Merge branch 'master' into fix-leaderboard-placeholder

osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch/Beatmaps/CatchBeatmapProcessor.cs

@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Beatmaps
 {
     public class CatchBeatmapProcessor : BeatmapProcessor
     {
+        public const int RNG_SEED = 1337;
+
         public CatchBeatmapProcessor(IBeatmap beatmap)
             : base(beatmap)
         {
@@ -22,12 +24,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Beatmaps
 
         public override void PostProcess()
         {
+            base.PostProcess();
+
             applyPositionOffsets();
 
             initialiseHyperDash((List<CatchHitObject>)Beatmap.HitObjects);
 
-            base.PostProcess();
-
             int index = 0;
             foreach (var obj in Beatmap.HitObjects.OfType<CatchHitObject>())
             {
@@ -37,8 +39,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Catch.Beatmaps
             }
         }
 
-        public const int RNG_SEED = 1337;
-
         private void applyPositionOffsets()
         {
             var rng = new FastRandom(RNG_SEED);

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests/TestCaseColumn.cs

@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests
                 var obj = new Note { Column = i, StartTime = Time.Current + 2000 };
                 obj.ApplyDefaults(new ControlPointInfo(), new BeatmapDifficulty());
 
-                columns[i].Add(new DrawableNote(obj, columns[i].Action));
+                columns[i].Add(new DrawableNote(obj));
             }
         }
 
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests
                 var obj = new HoldNote { Column = i, StartTime = Time.Current + 2000, Duration = 500 };
                 obj.ApplyDefaults(new ControlPointInfo(), new BeatmapDifficulty());
 
-                columns[i].Add(new DrawableHoldNote(obj, columns[i].Action));
+                columns[i].Add(new DrawableHoldNote(obj));
             }
         }
 
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests
                 Origin = Anchor.Centre,
                 Height = 0.85f,
                 AccentColour = Color4.OrangeRed,
-                Action = action,
+                Action = { Value = action },
                 VisibleTimeRange = { Value = 2000 }
             };
 

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests/TestCaseNotes.cs

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
 using NUnit.Framework;
 using osu.Framework.Allocation;
+using osu.Framework.Configuration;
 using osu.Framework.Extensions.Color4Extensions;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
@@ -63,7 +64,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests
                 AutoSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
                 Child = new NoteContainer(direction, $"note, scrolling {direction.ToString().ToLower()}")
                 {
-                    Child = new DrawableNote(note, ManiaAction.Key1) { AccentColour = Color4.OrangeRed }
+                    Child = new DrawableNote(note) { AccentColour = Color4.OrangeRed }
                 }
             };
         }
@@ -78,7 +79,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests
                 AutoSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
                 Child = new NoteContainer(direction, $"hold note, scrolling {direction.ToString().ToLower()}")
                 {
-                    Child = new DrawableHoldNote(note, ManiaAction.Key1)
+                    Child = new DrawableHoldNote(note)
                     {
                         RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
                         AccentColour = Color4.OrangeRed,
@@ -136,6 +137,13 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests
                 };
             }
 
+            protected override IReadOnlyDependencyContainer CreateLocalDependencies(IReadOnlyDependencyContainer parent)
+            {
+                var dependencies = new DependencyContainer(base.CreateLocalDependencies(parent));
+                dependencies.CacheAs<IBindable<ManiaAction>>(new Bindable<ManiaAction>());
+                return dependencies;
+            }
+
             protected override void Update()
             {
                 base.Update();

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests/TestCaseStage.cs

@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests
                     var obj = new Note { Column = i, StartTime = Time.Current + 2000 };
                     obj.ApplyDefaults(new ControlPointInfo(), new BeatmapDifficulty());
 
-                    stage.Add(new DrawableNote(obj, stage.Columns[i].Action));
+                    stage.Add(new DrawableNote(obj));
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Tests
                     var obj = new HoldNote { Column = i, StartTime = Time.Current + 2000, Duration = 500 };
                     obj.ApplyDefaults(new ControlPointInfo(), new BeatmapDifficulty());
 
-                    stage.Add(new DrawableHoldNote(obj, stage.Columns[i].Action));
+                    stage.Add(new DrawableHoldNote(obj));
                 }
             }
         }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Objects/Drawables/DrawableHoldNote.cs

@@ -38,8 +38,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Objects.Drawables
 
         private readonly Container<DrawableHoldNoteTick> tickContainer;
 
-        public DrawableHoldNote(HoldNote hitObject, ManiaAction action)
+        public DrawableHoldNote(HoldNote hitObject)
-            : base(hitObject, action)
+            : base(hitObject)
         {
             RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.X;
 
@@ -57,12 +57,12 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Objects.Drawables
                         HoldStartTime = () => holdStartTime
                     })
                 },
-                head = new DrawableHeadNote(this, action)
+                head = new DrawableHeadNote(this)
                 {
                     Anchor = Anchor.TopCentre,
                     Origin = Anchor.TopCentre
                 },
-                tail = new DrawableTailNote(this, action)
+                tail = new DrawableTailNote(this)
                 {
                     Anchor = Anchor.TopCentre,
                     Origin = Anchor.TopCentre
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Objects.Drawables
             if (Time.Current < HitObject.StartTime || Time.Current > HitObject.EndTime)
                 return false;
 
-            if (action != Action)
+            if (action != Action.Value)
                 return false;
 
             // The user has pressed during the body of the hold note, after the head note and its hit windows have passed
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Objects.Drawables
             if (!holdStartTime.HasValue)
                 return false;
 
-            if (action != Action)
+            if (action != Action.Value)
                 return false;
 
             holdStartTime = null;
@@ -154,8 +154,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Objects.Drawables
         {
             private readonly DrawableHoldNote holdNote;
 
