPlayingState(userId);
         }
@@ -73,10 +77,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Spectator
             {
                 BeatmapID = userBeatmapDictionary[userId],
                 RulesetID = 0,
+                Mods = userModsDictionary[userId],
                 State = state
             });
 
             userBeatmapDictionary.Remove(userId);
+            userModsDictionary.Remove(userId);
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -125,6 +131,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Spectator
             // Track the local user's playing beatmap ID.
             Debug.Assert(state.BeatmapID != null);
             userBeatmapDictionary[api.LocalUser.Value.Id] = state.BeatmapID.Value;
+            userModsDictionary[api.LocalUser.Value.Id] = state.Mods.ToArray();
 
             return ((ISpectatorClient)this).UserBeganPlaying(api.LocalUser.Value.Id, state);
         }
@@ -158,6 +165,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual.Spectator
             {
                 BeatmapID = userBeatmapDictionary[userId],
                 RulesetID = 0,
+                Mods = userModsDictionary[userId],
                 State = SpectatedUserState.Playing
             });
         }

osu.Game/osu.Game.csproj

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
       <IncludeAssets>runtime; build; native; contentfiles; analyzers; buildtransitive</IncludeAssets>
     </PackageReference>
     <PackageReference Include="Realm" Version="10.15.1" />
-    <PackageReference Include="ppy.osu.Framework" Version="2022.901.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="ppy.osu.Framework" Version="2022.908.0" />
     <PackageReference Include="ppy.osu.Game.Resources" Version="2022.831.0" />
     <PackageReference Include="Sentry" Version="3.20.1" />
     <PackageReference Include="SharpCompress" Version="0.32.2" />

osu.iOS.props

@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@
     <Reference Include="System.Net.Http" />
   </ItemGroup>
   <ItemGroup Label="Package References">
-    <PackageReference Include="ppy.osu.Framework.iOS" Version="2022.901.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="ppy.osu.Framework.iOS" Version="2022.908.0" />
     <PackageReference Include="ppy.osu.Game.Resources" Version="2022.831.0" />
   </ItemGroup>
   <!-- See https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/issues/35988 (can be removed after Xamarin uses net6.0) -->
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@
     <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Sqlite" Version="5.0.14" />
     <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Sqlite.Core" Version="5.0.14" />
     <PackageReference Include="Newtonsoft.Json" Version="13.0.1" />
-    <PackageReference Include="ppy.osu.Framework" Version="2022.901.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="ppy.osu.Framework" Version="2022.908.0" />
     <PackageReference Include="SharpCompress" Version="0.32.1" />
     <PackageReference Include="NUnit" Version="3.13.3" />
     <PackageReference Include="System.ComponentModel.Annotations" Version="5.0.0" />