-            public DrawableHeadNote(DrawableHoldNote holdNote, ManiaAction action)
+            public DrawableHeadNote(DrawableHoldNote holdNote)
-                : base(holdNote.HitObject.Head, action)
+                : base(holdNote.HitObject.Head)
             {
                 this.holdNote = holdNote;
             }
@@ -191,8 +191,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Objects.Drawables
 
             private readonly DrawableHoldNote holdNote;
 
-            public DrawableTailNote(DrawableHoldNote holdNote, ManiaAction action)
+            public DrawableTailNote(DrawableHoldNote holdNote)
-                : base(holdNote.HitObject.Tail, action)
+                : base(holdNote.HitObject.Tail)
             {
                 this.holdNote = holdNote;
             }
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Objects.Drawables
                 if (!holdNote.holdStartTime.HasValue)
                     return false;
 
-                if (action != Action)
+                if (action != Action.Value)
                     return false;
 
                 UpdateJudgement(true);

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Objects/Drawables/DrawableManiaHitObject.cs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright (c) 2007-2018 ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>.
 // Licensed under the MIT Licence - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ppy/osu/master/LICENCE
 
+using JetBrains.Annotations;
 using osu.Framework.Allocation;
 using osu.Framework.Configuration;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
@@ -10,30 +11,26 @@ using osu.Game.Rulesets.UI.Scrolling;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Objects.Drawables
 {
-    public abstract class DrawableManiaHitObject<TObject> : DrawableHitObject<ManiaHitObject>
+    public abstract class DrawableManiaHitObject : DrawableHitObject<ManiaHitObject>
-        where TObject : ManiaHitObject
     {
         /// <summary>
-        /// The key that will trigger input for this hit object.
+        /// The <see cref="ManiaAction"/> which causes this <see cref="DrawableManiaHitObject{TObject}"/> to be hit.
         /// </summary>
-        protected ManiaAction Action { get; }
+        protected readonly IBindable<ManiaAction> Action = new Bindable<ManiaAction>();
-
-        public new TObject HitObject;
 
         protected readonly IBindable<ScrollingDirection> Direction = new Bindable<ScrollingDirection>();
 
-        protected DrawableManiaHitObject(TObject hitObject, ManiaAction? action = null)
+        protected DrawableManiaHitObject(ManiaHitObject hitObject)
             : base(hitObject)
         {
-            HitObject = hitObject;
-
-            if (action != null)
-                Action = action.Value;
         }
 
-        [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
+        [BackgroundDependencyLoader(true)]
-        private void load(IScrollingInfo scrollingInfo)
+        private void load([CanBeNull] IBindable<ManiaAction> action, [NotNull] IScrollingInfo scrollingInfo)
         {
+            if (action != null)
+                Action.BindTo(action);
+
             Direction.BindTo(scrollingInfo.Direction);
             Direction.BindValueChanged(OnDirectionChanged, true);
         }
@@ -42,6 +39,18 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Objects.Drawables
         {
             Anchor = Origin = direction == ScrollingDirection.Up ? Anchor.TopCentre : Anchor.BottomCentre;
         }
+    }
+
+    public abstract class DrawableManiaHitObject<TObject> : DrawableManiaHitObject
+        where TObject : ManiaHitObject
+    {
+        public new readonly TObject HitObject;
+
+        protected DrawableManiaHitObject(TObject hitObject)
+            : base(hitObject)
+        {
+            HitObject = hitObject;
+        }
 
         protected override void UpdateState(ArmedState state)
         {

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/Objects/Drawables/DrawableNote.cs

@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Objects.Drawables
     {
         private readonly NotePiece headPiece;
 
-        public DrawableNote(Note hitObject, ManiaAction action)
+        public DrawableNote(Note hitObject)
-            : base(hitObject, action)
+            : base(hitObject)
         {
             RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.X;
             AutoSizeAxes = Axes.Y;
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.Objects.Drawables
 
         public virtual bool OnPressed(ManiaAction action)
         {
-            if (action != Action)
+            if (action != Action.Value)
                 return false;
 
             return UpdateJudgement(true);

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/UI/Column.cs

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
 using osu.Game.Graphics;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects.Drawables;
 using System.Linq;
+using osu.Framework.Allocation;
+using osu.Framework.Configuration;
 using osu.Framework.Input.Bindings;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Judgements;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.UI.Components;
@@ -19,21 +21,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.UI
         private const float column_width = 45;
         private const float special_column_width = 70;
 
-        private ManiaAction action;
+        public readonly Bindable<ManiaAction> Action = new Bindable<ManiaAction>();
-
-        public ManiaAction Action
-        {
-            get => action;
-            set
-            {
-                if (action == value)
-                    return;
-                action = value;
-
-                background.Action = value;
-                keyArea.Action = value;
-            }
-        }
 
         private readonly ColumnBackground background;
         private readonly ColumnKeyArea keyArea;
@@ -130,6 +118,13 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.UI
             }
         }
 
+        protected override IReadOnlyDependencyContainer CreateLocalDependencies(IReadOnlyDependencyContainer parent)
+        {
+            var dependencies = new DependencyContainer(base.CreateLocalDependencies(parent));
+            dependencies.CacheAs<IBindable<ManiaAction>>(Action);
+            return dependencies;
+        }
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Adds a DrawableHitObject to this Playfield.
         /// </summary>

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/UI/Components/ColumnBackground.cs

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.UI.Components
 {
     public class ColumnBackground : CompositeDrawable, IKeyBindingHandler<ManiaAction>, IHasAccentColour
     {
-        public ManiaAction Action;
+        private readonly IBindable<ManiaAction> action = new Bindable<ManiaAction>();
 
         private Box background;
         private Box backgroundOverlay;
@@ -25,8 +25,10 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.UI.Components
         private readonly IBindable<ScrollingDirection> direction = new Bindable<ScrollingDirection>();
 
         [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
-        private void load(IScrollingInfo scrollingInfo)
+        private void load(IBindable<ManiaAction> action, IScrollingInfo scrollingInfo)
         {
+            this.action.BindTo(action);
+
             InternalChildren = new[]
             {
                 background = new Box
@@ -91,14 +93,14 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.UI.Components
 
         public bool OnPressed(ManiaAction action)
         {
-            if (action == Action)
+            if (action == this.action.Value)
                 backgroundOverlay.FadeTo(1, 50, Easing.OutQuint).Then().FadeTo(0.5f, 250, Easing.OutQuint);
             return false;
         }
 
         public bool OnReleased(ManiaAction action)
         {
-            if (action == Action)
+            if (action == this.action.Value)
                 backgroundOverlay.FadeTo(0, 250, Easing.OutQuint);
             return false;
         }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/UI/Components/ColumnKeyArea.cs

@@ -21,15 +21,16 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.UI.Components
         private const float key_icon_size = 10;
         private const float key_icon_corner_radius = 3;
 
-        public ManiaAction Action;
+        private readonly IBindable<ManiaAction> action = new Bindable<ManiaAction>();
-
         private readonly IBindable<ScrollingDirection> direction = new Bindable<ScrollingDirection>();
 
         private Container keyIcon;
 
         [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
-        private void load(IScrollingInfo scrollingInfo)
+        private void load(IBindable<ManiaAction> action, IScrollingInfo scrollingInfo)
         {
+            this.action.BindTo(action);
+
             Drawable gradient;
 
             InternalChildren = new[]
@@ -107,14 +108,14 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.UI.Components
 
         public bool OnPressed(ManiaAction action)
         {
-            if (action == Action)
+            if (action == this.action.Value)
                 keyIcon.ScaleTo(1.4f, 50, Easing.OutQuint).Then().ScaleTo(1.3f, 250, Easing.OutQuint);
             return false;
         }
 
         public bool OnReleased(ManiaAction action)
         {
-            if (action == Action)
+            if (action == this.action.Value)
                 keyIcon.ScaleTo(1f, 125, Easing.OutQuint);
             return false;
         }

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/UI/ManiaRulesetContainer.cs

@@ -101,17 +101,15 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.UI
 
         protected override DrawableHitObject<ManiaHitObject> GetVisualRepresentation(ManiaHitObject h)
         {
-            ManiaAction action = Playfield.Columns.ElementAt(h.Column).Action;
+            switch (h)
-
+            {
-            var holdNote = h as HoldNote;
+                case HoldNote holdNote:
-            if (holdNote != null)
+                    return new DrawableHoldNote(holdNote);
-                return new DrawableHoldNote(holdNote, action);
+                case Note note:
-
+                    return new DrawableNote(note);
-            var note = h as Note;
+                default:
-            if (note != null)
+                    return null;
-                return new DrawableNote(note, action);
+            }
-
-            return null;
         }
 
         protected override Vector2 PlayfieldArea => new Vector2(1, 0.8f);

osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania/UI/ManiaStage.cs

@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Mania.UI
                 var column = new Column(direction)
                 {
                     IsSpecial = isSpecial,
-                    Action = isSpecial ? specialColumnStartAction++ : normalColumnStartAction++
+                    Action = { Value = isSpecial ? specialColumnStartAction++ : normalColumnStartAction++ }
                 };
 
                 AddColumn(column);

osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu/Beatmaps/OsuBeatmapProcessor.cs

@@ -15,10 +15,10 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Beatmaps
         {
         }
 
-        public override void PostProcess()
+        public override void PreProcess()
         {
+            base.PreProcess();
             applyStacking((Beatmap<OsuHitObject>)Beatmap);
-            base.PostProcess();
         }
 
         private void applyStacking(Beatmap<OsuHitObject> beatmap)
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Beatmaps
                         continue;
 
                     double endTime = (stackBaseObject as IHasEndTime)?.EndTime ?? stackBaseObject.StartTime;
-                    double stackThreshold = objectN.TimePreempt * beatmap.BeatmapInfo?.StackLeniency ?? 0.7f;
+                    double stackThreshold = objectN.TimePreempt * beatmap.BeatmapInfo.StackLeniency;
 
                     if (objectN.StartTime - endTime > stackThreshold)
                         //We are no longer within stacking range of the next object.
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Osu.Beatmaps
                 OsuHitObject objectI = beatmap.HitObjects[i];
                 if (objectI.StackHeight != 0 || objectI is Spinner) continue;
 
-                double stackThreshold = objectI.TimePreempt * beatmap.BeatmapInfo?.StackLeniency ?? 0.7f;
+                double stackThreshold = objectI.TimePreempt * beatmap.BeatmapInfo.StackLeniency;
 
                 /* If this object is a hitcircle, then we enter this "special" case.
                     * It either ends with a stack of hitcircles only, or a stack of hitcircles that are underneath a slider.

osu.Game.Rulesets.Taiko/UI/TaikoRulesetContainer.cs

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.Taiko.UI
         private void loadBarLines()
         {
             TaikoHitObject lastObject = Beatmap.HitObjects[Beatmap.HitObjects.Count - 1];
-            double lastHitTime = 1 + (lastObject as IHasEndTime)?.EndTime ?? lastObject.StartTime;
+            double lastHitTime = 1 + ((lastObject as IHasEndTime)?.EndTime ?? lastObject.StartTime);
 
             var timingPoints = Beatmap.ControlPointInfo.TimingPoints.ToList();
 

osu.Game.Tests/Visual/TestCaseBeatmapInfoWedge.cs

@@ -65,17 +65,19 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual
 
             foreach (var rulesetInfo in rulesets.AvailableRulesets)
             {
-                var ruleset = rulesetInfo.CreateInstance();
+                var instance = rulesetInfo.CreateInstance();
                 var testBeatmap = createTestBeatmap(rulesetInfo);
 
                 beatmaps.Add(testBeatmap);
 
+                AddStep("set ruleset", () => Ruleset.Value = rulesetInfo);
+
                 selectBeatmap(testBeatmap);
 
-                testBeatmapLabels(ruleset);
+                testBeatmapLabels(instance);
 
                 // TODO: adjust cases once more info is shown for other gamemodes
-                switch (ruleset)
+                switch (instance)
                 {
                     case OsuRuleset _:
                         testInfoLabels(5);

osu.Game.Tests/Visual/TestCaseMods.cs

@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual
             foreach (var rulesetInfo in rulesets.AvailableRulesets)
             {
                 Ruleset ruleset = rulesetInfo.CreateInstance();
-                AddStep($"switch to {ruleset.Description}", () => modSelect.Ruleset.Value = rulesetInfo);
+                AddStep($"switch to {ruleset.Description}", () => Ruleset.Value = rulesetInfo);
 
                 switch (ruleset)
                 {

osu.Game/Beatmaps/BeatmapProcessor.cs

@@ -6,23 +6,9 @@ using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects.Types;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Beatmaps
 {
-    public interface IBeatmapProcessor
-    {
-        IBeatmap Beatmap { get; }
-
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Post-processes <see cref="Beatmap"/> to add mode-specific components that aren't added during conversion.
-        /// <para>
-        /// An example of such a usage is for combo colours.
-        /// </para>
-        /// </summary>
-        void PostProcess();
-    }
-
     /// <summary>
-    /// Processes a post-converted Beatmap.
+    /// Provides functionality to alter a <see cref="IBeatmap"/> after it has been converted.
     /// </summary>
-    /// <typeparam name="TObject">The type of HitObject contained in the Beatmap.</typeparam>
     public class BeatmapProcessor : IBeatmapProcessor
     {
         public IBeatmap Beatmap { get; }
@@ -32,13 +18,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Beatmaps
             Beatmap = beatmap;
         }
 
-        /// <summary>
+        public virtual void PreProcess()
-        /// Post-processes a Beatmap to add mode-specific components that aren't added during conversion.
-        /// <para>
-        /// An example of such a usage is for combo colours.
-        /// </para>
-        /// </summary>
-        public virtual void PostProcess()
         {
             IHasComboInformation lastObj = null;
 
@@ -62,5 +42,9 @@ namespace osu.Game.Beatmaps
                 lastObj = obj;
             }
         }
+
+        public virtual void PostProcess()
+        {
+        }
     }
 }

osu.Game/Beatmaps/IBeatmapConverter.cs

@@ -7,6 +7,9 @@ using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Beatmaps
 {
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Provides functionality to convert a <see cref="IBeatmap"/> for a <see cref="Ruleset"/>.
+    /// </summary>
     public interface IBeatmapConverter
     {
         /// <summary>

osu.Game/Beatmaps/IBeatmapProcessor.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2007-2018 ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>.
+// Licensed under the MIT Licence - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ppy/osu/master/LICENCE
+
+namespace osu.Game.Beatmaps
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Provides functionality to alter a <see cref="IBeatmap"/> after it has been converted.
+    /// </summary>
+    public interface IBeatmapProcessor
+    {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The <see cref="IBeatmap"/> to process. This should already be converted to the applicable <see cref="Ruleset"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        IBeatmap Beatmap { get; }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Processes the converted <see cref="Beatmap"/> prior to <see cref="HitObject.ApplyDefaults"/> being invoked.
+        /// <para>
+        /// Nested <see cref="HitObject"/>s generated during <see cref="HitObject.ApplyDefaults"/> will not be present by this point,
+        /// and no mods will have been applied to the <see cref="HitObject"/>s.
+        /// </para>
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <remarks>
+        /// This can only be used to add alterations to <see cref="HitObject"/>s generated directly through the conversion process.
+        /// </remarks>
+        void PreProcess();
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Processes the converted <see cref="Beatmap"/> after <see cref="HitObject.ApplyDefaults"/> has been invoked.
+        /// <para>
+        /// Nested <see cref="HitObject"/>s generated during <see cref="HitObject.ApplyDefaults"/> will be present by this point,
+        /// and mods will have been applied to all <see cref="HitObject"/>s.
+        /// </para>
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <remarks>
+        /// This should be used to add alterations to <see cref="HitObject"/>s while they are in their most playable state.
+        /// </remarks>
+        void PostProcess();
+    }
+}

osu.Game/Beatmaps/WorkingBeatmap.cs

@@ -116,6 +116,10 @@ namespace osu.Game.Beatmaps
                     mod.ApplyToDifficulty(converted.BeatmapInfo.BaseDifficulty);
             }
 
+            IBeatmapProcessor processor = rulesetInstance.CreateBeatmapProcessor(converted);
+
+            processor?.PreProcess();
+
             // Compute default values for hitobjects, including creating nested hitobjects in-case they're needed
             foreach (var obj in converted.HitObjects)
                 obj.ApplyDefaults(converted.ControlPointInfo, converted.BeatmapInfo.BaseDifficulty);
@@ -124,8 +128,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Beatmaps
             foreach (var obj in converted.HitObjects)
                 mod.ApplyToHitObject(obj);
 
-            // Post-process
+            processor?.PostProcess();
-            rulesetInstance.CreateBeatmapProcessor(converted)?.PostProcess();
 
             return converted;
         }

osu.Game/Graphics/Containers/OsuFocusedOverlayContainer.cs

@@ -8,12 +8,14 @@ using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
 using osu.Framework.Input;
 using OpenTK;
 using osu.Framework.Configuration;
+using osu.Framework.Input.Bindings;
 using osu.Game.Audio;
+using osu.Game.Input.Bindings;
 using osu.Game.Overlays;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Graphics.Containers
 {
-    public class OsuFocusedOverlayContainer : FocusedOverlayContainer, IPreviewTrackOwner
+    public class OsuFocusedOverlayContainer : FocusedOverlayContainer, IPreviewTrackOwner, IKeyBindingHandler<GlobalAction>
     {
         private SampleChannel samplePopIn;
         private SampleChannel samplePopOut;
@@ -65,6 +67,19 @@ namespace osu.Game.Graphics.Containers
             return base.OnClick(state);
         }
 
+        public bool OnPressed(GlobalAction action)
+        {
+            if (action == GlobalAction.Back)
+            {
+                State = Visibility.Hidden;
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        public bool OnReleased(GlobalAction action) => false;
+
         private void onStateChanged(Visibility visibility)
         {
             switch (visibility)

osu.Game/Graphics/UserInterface/FocusedTextBox.cs

@@ -2,9 +2,10 @@
 // Licensed under the MIT Licence - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ppy/osu/master/LICENCE
 
 using OpenTK.Graphics;
-using OpenTK.Input;
 using osu.Framework.Input;
 using System;
+using osu.Game.Input.Bindings;
+using OpenTK.Input;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Graphics.UserInterface
 {
@@ -19,6 +20,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Graphics.UserInterface
         public Action Exit;
 
         private bool focus;
+
         public bool HoldFocus
         {
             get { return focus; }
@@ -26,7 +28,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Graphics.UserInterface
             {
                 focus = value;
                 if (!focus && HasFocus)
-                    GetContainingInputManager().ChangeFocus(null);
+                    base.KillFocus();
             }
         }
 
@@ -41,18 +43,34 @@ namespace osu.Game.Graphics.UserInterface
 
         protected override bool OnKeyDown(InputState state, KeyDownEventArgs args)
         {
-            if (!args.Repeat && args.Key == Key.Escape)
+            if (!HasFocus) return false;
-            {
+
-                if (Text.Length > 0)
+            if (args.Key == Key.Escape)
-                    Text = string.Empty;
+                return false; // disable the framework-level handling of escape key for confority (we use GlobalAction.Back).
-                else
-                    Exit?.Invoke();
-                return true;
-            }
 
             return base.OnKeyDown(state, args);
         }
 
+        public override bool OnPressed(GlobalAction action)
+        {
+            if (action == GlobalAction.Back)
+            {
+                if (Text.Length > 0)
+                {
+                    Text = string.Empty;
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+
+            return base.OnPressed(action);
+        }
+
+        protected override void KillFocus()
+        {
+            base.KillFocus();
+            Exit?.Invoke();
+        }
+
         public override bool RequestsFocus => HoldFocus;
     }
 }

osu.Game/Graphics/UserInterface/OsuPasswordTextBox.cs

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Graphics.UserInterface
     {
         protected override Drawable GetDrawableCharacter(char c) => new PasswordMaskChar(CalculatedTextSize);
 
-        public override bool AllowClipboardExport => false;
+        protected override bool AllowClipboardExport => false;
 
         private readonly CapsWarning warning;
 

osu.Game/Graphics/UserInterface/OsuTextBox.cs

@@ -9,10 +9,12 @@ using osu.Framework.Input;
 using osu.Game.Graphics.Sprites;
 using OpenTK.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Extensions.Color4Extensions;
+using osu.Framework.Input.Bindings;
+using osu.Game.Input.Bindings;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Graphics.UserInterface
 {
-    public class OsuTextBox : TextBox
+    public class OsuTextBox : TextBox, IKeyBindingHandler<GlobalAction>
     {
         protected override Color4 BackgroundUnfocused => Color4.Black.Opacity(0.5f);
         protected override Color4 BackgroundFocused => OsuColour.Gray(0.3f).Opacity(0.8f);
@@ -33,10 +35,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Graphics.UserInterface
             TextContainer.Height = 0.5f;
             CornerRadius = 5;
 
-            Current.DisabledChanged += disabled =>
+            Current.DisabledChanged += disabled => { Alpha = disabled ? 0.3f : 1; };
-            {
-                Alpha = disabled ? 0.3f : 1;
-            };
         }
 
         [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
@@ -59,5 +58,18 @@ namespace osu.Game.Graphics.UserInterface
         }
 
         protected override Drawable GetDrawableCharacter(char c) => new OsuSpriteText { Text = c.ToString(), TextSize = CalculatedTextSize };
+
+        public virtual bool OnPressed(GlobalAction action)
+        {
+            if (action == GlobalAction.Back)
+            {
+                KillFocus();
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        public bool OnReleased(GlobalAction action) => false;
     }
 }

osu.Game/Graphics/UserInterface/SearchTextBox.cs

@@ -34,8 +34,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Graphics.UserInterface
 
         protected override bool OnKeyDown(InputState state, KeyDownEventArgs args)
         {
-            if (HandlePendingText(state)) return true;
-
             if (!state.Keyboard.ControlPressed && !state.Keyboard.ShiftPressed)
             {
                 switch (args.Key)

osu.Game/Overlays/KeyBinding/KeyBindingRow.cs

@@ -202,9 +202,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.KeyBinding
 
             switch (args.Key)
             {
-                case Key.Escape:
-                    finalise();
-                    return true;
                 case Key.Delete:
                 {
                     if (state.Keyboard.ShiftPressed)

osu.Game/Overlays/Mods/ModSelectOverlay.cs

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.Mods
 
         public readonly Bindable<IEnumerable<Mod>> SelectedMods = new Bindable<IEnumerable<Mod>>();
 
-        public readonly Bindable<RulesetInfo> Ruleset = new Bindable<RulesetInfo>();
+        public readonly IBindable<RulesetInfo> Ruleset = new Bindable<RulesetInfo>();
 
         private void rulesetChanged(RulesetInfo newRuleset)
         {
@@ -51,8 +51,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.Mods
             refreshSelectedMods();
         }
 
-        [BackgroundDependencyLoader(permitNulls: true)]
+        [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
-        private void load(OsuColour colours, Bindable<RulesetInfo> ruleset, RulesetStore rulesets, AudioManager audio)
+        private void load(OsuColour colours, IBindable<RulesetInfo> ruleset, AudioManager audio)
         {
             SelectedMods.ValueChanged += selectedModsChanged;
 
@@ -60,13 +60,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.Mods
             HighMultiplierColour = colours.Green;
             UnrankedLabel.Colour = colours.Blue;
 
-            if (ruleset != null)
+            Ruleset.BindTo(ruleset);
-                Ruleset.BindTo(ruleset);
+            Ruleset.BindValueChanged(rulesetChanged, true);
-            else
-                Ruleset.Value = rulesets.AvailableRulesets.First();
-
-            Ruleset.ValueChanged += rulesetChanged;
-            Ruleset.TriggerChange();
 
             sampleOn = audio.Sample.Get(@"UI/check-on");
             sampleOff = audio.Sample.Get(@"UI/check-off");

osu.Game/Overlays/Settings/Sections/SkinSection.cs

@@ -56,7 +56,13 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.Settings.Sections
 
             reloadSkins();
 
-            skinDropdown.Bindable = config.GetBindable<int>(OsuSetting.Skin);
+            var skinBindable = config.GetBindable<int>(OsuSetting.Skin);
+
+            // Todo: This should not be necessary when OsuConfigManager is databased
+            if (skinDropdown.Items.All(s => s.Value != skinBindable.Value))
+                skinBindable.Value = 0;
+
+            skinDropdown.Bindable = skinBindable;
         }
 
         private void reloadSkins() => skinDropdown.Items = skins.GetAllUsableSkins().Select(s => new KeyValuePair<string, int>(s.ToString(), s.ID));

osu.Game/Overlays/Toolbar/ToolbarModeSelector.cs

@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.Toolbar
             };
         }
 
-        [BackgroundDependencyLoader(true)]
+        [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
         private void load(RulesetStore rulesets, Bindable<RulesetInfo> parentRuleset)
         {
             this.rulesets = rulesets;
@@ -82,11 +82,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Overlays.Toolbar
 
             ruleset.ValueChanged += rulesetChanged;
             ruleset.DisabledChanged += disabledChanged;
-
+            ruleset.BindTo(parentRuleset);
-            if (parentRuleset != null)
-                ruleset.BindTo(parentRuleset);
-            else
-                ruleset.Value = rulesets.AvailableRulesets.FirstOrDefault();
         }
 
         protected override bool OnKeyDown(InputState state, KeyDownEventArgs args)

osu.Game/Rulesets/Ruleset.cs

@@ -57,8 +57,18 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets
         /// <returns></returns>
         public abstract RulesetContainer CreateRulesetContainerWith(WorkingBeatmap beatmap);
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Creates a <see cref="IBeatmapConverter"/> to convert a <see cref="IBeatmap"/> to one that is applicable for this <see cref="Ruleset"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="beatmap">The <see cref="IBeatmap"/> to be converted.</param>
+        /// <returns>The <see cref="IBeatmapConverter"/>.</returns>
         public abstract IBeatmapConverter CreateBeatmapConverter(IBeatmap beatmap);
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Optionally creates a <see cref="IBeatmapProcessor"/> to alter a <see cref="IBeatmap"/> after it has been converted.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="beatmap">The <see cref="IBeatmap"/> to be processed.</param>
+        /// <returns>The <see cref="IBeatmapProcessor"/>.</returns>
         public virtual IBeatmapProcessor CreateBeatmapProcessor(IBeatmap beatmap) => null;
 
         public abstract DifficultyCalculator CreateDifficultyCalculator(WorkingBeatmap beatmap);

osu.Game/Rulesets/RulesetStore.cs

@@ -84,7 +84,13 @@ namespace osu.Game.Rulesets
                 {
                     try
                     {
-                        var instanceInfo = ((Ruleset)Activator.CreateInstance(Type.GetType(r.InstantiationInfo), (RulesetInfo)null)).RulesetInfo;
+                        var instanceInfo = ((Ruleset)Activator.CreateInstance(Type.GetType(r.InstantiationInfo, asm =>
+                        {
+                            // for the time being, let's ignore the version being loaded.
+                            // this allows for debug builds to successfully load rulesets (even though debug rulesets have a 0.0.0 version).
+                            asm.Version = null;
+                            return Assembly.Load(asm);
+                        }, null), (RulesetInfo)null)).RulesetInfo;
 
                         r.Name = instanceInfo.Name;
                         r.ShortName = instanceInfo.ShortName;

osu.Game/Screens/BackgroundScreen.cs

@@ -40,7 +40,14 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens
             while (screen.LoadState < LoadState.Ready)
                 Thread.Sleep(1);
 
-            base.Push(screen);
+            try
+            {
+                base.Push(screen);
+            }
+            catch (ScreenAlreadyExitedException)
+            {
+                // screen may have exited before the push was successful.
+            }
         }
 
         protected override void Update()

osu.Game/Screens/Menu/ButtonSystem.cs

@@ -148,8 +148,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Menu
                 case Key.Space:
                     logo?.TriggerOnClick(state);
                     return true;
-                case Key.Escape:
-                    return goBack();
             }
 
             return false;
@@ -181,16 +179,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Menu
             }
         }
 
-        public bool OnReleased(GlobalAction action)
+        public bool OnReleased(GlobalAction action) => false;
-        {
-            switch (action)
-            {
-                case GlobalAction.Back:
-                    return true;
-                default:
-                    return false;
-            }
-        }
 
         private void onPlay()
         {

osu.Game/Screens/Menu/ExitConfirmOverlay.cs

@@ -1,34 +1,34 @@
 // Copyright (c) 2007-2018 ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>.
 // Licensed under the MIT Licence - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ppy/osu/master/LICENCE
 
-using osu.Framework.Input;
+using osu.Framework.Input.Bindings;
+using osu.Game.Input.Bindings;
 using osu.Game.Overlays;
-using OpenTK.Input;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Screens.Menu
 {
-    public class ExitConfirmOverlay : HoldToConfirmOverlay
+    public class ExitConfirmOverlay : HoldToConfirmOverlay, IKeyBindingHandler<GlobalAction>
     {
-        protected override bool OnKeyDown(InputState state, KeyDownEventArgs args)
+        public bool OnPressed(GlobalAction action)
         {
-            if (args.Key == Key.Escape && !args.Repeat)
+            if (action == GlobalAction.Back)
             {
                 BeginConfirm();
                 return true;
             }
 
-            return base.OnKeyDown(state, args);
+            return false;
         }
 
-        protected override bool OnKeyUp(InputState state, KeyUpEventArgs args)
+        public bool OnReleased(GlobalAction action)
         {
-            if (args.Key == Key.Escape)
+            if (action == GlobalAction.Back)
             {
                 AbortConfirm();
                 return true;
             }
 
-            return base.OnKeyUp(state, args);
+            return false;
         }
     }
 }

osu.Game/Screens/OsuScreen.cs

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ using osu.Framework.Audio;
 using osu.Framework.Audio.Sample;
 using osu.Framework.Configuration;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
-using osu.Framework.Input;
 using osu.Framework.Input.Bindings;
 using osu.Framework.Screens;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
@@ -17,7 +16,6 @@ using osu.Game.Input.Bindings;
 using osu.Game.Rulesets;
 using osu.Game.Screens.Menu;
 using OpenTK;
-using OpenTK.Input;
 using osu.Game.Overlays;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
 
@@ -84,11 +82,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens
         [BackgroundDependencyLoader(true)]
         private void load(BindableBeatmap beatmap, OsuGame osu, AudioManager audio, Bindable<RulesetInfo> ruleset)
         {
-            if (beatmap != null)
+            Beatmap.BindTo(beatmap);
-                Beatmap.BindTo(beatmap);
+            Ruleset.BindTo(ruleset);
-
-            if (ruleset != null)
-                Ruleset.BindTo(ruleset);
 
             if (osu != null)
             {
@@ -108,6 +103,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens
 
         public bool OnPressed(GlobalAction action)
         {
+            if (!IsCurrentScreen) return false;
+
             if (action == GlobalAction.Back && AllowBackButton)
             {
                 Exit();
@@ -119,20 +116,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens
 
         public bool OnReleased(GlobalAction action) => action == GlobalAction.Back && AllowBackButton;
 
-        protected override bool OnKeyDown(InputState state, KeyDownEventArgs args)
-        {
-            if (args.Repeat || !IsCurrentScreen) return false;
-
-            switch (args.Key)
-            {
-                case Key.Escape:
-                    Exit();
-                    return true;
-            }
-
-            return base.OnKeyDown(state, args);
-        }
-
         protected override void OnResuming(Screen last)
         {
             sampleExit?.Play();
@@ -197,11 +180,10 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens
 
             if (Background != null && !Background.Equals(nextOsu?.Background))
             {
-                if (nextOsu != null)
+                Background.Exit();
-                    //We need to use MakeCurrent in case we are jumping up multiple game screens.
+
-                    nextOsu.Background?.MakeCurrent();
+                //We need to use MakeCurrent in case we are jumping up multiple game screens.
-                else
+                nextOsu?.Background?.MakeCurrent();
-                    Background.Exit();
             }
 
             if (base.OnExiting(next))

osu.Game/Screens/Play/FailOverlay.cs

@@ -1,12 +1,9 @@
 // Copyright (c) 2007-2018 ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>.
 // Licensed under the MIT Licence - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ppy/osu/master/LICENCE
 
-using osu.Framework.Input;
-using OpenTK.Input;
 using osu.Game.Graphics;
 using OpenTK.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Allocation;
-using System.Linq;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
 {
@@ -21,16 +18,5 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
             AddButton("Retry", colours.YellowDark, () => OnRetry?.Invoke());
             AddButton("Quit", new Color4(170, 27, 39, 255), () => OnQuit?.Invoke());
         }
-
-        protected override bool OnKeyDown(InputState state, KeyDownEventArgs args)
-        {
-            if (!args.Repeat && args.Key == Key.Escape)
-            {
-                InternalButtons.Children.Last().TriggerOnClick();
-                return true;
-            }
-
-            return base.OnKeyDown(state, args);
-        }
     }
 }

osu.Game/Screens/Play/GameplayMenuOverlay.cs

@@ -15,10 +15,13 @@ using osu.Game.Graphics.UserInterface;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Shapes;
 using OpenTK.Input;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+using osu.Framework.Input.Bindings;
+using osu.Game.Input.Bindings;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
 {
-    public abstract class GameplayMenuOverlay : OverlayContainer
+    public abstract class GameplayMenuOverlay : OverlayContainer, IKeyBindingHandler<GlobalAction>
     {
         private const int transition_duration = 200;
         private const int button_height = 70;
@@ -31,6 +34,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
         public Action OnRetry;
         public Action OnQuit;
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Action that is invoked when <see cref="GlobalAction.Back"/> is triggered.
+        /// </summary>
+        protected virtual Action BackAction => () => InternalButtons.Children.Last().TriggerOnClick();
+
         public abstract string Header { get; }
         public abstract string Description { get; }
 
@@ -219,6 +227,19 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
             return base.OnKeyDown(state, args);
         }
 
+        public bool OnPressed(GlobalAction action)
+        {
+            if (action == GlobalAction.Back)
+            {
+                BackAction.Invoke();
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        public bool OnReleased(GlobalAction action) => action == GlobalAction.Back;
+
         private void buttonSelectionChanged(DialogButton button, bool isSelected)
         {
             if (!isSelected)

osu.Game/Screens/Play/PauseContainer.cs

@@ -6,11 +6,9 @@ using System.Linq;
 using osu.Framework.Allocation;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics;
 using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
-using osu.Framework.Input;
 using osu.Framework.Timing;
 using osu.Game.Graphics;
 using OpenTK.Graphics;
-using OpenTK.Input;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
 {
@@ -138,16 +136,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
             public override string Header => "paused";
             public override string Description => "you're not going to do what i think you're going to do, are ya?";
 
-            protected override bool OnKeyDown(InputState state, KeyDownEventArgs args)
+            protected override Action BackAction => () => InternalButtons.Children.First().TriggerOnClick();
-            {
-                if (!args.Repeat && args.Key == Key.Escape)
-                {
-                    InternalButtons.Children.First().TriggerOnClick();
-                    return true;
-                }
-
-                return base.OnKeyDown(state, args);
-            }
 
             [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
             private void load(OsuColour colours)

osu.Game/Screens/Play/Player.cs

@@ -49,8 +49,6 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Play
         public bool AllowLeadIn { get; set; } = true;
         public bool AllowResults { get; set; } = true;
 
-        protected override bool AllowBackButton => false;
-
         private Bindable<bool> mouseWheelDisabled;
         private Bindable<double> userAudioOffset;
 

osu.Game/Screens/Select/BeatmapInfoWedge.cs

@@ -55,8 +55,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Select
         [BackgroundDependencyLoader(true)]
         private void load([CanBeNull] Bindable<RulesetInfo> parentRuleset)
         {
-            if (parentRuleset != null)
+            ruleset.BindTo(parentRuleset);
-                ruleset.BindTo(parentRuleset);
             ruleset.ValueChanged += _ => updateDisplay();
         }
 

osu.Game/Screens/Select/FilterControl.cs

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Select
         private readonly TabControl<GroupMode> groupTabs;
 
         private SortMode sort = SortMode.Title;
+
         public SortMode Sort
         {
             get { return sort; }
@@ -43,6 +44,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Select
         }
 
         private GroupMode group = GroupMode.All;
+
         public GroupMode Group
         {
             get { return group; }
@@ -69,7 +71,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Select
 
         private readonly SearchTextBox searchTextBox;
 
-        public override bool ReceiveMouseInputAt(Vector2 screenSpacePos) => base.ReceiveMouseInputAt(screenSpacePos) || groupTabs.ReceiveMouseInputAt(screenSpacePos) || sortTabs.ReceiveMouseInputAt(screenSpacePos);
+        public override bool ReceiveMouseInputAt(Vector2 screenSpacePos) =>
+            base.ReceiveMouseInputAt(screenSpacePos) || groupTabs.ReceiveMouseInputAt(screenSpacePos) || sortTabs.ReceiveMouseInputAt(screenSpacePos);
 
         public FilterControl()
         {
@@ -177,8 +180,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Select
             showConverted = config.GetBindable<bool>(OsuSetting.ShowConvertedBeatmaps);
             showConverted.ValueChanged += val => updateCriteria();
 
-            if (parentRuleset != null)
+            ruleset.BindTo(parentRuleset);
-                ruleset.BindTo(parentRuleset);
             ruleset.BindValueChanged(val => updateCriteria(), true);
         }
 

osu.Game/Screens/Select/Leaderboards/Leaderboard.cs

@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Select.Leaderboards
         private bool scoresLoadedOnce;
 
         private IEnumerable<Score> scores;
+
         public IEnumerable<Score> Scores
         {
             get { return scores; }
@@ -200,9 +201,7 @@ namespace osu.Game.Screens.Select.Leaderboards
         {
             this.api = api;
 
-            if (parentRuleset != null)
+            ruleset.BindTo(parentRuleset);
-                ruleset.BindTo(parentRuleset);
-
             ruleset.ValueChanged += _ => updateScores();
 
             if (api != null)

osu.Game/Tests/Visual/OsuTestCase.cs

@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
 // Copyright (c) 2007-2018 ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>.
 // Licensed under the MIT Licence - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ppy/osu/master/LICENCE
 
+using System.Linq;
 using osu.Framework.Allocation;
 using osu.Framework.Audio;
+using osu.Framework.Configuration;
 using osu.Framework.Testing;
 using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
+using osu.Game.Rulesets;
 
 namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual
 {
@@ -13,6 +16,8 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual
         private readonly OsuTestBeatmap beatmap = new OsuTestBeatmap(new DummyWorkingBeatmap());
         protected BindableBeatmap Beatmap => beatmap;
 
+        protected readonly Bindable<RulesetInfo> Ruleset = new Bindable<RulesetInfo>();
+
         protected DependencyContainer Dependencies { get; private set; }
 
         protected override IReadOnlyDependencyContainer CreateLocalDependencies(IReadOnlyDependencyContainer parent)
@@ -22,13 +27,18 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual
             Dependencies.CacheAs<BindableBeatmap>(beatmap);
             Dependencies.CacheAs<IBindableBeatmap>(beatmap);
 
+            Dependencies.CacheAs(Ruleset);
+            Dependencies.CacheAs<IBindable<RulesetInfo>>(Ruleset);
+
             return Dependencies;
         }
 
         [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
-        private void load(AudioManager audioManager)
+        private void load(AudioManager audioManager, RulesetStore rulesets)
         {
             beatmap.SetAudioManager(audioManager);
+
+            Ruleset.Value = rulesets.AvailableRulesets.First();
         }
 
         protected override void Dispose(bool isDisposing)

osu.Game/Tests/Visual/TestCasePlayer.cs

@@ -86,7 +86,11 @@ namespace osu.Game.Tests.Visual
         private readonly WeakList<WorkingBeatmap> workingWeakReferences = new WeakList<WorkingBeatmap>();
         private readonly WeakList<Player> playerWeakReferences = new WeakList<Player>();
 
-        private Player loadPlayerFor(RulesetInfo ri) => loadPlayerFor(ri.CreateInstance());
+        private Player loadPlayerFor(RulesetInfo ri)
+        {
+            Ruleset.Value = ri;
+            return loadPlayerFor(ri.CreateInstance());
+        }
 
         private Player loadPlayerFor(Ruleset r)
         {

osu.Game/osu.Game.csproj

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
     <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Sqlite" Version="2.1.1" />
     <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Sqlite.Core" Version="2.1.1" />
     <PackageReference Include="Newtonsoft.Json" Version="11.0.2" />
-    <PackageReference Include="ppy.osu.Framework" Version="2018.626.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="ppy.osu.Framework" Version="2018.629.0" />
     <PackageReference Include="SharpCompress" Version="0.17.1" />
     <PackageReference Include="NUnit" Version="3.10.1" />
     <PackageReference Include="System.ComponentModel.Annotations" Version="4.5.0" />